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Jeong PS, Sim BW, Park SH, Kim MJ, Kang HG, Nanjidsuren T, Lee S, Song BS, Koo DB, Kim SU. Chaetocin Improves Pig Cloning Efficiency by Enhancing Epigenetic Reprogramming and Autophagic Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144836. [PMID: 32650566 PMCID: PMC7402317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient epigenetic reprogramming is crucial for the in vitro development of mammalian somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. The aberrant levels of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) is an epigenetic barrier. In this study, we evaluated the effects of chaetocin, an H3K9me3-specific methyltransferase inhibitor, on the epigenetic reprogramming and developmental competence of porcine SCNT embryos. The SCNT embryos showed abnormal levels of H3K9me3 at the pronuclear, two-cell, and four-cell stages compared to in vitro fertilized embryos. Moreover, the expression levels of H3K9me3-specific methyltransferases (suv39h1 and suv39h2) and DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3a, and DNMT3b) were higher in SCNT embryos. Treatment with 0.5 nM chaetocin for 24 h after activation significantly increased the developmental competence of SCNT embryos in terms of the cleavage rate, blastocyst formation rate, hatching rate, cell number, expression of pluripotency-related genes, and cell survival rate. In particular, chaetocin enhanced epigenetic reprogramming by reducing the H3K9me3 and 5-methylcytosine levels and restoring the abnormal expression of H3K9me3-specific methyltransferases and DNA methyltransferases. Chaetocin induced autophagic activity, leading to a significant reduction in maternal mRNA levels in embryos at the pronuclear and two-cell stages. These findings revealed that chaetocin enhanced the developmental competence of porcine SCNT embryos by regulating epigenetic reprogramming and autophagic activity and so could be used to enhance the production of transgenic pigs for biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pil-Soo Jeong
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38453, Korea
| | - Bo-Woong Sim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Hyo-Gu Kang
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Tsevelmaa Nanjidsuren
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Bong-Seok Song
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Deog-Bon Koo
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38453, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-B.K.); (S.-U.K.); Tel.: +82-43-240-6321 (S.-U.K.); Fax: +82-43-240-6309 (S.-U.K.)
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-B.K.); (S.-U.K.); Tel.: +82-43-240-6321 (S.-U.K.); Fax: +82-43-240-6309 (S.-U.K.)
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Jeong PS, Lee S, Park SH, Kim MJ, Kang HG, Nanjidsuren T, Son HC, Song BS, Koo DB, Sim BW, Kim SU. Butylparaben Is Toxic to Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Subsequent Embryonic Development Following In Vitro Fertilization. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103692. [PMID: 32456265 PMCID: PMC7279239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parabens are widely used in personal care products due to their antimicrobial effects. Although the toxicity of parabens has been reported, little information is available on the toxicity of butylparaben (BP) on oocyte maturation. Therefore, we investigated the effects of various concentrations of BP (0 μM, 100 μM, 200 μM, 300 μM, 400 μM, and 500 μM) on the in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes. BP supplementation at a concentration greater than 300 μM significantly reduced the proportion of complete cumulus cell expansion and metaphase II oocytes compared to the control. The 300 μM BP significantly decreased fertilization, cleavage, and blastocyst formation rates with lower total cell numbers and a higher rate of apoptosis in blastocysts compared to the control. The BP-treated oocytes showed significantly higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and lower glutathione (GSH) levels than the control. BP significantly increased the aberrant mitochondrial distribution and decreased mitochondrial function compared to the control. BP-treated oocytes exhibited significantly higher percentage of γ-H2AX, annexin V-positive oocytes and expression of LC3 than the control. In conclusion, we demonstrated that BP impaired oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development, by inducing ROS generation and reducing GSH levels. Furthermore, BP disrupted mitochondrial function and triggered DNA damage, early apoptosis, and autophagy in oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pil-Soo Jeong
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (S.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (H.-C.S.); (B.-S.S.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38453, Korea;
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (S.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (H.-C.S.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (S.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (H.-C.S.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (S.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (H.-C.S.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Hyo-Gu Kang
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (S.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (H.-C.S.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Tsevelmaa Nanjidsuren
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (S.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (H.-C.S.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Hee-Chang Son
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (S.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (H.-C.S.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Bong-Seok Song
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (S.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (H.-C.S.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Deog-Bon Koo
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38453, Korea;
| | - Bo-Woong Sim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (S.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (H.-C.S.); (B.-S.S.)
