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Tsai MH, Chen CL, Chang HJ, Chuang TC, Chiu CH. Antimicrobial activity of eravacycline and other comparative agents on aerobic and anaerobic bacterial pathogens in Taiwan: A clinical microbiological study. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2024; 37:93-99. [PMID: 38552878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Eravacycline, a new tetracycline derivative, exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial susceptibility. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate in vitro activities of eravacycline, tigecycline, and ertapenem against various Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria. METHODS Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using the broth microdilution method. The following bacterial species were collected: vancomycin-sensitive (VS) Enterococci species, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci species (VRE), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus anginosus, Bacteroides species, Clostridioides difficile, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium perfringens, Parabacteroides distasonis, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. RESULTS We found that eravacycline exhibited superior in vitro activity compared to tigecycline and ertapenem. Notably, it exhibited the lowest MIC90 for several bacterial species, including VS E. faecalis (0.12 µg/mL), VS E. faecium (0.12 µg/mL), and others. Besides, VRE was susceptible to eravacycline (MIC90:0.12 µg/mL) and tigecycline (MIC90:0.12 µg/mL), but was all resistant to ertapenem (MIC90 > 64 µg/mL). S. aureus was also susceptible to eravacycline (MIC90:0.5 µg/mL) as well as tigecycline (MIC90:1.0 µg/mL). Furthermore, S. anginosus showed higher susceptibility to eravacycline (MIC90:2.0 µg/mL) and tigecycline (MIC90:4.0 µg/mL), but lower to ertapenem (MIC90:32.0 µg/mL). Eravacycline and tigecycline also demonstrated good susceptibility to anaerobes, including Bacteroides species (susceptibility rate: 100%), P. distasonis (100%), C. difficile (94.1‒100%), C. innocuum (94.1‒96.1%), and C. perfringens (88.9‒96.3%). For S. maltophilia, both tigecycline and eravacycline showed an MIC90 of 2 µg/mL. A moderate-to-strong correlation (rho = 0.608-0.804, P < 0.001) was noted between the MIC values of eravacycline and tigecycline against various bacterial species. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the potential of eravacycline as an effective treatment option for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Han Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chyi-Liang Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ju Chang
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Chuang
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chiu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Lin C, Chen YC, Chuang TC, Chiang MC, Chiu CH. Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) specific antibodies and T-cell immunity response in pregnant women and neonates. Pediatr Neonatol 2023; 64:627-628. [PMID: 37280123 PMCID: PMC10202892 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chih Lin
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chen
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Chuang
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chou Chiang
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chiu
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Chen YC, Le PH, Wang YH, Chuang TC, Yeh YM, Chiu CT, Chiu CH. Gut Colonization and Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea by Clostridium innocuum in Children and Adults. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76:369-371. [PMID: 36029096 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ching Chen
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Puo-Hsien Le
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Wang
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Chuang
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ming Yeh
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tang Chiu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chiu
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Chuang CH, Huang CG, Huang CT, Chen YC, Kung YA, Chen CJ, Chuang TC, Liu CC, Huang PW, Yang SL, Gu PW, Shih SR, Chiu CH. Titers and breadth of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants after heterologous booster vaccination in health care workers primed with two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19: A single-blinded, randomized clinical trial. J Clin Virol 2022; 157:105328. [PMID: 36399969 PMCID: PMC9651991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2022.105328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We conducted a single-blinded, randomized trial to evaluate the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of heterologous booster vaccination in health care workers (HCW) who had received two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19. METHODS HCW who had at least 90 days after the second dose were enrolled to receive one of the four vaccines: BNT162b2 (30 μg), half-dose mRNA-1273 (50 μg), mRNA-1273 (100 μg), and MVC-COV1901 (15 μg). The primary outcomes were humoral and cellular immunogenicity and secondary outcomes assessed safety and reactogenicity at 28 days post-booster. RESULTS MVC-COV1901 Three hundred and forty HCW were enrolled: 83 received BNT162b2 (2 excluded), 85 half-dose mRNA-1273, 85 mRNA-1273, and 85 MVC-COV1901. mRNA vaccines had more reactogenicity than protein vaccine. The fold-rise of anti-spike IgG geometric mean titer was 8.4 (95% CI 6.8-10.4) for MVC-COV1901, 32.2 (27.2-38.1) for BNT162b2, 47.6 (40.8-55.6) for half-dose mRNA-1273 and 63.2 (53.6-74.6) for mRNA-1273. The live virus microneutralization assays (LVMNA) against the wild type, alpha and delta variants were consistent with anti-spike IgG for all booster vaccines. The LVMNA in the four groups against omicron BA.1 variant were 6.4 to 13.5 times lower than those against the wild type. All booster vaccines induced a comparable T cell response. CONCLUSIONS Third dose booster not only increases neutralizing antibody titer but also enhances antibody breadth against SARS-CoV-2 variants. mRNA vaccines are preferred booster vaccines for those who received primary series of ChAdOx1 nCov-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsien Chuang
