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Haddad N, Johnson N, Kathariou S, Métris A, Phister T, Pielaat A, Tassou C, Wells-Bennik MH, Zwietering MH. Next generation microbiological risk assessment—Potential of omics data for hazard characterisation. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 287:28-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Bosch A, Gkogka E, Le Guyader FS, Loisy-Hamon F, Lee A, van Lieshout L, Marthi B, Myrmel M, Sansom A, Schultz AC, Winkler A, Zuber S, Phister T. Foodborne viruses: Detection, risk assessment, and control options in food processing. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 285:110-128. [PMID: 30075465 PMCID: PMC7132524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In a recent report by risk assessment experts on the identification of food safety priorities using the Delphi technique, foodborne viruses were recognized among the top rated food safety priorities and have become a greater concern to the food industry over the past few years. Food safety experts agreed that control measures for viruses throughout the food chain are required. However, much still needs to be understood with regard to the effectiveness of these controls and how to properly validate their performance, whether it is personal hygiene of food handlers or the effects of processing of at risk foods or the interpretation and action required on positive virus test result. This manuscript provides a description of foodborne viruses and their characteristics, their responses to stress and technologies developed for viral detection and control. In addition, the gaps in knowledge and understanding, and future perspectives on the application of viral detection and control strategies for the food industry, along with suggestions on how the food industry could implement effective control strategies for viruses in foods. The current state of the science on epidemiology, public health burden, risk assessment and management options for viruses in food processing environments will be highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Bosch
- University of Barcelona, Enteric Virus Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, and Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Diagonal 643, 8028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Elissavet Gkogka
- Arla Innovation Centre, Arla R&D, Agro Food Park 19, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark,.
| | - Françoise S Le Guyader
- IFREMER, Environment and Microbiology Laboratory, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21103, 44311 Nantes, France.
| | - Fabienne Loisy-Hamon
- bioMérieux, Centre Christophe Mérieux, 5 rue des berges, 38025 Grenoble, France.
| | - Alvin Lee
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Moffett Campus, 6502 South Archer Road, 60501-1957 Bedford Park, IL, United States.
| | - Lilou van Lieshout
- The International Life Sciences Institute, Av. E. Mounier 83/B.6, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Balkumar Marthi
- Unilever R&D Vlaardingen, Olivier van Noortlaan 120, 3133 AT Vlaardingen, The Netherlands; DaQsh Consultancy Services, 203, Laxmi Residency, Kothasalipeta, Visakhapatnam 530 002, India
| | - Mette Myrmel
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, P.O. Box 8146, 0033 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Annette Sansom
- Campden BRI Group, Station Road, Chipping Campden, GL55 6LD Gloucestershire, United Kingdom.
| | - Anna Charlotte Schultz
- National Food Institute Technical University of Denmark, Mørkhøj Bygade 19, Building H, Room 204, 2860 Søborg, Denmark.
| | - Anett Winkler
- Cargill Deutschland GmbH, Cerestarstr. 2, 47809 Krefeld, Germany.
| | - Sophie Zuber
- Nestlé Research Centre, Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Science, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Box 44, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Trevor Phister
- PepsiCo Europe, Beaumont Park 4, Leycroft Road, LE4 1ET Leicester, United Kingdom.
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Cocolin L, Mataragas M, Bourdichon F, Doulgeraki A, Pilet MF, Jagadeesan B, Rantsiou K, Phister T. Next generation microbiological risk assessment meta-omics: The next need for integration. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 287:10-17. [PMID: 29157743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of a multi-omics approach has provided a new approach to the investigation of microbial communities allowing an integration of data, which can be used to better understand the behaviour of and interactions between community members. Metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metabolomics have the potential of producing a large amount of data in a very short time, however an important challenge is how to exploit and interpret these data to assist risk managers in food safety and quality decisions. This can be achieved by integrating multi-omics data in microbiological risk assessment. In this paper we identify limitations and challenges of the multi-omics approach, underlining promising potentials, but also identifying gaps, which should be addressed for its full exploitation. A view on how this new way of investigation will impact the traditional microbiology schemes in the food industry is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cocolin
- University of Torino, Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Largo Braccini 95, 10095 Grugliasco, Torino, Italy.
