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Nejthardt MB, Alexandris P, Bechan S, Bijli MFA, Chetty S, Dippenaar JM, Gibbs M, Johnson M, Kluyts H, Llewellyn R, Motiang M, Mogane P, Motshabi P, Mrara B, Roodt F, Singh U, Spijkerman S, Turton E, Van der Westhuizen J, Biccard B. The development of a nurse-led preoperative anaesthesia screening tool by Delphi consensus. S Afr Med J 2024; 114:e1306. [PMID: 38525581 DOI: 10.7196/samj.2024.v114i2.1306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low- and middle-income countries have a critical shortage of specialist anaesthetists. Most patients arriving for surgery are of low perioperative risk. Without immediate access to preoperative specialist care, an appropriate interim strategy may be to ensure that only high-risk patients are seen preoperatively by a specialist. Matching human resources to the burden of disease with a nurse-administered pre-operative screening tool to identify high-risk patients who might benefit from specialist review prior to the day of surgery may be an effective strategy. OBJECTIVE To develop a nurse-administered preoperative anaesthesia screening tool to identify patients who would most likely benefit from a specialist review before the day of surgery, and those patients who could safely be seen by the anaesthetist on the day of surgery. This would ensure adequate time for optimisation of high-risk patients preoperatively and limit avoidable day-of-surgery cancellations. METHODS A systematic review was conducted to identify preoperative screening questions for use in a three-round Delphi consensus process. A panel of 16 experienced full-time clinical anaesthetists representing all university-affiliated anaesthesia departments in South Africa participated to define a nurses' screening tool for preoperative assessment. RESULTS Ninety-eight studies were identified, which generated 79 questions. An additional 14 items identified by the facilitators were added to create a list of 93 questions for the first round. The final screening tool consisted of 81 questions, of which 37 were deemed critical to identify patients who should be seen by a specialist prior to the day of surgery. CONCLUSION A structured nurse-administered preoperative screening tool is proposed to identify high-risk patients who are likely to benefit from a timely preoperative specialist anaesthetist review to avoid cancellation on the day of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Nejthardt
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - P Alexandris
- Department of Anaesthesia, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa.
| | - S Bechan
- Discipline of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Albert Luthuli Academic Hospital, Durban, South Africa.
| | - M F A Bijli
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - S Chetty
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - J M Dippenaar
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - M Gibbs
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - M Johnson
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - H Kluyts
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - R Llewellyn
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - M Motiang
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - P Mogane
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Anaesthesia, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Soweto, South Africa.
| | - P Motshabi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Anaesthesia, Charlotte Maxeke Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - B Mrara
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa.
| | - F Roodt
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; George Provincial Hospital, George, South Africa.
| | - U Singh
- Discipline of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Albert Luthuli Academic Hospital, Durban, South Africa.
| | - S Spijkerman
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - E Turton
- Department of Anaesthesia, University of the Free State, Universitas Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
| | - J Van der Westhuizen
- Department of Anaesthesia, University of the Free State, Universitas Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
| | - B Biccard
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Darban Z, Singh H, Singh U, Bhatia D, Gaur R, Kuddushi M, Dhanka M, Shahabuddin S. β-Carotene laden antibacterial and antioxidant gelatin/polyglyceryl stearate nano-hydrogel system for burn wound healing application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128019. [PMID: 37952802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, burn wounds are severe health issues prone to bacterial infections and challenging to treat with traditional wound dressings. Therefore, a highly desirable biological macromolecules-based wound dressing with good antioxidant, antibacterial, biocompatible, and a large surface area is required. Herein, aim to develop a biological macromolecules-based physically cross-linked gelatin/polyglyceryl stearate/graphene oxide (GPGO) hydrogel to treat burn wounds. Four sets of hydrogels were prepared by varying GO concentrations. FT-IR, FE-SEM, viscosity analysis, mechanical and thermal stability confirmed the successful preparation of hydrogels with desired properties. Further, β-carotene (0.5 mg/mL) was encapsulated in hydrogels to enhance the antioxidant activity, and a cumulative release as well as kinetics at pH 6.4 and 7.4 was performed. With an increase in GO concentration, hydrogels showed sustained release of β-carotene. Among all, GPGO-3 β hydrogel showed the highest antioxidant potency (57.75 %), hemocompatible (<5 %), cytocompatible (viable with NIH 3T3 cells), cell migration, proliferation, and in vitro wound healing. Also, GPGO-3 β hydrogel showed efficient antibacterial activity (%inhibition of 85.5 % and 80.2 % and zone of 11 mm and 9.8 mm against S. aureus and E. coli). These results demonstrated the ability of GPGO-3 β hydrogel as a promising candidate for burn wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenab Darban
- Department of Chemistry, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gujarat 382426, India
| | - Hemant Singh
- Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Udisha Singh
- Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Rama Gaur
- Department of Chemistry, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gujarat 382426, India.
| | - Muzammil Kuddushi
- Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Mukesh Dhanka
- Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.
| | - Syed Shahabuddin
- Department of Chemistry, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gujarat 382426, India.
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Singh U, Suresh K, Prabhat P, Rahaman W, Kumar A. Geochemical tracing of synoptic scale modern dust transport over the Northeast Arabian Sea during the southwest monsoon. Sci Total Environ 2023:164438. [PMID: 37247736 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
During the Southwest monsoon (SWM), aeolian dust is mainly supplied via wet deposition over the north-eastern Arabian Sea (NEAS). To understand their impact on the biogeochemistry of the Arabian Sea, it is important to identify their sources and characteristics. In this context, wet deposit particulate (WDP) samples were collected at a coastal station (Goa; 15.4° N, 73.8° E) in the NEAS during the SWM for three years. These samples were used to characterize and identify mineral dust sources using mineralogical, elemental, and isotopic (Sr and Nd) signatures. The WDP samples were classified as Beginning of Monsoon (BM, June samples), Mid Monsoon (MM, July-August samples) and End of Monsoon (EM, September samples). Clay mineralogical composition indicate high palygorskite content during BM, which subsequently found to decrease in MM, and almost negligible in EM. However, smectite is highest during MM, with moderate presence of palygorskite during this period. The considerable variation in the relative percentages of clay minerals suggests significant temporal variability in dust sources which is further corroborated by the radiogenic isotopic composition. A strong seasonality in the isotopic composition is observed with 87Sr/86Sr ratio being relatively less radiogenic during MM than the BM and highly radiogenic at the EM. Whereas ƐNd values show an opposite trend to 87Sr/86Sr ratios throughout the monsoon, with more radiogenic ƐNd in the MM, and less radiogenic at the EM. End member mixing plot indicate dominant contribution of dust from the Arabian Peninsula (ARB) and Northeast African (NEA) sources during BM and MM, while a shift towards the Thar desert and Southwest Asian (SWA) sources at the EM. Trace elements associated with different sources were quantified and suggest high Fe concentration is associated with NEA dust sources, despite of ARB is the major supplier of aeolian dust to the Arabian Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udisha Singh
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - K Suresh
- Physical Research Laboratory, Department of Space, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Priyesh Prabhat
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Goa, India
| | - Waliur Rahaman
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Goa, India
| | - Ashwini Kumar
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Hivare P, Singh U, Mujmer K, Gupta S, Bhatia D. Red emitting fluorescent carbon nanoparticles to track spatio-temporal dynamics of endocytic pathways in model neuroblastoma neurons. Nanoscale 2023; 15:1154-1171. [PMID: 36413203 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03800e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges limiting the biological applications of fluorescent carbon-based nanoparticles is their capacity to emit in the red region of the spectrum and simultaneously maintaining the smaller size. These two parameters always go in inverse proportion, thus lagging their applications in biological imaging. Endocytic pathways play important roles in regulating major cellular functions such as cellular differentiation. The Spatio-temporal dynamics of endocytic pathways adopted by various ligands (including nanoparticles) over longer durations in cellular differentiation remain unstudied. Here we have used red-emitting fluorescent carbon nanoparticles to study the endocytic pathways in neuronal cells at different stages of differentiation. These small-sized, bright, red-emitting carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) can be internalized by live cells and imaged for extended periods, thus capturing the Spatio-temporal dynamics of endocytic pathways in model SH-SY5Y derived neuroblastoma neurons. We find that these nanoparticles are preferably taken up via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and follow the classical recycling pathways at all the stages of neuronal differentiation. These nanoparticles hold immense potential for their size, composition, surface and fluorescence tunability, thus maximizing their applications in spatio-temporally tracking multiple cellular pathways in cells and tissues simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Hivare
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.
| | - Udisha Singh
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.
