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Loidl V, Ziegler K, Hoppmann D, Wagner C, Fietzek UM, Ceballos-Baumann AO, Grill E. Implementation and the effects of a Parkinson Network Therapy (PaNTher) on activities of daily living and health-related quality of life in Parkinson's disease patients: study protocol of an mixed-method observational cohort study in outpatient care. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e075338. [PMID: 38011978 PMCID: PMC10685942 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease (PD) represents the fastest growing neurodegenerative disease with an increasing prevalence worldwide. It is characterised by complex motor and non-motor symptoms that lead to considerable disability. Specialised physiotherapy has been shown to benefit patients with PD. The Parkinson Netzwerk Therapie (PaNTher) was created to improve access to specialised physiotherapy tailored to care priorities of PD patients. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness, acceptability and needs of the PaNTher network by neurologists and physiotherapists involved in the network in outpatient care. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a mixed-method, prospective, pragmatic non-randomised cohort study of parallel groups, with data collection taking place in Bavaria, Germany, between 2020 and 2024. Patients with PD insured by the Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse Bayern (AOK Bayern) living in Bavaria will be recruited for study participation by network partners. Patients in the intervention group must reside in Munich or the surrounding area to ensure provision of specialised physiotherapy in close proximity to their place of residence. Controls receive care as usual. Six and 12 months after baseline, all patients receive a follow-up questionnaire. Mixed-effect regression models will be used to examine changes in impairment of activities of daily living and quality of life of patients with PD enrolled in the programme over time compared with usual care. Qualitative interviews will investigate the implementation processes and acceptability of the PaNTher network among neurologists and physiotherapists. The study is expected to show that the PaNTher network with an integrative care approach will improve the quality and effectiveness of the management and treatment of patients with PD. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been approved by the ethics committee at the medical faculty of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (20-318). Results will be published in scientific, peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Loidl
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Ziegler
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Centre for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Schoen Clinic Munich Schwabing, Munich, Germany
| | - Dagmar Hoppmann
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Centre for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Schoen Clinic Munich Schwabing, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Urban M Fietzek
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Centre for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Schoen Clinic Munich Schwabing, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrés O Ceballos-Baumann
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Centre for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Schoen Clinic Munich Schwabing, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Grill
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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Ziegler K, Messner M, Paulig M, Starrost K, Reuschenbach B, Fietzek UM, Ceballos‐Baumann AO. Activities of Daily Living Are Improved by Inpatient Multimodal Complex Treatment for PD-a Real-World Cohort Study. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2022; 10:42-54. [PMID: 36698998 PMCID: PMC9847313 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The multimodal complex treatment for Parkinson's disease (MCT) provides inpatient care by a multi-disciplinary team for people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) in Germany. Objectives We conducted a 5-year real-world mono-center cohort study to describe the effectiveness of MCT in the full cohort and various subgroups and outcome predictors. Methods We collected an anonymized dataset between Jan 2015 and Dec 2019, involving N = 1773. The self-reported MDS-UPDRS part II was used as primary outcome, and clinical routine data for explanatory variables. PwP were categorized as responders or non-responders according to a response of at least 3 points 4 weeks after discharge. Results N = 591 complete data records were available for statistical analyses. The full group improved by -2.4 points on the MDS-UPDRS II (P = <0.0001). 47.7% (n = 282) and 52.3% (n = 309) were coded as responders and non-responders, respectively. A clinically meaningful response was positively associated to age (χ2 = 11.07, P = 0.018), as well as baseline-severity of the MDS-UPDRS II (χ2 = 6.05, P = 0.048) and negatively associated to the presence of psychiatric disorder (χ2 = 3.9, P = 0.048) and cognitive dysfunction (χ2 = 7.29, P = 0.007). Logistic regression showed that baseline severity of the MDS-UPDRS II predicted therapy success. PwP with moderate baseline-severity had an about 2fold chance (OR 2.08; 95% CI 1.20-3.61; P = 0.009) and with severe an about 6fold chance (OR 5.92; 95% CI 2.76-12.68; P < 0.0001) to benefit clinically meaningful. Discussion In a naturalistic setting of a specialized Parkinson's center, MCT improved ADL disability of PwP at least 4 weeks after discharge. Moderately and severely impaired patients were more likely to achieve clinically meaningful responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Ziegler
- Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologySchön Klinik München SchwabingMunichGermany,Katholische Stiftungshochschule MünchenUniversity of Applied ScienceMunichGermany
| | - Michael Messner
- Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologySchön Klinik München SchwabingMunichGermany
| | - Mario Paulig
- Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologySchön Klinik München SchwabingMunichGermany
| | - Klaus Starrost
- Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologySchön Klinik München SchwabingMunichGermany
| | - Bernd Reuschenbach
- Katholische Stiftungshochschule MünchenUniversity of Applied ScienceMunichGermany
| | - Urban M. Fietzek
- Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologySchön Klinik München SchwabingMunichGermany,Department of NeurologyUniversity of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Andres O. Ceballos‐Baumann
- Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologySchön Klinik München SchwabingMunichGermany,Department of NeurologyTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
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3
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Schneider SA, Mueller C, Biskup S, Fietzek UM, Schroeder AS. Neurodevelopmental disorder with dystonia due to SOX6 mutations. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e2051. [PMID: 36069193 PMCID: PMC9747553 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in SOX6 have recently been recognized as a new molecular cause of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by intellectual disability, behavioral changes, and nonspecific facial and digital skeletal abnormalities. To date, <25 cases have been reported in the literature. METHODS AND FINDINGS Here we report a new case of SOX6-associated neurodegeneration and expand the phenotype to include ceratoconus. The clinical picture consisted of early onset mildly reduced intellectual function, facial asymmetry, and dystonic tremor of hands and neck, substantially improved by levodopa. Skeletal abnormalities included scoliosis and hypertrophy of the mandibular coronoid process. A heterozygous de novo loss-of-function variant in SOX6 (c.277 C>T. p.Arg93*) was molecularly confirmed which leads to truncation of the SOX6 protein in its N-terminus, upstream of any known functional domain. CONCLUSION SOX6-associated neurodevelopmental delayis ultrarare with less than 25 cases described in the literature. We report a new case who presented with early-onset mildly reduced intellectual function, facial asymmetry, skeletal abnormalities and dystonic tremor of hands and neck, substantially improved by levodopa. Given the therapeutic implications, SOX6 mutations should be considered in patients with complex dystonia parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne A. Schneider
- Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - Christine Mueller
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine, Social Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's HospitalLMU ‐ University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - Saskia Biskup
- Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Urban M. Fietzek
- Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians UniversitätMunichGermany,Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologySchön Klinik München SchwabingMunichGermany
| | - Andreas Sebastian Schroeder
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine, Social Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's HospitalLMU ‐ University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians UniversitätMunichGermany
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Wuehr M, Schmidmeier F, Katzdobler S, Fietzek UM, Levin J, Zwergal A. Effects of Low-Intensity Vestibular Noise Stimulation on Postural Instability in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. J Parkinsons Dis 2022; 12:1611-1618. [PMID: 35491798 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-213127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postural instability is a major disabling factor in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) and often resistant to treatment. Previous studies indicated that imbalance in PD may be reduced by low-intensity noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS). OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential mode of action of this therapeutic effect. In particular, we examined whether nGVS-induced reductions of body sway in PD are compatible with stochastic resonance (SR), a mechanism by which weak sensory noise stimulation can paradoxically enhance sensory information transfer. METHODS Effects of nGVS of varying intensities (0-0.7 mA) on body sway were examined in 15 patients with PD standing with eye closed on a posturographic force plate. We assumed a bell-shaped response curve with maximal reductions of sway at intermediate nGVS intensities to be indicative of SR. An established SR-curve model was fitted on individual patient outcomes and three experienced human raters had to judge whether responses to nGVS were consistent with the exhibition of SR. RESULTS nGVS-induced reductions of body sway compatible with SR were found in 10 patients (67%) with optimal improvements of 23±13%. In 7 patients (47%), nGVS-induced sway reductions exceeded the minimally important clinical difference (optimal improvement: 30±10%), indicative of strong SR. This beneficial effect was more likely in patients with advanced PD (R = 0.45; p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS At least half of the assessed patients showed robust improvements in postural balance compatible with SR when treated with low-intensity nGVS. In particular, patients with more advanced disease stages and imbalance may benefit from the non-invasive and well-tolerated treatment with nGVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Wuehr
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Schmidmeier
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Katzdobler
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V., Munich, Germany
| | - Urban M Fietzek
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V., Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Zwergal