- Correspondence: (B.-W.S.); (S.-U.K.); Tel.: +82-43-240-6321 (S.-U.K.); Fax: +82-43-240-6309 (S.-U.K.)
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (S.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (H.-C.S.); (B.-S.S.)
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.-W.S.); (S.-U.K.); Tel.: +82-43-240-6321 (S.-U.K.); Fax: +82-43-240-6309 (S.-U.K.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsevelmaa Nanjidsuren
- Animal Biotechnology, Graduate School of Future Convergence Technology, Institute of Genetic Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Won Park
- Animal Biotechnology, Graduate School of Future Convergence Technology, Institute of Genetic Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Woong Sim
- National Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- National Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Tae Chang
- National Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hwa Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Sik Min
- Animal Biotechnology, Graduate School of Future Convergence Technology, Institute of Genetic Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
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Nanjidsuren T, Min KS. The transcription factor Ap-1 regulates monkey 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase promoter activity in CHO cells. BMC Biotechnol 2014; 14:71. [PMID: 25073972 PMCID: PMC4118612 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-14-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Monkey 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD) is a catabolic enzyme responsible for converting progesterone into biologically inactive 20α-hydroxyprogesterone, thereby playing a key role in the estrous cycle or pregnancy and allowing ovulation and parturition to occur in most mammalian animals. Monkey 20α-HSD was highly abundant in ovarian and placental tissues during the pre-ovulation and pre-parturition phase and was primarily localized in the syncytiotrophoblast of the placenta. In this study, we focused on the molecular characterization of the monkey 20α-HSD promoter region by conducting reporter assays in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) K1 cells. Results A reporter assay using constructs of various lengths of the 5′-flanking region (-890-Luc, -513-Luc, -306-Luc, -273-Luc, and -70-Luc) revealed that a region corresponding to the activator protein 1 (Ap-1) located between -281 and -274 bp was essential for the transcriptional activity. Absence of the Ap-1 site in -273-Luc dramatically decreased the transcription levels to the control levels. When the reporter constructs were co-transfected with Ap-1 (Jun) and specificity protein (Sp-1) genes, the transcription activities of the constructs increased with the exception of -273 and -70, while that of the double construct was reduced compared to that of Ap-1 alone. Furthermore, mutational analysis demonstrated that a putative Ap-1 site played an important role in the expression of the reporter gene. These findings were confirmed by EMSA examining the interactions of the protein Ap-1 in a nuclear extract from CHO-K1 cells and the expression levels of the Ap-1 transcription factor in pre-parturition placenta and CHO-K1 cells. Although mut-1 and mut-2 of Ap-1 bound with nuclear extracts from CHO-K1 cells, the transcriptional activity of mut-3 was almost completely suppressed. Conclusions Our results indicate that the Ap-1 site (-281 → -274) (5′-TGTCTCAT-3′) plays a crucial role in the activation of the monkey 20α-HSD gene. Thus, we demonstrated that monkey 20α-HSD promoter activity is regulated by the transcription factor Ap-1 in CHO-K1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kwan-Sik Min
- Animal Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bio and Information Technology, Institute of Genetic Engineering, Hankyong National University, Ansung 456-749, Republic of Korea.