| | - Kratika Mujmer
- Center for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Sharad Gupta
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
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Singh U, Kishun J, Kumar A, Singh U, Kumar S, Kapoor V, Mishra P. Determinants of Duration of the First Birth Interval Using the Semi-parametric Survival Model in Uttar Pradesh, India: Evidence from NFHS – 5 (2019-2021). J EPIDEMIOL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023. [DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2023.08.01.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
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Chavda J, Chavda V, Janaagal A, Singh U, Bhatia D, Gupta I. Meso-functionalized BODIPYs: Synthesis, molecular docking and photodynamic efficiency on breast cancer cells. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2022. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424623500086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Suresh K, Singh U, Jha AK, Matta VM, Sudheer AK, Kumar A. Assessment of aeolian dust concentration, elemental composition, and their wet and dry deposition fluxes over the Northeast Arabian Sea. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2022; 72:1161-1173. [PMID: 35829633 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2022.2100509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric aerosol over the Arabian Sea is significantly impacted by the long-range transported mineral dust from the surrounding continents. This transported mineral dust is hypothesized and tested during several studies to see the impacts on the surface ocean biogeochemical processes and subsequently to the Carbon cycle. It is, thus important to quantify dust contributions and their fluxes to the Arabian Sea. Here we assess temporal variability of dust concentration, their elemental characteristics as well as quantify their dry and wet deposition fluxes over the North-eastern Arabian Sea. The dust concentrations were found to vary from 59 to 132 µg m-3 which accounts for 50% to 90% of total mass during dusty days. However, its contribution during pre and post dust storms ranges between 6% and 60%. Relatively higher dust dry deposition flux of 28 ± 7 mg m-2 day-1 (range: 20-44) is estimated for dusty days compared to pre and post dusty days (range: 0.4-22 mg m-2 day-1). In contrast to dry deposition fluxes, significantly higher fluxes are estimated from wet deposition, averaging around 240 ± 220 mg m-2 day-1. These values are five times higher than those reported from cruise samples collected over the Arabian Sea. The contribution of dust to aerosol mass is further ascertained using elemental composition, wherein a significant correlation was observed between Fe and Al (r2 = 0.77) for samples collected during the dusty period, highlighting their similar crustal sources. Our estimation of dust flux over this region has implications for the supply of nutrients associated with natural dust to the surface water of the Arabian Sea.Implications: The Arabian Sea, one of the productive oceanic regions among the global oceans, has been identified as a perennial source of atmospheric CO2. This basin is heavily impacted by atmospheric dust deposition/inputs owing to its geographical location being surrounded by arid and semi-arid regions. It has been hypothesized that aeolian dust plays a significant role in modulating surface water biogeochemical processes including primary productivity, in the Arabian Sea. Furthermore, modelling studies have highlighted on the role of dust (containing Fe) in fueling and enhancing primary productivity in the Arabian Sea. However, quantification of dust deposition fluxes (wet and dry) on seasonal time scale is missing in the literature. This paper aims to partially fulfil this research gap by providing a long-term data of wet and dry deposition fluxes over the northeastern Arabian Sea. We have also discussed their seasonal variability and factors affecting this flux. Thus, this study will be valuable contribution to the aeolian research community and have significant implication toward the role of aeolian deposition to the surface water biogeochemical processes in the Arabian Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Suresh
- Geological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, India
- Geosciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Udisha Singh
- Geological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | | | - Vishnu Murthy Matta
- The School of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao, India
| | - A K Sudheer
- Geosciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Ashwini Kumar
- Geological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Chakrabarti D, Qayoom S, Kukreja D, Goel M, Singh U, Verma M, Srivastava K, Bhatt M. PO-1359 Cancer stem cell biomarkers SOX2 and Oct4 in cervical cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Singh U, Teja AG, Walia S, Vaswani P, Dalvi S, Bhatia D. Water stable, red emitting, carbon nanoparticles stimulate 3D cell invasion via clathrin-mediated endocytic uptake. Nanoscale Adv 2022; 4:1375-1386. [PMID: 36133687 PMCID: PMC9418831 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00813g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bright fluorescent nanoparticles with excitation and emission towards the red end of the spectrum are highly desirable in the field of bioimaging. We present here a new class of organic carbon-based nanoparticles (CNPs) with a robust quantum yield and fluorescence towards the red region of the spectrum. Using organic substrates such as para-phenylenediamine (PPDA) dispersed in diphenyl ether under reflux conditions, we achieved scalable amounts of CNPs with an average size of 27 nm. These CNPs were readily taken up by different mammalian cells, and we show that they prefer clathrin-mediated endocytosis for their cellular entry route. Not only can these CNPs be specifically taken up by cells, but they also stimulate cellular processes such as cell invasion from 3D spheroid models. This new class of CNPs, which have sizes similar to those of proteinaceous ligands, hold immense potential for their surface functionalization. These could be explored as promising bioimaging agents for biomedical imaging and intracellular drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udisha Singh
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Aditya Guduru Teja
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Shanka Walia
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Payal Vaswani
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Sameer Dalvi
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Gujarat 382355 India
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Gujarat 382355 India
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Gujarat 382355 India
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Pothukuchi RP, Singh U, Bhatia DD, Radhakrishna M. Controlled 3D assembly and stimuli responsive behavior of DNA and peptide functionalized gold nanoparticles in solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:19552-19563. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02548e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA mediated directed self assembly of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has garnered immense interest due to its ability to precisely control supramolecular assemblies. Most experimental works have relied on utilizing the...
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Venkataraman S, Benny R, Chanu A, Singh U, Kandasamy D, Lingaiah R. A randomized controlled trial to compare the effect of ultrasound-guided, single-dose platelet-rich plasma and corticosteroid injection in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. J Int Soc Phys Rehabil Med 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jisprm.jisprm-000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Singh U, Morya V, Datta B, Ghoroi C, Bhatia D. Stimuli Responsive, Programmable DNA Nanodevices for Biomedical Applications. Front Chem 2021; 9:704234. [PMID: 34277571 PMCID: PMC8278982 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.704234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Of the multiple areas of applications of DNA nanotechnology, stimuli-responsive nanodevices have emerged as an elite branch of research owing to the advantages of molecular programmability of DNA structures and stimuli-responsiveness of motifs and DNA itself. These classes of devices present multiples areas to explore for basic and applied science using dynamic DNA nanotechnology. Herein, we take the stake in the recent progress of this fast-growing sub-area of DNA nanotechnology. We discuss different stimuli, motifs, scaffolds, and mechanisms of stimuli-responsive behaviours of DNA nanodevices with appropriate examples. Similarly, we present a multitude of biological applications that have been explored using DNA nanodevices, such as biosensing, in vivo pH-mapping, drug delivery, and therapy. We conclude by discussing the challenges and opportunities as well as future prospects of this emerging research area within DNA nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udisha Singh
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
| | - Vinod Morya
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
| | - Bhaskar Datta
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
| | - Chinmay Ghoroi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
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Alyethodi RR, Singh U, Kumar S, Alex R, Sengar GS, Raja TV, Deb R, Prakash B. Designing, optimization, and validation of whole blood direct T-ARMS PCR for precise and rapid genotyping of complex vertebral malformation in cattle. BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21:36. [PMID: 34022869 PMCID: PMC8141239 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-021-00696-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA testing in the cattle industry undergoes multiple hurdles. Successful genotyping involves the transportation of samples from the field to the laboratory in a chilled environment followed by DNA extraction, and finally, a specific genotyping protocol is followed. Various researches are focused on overcoming these issues. Microcards offer blood transportation at ambient temperature. Direct PCR methods can save the time of DNA extraction but available only for simplex PCR. Tetra Primer-Amplification Refractory Mutation System based Polymerase Chain Reaction (T-ARMS PCR) can make DNA testing faster in a low-cost setting. The present study was aimed to design, optimize, and validate a T-ARMS PCR for faster DNA testing of SNP responsible for Complex Vertebral Malformation (CVM)-an important genetic disease of the cattle industry. Further, a direct T-ARMS PCR from whole blood was developed to avoid the DNA extraction steps. Lastly, using the optimized protocol, genotyping of blood spotted on Microcard eliminates the need for cold chain maintenance in the transportation of samples. Results The present study demonstrated a novel T-ARMS PCR-based genotyping of the SNP rs438228855, which is responsible for CVM. Here, wild genotypes were recognized by 389 bp and 199 bp bands in agarose gel, while the carrier genotype showed an additional 241 bp band. The developed protocol was validated using PCR-Primer Introduced Restriction Analysis (PCR-PIRA) and sequencing. The present study further established a direct T-ARMS PCR for this SNP from whole blood. Different conditions such as heparin and EDTA treated blood, the need for pre-treatment, and two different DNA Polymerases for the direct PCR were optimized. Finally, our optimized protocol successfully genotyped the whole blood samples dried on Insta™DNA cards. Conclusions The present study reported the usefulness of primer modified T-ARMS PCR for detecting CVM for the first time. To the best of our knowledge, direct PCR in T-ARMS PCR has never been reported. Lastly, the use of microcards in the developed protocol can make the assay useful in the DNA testing of field samples. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12896-021-00696-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Alyethodi
- Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Garacharma, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 744101, India.
| | - U Singh
- Animal genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - S Kumar
- Animal genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - R Alex
- Animal genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - G S Sengar
- Animal genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - T V Raja
- Animal genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - R Deb
- ICAR-National Research centre on Pig, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - B Prakash
- Animal genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
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Singh U, Castle J, Greenhalgh S, Hussain U, Descamps T, Nash S, Wilson M, Hunt R, Kirwan CC. O44: WOUND HEALING INFLAMMATORY MARKERS PREDICT PROGNOSIS AND SURVIVAL IN EARLY BREAST CANCER. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab117.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cancer is likened to a non-healing wound. There is limited evidence on the expression of wound healing tissue inflammatory markers, CD68(pan-macrophage marker), HO-1(tumour cell marker) and FAP(cancer-associated fibroblast marker) in human breast cancer.