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Messerschmidt K, Barthel H, Brendel M, Scherlach C, Hoffmann KT, Rauchmann BS, Rullmann M, Marek K, Villemagne VL, Rumpf JJ, Saur D, Schroeter ML, Schildan A, Patt M, Beyer L, Song M, Palleis C, Katzdobler S, Fietzek UM, Respondek G, Scheifele M, Nitschmann A, Zach C, Barret O, Madonia J, Russell D, Stephens AW, Koglin N, Roeber S, Herms J, Bötzel K, Bartenstein P, Levin J, Seibyl JP, Höglinger G, Classen J, Sabri O. 18F-PI-2620 Tau PET Improves the Imaging Diagnosis of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:1754-1760. [PMID: 35422444 PMCID: PMC9635682 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a 4-repeat tauopathy movement disorder that can be imaged by the 18F-labeled tau PET tracer 2-(2-([18F]fluoro)pyridin-4-yl)-9H-pyrrolo[2,3-b:4,5-c']dipyridine (18F-PI-2620). The in vivo diagnosis is currently established on clinical grounds and supported by midbrain atrophy estimation in structural MRI. Here, we investigate whether 18F-PI-2620 tau PET has the potential to improve the imaging diagnosis of PSP. Methods: In this multicenter observational study, dynamic (0-60 min after injection) 18F-PI-2620 PET and structural MRI data for 36 patients with PSP, 22 with PSP-Richardson syndrome, and 14 with a clinical phenotype other than Richardson syndrome (i.e., variant PSP) were analyzed along with data for 10 age-matched healthy controls (HCs). The PET data underwent kinetic modeling, which resulted in distribution volume ratio (DVR) images. These and the MR images were visually assessed by 3 masked experts for typical PSP signs. Furthermore, established midbrain atrophy parameters were measured in structural MR images, and regional DVRs were measured in typical tau-in-PSP target regions in the PET data. Results: Visual assessments discriminated PSP patients and HCs with an accuracy of 63% for MRI and 80% for the combination of MRI and 18F-PI-2620 PET. As compared with patients of the PSP-Richardson syndrome subgroup, those of the variant PSP subgroup profited more in terms of sensitivity from the addition of the visual 18F-PI-2620 PET to the visual MRI information (35% vs. 22%). In quantitative image evaluation, midbrain-to-pons area ratio and globus pallidus DVRs discriminated best between the PSP patients and HCs, with sensitivities and specificities of 83% and 90%, respectively, for MRI and 94% and 100%, respectively, for the combination of MRI and 18F-PI-2620 PET. The gain of sensitivity by adding 18F-PI-2620 PET to MRI data was more marked in clinically less affected patients than in more affected patients (37% vs. 19% for visual, and 16% vs. 12% for quantitative image evaluation). Conclusion: These results provide evidence for an improved imaging-based PSP diagnosis by adding 18F-PI-2620 tau PET to structural MRI. This approach seems to be particularly promising at earlier disease stages and could be of value both for improving early clinical PSP diagnosis and for enriching PSP cohorts for trials of disease-modifying drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henryk Barthel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Site Munich, Bonn, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Cordula Scherlach
- Department of Neuroradiology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karl-Titus Hoffmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Michael Rullmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Victor L Villemagne
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jost-Julian Rumpf
- Department of Neurology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dorothee Saur
- Department of Neurology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias L Schroeter
- Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Schildan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marianne Patt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Leonie Beyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mengmeng Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carla Palleis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Katzdobler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Urban M Fietzek
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gesine Respondek
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maximilian Scheifele
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Nitschmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Zach
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sigrun Roeber
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen Herms
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kai Bötzel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Site Munich, Bonn, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Günter Höglinger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Site Munich, Bonn, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joseph Classen
- Department of Neurology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Osama Sabri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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Jain A, Abedinpour K, Polat O, Çalışkan MM, Asaei A, Pfister FMJ, Fietzek UM, Cernak M. Voice Analysis to Differentiate the Dopaminergic Response in People With Parkinson's Disease. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:667997. [PMID: 34135742 PMCID: PMC8200849 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.667997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans' voice offers the widest variety of motor phenomena of any human activity. However, its clinical evaluation in people with movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) lags behind current knowledge on advanced analytical automatic speech processing methodology. Here, we use deep learning-based speech processing to differentially analyze voice recordings in 14 people with PD before and after dopaminergic medication using personalized Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks (p-CRNN) and Phone Attribute Codebooks (PAC). p-CRNN yields an accuracy of 82.35% in the binary classification of ON and OFF motor states at a sensitivity/specificity of 0.86/0.78. The PAC-based approach's accuracy was slightly lower with 73.08% at a sensitivity/specificity of 0.69/0.77, but this method offers easier interpretation and understanding of the computational biomarkers. Both p-CRNN and PAC provide a differentiated view and novel insights into the distinctive components of the speech of persons with PD. Both methods detect voice qualities that are amenable to dopaminergic treatment, including active phonetic and prosodic features. Our findings may pave the way for quantitative measurements of speech in persons with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anubhav Jain