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Department of Pediatrics, St. Paul's Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Guei Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Tai Huang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chen
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-An Kung
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Chen
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Chuang
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chi Liu
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wei Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Ru Shih
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chiu
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Corresponding author at: Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.5, Fu-Hsin Street, Kweishan 333, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Chen HC, Chiou HYC, Tsai ML, Chen SC, Lin MH, Chuang TC, Hung CH, Kuo CH. Effects of Montelukast on Arsenic-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and the Role of Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:877125. [PMID: 35517780 PMCID: PMC9063880 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.877125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of airway lung epithelial cells is considered a major driver of fibrosis and airway remodeling. Arsenic exposure is well known to cause the malignant transformation of cells, including those in the lung. Accumulating studies have shown that arsenic exposure is associated with chronic pulmonary diseases. However, clinical treatment for arsenic-induced pulmonary damage has not been well investigated. Materials and Methods: The therapeutic effects of montelukast and its combination with fluticasone on sodium arsenite-induced EMT changes in normal human bronchial cells were investigated. The cell migration ability was evaluated by Transwell and wound healing assays. EMT marker expression was determined by immunoblotting. Furthermore, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in arsenic-induced EMT and the effect of montelukast on this process were determined by ROS inhibitor treatment and ROS measurement, respectively. Results: Montelukast was effective at reducing arsenic-induced cell migration and mesenchymal protein (fibronectin, MMP-2, N-cadherin, β-catenin, and SMAD2/3) expression. Arsenic-induced ROS production was attenuated by pretreatment with montelukast. Treatment with the ROS inhibitor N-acetyl cysteine reduced arsenic-induced NF-kB phosphorylation and the mesenchymal protein expression, indicating that ROS production is critical for arsenic-induced EMT. In addition, combined treatment with montelukast and fluticasone reversed the inhibitory effects of montelukast on cell migration. The expression of fibronectin, MMP-2 induced by arsenic was further enhanced by the combination treatment compared with montelukast treatment only. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that montelukast is effective at reducing arsenic-induced EMT in human bronchial epithelial cells. Through the inhibition of arsenic-induced ROS generation and NF-kB activation, which is critical for arsenic-induced EMT, montelukast inhibited arsenic-induced cell migration and the expression of extracellular matrix proteins and several EMT-regulating transcription factors. The combination of fluticasone with montelukast reversed the inhibitory effect of montelukast on arsenic-induced EMT. This study provides therapeutic strategies and mechanisms for arsenic-induced pulmonary epithelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang-Chi Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ying Clair Chiou
- Teaching and Research Center, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lan Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,M.Sc. Program in Tropical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Chuang
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Lai PH, Chang HC, Chuang TC, Chung HW, Li JY, Weng MJ, Fu JH, Wang PC, Li SC, Pan HB. Susceptibility-weighted imaging in patients with pyogenic brain abscesses at 1.5T: characteristics of the abscess capsule. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 33:910-4. [PMID: 22282449 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE SWI is a high-resolution 3D, fully velocity-compensated gradient-echo sequence that uses both magnitude and phase data. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phase behavior of the capsule of pyogenic brain abscesses with noncontrast SWI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen patients with pyogenic brain abscesses were studied at 1.5T. In all of the patients, SWI images were obtained and reviewed in addition to conventional MR images. Phase values within the abscess capsule were measured and compared with those from the abscess cavities and contralateral normal white matter using 1-way repeated measures ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni analysis. RESULTS SWI phase images showed mild hypointesity in 6 patients, isointensity in 3 patients, and mixed iso- to mild hypointensity in 5 patients. The means of phase in the cavity, rim of abscesses, and contralateral normal white matter were -7.552 × 10(-3) ± 0.024, -0.105 ± 0.080, and +0.029 ± 0.011 radians, respectively. Post hoc comparisons showed significant differences between any pair of the 3 regions (abscess cavity, rim capsule, and normal white matter) in SWI (all Ps < .005). CONCLUSIONS SWI phase imaging shows evidence of paramagnetic substances in agreement with the presence of free radicals from phagocytosis. SWI may provide additional information valuable in the characterization of pyogenic brain abscesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Lai
- Department of Radiology, Veterans General Hospital-Kaohsiung, 386 Ta-Chung First Rd., Kaohsiung, Taiwan 813, Republic of China.