Method
In 201 invasive breast cancer and 58 DCIS patients, CD68+TAM expression, tumour HO-1 and fibroblast FAP expression, quantified by immunohistochemistry(dichotomised: high/present vs low/absent), was correlated with tumour factors (grade, proliferation(Ki67), ER, HER2); demographic factors, behavioural factors (smoking, alcohol) and survival status(DFS, OS)
Result
High CD68+macrophage expression was increased in invasive breast cancer, compared to DCIS, and normal tissue distant from the tumour(59%,41%and 6% respectively; p<0.001).In invasive cancer,CD68+TAM expression increased with increasing tumour grade(Grade 1:42%, Grade 2:58%, Grade 3:72%; p=0.006), high Ki67(71%vs.47%; p=0.004), ER negativity(79.4%vs.55.4%; p=0.01) and HER2(HER2 positive 81.8% vs. HER2 negative 56.3%; p=0.03). CD68+TAM expression was higher in high compared to low/intermediate grade DCIS(44% % vs. 31% p=0.52). CD68+TAM expression was increased in patients who self-reported alcohol intake(non-drinker 43% vs. drinker 62%; p=0.01). HO-1 was associated with shorter DFS(HR:3.22,p=0.027) and OS(HR:2.86,p=0.029).FAP fibroblast expression correlated with longer DFS (HR:0.296,p=0.029) and OS (HR:0.271,p=0.008).
Conclusion
Tumour inflammation as assessed by CD68+TAM expression shows utility in identifying aggressive breast cancer sub-types. The association reported between CD68+TAM density and alcohol intake suggests a possible mechanism for alcohol as a risk factor for breast cancer. The prognostic value of HO-1 and FAP expression demonstrated here suggests a functional role of these wound healing markers in breast cancer. HO-1:Heme-oxygenase-1; FAP:Fibroblast activation protein; TAM:Tumour associated macrophage; DCIS: Ductal carcinoma in situ
Take-home message
Wound healing pathways of inflammation may be implicated in early breast cancer development
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Affiliation(s)
- U Singh
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester
| | - J Castle
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester
| | | | - U Hussain
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - S Nash
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Wilson
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - R Hunt
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - CC Kirwan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
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Singh U, Castle J, Shaker H, Greenhalgh S, Hussain U, Descamps T, Nash S, Wilson M, Hunt R, Kirwan C. PO-75 The relationship between the coagulation and inflammatory phases of wound healing in early breast cancer. Thromb Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(21)00248-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Jaiswal A, Goswami K, Haldar P, Salve HR, Singh U. Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis, its determinants, and impact on the quality of life in elderly persons in rural Ballabgarh, Haryana. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:354-360. [PMID: 34017753 PMCID: PMC8132764 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1477_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis and a very common disease of elderly. It is one of the leading causes of disability. The present study was conducted to estimate the burden of the knee OA among rural elderly. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 randomly selected elderly resident of rural Ballabgarh, Haryana. A semi-structured interview schedule was used by a trained investigator for face-to-face interview, clinical examination of knee using American College of Rheumatology criteria, and quality of life assessment using WHOQOL-BREF. Results: Almost two-third of the participants among 454 elderly recruited, suffered from knee OA (292, 64.3%) had knee OA. History of a knee injury, a family history of knee pain, current physical activity and smoking status were found to be significantly associated with knee OA, in multivariate logistic regression model. Elderly suffering from knee OA had significantly lower quality-of-life scores contrasted to those not (p-value < 0.001). The scores were significantly lower for all the domains (P-value <0.001) among elderly suffering with the knee OA, with the maximum effect seen in psychological, and physical domain. Conclusion: Rural elderly of Ballabgarh, Haryana, had a high burden of knee OA. Elderly suffering from knee OA had significantly lower perception of their quality of life most affected is the psychological and physical domains of quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Jaiswal
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kiran Goswami
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Partha Haldar
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Harshal Ramesh Salve
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - U Singh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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17
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Adamczewski-Musch J, Arnold O, Behnke C, Belounnas A, Belyaev A, Berger-Chen JC, Blanco A, Blume C, Böhmer M, Bordalo P, Chernenko S, Chlad L, Ciepal I, Deveaux C, Dreyer J, Epple E, Fabbietti L, Fateev O, Filip P, Fonte P, Franco C, Friese J, Fröhlich I, Galatyuk T, Garzón JA, Gernhäuser R, Golosov O, Golubeva M, Greifenhagen R, Guber F, Gumberidze M, Harabasz S, Heinz T, Hennino T, Hlavac S, Höhne C, Holzmann R, Ierusalimov A, Ivashkin A, Kämpfer B, Karavicheva T, Kardan B, Koenig I, Koenig W, Kohls M, Kolb BW, Korcyl G, Kornakov G, Kornas F, Kotte R, Kugler A, Kunz T, Kurepin A, Kurilkin A, Kurilkin P, Ladygin V, Lalik R, Lapidus K, Lebedev A, Lopes L, Lorenz M, Mahmoud T, Maier L, Malige A, Mamaev M, Mangiarotti A, Markert J, Matulewicz T, Maurus S, Metag V, Michel J, Mihaylov DM, Morozov S, Müntz C, Münzer R, Naumann L, Nowakowski K, Parpottas Y, Pechenov V, Pechenova O, Petukhov O, Piasecki K, Pietraszko J, Przygoda W, Pysz K, Ramos S, Ramstein B, Rathod N, Reshetin A, Rodriguez-Ramos P, Rosier P, Rost A, Rustamov A, Sadovsky A, Salabura P, Scheib T, Schuldes H, Schwab E, Scozzi F, Seck F, Sellheim P, Selyuzhenkov I, Siebenson J, Silva L, Singh U, Smyrski J, Sobolev YG, Spataro S, Spies S, Ströbele H, Stroth J, Sturm C, Svoboda O, Szala M, Tlusty P, Traxler M, Tsertos H, Usenko E, Wagner V, Wendisch C, Wiebusch MG, Wirth J, Wójcik D, Zanevsky Y, Zumbruch P. Directed, Elliptic, and Higher Order Flow Harmonics of Protons, Deuterons, and Tritons in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=2.4 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:262301. [PMID: 33449792 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.262301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flow coefficients v_{n} of the orders n=1-6 are measured with the High-Acceptance DiElectron Spectrometer (HADES) at GSI for protons, deuterons, and tritons as a function of centrality, transverse momentum, and rapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=2.4 GeV. Combining the information from the flow coefficients of all orders allows us to construct for the first time, at collision energies of a few GeV, a multidifferential picture of the angular emission pattern of these particles. It reflects the complicated interplay between the effect of the central fireball pressure on the emission of particles and their subsequent interaction with spectator matter. The high precision information on higher order flow coefficients is a major step forward in constraining the equation of state of dense baryonic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adamczewski-Musch
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - O Arnold
- Excellence Cluster "Origin and Structure of the Universe," 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - C Behnke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - A Belounnas
- Laboratoire de Physique des 2 infinis Irène Joliot-Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS-IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A Belyaev
- Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - J C Berger-Chen
- Excellence Cluster "Origin and Structure of the Universe," 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Blanco
- LIP-Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C Blume
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M Böhmer
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P Bordalo
- LIP-Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - S Chernenko
- Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - L Chlad
- Nuclear Physics Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 25068 Rez, Czech Republic
| | - I Ciepal
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31342 Kraków, Poland
| | - C Deveaux
- II.Physikalisches Institut, Justus Liebig Universität Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - J Dreyer
- Institut für Strahlenphysik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01314 Dresden, Germany
| | - E Epple
- Excellence Cluster "Origin and Structure of the Universe," 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - L Fabbietti
- Excellence Cluster "Origin and Structure of the Universe," 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - O Fateev
- Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84228 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - P Fonte
- LIP-Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C Franco
- LIP-Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J Friese
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - I Fröhlich
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T Galatyuk
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J A Garzón
- LabCAF. F. Física, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Gernhäuser
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - O Golosov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - M Golubeva
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Science, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - R Greifenhagen
- Institut für Strahlenphysik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01314 Dresden, Germany
| | - F Guber
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Science, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - M Gumberidze
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Harabasz
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University of Cracow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Heinz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Hennino
- Laboratoire de Physique des 2 infinis Irène Joliot-Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS-IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - S Hlavac
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84228 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - C Höhne
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- II.Physikalisches Institut, Justus Liebig Universität Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - R Holzmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Ierusalimov
- Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - A Ivashkin
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Science, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - B Kämpfer
- Institut für Strahlenphysik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01314 Dresden, Germany
| | - T Karavicheva
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Science, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - B Kardan
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - I Koenig
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - W Koenig