- Center for Innovation and Business Creation at Technical University of Munich (UnternehmerTUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Kian Abedinpour
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany
| | - Ozgur Polat
- Center for Innovation and Business Creation at Technical University of Munich (UnternehmerTUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Mine Melodi Çalışkan
- xMint, Yalova, Turkey.,Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Afsaneh Asaei
- Center for Innovation and Business Creation at Technical University of Munich (UnternehmerTUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Franz M J Pfister
- Department of Data Science, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Urban M Fietzek
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Milos Cernak
- Logitech Europe, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne - Quartier de l'Innovation, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Freezing of gait is a highly disabling symptom in persons with Parkinson's disease (PwP). Despite its episodic character, freezing can be reliably evaluated using the FOG score. The description of the minimal clinically relevant change is a requirement for a meaningful interpretation of its results. OBJECTIVE To determine the minimal clinically relevant change of the FOG score. METHODS We evaluated video recordings of a standardized freezing-evoking gait parkour, i.e., the FOG score just before and 30 minutes after the intake of a regular levodopa dose in a randomized blinded fashion. The minimal clinically relevant response was considered a value of one or more on a 7-step Likert-type response scale [-3; +3] that served as the anchor. The minimal clinically relevant change was determined by ROC analysis. RESULTS 37 PwP (Hoehn & Yahr stages 2.5-4, 27 male, 10 female) were aged 68.2 years on average (range 45-80). Mean disease duration was 12.9 years (2-29 years). Minimum FOG score was 0 and Maximum FOG score was 29. Mean FOG scores before medication were 10.6, and 11.1 after medication intake, with changes ranging from -14.7 to +16.7. The minimal clinically relevant change (MCRC) for improvement based on expert clinician rating was three scale points with a sensitivity of 0.67 and a specificity of 0.96. CONCLUSIONS The FOG score is recognized as a useful clinical instrument for the evaluation of freezing in the clinical setting. Knowledge of the MCRC should help to define responses to interventions that are discernible and meaningful to the expert physician and to the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban M Fietzek
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon J Schulz
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Ziegler
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres O Ceballos-Baumann
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
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8
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Pfister FMJ, Um TT, Pichler DC, Goschenhofer J, Abedinpour K, Lang M, Endo S, Ceballos-Baumann AO, Hirche S, Bischl B, Kulić D, Fietzek UM. High-Resolution Motor State Detection in Parkinson's Disease Using Convolutional Neural Networks. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5860. [PMID: 32246097 PMCID: PMC7125162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced Parkinson's disease regularly experience unstable motor states. Objective and reliable monitoring of these fluctuations is an unmet need. We used deep learning to classify motion data from a single wrist-worn IMU sensor recording in unscripted environments. For validation purposes, patients were accompanied by a movement disorder expert, and their motor state was passively evaluated every minute. We acquired a dataset of 8,661 minutes of IMU data from 30 patients, with annotations about the motor state (OFF,ON, DYSKINETIC) based on MDS-UPDRS global bradykinesia item and the AIMS upper limb dyskinesia item. Using a 1-minute window size as an input for a convolutional neural network trained on data from a subset of patients, we achieved a three-class balanced accuracy of 0.654 on data from previously unseen subjects. This corresponds to detecting the OFF, ON, or DYSKINETIC motor state at a sensitivity/specificity of 0.64/0.89, 0.67/0.67 and 0.64/0.89, respectively. On average, the model outputs were highly correlated with the annotation on a per subject scale (r = 0.83/0.84; p < 0.0001), and sustained so for the highly resolved time windows of 1 minute (r = 0.64/0.70; p < 0.0001). Thus, we demonstrate the feasibility of long-term motor-state detection in a free-living setting with deep learning using motion data from a single IMU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz M J Pfister
- Department of Computer Science, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Terry Taewoong Um
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Daniel C Pichler
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jann Goschenhofer
- Department of Computer Science, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kian Abedinpour
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Muriel Lang
- Chair of Information-Oriented Control, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Satoshi Endo
- Chair of Information-Oriented Control, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres O Ceballos-Baumann
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Hirche
- Chair of Information-Oriented Control, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Bischl
- Department of Computer Science, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dana Kulić
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Urban M Fietzek