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Nanjidsuren T, Yun S, Park C, Kim M, Kang M, Min K. Expression and localization of 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD) in porcine reproductive tissues during pregnancy. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 148:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Park C, Nanjidsuren T, Kim M, Seo E, Hong S, Kang M, Kim D, Min K. Expression and activity of single‐chain recombinant eel follicle stimulating hormone in mammalian cells (792.2). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.792.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chae‐Won Park
- Animal Biotechnology Hankyong National UniversityAnseongRepublic of Korea
| | | | - Min‐Su Kim
- Animal Biotechnology Hankyong National UniversityAnseongRepublic of Korea
| | - Eun‐Bi Seo
- Animal Biotechnology Hankyong National UniversityAnseongRepublic of Korea
| | - Sun‐Mi Hong
- Gyeongbuk Institute for Marine Bio‐industry GyeongbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Myung‐Hwa Kang
- Food and Nutritiion Hoseo UniversityAsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Dae‐Jung Kim
- New Strategy Research Center National Fisheries Research & Development InstituteBUSANRepublic of Korea
| | - Kwan‐Sik Min
- Animal Biotechnology Hankyong National UniversityAnseongRepublic of Korea
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Min K, Nanjidsuren T, Park C, Seo E, Kang M. GRK5 knockout mice created by TALEN‐mediated gene targeting (576.2). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.576.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwan‐Sik Min
- Animal Biotechnology Hankyong National UniversityAnseongRepublic of Korea
| | | | - Chae‐Won Park
- Animal Biotechnology Hankyong National UniversityAnseongRepublic of Korea
| | - Eun‐Bi Seo
- Animal Biotechnology Hankyong National UniversityAnseongRepublic of Korea
| | - Myung‐Hwa Kang
- Dept. of Food and Nutrition Hoseo UniversityAsanRepublic of Korea
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MIN K, Nanjidsuren T, Park C. Expression of 20[alpha] HSD in porcine ovary and placenta during early pregnancy. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1033.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwan‐Sik MIN
- Animal BiotechnologyHankyong National UniversityAnsungRepublic of Korea
| | | | - Chae‐Won Park
- Animal BiotechnologyHankyong National UniversityAnsungRepublic of Korea
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Nanjidsuren T, Naidansuren P, Park CW, Park JJ, Yun SJ, Sim BW, Kang MH, Lee SR, Chang KT, Min KS. Expression and localization of the 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) enzyme in the reproductive tissues of the cynomolgus monkey Macaca fascicularis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 127:337-44. [PMID: 21831350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to characterize and functionally analyze the monkey 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD) in the ovary, placenta, and oviduct. We focused on 20α-HSD mRNA expression and protein localization in monkey reproductive tissues and the molecular characterization of the promoter region. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) monkey 20α-HSD mRNA was more strongly detected in the ovary at pre-ovulation than in the placenta and oviduct at pre-parturition. The mRNA was approximately 1.2kb in size and the expression was high in the ovary, which was the same as the RT-PCR result. We also produced His tagged 20α-HSD proteins by using an Escherichia coli expression system. In a western blot for the 20α-HSD protein, only 1 band of approximately 37-kDa was detected in the ovary, oviduct tissue, and recombinant protein produced in the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line. However, in the placenta, additional 2 bands (35 and 39 kDa) were detected. Immunohistochemical analyses suggested that the monkey 20α-HSD protein was localized mainly in the syncytiotrophoblast of the placenta and the isthmus cells of the oviduct. According to promoter analyses with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene, the monkey 20α-HSD promoter was efficiently expressed in the CHO-K1 cell line; however, the promoter was not expressed in bovine fetal fibroblast (bFF) cell. Taken together, our study showed that the 20α-HSD mRNA and protein are coordinately expressed in the ovary at pre-ovulation and in the placenta and oviduct at pre-parturition. Therefore, monkey 20α-HSD in the placenta, ovary and oviduct plays an important role in the estrous cycle, pregnancy, and parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsevelmaa Nanjidsuren
- Animal Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bio and Information Technology, Institute of Genetic Engineering, Hankyong National University, Ansung 456-749, Republic of Korea
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