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Kohls
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - B W Kolb
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G Korcyl
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University of Cracow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - G Kornakov
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - F Kornas
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R Kotte
- Institut für Strahlenphysik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01314 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Kugler
- Nuclear Physics Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 25068 Rez, Czech Republic
| | - T Kunz
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Kurepin
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Science, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Kurilkin
- Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - P Kurilkin
- Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - V Ladygin
- Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - R Lalik
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University of Cracow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - K Lapidus
- Excellence Cluster "Origin and Structure of the Universe," 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Lebedev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, 117218 Moscow, Russia
| | - L Lopes
- LIP-Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Lorenz
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T Mahmoud
- II.Physikalisches Institut, Justus Liebig Universität Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - L Maier
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Malige
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University of Cracow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - M Mamaev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Mangiarotti
- LIP-Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J Markert
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Matulewicz
- Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wydział Fizyki, Instytut Fizyki Doświadczalnej, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - S Maurus
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - V Metag
- II.Physikalisches Institut, Justus Liebig Universität Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - J Michel
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - D M Mihaylov
- Excellence Cluster "Origin and Structure of the Universe," 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S Morozov
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Science, 117312 Moscow, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - C Müntz
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - R Münzer
- Excellence Cluster "Origin and Structure of the Universe," 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - L Naumann
- Institut für Strahlenphysik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01314 Dresden, Germany
| | - K Nowakowski
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University of Cracow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Y Parpottas
- Department of Physics, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - V Pechenov
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - O Pechenova
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - O Petukhov
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Science, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - K Piasecki
- Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wydział Fizyki, Instytut Fizyki Doświadczalnej, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - J Pietraszko
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - W Przygoda
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University of Cracow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - K Pysz
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31342 Kraków, Poland
| | - S Ramos
- LIP-Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - B Ramstein
- Laboratoire de Physique des 2 infinis Irène Joliot-Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS-IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - N Rathod
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University of Cracow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - A Reshetin
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Science, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - P Rodriguez-Ramos
- Nuclear Physics Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 25068 Rez, Czech Republic
| | - P Rosier
- Laboratoire de Physique des 2 infinis Irène Joliot-Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS-IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A Rost
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Rustamov
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Sadovsky
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Science, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - P Salabura
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University of Cracow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - T Scheib
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - H Schuldes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - E Schwab
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - F Scozzi
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- Laboratoire de Physique des 2 infinis Irène Joliot-Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS-IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P Sellheim
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - I Selyuzhenkov
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - J Siebenson
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - L Silva
- LIP-Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - U Singh
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University of Cracow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - J Smyrski
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University of Cracow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Yu G Sobolev
- Nuclear Physics Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 25068 Rez, Czech Republic
| | - S Spataro
- Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Università di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - S Spies
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - H Ströbele
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J Stroth
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - C Sturm
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - O Svoboda
- Nuclear Physics Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 25068 Rez, Czech Republic
| | - M Szala
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - P Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 25068 Rez, Czech Republic
| | - M Traxler
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - H Tsertos
- Department of Physics, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - E Usenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Science, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - V Wagner
- Nuclear Physics Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 25068 Rez, Czech Republic
| | - C Wendisch
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M G Wiebusch
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Wirth
- Excellence Cluster "Origin and Structure of the Universe," 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik Department E62, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - D Wójcik
- Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wydział Fizyki, Instytut Fizyki Doświadczalnej, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Y Zanevsky
- Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - P Zumbruch
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
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18
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Singh U, Morya V, Rajwar A, Chandrasekaran AR, Datta B, Ghoroi C, Bhatia D. DNA-Functionalized Nanoparticles for Targeted Biosensing and Biological Applications. ACS Omega 2020; 5:30767-30774. [PMID: 33324786 PMCID: PMC7726781 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale systems have increasingly been used in biomedical applications, enhancing the demand for the development of biomolecule-functionalized nanoparticles for targeted applications. Such designer nanosystems hold great prospective to refine disease diagnosis and treatment. To completely investigate their potential for bioapplications, nanoparticles must be biocompatible and targetable toward explicit receptors to guarantee particular detecting, imaging, and medication conveyance in complex organic milieus, for example, living cells, tissues, and organisms. We present recent works that explore enhanced biocompatibility and biorecognition of nanoparticles functionalized with DNA and different DNA entities such as aptamers, DNAzymes, and aptazymes. We sum up the methods utilized in the amalgamation of complex nanostructures, survey the significant types of multifunctional nanoparticles that have been developed in the course of recent years, and give a perceptual vision of the significant field of nanomedicine. The field of DNA-functionalized nanoparticles holds an incredible guarantee in rising biomedical zones, for example, multimodal imaging, theranostics, and picture-guided treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udisha Singh
- Biological
Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute
of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Vinod Morya
- Biological
Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute
of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Anjali Rajwar
- Biological
Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute
of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Arun Richard Chandrasekaran
- The
RNA Institute, University at Albany, State
University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Bhaskar Datta
- Biological
Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute
of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Chinmay Ghoroi
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
- Chemical
Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute
of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Biological
Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute
of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
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Hazra S, Venkataraman S, Handa G, Yadav SL, Wadhwa S, Singh U, Kochhar KP, Deepak KK, Sarkar K. A Cross-Sectional Study on Central Sensitization and Autonomic Changes in Fibromyalgia. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:788. [PMID: 32848561 PMCID: PMC7417433 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a multi-symptomatic disorder characterized by generalized pain. The pathophysiology of fibromyalgia is supposedly an interplay between central nervous system hyper-responsiveness, autonomic dysfunction, and peripheral pain. In this cross-sectional study, the objective was to assess central sensitization and autonomic activity in patients with fibromyalgia compared with control. Fifty adults diagnosed with fibromyalgia by the modified American College of Rheumatology 2010 criteria and an equal number of age- and sex-matched controls participated in the study in an urban tertiary care hospital. Central sensitization was assessed by history and by evidence of increased prefrontal cortical activity as measured by cortical oxygenation using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Autonomic activity was assessed by heart rate variability, electrodermal activity, and deep breathing test in three physiological states: rest, sympathetic stress (cold pressor test), and deep breathing. Mann–Whitney U-test, paired t-test, Wilcoxon test, and Friedman test with Bonferroni a priori were used to analyze the data. Cortical activity was significantly higher in the fibromyalgia group than control. There was no significant difference in autonomic activity between the fibromyalgia and control groups. In the fibromyalgia group, variable degrees of sympathetic hyperactivity and normal parasympathetic activity were observed. Central sensitization may be playing a primary role in the pathophysiology of generalized pain in fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Hazra