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Krenovsky JP, Bötzel K, Ceballos-Baumann A, Fietzek UM, Schoser B, Maetzler W, Ferrari U, Drey M. Interrelation between Sarcopenia and the Number of Motor Neurons in Patients with Parkinsonian Syndromes. Gerontology 2020; 66:409-415. [PMID: 32088717 DOI: 10.1159/000505590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pathogenesis in a subgroup of sarcopenic patients seems to be based on a reduced number of motor neurons. This study aimed at investigating the overlap between sarcopenia and neurodegeneration, as reflected by a low number of motor neurons in patients with Parkinsonian syndromes (PS). METHODS The motor unit number index (MUNIX) of the hypothenar muscle was used to assess the number and size (MUSIX) of motor units (MUs) in patients with idiopathic Parkinson disease (iPD, n = 53), patients with atypical Parkinsonian syndrome (aPS, n = 21), and a control group (n = 30). Mean age of participants was 70.3 years and 54.1% were female. Skeletal muscle mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis, hand-grip strength and gait speed were measured. Based on these assessments, sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. RESULTS Sarcopenia criteria were met by 10 patients with PS (13.5%). The study group had significantly lower MUNIX values than the control group (109 [SD ±39.1] vs. 129 [SD ±45.1]; p = 0.020) even after adjustment for age and sex. Three of the 5 sarcopenic iPD patients (75%) had pathological low MUNIX values (<80). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Sarcopenia is a frequent comorbidity in PS. The pathologically low MUNIX values found in 75% of our sarcopenic iPD patients provides further support for the existence of a neurodegenerative overlap syndrome with a reduced number of MUs potentially leading to sarcopenia. This finding warrants further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Peter Krenovsky
- Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany,
| | - Kai Bötzel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Ceballos-Baumann
- Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Urban M Fietzek
- Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Schoser
- Friedrich Baur Institute at the Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Walter Maetzler
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Uta Ferrari
- Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Drey
- Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Nonnekes J, Giladi N, Guha A, Fietzek UM, Bloem BR, Růžička E. Gait festination in parkinsonism: introduction of two phenotypes. J Neurol 2018; 266:426-430. [PMID: 30536108 PMCID: PMC6373367 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-018-9146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Gait festination is one of the most characteristic gait disturbances in patients with Parkinson’s disease or atypical parkinsonism. Although festination is common and disabling, it has received little attention in the literature, and different definitions exist. Here, we argue that there are actually two phenotypes of festination. The first phenotype entails a primary locomotion disturbance, due to the so-called sequence effect: a progressive shortening of step length, accompanied by a compensatory increase in cadence. This phenotype strongly relates to freezing of gait with alternating trembling of the leg. The second phenotype results from a postural control problem (forward leaning of the trunk) combined with a balance control deficit (inappropriately small balance-correcting steps). In this viewpoint, we elaborate on the possible pathophysiological substrate of these two phenotypes of festination and discuss their management in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorik Nonnekes
- Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
| | - Nir Giladi
- Movement Disorders Unit, Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School for Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv Medical Centre, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anasuya Guha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Neurology, Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Urban M Fietzek
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Evžen Růžička
- Department of Neurology, Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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11
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Fietzek UM, Schroeteler FE, Hahn L, Ziegler K, Ceballos-Baumann AO. Body height loss characterizes camptocormia in Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1473-1480. [PMID: 30083816 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1912-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Axial deformities such as camptocormia or Pisa syndrome in people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) are poorly understood. The scarcity of information may result from the shortage of reliable and responsive evaluation instruments. We evaluated the body height loss (BHL) as a new measure for PwP with axial deformities. 50 PwP with axial deformity defined by an UPDRS item 28 value of at least 2 were included in this mono-center study. We measured body height while lying supine and after 1 min of standing, providing a percentage value of BHL, and compared this measure to other clinical variables. BHL depended on the Hoehn and Yahr clinical stage and correlated with clinical scales for function and mobility, but not with timely measures of the axial disorder such as age at diagnosis or duration of disease. ANOVA showed that only lumbar flexion explained the variability of BHL (F = 21.0, p < 0.0001), but not kyphosis (F = 0.4, p = 0.74) or lateroflexion (F = 0.6, p = 0.6). Re-test reliability of BHL was good with к = 0.76 (p < 0.0001). BHL resulted from the lumbar spine and the hip joint and not from the thoracic spine or lateroflexion. This observation conforms to the concept of upper-type and lower-type camptocormia with only the latter leading to a BHL. The assessment of the BHL is shown to be a well defined, easy to perform, and reliable measure for the clinical evaluation of lower-type camptocormia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban M Fietzek
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Centre for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Parzivalplatz 4, 80804, Munich, Germany.