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Ho TC, Chuang TC, Chelluri S, Lee Y, Hopper JR. Simultaneous capture of metal, sulfur and chlorine by sorbents during fluidized bed incineration. Waste Manag 2001; 21:435-441. [PMID: 11280984 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-053x(00)00135-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Metal capture experiments were carried out in an atmospheric fluidized bed incinerator to investigate the effect of sulfur and chlorine on metal capture efficiency and the potential for simultaneous capture of metal, sulfur and chlorine by sorbents. In addition to experimental investigation, the effect of sulfur and chlorine on the metal capture process was also theoretically investigated through performing equilibrium calculations based on the minimization of system free energy. The observed results have indicated that, in general, the existence of sulfur and chlorine enhances the efficiency of metal capture especially at low to medium combustion temperatures. The capture mechanisms appear to include particulate scrubbing and chemisorption depending on the type of sorbents. Among the three sorbents tested, calcined limestone is capable of capturing all the three air pollutants simultaneously. The results also indicate that a mixture of the three sorbents, in general, captures more metals than a single sorbent during the process. In addition, the existence of sulfur and chlorine apparently enhances the metal capture process.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lamar University, PO Box 10053, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA.
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Irish JC, Chuang TC. Case of bilateral laryngoceles: implications for surgical management. J Otolaryngol 2000; 29:260-3. [PMID: 11003083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J C Irish
- Department of Otolaryngology, Toronto General Hospital, Ontario
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9
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Chuang TC, Chang JM, Hwang SJ, Hsiao PJ, Lai YH. A patient of primary hyperparathyroidism with full-blown bone changes simulating malignancy. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 1998; 14:584-9. [PMID: 9796203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The two most common causes of hypercalcemia are malignancy and primary hyperparathyroidism (1 degree HPT). The radiographic presentations and the histological findings on bone biopsy are important for differential diagnosis of underlying diseases. We report a patient with hypercalcemia who presented unusual bone manifestations. A 43 y/o woman was admitted due to right femoral fracture. X-ray on the right tibia revealed several osteolytic cystic lesions with sclerotic rims. Blood biochemistry showed anemia, impaired renal function and hypercalcemia. Multiple osteolytic lesions on the skull and bilateral forearms were also noted. Malignancy, such as multiple myeloma or metastatic cancer was suspected. However, this was excluded because of the absence of M-component on serum protein electrophoresis and the negative finding of plasma cells or other malignant cell on bone biopsy examination. Abdominal sonography demonstrated bilateral medullary nephrocalcinosis. The final diagnosis of 1 degree HPT was made, based on the findings of classic pathological pictures (brown tumor) and the markedly elevated intact parathyroid hormone (1267.4 pg/ml) level. Sonography on the neck and 201Tl/99mTc parathyroid subtraction scan localized a left lower parathyroid tumor and fine needle aspiration confirmed the parathyroid origin. Diagnosis of 1 degree HPT could only be made from recurrent urolithiasis and X-ray picture of osteitis fibrosa cystica in the past. This patient presented the full-blown skeletal changes which are uncommonly seen nowadays. The characteristic sclerotic rims suggesting increased bone formation provides a further important clue for differential diagnosis of 1 degree HPT from other malignancies with osteolytic bone lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Chuang
- Department of Medicine, Ping-Tung Provincial Hospital, Republic of China
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10
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Abstract
A new cationic liposome formulation of sphingosine (SP) and dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) was developed as an efficient transfection reagent. This SP/DOPE liposome showed efficient transfection in a wide variety of mammalian cancer cells. No significant cytotoxicity of the SP/DOPE liposome to cells was observed. The tranfection activity was greater than that of a well-reported liposome which was made from a cholesterol derivative 3beta-[N-(N',N'-dimethylaminoethane)-carbamoyl] cholesterol (DC-Chol) and the neutral lipid DOPE. In addition, the SP/DOPE liposome was found to be less toxic to cells than the DC-Chol/DOPE liposome. Stable transfections mediated by SP/ DOPE liposome were also demonstrated. These results suggest that the SP/DOPE liposome may provide a good gene delivery system to be used in the human cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Kao