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Srikumar Venkataraman
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gita Handa
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S L Yadav
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Wadhwa
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - U Singh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - K P Kochhar
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - K K Deepak
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kaushik Sarkar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Narula Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India
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Singh U, Mani A, James K, Rao MB, Bhattacharya A. Effects of Heat Exposure from Live-Burn Fire Training on Postural Stability of Firefighters. Ergon Int J 2019; 3. [PMID: 31815252 DOI: 10.23880/eoji-16000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Firefighters perform physically intensive jobs in suboptimal environments, making it even more important for them to maintain good functional postural balance or stability. As part of their training, firefighters are required to perform physically demanding tasks under high stress and high heat environments. These demanding tasks lead to increased physical fatigue which can then result in poor performance and/or postural instability. The objectives of this study were to 1) investigate the effect of live-firefighting training-induced heat stress on static postural balance, and 2) investigate the association between commonly monitored physiological responses (core body temperature, heart rate, oxygen saturation and blood pressure) and measures of static postural balance. Twenty-six firefighters (mean ± SD: age 36.0 years ±5.2, weight 216 lbs. ± 34, BMI 29.7 ± 4.2) participated in live firefighting training while performing following tasks: search and rescue, hose advancement, and backup. Prior to heat exposure (PRE) and following each scenario (POST1, POST2, POST3), firefighters' postural balance was assessed with a wearable 3-D inertial sensor system quantifying time dependent changes in linear acceleration (LIN ACC) and angular velocity (AV) about three orthogonal axes [Anterior-Posterior (AP), Medial-Lateral (ML), and vertical (V)] during one foot balance tests for 30 seconds under eyes open and eyes closed conditions. The outcome variables from 3-D wearable sensors were used to create 3-D Phase-Plane based postural stability metrics. Physiological measurement of core body temperature (CBT) (measured with a radio pill) as well as perception of heat increased significantly during the live fire-training exercise. In addition, firefighters also perceived an increase in physical fatigue and respiratory distress. Angular combined stability parameters (ACSP), RMS angular velocity around ML axis were significantly correlated with CBT. In the multivariate analysis adjusted for the scenarios, height and weight of the firefighters, these measures of static postural balance were significantly associated with CBT. As per the model results, static postural balance, as indicated by ACSP, worsened with an increase in CBT. Future studies should place sensors at body extremities along with close to center of mass to capture the kinematic movements more comprehensively influencing postural balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Singh
- Dept of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - A Mani
- Dept of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - K James
- Dept of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - M B Rao
- Dept of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - A Bhattacharya
- Dept of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
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Arnold C, Kadaria D, Iyer P, Jackson C, Khan A, McDonald A, Pattanaik D, Shrestha R, Singh U, VanValkinburgh D, Sodhi A. 76 Airway Complications in Angioedema. Ann Emerg Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Agarwal A, Dhiraaj S, Raza M, Singhal V, Gupta D, Ranjan R, Singh PK, Singh U. Pain during Injection of Propofol: The Effect of Prior Administration of Ephedrine. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 32:657-60. [PMID: 15535489 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0403200508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Propofol causes pain on intravenous injection in 28 to 90% of patients. A number of techniques have been tried to minimize propofol-induced pain, with variable results. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we compared the efficacy of ephedrine 30 μg/kg pretreatment to lignocaine 40 mg for prevention of propofol-induced pain. Ninety-three adult patients, ASA 1 and 2, undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned to three groups of 31 each. Group 1 received normal saline, group 2 received lignocaine 2% (40 mg) and group 3 received 30 μg/kg ephedrine. All pretreatment drugs were made up to 2 ml. Pain at the time of propofol injection was assessed on a four-point scale: 0=no pain, 1=mild pain, 2=moderate pain, and 3=severe pain. Twenty-seven patients (87%) of ephedrine pretreatment patients had pain during intravenous injection of propofol as compared to 24 (77%) in the normal saline group. In the lignocaine group, propofol-induced pain was observed in only 13 (42%) when compared with other study groups (P<0.05). Pretreatment with ephedrine 30 μg/kg did not attenuate pain associated with intravenous injection of propofol, nor did it improve haemodynamic stability during induction. However, pretreatment with 2% lignocaine (40 mg) was effective in attenuating propofol-associated pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Agarwal
- Department of Anesthesia, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Singh U, Cui Y, Dimaano N, Mehta S, Pruitt SK, Yearley J, Laterza OF, Juco JW, Dogdas B. Analytical validation of quantitative immunohistochemical assays of tumor infiltrating lymphocyte biomarkers. Biotech Histochem 2018; 93:411-423. [PMID: 29863904 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2018.1445290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), especially T-cells, have both prognostic and therapeutic applications. The presence of CD8+ effector T-cells and the ratio of CD8+ cells to FOXP3+ regulatory T-cells have been used as biomarkers of disease prognosis to predict response to various immunotherapies. Blocking the interaction between inhibitory receptors on T-cells and their ligands with therapeutic antibodies including atezolizumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab and tremelimumab increases the immune response against cancer cells and has shown significant improvement in clinical benefits and survival in several different tumor types. The improved clinical outcome is presumed to be associated with a higher tumor infiltration; therefore, it is thought that more accurate methods for measuring the amount of TIL could assist prognosis and predict treatment response. We have developed and validated quantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays for CD3, CD8 and FOXP3 for immunophenotyping T-lymphocytes in tumor tissue. Various types of formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues were immunolabeled with anti-CD3, anti-CD8 and anti-FOXP3 antibodies using an IHC autostainer. The tumor area of stained tissues, including the invasive margin of the tumor, was scored by a pathologist (visual scoring) and by computer-based quantitative image analysis. Two image analysis scores were obtained for the staining of each biomarker: the percent positive cells in the tumor area and positive cells/mm2 tumor area. Comparison of visual vs. image analysis scoring methods using regression analysis showed high correlation and indicated that quantitative image analysis can be used to score the number of positive cells in IHC stained slides. To demonstrate that the IHC assays produce consistent results in normal daily testing, we evaluated the specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility of the IHC assays using both visual and image analysis scoring methods. We found that CD3, CD8 and FOXP3 IHC assays met the fit-for-purpose analytical acceptance validation criteria and that they can be used to support clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Singh
- a Translational Medicine , Merck & Co., Inc ., Kenilworth
| | - Y Cui
- a Translational Medicine , Merck & Co., Inc ., Kenilworth
| | - N Dimaano
- a Translational Medicine , Merck & Co., Inc ., Kenilworth
| | - S Mehta
- b Applied Mathematics and Modeling, Data Science , Merck & Co. Inc ., Rahway , New Jersey
| | - S K Pruitt
- a Translational Medicine , Merck & Co., Inc ., Kenilworth
| | - J Yearley
- c Anatomic Pathology , Merck & Co., Inc , Palo Alto , California
| | - O F Laterza
- a Translational Medicine , Merck & Co., Inc ., Kenilworth
| | - J W Juco
- a Translational Medicine , Merck & Co., Inc ., Kenilworth
| | - B Dogdas
- b Applied Mathematics and Modeling, Data Science , Merck & Co. Inc ., Rahway , New Jersey
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Singh R, Sengar GS, Singh U, Deb R, Junghare V, Hazra S, Kumar S, Tyagi S, Das AK, Raja TV, Kumar A. Functional proteomic analysis of crossbred (Holstein Friesian × Sahiwal) bull spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 53:588-608. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Singh
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory; ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle; Meerut Uttar Pradesh India
| | - GS Sengar
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory; ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle; Meerut Uttar Pradesh India
| | - U Singh
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory; ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle; Meerut Uttar Pradesh India
| | - R Deb
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory; ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle; Meerut Uttar Pradesh India
| | - V Junghare
- Department of Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology; Roorkee Uttarakhand India
| | - S Hazra
- Department of Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology; Roorkee Uttarakhand India
- Center of Nanotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology; Roorkee Uttarakhand India
| | - S Kumar
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory; ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle; Meerut Uttar Pradesh India
| | - S Tyagi
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory; ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle; Meerut Uttar Pradesh India
| | - AK Das
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory; ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle; Meerut Uttar Pradesh India