| | - Frauke E Schroeteler
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Centre for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Parzivalplatz 4, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Hahn
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Centre for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Parzivalplatz 4, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Ziegler
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Centre for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Parzivalplatz 4, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres O Ceballos-Baumann
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Centre for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Parzivalplatz 4, 80804, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
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12
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Fietzek UM, Paulig M, Fischer P, Ceballos-Baumann AO, Neuhaus O. Freezing of gait as a complication of multiple sclerosis. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2018; 54:121-122. [PMID: 29680309 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Urban M Fietzek
- Dept. of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany.
| | - Mario Paulig
- Dept. of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick Fischer
- Dept. of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres O Ceballos-Baumann
- Dept. of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany; Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Neuhaus
- Department of Neurology, SRH Kliniken Landkreis Sigmaringen, Sigmaringen, Germany
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13
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Fietzek UM, Stuhlinger L, Plate A, Ceballos-Baumann A, Bötzel K. Spatial constraints evoke increased number of steps during turning in Parkinson's disease. Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 128:1954-1960. [PMID: 28829978 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.07.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Turning and limitations to step length were shown to trigger progressive shortening of steps, which can lead to freezing of gait. By reducing the base area in which the turn had to take place, we aimed to evaluate the contribution of spatial constraints on 360° axial turns in people with Parkinson's disease with and without freezing. METHODS We evaluated 40 patients with and without freezing and 16 age-matched healthy subjects. We assessed clinical data, and used body-worn inertial sensors to describe stepping and turn duration of 360° in quadratic squares of different sizes marked on the floor. RESULTS We found that, when subjects had to perform turns in smaller as compared to larger squares, this spatial constraint strongly affected the turning behavior, i.e. increased the number of steps, and the duration of turns. However, turning was significantly more impaired in patients as compared to controls, and patients with freezing were significantly worse as patients without freezing. CONCLUSION Our data show that spatial constraint during axial turning has the potential to deteriorate stepping performance, especially in patients reporting freezing of gait. SIGNIFICANCE The size of the base area needs to be defined in any item or scale that makes diagnostic use of turning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban M Fietzek
- Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Dept. of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Annika Plate
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Munich (LMU), Germany
| | - Andres Ceballos-Baumann
- Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Dept. of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Munich, Germany; Dept. of Neurology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany
| | - Kai Bötzel
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Munich (LMU), Germany
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14
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Simons JA, Fietzek UM, Waldmann A, Warnecke T, Schuster T, Ceballos-Baumann AO. Development and validation of a new screening questionnaire for dysphagia in early stages of Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2014; 20:992-8. [PMID: 25012695 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysphagia in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) significantly reduces quality of life and predicted lifetime. Current screening procedures are insufficiently evaluated. We aimed to develop and validate a patient-reported outcome questionnaire for early diagnosis of dysphagia in patients with PD. METHODS The two-phased project comprised the questionnaire, diagnostic scales construction (N = 105), and a validation study (N = 82). Data for the project were gathered from PD patients at a German Movement Disorder Center. For validation purposes, a clinical evaluation focusing on swallowing tests, tests of sensory reflexes, and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) was performed that yielded a criteria sum score against which the results of the questionnaire were compared. Specificity and sensitivity were evaluated for the detection of noticeable dysphagia and for the risk of aspiration. RESULTS The Munich Dysphagia Test - Parkinson's disease (MDT-PD) consists of 26 items that show high internal consistency (α = 0.91). For the validation study, 82 patients, aged 70.9 ± 8.7 (mean ± SD), with a median Hoehn & Yahr stage of 3, were assessed. 73% of patients had dysphagia with noticeable oropharyngeal symptoms (44%) or with penetration/aspiration (29%). The criteria sum score correlated positively with the screening result (r = 0.70, p < 0.001). The MDT-PD sum score classified not noticeable dysphagia vs. risk of aspiration (noticeable dysphagia) with a sensitivity of 90% (82%) and a specificity of 86% (71%), and yielded similar results in cross-validation, respectively. CONCLUSIONS MDT-PD is a valid screening tool for early diagnosis of swallowing problems and aspiration risk, as well as initial graduation of dysphagia severity in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine A Simons
- Institute for Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Schön Klinik München Schwabing (MSW), Munich, Germany.