| | - Marios Mataragas
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization "DIMITRA", Institute of Agricultural Products Technology, Milk Department, Ethnikis Antistaseos 3, 45221 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Francois Bourdichon
- Groupe Danone, Food Safety@DANONE, 17 Boulevard Haussmann, 75009 Paris, France
| | - Agapi Doulgeraki
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, S. Venizelou 1, 14123 Lycovrissi, Greece
| | | | - Balamurugan Jagadeesan
- Nestec Ltd. (Nestlé Research Center), Route du Jorat 57, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, CH-1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Kalliopi Rantsiou
- University of Torino, Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Largo Braccini 95, 10095 Grugliasco, Torino, Italy
| | - Trevor Phister
- PepsiCo international, Global Microbiological Sciences, Beaumont Park, Leicester, LE4 1ET, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Contaminated fresh produce has been increasingly identified as a cause of foodborne illnesses. Because of concerns about pathogen growth on these food items at retail, the 2009 U.S. Food and Drug Administration Food Code established that cut leafy greens (lettuce, spinach, spring mix, cabbage, arugula, and kale) must have time and temperature controls for safety and hence should be kept at refrigerated temperatures (5°C or lower). The purpose of this study was to determine the temperature profiles of cut leafy greens in single-serving clamshell containers provided as part of the North Carolina School Lunch Program and to compare the two policies that North Carolina has in place to control the temperature of these products (the 3-day rule and time in lieu of temperature). Temperatures were recorded with data loggers in 24 schools during a 3-day period. In all cases, substantial temperature variability was found for these products, including temperatures above 5°C for at least 1 h on each of the 3 days. In some cases, temperatures reached above 5°C for more than 3 h throughout the serving time. The results demonstrate the importance of developing a protocol for continuous temperature monitoring of leafy greens served in school lunch programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M Thomas
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, USA.
| | - Benjamin Chapman
- Department of 4-H Youth Development and Family and Consumer Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, USA
| | - Lee-Ann Jaykus
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, USA
| | - Trevor Phister
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, USA; European Operations Team, PepsiCo International, Beaumont Park, 4 Leycroft Road, Leicester LE4 1ET, UK
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Cheung AWY, Brosnan JM, Phister T, Smart KA. Impact of dried, creamed and cake supply formats on the genetic variation and ethanol tolerance of three Saccharomyces cerevisiae distilling strains. J Inst Brew 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annie W. Y. Cheung
- Bioenergy and Brewing Science, School of Biosciences; University of Nottingham; Sutton Bonington Campus; Loughborough; Leics; LE12 5RD; UK
| | - James M. Brosnan
- The Scotch Whisky Research Institute; The Robertson Trust Building, Research Avenue North, Riccarton; Edinburgh; EH14 4AP; UK
| | - Trevor Phister
- Bioenergy and Brewing Science, School of Biosciences; University of Nottingham; Sutton Bonington Campus; Loughborough; Leics; LE12 5RD; UK
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Piškur J, Ling Z, Marcet-Houben M, Ishchuk OP, Aerts A, LaButti K, Copeland A, Lindquist E, Barry K, Compagno C, Bisson L, Grigoriev IV, Gabaldón T, Phister T. The genome of wine yeast Dekkera bruxellensis provides a tool to explore its food-related properties. Int J Food Microbiol 2012; 157:202-9. [PMID: 22663979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 05/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The yeast Dekkera/Brettanomyces bruxellensis can cause enormous economic losses in wine industry due to production of phenolic off-flavor compounds. D. bruxellensis is a distant relative of baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nevertheless, these two yeasts are often found in the same habitats and share several food-related traits, such as production of high ethanol levels and ability to grow without oxygen. In some food products, like lambic beer, D. bruxellensis can importantly contribute to flavor development. We determined the 13.4 Mb genome sequence of the D. bruxellensis strain Y879 (CBS2499) and deduced the genetic background of several "food-relevant" properties and evolutionary history of this yeast. Surprisingly, we find that this yeast is phylogenetically distant to other food-related yeasts and most related to Pichia (Komagataella) pastoris, which is an aerobic poor ethanol producer. We further show that the D. bruxellensis genome does not contain an excess of lineage specific duplicated genes nor a horizontally transferred URA1 gene, two crucial events that promoted the evolution of the food relevant traits in the S. cerevisiae lineage. However, D. bruxellensis has several independently duplicated ADH and ADH-like genes, which are likely responsible for metabolism of alcohols, including ethanol, and also a range of aromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jure Piškur
- Wine Research Centre, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia.