| | - TV Raja
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory; ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle; Meerut Uttar Pradesh India
| | - A Kumar
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory; ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle; Meerut Uttar Pradesh India
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Alex R, Ramesha KP, Singh U, Kumar S, Alyethodi RR, Deb R, Rai S, Sharma S, Sengar GS, Kumar A, Prakash B. Association analysis of novel polymorphisms in 2', 5'-oligoadenylate synthetase gene with reproductive traits in indigenous and cross-bred cattle of Indian Origin. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 53:442-449. [PMID: 29277982 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
2', 5'-Oligoadenylate synthetases (OAS) are important components of an interferon-mediated antiviral pathway. No polymorphisms in exonic regions of bovine OAS1 gene have been identified and associated with reproduction traits. The objective of the study was to detect and evaluate the effects of mutations in exonic region of bovine OAS1 gene with reproduction traits in cattle. DNA samples collected from 250 individual cows of two Indian dairy breeds (Sahiwal and Frieswal) of cattle were used in the study. The genetic variants of the OAS1 gene were identified with polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and sequence analysis using seven set of primer pairs. The PCR-SSCP analysis revealed polymorphism in the fragments comprising of exon 2, exon 5 and first fragment of exon 6 while the fragments of exons 1, 3, 4 and second fragment of exon 6 were monomorphic in Sahiwal and Frieswal cattle. The mutations in the amplified region comprising of exon 2 were found to have significant association with age at first breeding and calving, service period, dry period and pregnancy rate. Significant associations were found between SNPs in the exon 5 and service and dry periods of the animal, whereas the genetic variants in the first fragment of the exon 6 showed significant association with age at first breeding and calving. To our knowledge, this study demonstrated for the first time that the polymorphisms in OAS1 gene were associated with reproductive traits and it can be chosen as a candidate gene for improvement of reproductive performance of cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Alex
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - K P Ramesha
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India.,Dairy Production, SRS, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Banglore, India
| | - U Singh
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - S Kumar
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - R R Alyethodi
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - R Deb
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - S Rai
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India.,ERS, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - S Sharma
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - G S Sengar
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - A Kumar
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - B Prakash
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
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Singh U, Verma A, Bhat H. Discovery of novel 1,3,5-triazine-thiozolidine (DDDL-251) based dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor against breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx652.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kalinderis M, Singh U. Umbilical endometriosis: a rare case of spontaneous cutaneous umbilical endometriosis. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2017. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog3839.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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28
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Singh U, Athavale S, Lalwani R. Bilateral tortuous internal carotid artery: A case report. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sharma SK, Yadav SL, Singh U, Wadhwa S. Muscle Activation Profiles and Co-Activation of Quadriceps and Hamstring Muscles around Knee Joint in Indian Primary Osteoarthritis Knee Patients. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:RC09-RC14. [PMID: 28658860 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/26975.9870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) of knee is a common joint disease. It is associated with reduced knee joint stability due to impaired quadriceps strength, pain, and an altered joint structure. There is altered muscle activation in knee OA patients, which interferes with normal load distribution around the knee and facilitates disease progression. AIM Our primary aim was to determine activation patterns of the muscles i.e., quadriceps and hamstrings in knee OA patients during walking. We also studied co-activation of muscles around knee joint in primary OA knee patients including directed medial and lateral co-contractions. MATERIALS AND METHODS This observational study was done at Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Fourty-four patients with medial compartment primary knee OA were included in study after satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the patients were assessed for mean, peak and integrated Root Mean Square (RMS), EMG values, muscle activation patterns and co-activation of muscles around knee joint by surface Electromyography (EMG) analysis of Vastus Medialis Obliques (VMO), Vastus Lateralis (VL), Semitendinosus (SMT) and Biceps Femoris (BF) muscles during gait cycle. The EMG waveform for each muscle was amplitude normalized and time normalized to 100% of gait cycle and plotted on graph. Quantitative variables were assessed for normal distribution and accordingly mean±SD or median (range), as appropriate, was computed. RESULTS For primary OA knee, mean age 61±5 years, mean weight 63.7±10.1 kg, mean height 153.9±7.2 cm, and mean Body Mass Index (BMI) 26.8±3.0 kg/m2 was found. The muscle activity of hamstrings (SMT muscle and BF) was increased during midstance, late stance and early swing phase of gait cycle as compared to quadriceps (VMO and VL) muscle activity respectively, suggesting co-contraction of opposing muscles around knee joint. CONCLUSION Patients with knee OA walk with increased hamstring muscle activity (during late stance and early swing phase) and reduced quadriceps recruitment. Altered neuro-muscular control around knee interferes with normal load distribution and facilitates disease progression in knee joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar Sharma
- Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, RUHS College of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shiv Lal Yadav
- Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - U Singh
- Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Wadhwa
- Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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Kumar S, Singh U, Goswami C, Singru PS. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5), a highly Ca 2+ -selective TRP channel in the rat brain: relevance to neuroendocrine regulation. J Neuroendocrinol 2017; 29. [PMID: 28235149 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest an important role for transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) ion channels in neural and neuroendocrine regulation. The TRPV subfamily consists of six members: TRPV1-6. While the neuroanatomical and functional correlates of TRPV1-4 have been studied extensively, relevant information about TRPV5 and TRPV6, which are highly selective for Ca2+ , is limited. We detected TRPV5 mRNA expression in the olfactory bulb, cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus, midbrain, brainstem and cerebellum of the rat. TRPV5-immunoreactive neurones were conspicuously seen in the hypothalamic paraventricular (PVN), supraoptic (SON), accessory neurosecretory (ANS), supraoptic nucleus, retrochiasmatic part (SOR), arcuate (ARC) and medial tuberal nuclei, hippocampus, midbrain, brainstem and cerebellum. Glial cells also showed TRPV5-immunoreactivity. To test the neuroendocrine relevance of TRPV5, we focused on vasopressin, oxytocin and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) as representative candidate markers with which TRPV5 may co-exist. In the hypothalamic neurones, co-expression of TRPV5 was observed with vasopressin (PVN: 50.73±3.82%; SON: 75.91±2.34%; ANS: 49.12±4.28%; SOR: 100%) and oxytocin (PVN: 6.88±1.21; SON: 63.34±5.69%; ANS: 20.4±4.14; SOR: 86.5±1.74%). While ARC neurones express oestrogen receptors, 17β-oestradiol regulates TRPV5, as well as CART neurones and astrocytes, in the ARC. Furthermore, ARC CART neurones are known to project to the preoptic area, and innervate and regulate GnRH neurones. Using double-immunofluorescence, glial fibrillary acidic protein-labelled astrocytes and the majority of CART neurones in the ARC showed TRPV5-immunoreactivity. Following iontophoresis of retrograde neuronal tracer, cholera toxin β (CtB) into the anteroventral periventricular nucleus and median preoptic nucleus, retrograde accumulation of CtB was observed in most TRPV5-equipped ARC CART neurones. Next, we determined the response of TRPV5-elements in the ARC during the oestrous cycle. Compared to pro-oestrus, a significant increase (P<.001) in the percentage of TRPV5-expressing CART neurones was observed during oestrus, metoestrus, and dioestrus. TRPV5-immunoreactivity in the astrocytes, however, showed a significant increase during metoestrus and dioestrus. We suggest that the TRPV5 ion channel may serve as an important regulator of neural and neuroendocrine pathways in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
| | - U Singh
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
| | - C Goswami
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
| | - P S Singru
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
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Prakash J, Ganiger V, Prakash S, Sivasankar M, Sunder S, Singh U. Kidney Disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-seropositive Patients: Absence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-associated Nephropathy was a Characteristic Feature. Indian J Nephrol 2017; 27:271-276. [PMID: 28761228 PMCID: PMC5514822 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.202400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can cause a broad spectrum of renal diseases. However, there is paucity of Indian data on the patterns of renal lesions in HIV-seropositive patients. The aim of the present study was to delineate the spectrum of renal lesions in HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. In this prospective study, all HIV-positive patients of both genders aged >18 years were screened for renal disease. Patients with proteinuria of more than 1 g/24 h were subjected to renal biopsy. A total of 293 HIV-positive patients were screened; of these, 136 (46.4%) patients found to have renal involvement. Dipstick-positive proteinuria of 1+ or more was observed in 112 (38.2%) patients, and 16 (14.2%) patients had proteinuria of more than 1 g/24 h. Renal biopsy in 14 cases revealed glomerulonephritis (GN) in 12 (85.7%) (isolated GN in 4 [28.5%] and GN mixed with chronic TIN in 8 [57.1%]) patients. These include mesangioproliferative GN in 5 (35.7%), membranoproliferative GN in 2 (14.2%), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in 2 (14.2%), diffuse proliferative GN in 2 (14.2%), and diabetic nephropathy in 1 (7.1%) patients. Chronic interstitial nephritis was noted in 10 (71.42%) (superimposed on GN in 8 [57.1%], isolated in 2 [14.2%]) patients. Granulomatous interstitial nephritis was seen in 3 (24.1%) cases. GN and chronic interstitial nephritis were noted in 85.7% and 71.42% of patients, respectively, mostly superimposed on each other. Mesangioproliferative GN was the most common glomerular lesion, but classical HIV-associated nephropathy was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Prakash