| | - Urban M Fietzek
- Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Schön Klinik München Schwabing (MSW), Munich, Germany
| | - Annika Waldmann
- Institute for Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tobias Warnecke
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Tibor Schuster
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Andrés O Ceballos-Baumann
- Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Schön Klinik München Schwabing (MSW), Munich, Germany
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15
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Lehnerer SM, Fietzek UM, Messner M, Ceballos-Baumann AO. Subacute peripheral neuropathy under duodopa therapy without cobalamin deficiency and despite supplementation. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2014; 121:1269-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-014-1204-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Fietzek UM, Schroeteler FE, Ziegler K, Zwosta J, Ceballos-Baumann AO. Randomized cross-over trial to investigate the efficacy of a two-week physiotherapy programme with repetitive exercises of cueing to reduce the severity of freezing of gait in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Clin Rehabil 2014; 28:902-11. [DOI: 10.1177/0269215514527299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the efficacy of a two-week programme of repetitive exercise with cueing and movement strategies upon freezing of gait in people with Parkinson’s disease. Design: Randomized cross-over trial. Setting: Specialist clinic for Parkinson’s disease. Subjects: A total of 22 patients with Parkinson’s disease and freezing while other symptoms had favorably responded to dopaminergic treatment. Intervention: Patients were randomized into a four-week cross-over trial, and received either treatment (Group 1) or no treatment (Group 2) during Period 1, and switched during Period 2. Treatment consisted of a two-week programme during which the patients exercised cueing, and movement strategies together with a physiotherapist. Main measure: The primary outcome measure was a freezing score assessed from blinded and random ratings of video recordings. The secondary outcome measure was a patient-reported freezing questionnaire. Mean differences between the treatment periods (treatment arms) were evaluated for treatment (period) effects. Sums of treatment periods were evaluated for carry-over effects. Results: The programme led to a significant treatment effect in the freezing score of 3.0 improvement (95% confidence interval 0.9–5.0; p < 0.01). No carry-over or period effects were detected. The questionnaire revealed a period effect, so groups were compared after Period 1, where a significant difference was found (15.0 vs. 11.7; p < 0.05). Conclusions: The two-week physiotherapy programme reduced the severity of freezing in patients with Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jens Zwosta
- Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany
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17
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Fietzek UM, Kossmehl P, Schelosky L, Ebersbach G, Wissel J. Early botulinum toxin treatment for spastic pes equinovarus--a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Eur J Neurol 2014; 21:1089-1095. [PMID: 24754350 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Spastic pes equinovarus is a frequent pathological posture of the lower extremity. Botulinum toxin (BoNT/A) has been successfully applied to treat lower limb spasticity. However, the best time to initiate treatment remains unclear. A beneficial effect of an early treatment has been suggested in previous studies. METHODS A single-centre double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial was performed to investigate the efficacy of BoNT/A to reduce muscle hypertonicity at the ankle. Fifty-two patients with unilateral or bilateral spastic pes equinovarus with a modified Ashworth score (mAS) of at least 1+ after stroke, traumatic brain injury or hypoxic encephalopathy were allocated to receive either BoNT/A or placebo treatment. A second, open injection was optional at week 12. Patients received unilateral or bilateral injections with 230 or 460 U onabotulinumtoxinA, respectively. The course of the mAS was explored during the open study phase. RESULTS Patients who had received BoNT/A treatment had lower mAS compared with placebo at week 12 (P < 0.01). During the open label phase, patients from the placebo group showed further deterioration of muscle tone despite starting from a similar baseline and receiving BoNT treatment. Spastic feet that had received BoNT/A in the first cycle had comparatively lower mAS scores over all follow-up data and at week 24 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates a reduction of muscular hypertonicity in spastic pes equines with BoNT/A treatment given during the first 3 months after the lesion. Exploratory analyses of the course of muscular hypertonicity during the open phase favour earlier to later treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- U M Fietzek
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Munich, Germany
| | - P Kossmehl
- Kliniken Beelitz, Neurological Rehabilitation Medical Centre, Beelitz-Heilstätten, Germany