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, P.O. Box 90048-501, Taipei, 100, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Kao MC, Liu GY, Chuang TC, Lin YS, Wuu JA, Law SL. The N-terminal 178-amino-acid domain only of the SV40 large T antigen acts as a transforming suppressor of the HER-2/neu oncogene. Oncogene 1998; 16:547-54. [PMID: 9484845 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1201513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The deregulation of the HER-2/neu protooncogene was demonstrated in a wide variety of human cancers and shown to be correlated with the progress of malignancy and metastasis in animal models. Repression of HER-2/neu overexpression suppressed the malignant phenotypes of HER-2/neu-overexpressing cancer cells. This suggested that HER-2/neu may be a good target for developing anti-cancer drugs. We found a deletion mutant of simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen (LT) suppresses the HER-2/neu oncogene expression at the transcriptional level. PCR clones of this mutant SV40LT, named LT425, which contains the N-terminal region of amino acid residues 1-178 of SV40LT, were subcloned and stably transfected into the HER-2/neu-overexpressing human ovarian cancer SKOV3.ip1 cells. These LT425 clones were found to be able to down-regulate the endogenous production of p185(HER-2/neu). In addition, the LT425-expressing stable transfectants showed reduced growth rate, low soft agarose colony forming ability, and low tumorigenic potential as compared with the parental line. These data suggested that the N-terminal 178 amino acids domain only of SV40LT may act as a transforming repressor of HER-2/neu oncogene.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Antigens, Viral, Tumor/chemistry
- Antigens, Viral, Tumor/genetics
- Base Sequence
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Genes, Tumor Suppressor/genetics
- Genes, Tumor Suppressor/physiology
- Genetic Vectors
- Humans
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Peptide Fragments/chemistry
- Peptide Fragments/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Transfection
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Kao
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Chin DH, Tseng MC, Chuang TC, Hong MC. Chromatographic and spectroscopic assignment of thiol induced cycloaromatizations of enediyne in neocarzinostatin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1997; 1336:43-50. [PMID: 9271249 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4165(97)00008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Neocarzinostatin is an enediyne antitumor antibiotic. Upon attack by a thiol, the enediyne nucleus is cycloaromatized into two stable 1:1 thiol adducts. After analyzing products from various thiols, the chromatographic and spectroscopic characters that associate only with the cyclized aromatic moiety from enediyne nucleus were assigned. Based on HPLC analysis we have derived, products from picomole ranges of the drug sample can be detected. Confirming the type of cycloaromatization at nanomole ranges can be achieved by photodiode array UV spectroscopy. Three-dimensional fluorogram presents ten times more sensitive identification. The method provides a sensitive tool for massive screening study in microscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Chin
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan, ROC.
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Reitmair AH, Redston M, Cai JC, Chuang TC, Bjerknes M, Cheng H, Hay K, Gallinger S, Bapat B, Mak TW. Spontaneous intestinal carcinomas and skin neoplasms in Msh2-deficient mice. Cancer Res 1996; 56:3842-9. [PMID: 8706033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is associated with defects in DNA mismatch repair. Here, we characterize tumor susceptibility of the recently described Msh2-deficient mouse model. Within the first year of observation, all homozygous mice succumbed to disease, with lymphomas observed in at least 80% of the cases. The majority (70%) of animals 6 months or older developed intestinal neoplasms associated with APC inactivation. Microsatellite instability was more common in carcinomas than in adenomas, but uncommon in normal tissues. Some animals (7%) developed a variety of skin neoplasms analogous to the Muir-Torre syndrome. Msh2-/- mice implicate a direct role for mismatch repair in several neoplasms with striking phenotypic similarities to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Reitmair
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Ontario Cancer Institute/Amgen Institute, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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