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V Ganiger
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Prakash
- Department of Medicine, TNMC, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - M Sivasankar
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Sunder
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - U Singh
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Deb R, Sengar GS, Singh U, Kumar S, Raja TV, Alex R, Alyethodi RR, Prakash B. LAMP assay for rapid diagnosis of cow DNA in goat milk and meat samples. Iran J Vet Res 2017; 18:134-137. [PMID: 28775755 PMCID: PMC5534258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Animal species detection is one of the crucial steps for consumer's food analysis. In the present study we developed an in-house built loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid detection of adulterated cow DNA in goat milk/meat samples. The cow milk/tissue DNA in goat milk/meat samples were identified in the developed LAMP assay by either naked eye visualizing with SYBR Green I dyes or by detecting the typical ladder pattern on gel electrophoresis. This test can detect up to minimum 5% level of cow components admixed in goat milk/meat samples and can be completed within 1 h 40 min starting from DNA extraction from milk/meat samples and can be performed in a water bath. Developed LAMP methodology is simple; rapid and sensitive techniques that can detect adulterant like cow components in goat milk/meat are more accurate than other existing DNA based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Deb
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G. S. Sengar
- MSc in Biotechnology, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - U. Singh
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S. Kumar
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - T. V. Raja
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R. Alex
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R. R. Alyethodi
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - B. Prakash
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Singh O, Kumar S, Singh U, Bhute Y, Singru PS. Role of Isotocin in the Regulation of the Hypophysiotropic Dopamine Neurones in the Preoptic Area of the Catfish, Clarias batrachus. J Neuroendocrinol 2016; 28. [PMID: 27805784 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) has emerged as a potent inhibitory neuromodulator of luteinsing hormone (LH) secretion and reproduction in teleosts. The DA neurones located in the anterior subdivision of nucleus preopticus periventricularis (NPPa) in the preoptic area (POA) innervate the pituitary gland and regulate LH cells. Although a reduction in the inhibitory DAergic tone is crucial for stimulatory action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on LH cells, the role of other hypothalamic factors is suggested but not fully understood. Nonapeptide, isotocin (IST) has emerged as a likely candidate that may also influence the LH cell function. IST neurones reside in the nucleus preopticus and innervate LH cells. While IST treatment dramatically elevated LH secretion, the IST levels in brain peaked during spawning. In a pilot study on the catfish, Clarias batrachus, we observed a dense network of IST-immunoreactive (IST-IR) fibres in the NPPa, the region known to harbour hypophysiotropic DA neurones. Application of the double immunofluorescence method showed a dense IST-IR fibre network around the tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (TH-IR) neurones in the NPPa region. A great majority of the TH-IR neurones in the NPPa were contacted by IST-IR fibres during the spawning phase. The NPPa therefore appears to be a site for the intense interaction of DA and IST. IST-IR fibre innervation in NPPa showed reproduction phase-dependent changes. The percent fluorescent area of IST-IR fibres showed a gradual increase from the resting through prespawning phases (resting: 7.5 ± 1.04; preparatory: 8.6 ± 0.8; prespawning: 15.5 ± 1.4), reaching a peak in the spawning phase (28 ± 2.3; P < 0.001). Compared to the spawning phase, a drastic reduction in IST-IR fibres in the NPPa was observed during the postspawning phase (8.4 ± 0.9; P < 0.001). Superfused slices of the POA of C. batrachus treated with IST peptide resulted in a significant reduction in TH immunoreactivity in the NPPa (Control: 45.3 ± 4.2; IST peptide, 5 μm: 29.4 ± 4.7; P < 0.05). We suggest that the intense interaction between IST and DA in the NPPa, most probably of an inhibitory nature, may be critical for the regulation of LH cells and reproduction in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Singh
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)-Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha, India
- Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)-Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha, India
- Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - U Singh
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)-Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha, India
- Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Y Bhute
- Department of Zoology, DRB Sindhu Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur, India
| | - P S Singru
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)-Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha, India
- Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Maurya
- Department of Statistics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - A. Kaushik
- Department of Statistics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - S. K. Singh
- Department of Statistics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - U. Singh
- Department of Statistics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Orbital involvement in Wegener's Granulomatosis (WG) is rare and has an overall good prognosis. CASE A 60-year-old hypertensive Indian female presented with vision loss and painful proptosis of left eye. Orbital incisional biopsy suggested necrotising small vessel inflammation. The saddle nose deformity and pedal nodulo- ulcerative lesions further consolidated the diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis. Systemic immunosuppressant provided remission and the only relapse was managed successfully with intravenous Rituximab. CONCLUSION Wegener's granulomatosis should be kept in the differential diagnosis of painful proptosis with a diffuse orbital mass in an elderly patient presenting with profound vision loss. Newer immune modulating agents are useful adjuncts in preventing relapses of this fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Singh
- Department of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector-12, Chandigarh, India
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Prakash J, Pant P, Prakash S, Sivasankar M, Vohra R, Doley PK, Pandey LK, Singh U. Changing picture of acute kidney injury in pregnancy: Study of 259 cases over a period of 33 years. Indian J Nephrol 2016; 26:262-7. [PMID: 27512298 PMCID: PMC4964686 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.161018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in pregnancy is declining in developing countries but still remains a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was to analyze the changing trends in pregnancy related AKI (PR-AKI) over a period of thirty-three years. Clinical characteristics of PR-AKI with respect to incidence, etiology and fetal and maternal outcomes were compared in three study periods, namely 1982-1991,1992-2002 and 2003-2014. The incidence of PR-AKI decreased to 10.4% in 1992-2002, from 15.2% in 1982-1991, with declining trend continuing in 2003-2014 (4.68%).Postabortal AKI decreased to 1.49% in 2003-2014 from 9.4% in 1982-1991of total AKI cases. The AKI related to puerperal sepsis increased to 1.56% of all AKI cases in 2003-2014 from 1.4% in 1982-1991. Preeclampsia/eclampsia associated AKI decreased from 3.5% of total AKI cases in 1982-1991 to 0.54% in 2003-2014. Pregnancy associated – thrombotic microangiopathy and acute fatty liver of pregnancy were uncommon causes of AKI. Hyperemesis gravidarum associated AKI was not observed in our study. Incidence of renal cortical necrosis (RCN) decreased to 1.4% in 2003-2014 from 17% in 1982-1991.Maternal mortality reduced to 5.79% from initial high value 20% in 1982-1991. The progression of PR-AKI to ESRD decreased to1.4% in 2003-2014 from 6.15% in 1982-1991. The incidence of PR-AKI has decreased over last three decades, mainly due to decrease in incidence of postabortal AKI. Puerperal sepsis and obstetric hemorrhage were the major causes of PR-AKI followed by preeclampsia in late pregnancy. Maternal mortality and incidence and severity of RCN have significantly decreased in PR-AKI. The progression to CKD and ESRD has decreased in women with AKI in pregnancy in recent decade. However, the perinatal mortality did not change throughout study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Prakash
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P Pant
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Prakash
- Department of Medicine, Topiwala National Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - M Sivasankar
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Vohra
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P K Doley
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - L K Pandey
- Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - U Singh
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a major source of mortality and morbidity along with an economic menace all over the world. In 2000, prevalence of diabetes worldwide was 171,000,000 and in 2030, it will be 366,000,000, nearly one in ten people globally will have some form of diabetes by 2035. There are some 382 million people living with the disease, but that could jump 55% by 2035. The total number of people in India with diabetes to be around 50.8 million in 2010, rising to 87.0 million by 2030 and it is estimated that by 2040 the numbers will increase upto 123.5 million. It has estimated that the prevalence of diabetes in rural populations is one-quarter that of urban population for India and other Indian sub-continent countries such as Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka. Indian Council of Medical research (ICMR) revealed that a lower proportion of the population is affected in states of Northern India (Chandigarh 0.12 million, Jharkhand 0.96 million) as compared to Maharashtra (9.2 million) and Tamil Nadu (4.8 million). The National Urban Survey conducted across the metropolitan cities of India reported similar trend: 11.7 per cent in Kolkata (Eastern India), 6.1 per cent in Kashmir Valley (Northern India), 11.6 per cent in New Delhi (Northern India), and 9.3 per cent in West India (Mumbai) compared with (13.5 per cent in Chennai (South India), 16.6 per cent in Hyderabad (south India), and 12.4 per cent Bangalore (South India). Strengthening of health promotion activitiesin different settings, preventive health screening package, better treatment facilities and effective implementation can cure these problems worldwide.