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Aguilar-Uscanga MG, Garcia-Alvarado Y, Gomez-Rodriguez J, Phister T, Delia ML, Strehaiano P. Modelling the growth and ethanol production of Brettanomyces bruxellensis at different glucose concentrations. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 53:141-9. [PMID: 21575020 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03081.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study the effect of glucose concentrations on the growth by Brettanomyces bruxellensis yeast strain in batch experiments and develop a mathematical model for kinetic behaviour analysis of yeast growing in batch culture. METHODS AND RESULTS A Matlab algorithm was developed for the estimation of model parameters. Glucose fermentation by B. bruxellensis was studied by varying its concentration (5, 9.3, 13.8, 16.5, 17.6 and 21.4%). The increase in substrate concentration up to a certain limit was accompanied by an increase in ethanol and biomass production; at a substrate concentration of 50-138 g l(-1), the ethanol and biomass production were 24, 59 and 6.3, 11.4 g l(-1), respectively. However, an increase in glucose concentration to 165 g l(-1) led to a drastic decrease in product formation and substrate utilization. CONCLUSIONS The model successfully simulated the batch kinetic observed in all cases. The confidence intervals were also estimated at each phase at a 0.95 probability level in a t-Student distribution for f degrees of freedom. The maximum ethanol and biomass yields were obtained with an initial glucose concentration of 138 g l(-1). SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY These experiments illustrate the importance of using a mathematical model applied to kinetic behaviour on glucose concentration by B. bruxellensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Aguilar-Uscanga
- Departamento Ing. Elétrica y Electrónica, Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Unidad de Invesitgación y Desarrollo en Alimentos, Veracruz, Ver, México.
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Lopez I, Ruiz-Larrea F, Cocolin L, Orr E, Phister T, Marshall M, VanderGheynst J, Mills DA. Design and evaluation of PCR primers for analysis of bacterial populations in wine by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 69:6801-7. [PMID: 14602643 PMCID: PMC262258 DOI: 10.1128/aem.69.11.6801-6807.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR-amplified ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is routinely used to compare levels of diversity of microbial communities and to monitor population dynamics. While using PCR-DGGE to examine the bacteria in wine fermentations, we noted that several commonly used PCR primers for amplifying bacterial 16S rDNA also coamplified yeast, fungal, or plant DNA present in samples. Unfortunately, amplification of nonbacterial DNA can result in a masking of bacterial populations in DGGE profiles. To surmount this problem, we developed two new primer sets for specific amplification of bacterial 16S rDNA in wine fermentation samples without amplification of eukaryotic DNA. One primer set, termed WLAB1 and WLAB2, amplified lactic acid bacteria, while another, termed WBAC1 and WBAC2, amplified both lactic acid bacterial and acetic acid bacterial populations found in wine. Primer specificity and efficacy were examined with DNA isolated from numerous bacterial, yeast, and fungal species commonly found in wine and must samples. Importantly, both primer sets effectively distinguished bacterial species in wine containing mixtures of yeast and bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Lopez
- Department of Food and Agriculture, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
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