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Murugesan S, Singh U, Perumal N, Ramanathan V, Krishnan P. High level mupirocin resistance among CoNS from nasal carriers of End stage renal disease patients and hospital personnel from tertiary care centre, Chennai. Indian J Med Microbiol 2016; 34:114-5. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.167672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Pandey CM, Mishra S, Singh U. Determinants and Trends of Anaemia among Children in Empowered Action Group States of India. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv096.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Jain A, Diwakar P, Singh U. Declining trend of resistance to first-line anti-tubercular drugs in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a tertiary care north Indian hospital after implementation of revised national Tuberculosis control programme. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 32:430-3. [PMID: 25297031 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.142257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Trends showing drug-resistance pattern are needed to understand direction of tuberculosis (TB) control programme. The drug-resistance pattern in state of Uttar Pradesh, India, is not documented. Here we are reporting the prevalence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) and drug-resistant TB in previously treated cases of pulmonary tuberculosis following launch of revised national TB control programme (RNTCP) in whole of Uttar Pradesh. Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, from patients of pulmonary tuberculosis, who were treated with antitubercular drugs for more than 4 weeks, were tested for resistance to first-line drugs; streptomycin (S), Ethambutol (E), Rifampicin (R) and isoniazid (H) over a period of 4 years, 2009-2012. Total 2496 isolates of M. tuberculosis were tested, of which 1139 isolates (45.6%) were pan-sensitive and 370 (14.8%) were pan-resistant. Total 695 isolates (27.8%) were MDR. Maximum resistance was with Isoniazid (n=1069, 42.8%) followed by streptomycin (n=840, 33.7%), rifampicin (n=742, 29.7%), and ethambutol (n=613, 24.6%). A decline in number of MDR strains and individual drug resistance was seen. Total MDR strains in the year 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012 were 35.6%, 30.8%, 26.7% and 22.8% respectively. The drug resistance pattern reported from time to time may vary substantially. The decline in drug resistance visible over last four years, after implementation of DOTS, appears promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jain
- Department of Microbiology, Tuberculosis Laboratory, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Kumar S, Deb R, Singh U, Ganguly I, Mandal DK, Tyagi S, Kumar M, Sengar G, Sharma S, Singh R, Singh R. Bovine Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK) and Clusterin (CLU) mRNA Quantitation in Ejaculated Crossbred Bull Spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 50:505-9. [PMID: 25845404 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) gene encodes a transcription factor that affects both the persistence and the period of circadian rhythms. Earlier reports suggested that CLOCK gene might be associated with male infertility in human. Present investigation, for the first time, reports that CLOCK gene expresses differentially between good and poor quality crossbred bull semen. The relative expression of CLOCK was significantly (p < 0.05) higher among good quality bull semen than motility-impaired ones. Clusterins (CLU) are series of genes associated with a variety of physiological activities including spermatogenesis, apoptosis and degenerative disease conditions. In the present context, we also investigated that the expression of CLU gene was significantly (p < 0.05) higher among motility-impaired crossbred bull semen compared to the good quality one.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research- Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, India
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Kumar S, Singh U, Saha S, Singru PS. Tyrosine hydroxylase in the olfactory system, forebrain and pituitary of the Indian major carp, Cirrhinus cirrhosus: organisation and interaction with neuropeptide Y in the preoptic area. J Neuroendocrinol 2014; 26:400-11. [PMID: 24750502 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) inhibits, whereas gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates, luteinisiing (LH) cells in the pituitary of some but not all teleosts. A reduction in the hypophysiotropic dopaminergic tone is necessary for the stimulatory effect of GnRH on LH cells. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has emerged as one of the potent, endogenous agent that modulates LH secretion directly or indirectly via GnRH. Involvement of NPY in the regulation of hypophysiotropic DA neurones, however, is not known, but there is good evidence suggesting an interaction in the mammalian hypothalamus. DA neurones, identified by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactivity, were observed widely throughout the brain of the Indian major carp, Cirrhinus cirrhosus. The granule cells and ganglion cells of terminal nerve in the olfactory bulb, and cells in ventral telencephalon and preoptic area (POA) showed conspicuous TH immunoreactivity. In the POA, the nucleus preopticus periventricularis (NPP), divisible into anterior (NPPa) and posterior (NPPp) components, showed prominent TH-immunoreactivity. The majority of TH neurones in NPPa showed axonal extensions to the pituitary and were closely associated with LH cells. The NPPa also appeared to be the site for intense interaction between NPY and DA because it contains a rich network of NPY fibres and few immunoreactive cells. Approximately 89.7 ± 1.5% TH neurones in NPPa were contacted by NPY fibres. Superfused POA slices treated with a NPY Y2 -receptor agonist, NPY 13-36 resulted in a significant (P < 0.001) reduction in TH-immunoreactivity in NPPa. TH neurones in NPPa did not respond to NPY Y1 -receptor agonist, [Leu(31) , Pro(34) ] Neuropeptide Y treatment. We suggest that, by inhibiting DAergic neurones in NPPa via Y2 -receptors, NPY may contribute to the up-regulation of the GnRH-LH cells axis. The microcircuitry of DA and NPY and their interaction in NPPa might be a crucial component in the central regulation of LH secretion in the teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Deb R, Singh U, Kumar S, Singh R, Sengar G, Sharma A. Genetic polymorphism and association of kappa-casein gene with milk production traits among Frieswal (HF × Sahiwal) cross breed of Indian origin. Iran J Vet Res 2014; 15:406-408. [PMID: 27175140 PMCID: PMC4789222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to screen the genotype profile of bovine kappa-casein gene among Frieswal (HF × Sahiwal) crossbred cattle developed in India. A total number of two hundred Frieswal cows were evaluated for HinfI RFLP based genotyping of kappa-casein gene. We observed that only two genotypes (AA and AB) exist among the studied population with the genotype frequency of 0.58 (n=117) and 0.42 (n=83), respectively. The calculated allele frequency for A and B was 0.79 and 0.21, respectively. Association of genotypes with certain milk production traits revealed that AB had significant (P<0.05) effect on total milk yield, peak yield, yield at 300 days and SNF% as compared to AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Deb
- Correspondence: R. Deb, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut Cantt. Meerut-250001, Uttar Pradesh, India. E-mail:
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Mehrotra S, Singh U, Gupta HP, Tandon I, Saxena P. A prospective double blind study comparing the effects of oxytocin and human chorionic gonadotrophin as trigger for ovulation. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2013; 34:13-6. [PMID: 24359041 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2013.822479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to compare the effect of oxytocin and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) on ovulation and conception. A total of 100 women with anovulatory infertility were allocated into two equal groups to take clomiphene citrate plus hCG or clomiphene citrate plus oxytocin. The size and number of follicles by transvaginal sonography determined the administration of hCG or oxytocin. The serum progesterone concentration was measured to provide evidence for ovulation. The ovulation and pregnancy rate of the two groups were compared. There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to mean number of follicles, mean follicular size and rate of ovulation in three cycles. The rate of pregnancy was higher in the oxytocin group compared with the hCG group (12% vs 4%) but it failed to reach statistical difference (p = 0.140). Mild pain was the only side-effect observed in the two groups. Oxytocin was found to be a viable alternative to hCG for triggering ovulation in infertile patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mehrotra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chattrapati Sahuji Maharaj Medical University (Formerly King George Medical University) , Lucknow , India
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Singh U, Keirstead N, Wolujczyk A, Odin M, Albassam M, Garrido R. General principles and methods for routine automated microRNA in situ hybridization and double labeling with immunohistochemistry. Biotech Histochem 2013; 89:259-66. [PMID: 24106971 DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2013.839825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that modulate gene expression by binding to complementary sequences on target messenger RNA transcripts. Changes in the expression levels of specific miRNAs have been associated with a variety of disease conditions. We developed a reliable and high throughput in situ hybridization (ISH) method and optimized tissue fixation conditions for formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues. ISH methods were automated to visualize four miRNAs: miRNA-145 (smooth muscle cells), miRNA-126 (endothelial cells), miRNA-21 (neoplastic cells) and U6 small nuclear RNA (nuclear marker) using locked nucleic acid (LNA) probes and the Discovery Ultra Ventana(™) platform. The FFPE tissue sections were pretreated with protease 3, hybridized with probe concentrations of ≤ 25 nM; signal was detected using an enhanced, polymer-based detection method. The ISH signal was stronger and more uniform for tissue samples fixed for ≥ 48 h. To investigate the specificity of the method, we developed an automated dual ISH for miRNA-145 coupled with immunohistochemistry for smooth muscle actin, which confirmed the specific distribution of miRNA-145 to smooth muscle cells. These methods may be used routinely for exploratory studies of biomarker development, sample screening and understanding the role of miRNA in the pathophysiology of specific diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Singh
- Toxicology and Pathology, Non Clinical Safety, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. , Nutley, NJ
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Kumar D, Risam K, Bhatt R, Singh U. Reproductive performance of different breeds of broiler rabbits under sub-temperate climatic conditions. World Rabbit Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.4995/wrs.2013.1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Martin A, Imperiale B, Ravolonandriana P, Coban AY, Akgunes A, Ikram A, Satti L, Odoun M, Pandey P, Mishra M, Affolabi D, Singh U, Rasolofo V, Morcillo N, Vandamme P, Palomino JC. Prospective multicentre evaluation of the direct nitrate reductase assay for the rapid detection of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 69:441-4. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sonkar GK, Singh S, Sonkar SK, Singh U, Singh RG. Evaluation of serum interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha levels, and their association with various non-immunological parameters in renal transplant recipients. Singapore Med J 2013; 54:511-5. [DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2013174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Mohan RPS, Verma S, Singh U, Agarwal N. Cherubism. Case Reports 2013; 2013:bcr-2013-010366. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-010366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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