| | - L Schelosky
- Department of Neurology, Kantonsspital Münsterlingen, Münsterlingen, Switzerland
| | - G Ebersbach
- Kliniken Beelitz, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Beelitz-Heilstätten, Germany
| | - J Wissel
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Vivantes Klinikum Spandau, Berlin, Germany
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18
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Fietzek UM, Zwosta J, Schroeteler FE, Ziegler K, Ceballos-Baumann AO. Levodopa changes the severity of freezing in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2013; 19:894-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Koerte IK, Schroeder AS, Fietzek UM, Borggraefe I, Kerscher M, Berweck S, Reiser M, Ertl-Wagner B, Heinen F. Muscle atrophy beyond the clinical effect after a single dose of OnabotulinumtoxinA injected in the procerus muscle: a study with magnetic resonance imaging. Dermatol Surg 2013; 39:761-5. [PMID: 23379599 DOI: 10.1111/dsu.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Botulinum toxin is a powerful and often used agent to treat dynamic rhytides. Focal and reversible neurogenic atrophy is considered to be the relevant mechanism of action. OBJECTIVE To investigate the loss and regain of muscular volume in relation to clinical wrinkle severity as assessed using standardized scales. METHODS The facial procerus and corrugator supercilii muscles were injected in two drug-naïve men with 20 U of onabotulinumtoxinA at five injection points (onA). Two men served as controls (one with the same volume of placebo injection using saline solution, one without any intervention). All subjects underwent 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging before and after the injection and 1, 4, 6, 10, and 12 months after the injection. Standardized photographs were taken at each test point. RESULTS Volumetric muscle analysis revealed a 46% to 48% reduction in procerus muscle volume lasting for 12 months after a single dose of onA; glabellar line severity returned to the drug-naïve status after 6 to 10 months. CONCLUSION The gap between long-term focal muscular atrophy and regained function remains to be elucidated. Future studies will be needed to investigate the complex interaction between focal neurogenic atrophy and potential compensatory functional muscle changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga K Koerte
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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Zhao Y, Ramesberger S, Fietzek UM, D'Angelo LT, Luth TC. A novel wearable laser device to regulate stride length in Parkinson's disease. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2013; 2013:5895-5898. [PMID: 24111080 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6610893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Decreased stride length is a highly relevant characteristic of the gait in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In this paper, a novel wearable laser device for stride length regulation is presented. The device is mounted to one foot and can project a red laser light strip to the floor as a visual cue for the other foot. In the experiment twelve healthy volunteers walked a 20 m straight walkway wearing the system on both feet. As an objective result, the stride length regulation reached an accuracy of 96.1 ± 2.5 (94.0 ± 3.5) % for a pre-defined stride length λdef= 55 (65) cm. The subjective evaluation by the participants using a questionnaire revealed that the visual cue projected from the laser device was considered a stable signal that did not shake during walking. 6 of 12 participants felt that this device was not interfering with their gait, 3 of 12 judged this aspect neutrally, and 3 of 12 considered it somehow bothersome.
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Schroeteler FE, Fietzek UM, Ziegler K, Ceballos-Baumann AO. Upright posture in parkinsonian camptocormia using a high-frame walker with forearm support. Mov Disord 2011; 26:1560-1. [PMID: 21520281 DOI: 10.1002/mds.23585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Schröder AS, Fietzek UM, Pavicic T, Stehr M, Baumann AC, Ruzicka T, Heinen F. [Botulinum toxin--the all-rounder in medicine]. MMW Fortschr Med 2011; 153:33-9; quiz 40. [PMID: 22165615 DOI: 10.1007/bf03367697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Sebastian Schröder
- Abt. für Pädiatrische Neurologie, Entwicklungsneurologie, Sozialpädiatrie, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
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Ziegler K, Schroeteler F, Ceballos-Baumann AO, Fietzek UM. A new rating instrument to assess festination and freezing gait in Parkinsonian patients. Mov Disord 2010; 25:1012-8. [PMID: 20310009 DOI: 10.1002/mds.22993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Festination and freezing of gait (FOG) are sudden episodic inabilities to initiate or sustain locomotion mostly experienced during the later stages of Parkinson's disease (PD) or other higher-level gait disorders. The aim of this study was to develop a clinical rating instrument for short-interval rating of festination and FOG. Foot movements of 33 patients were video taped and rated during 12 episodes in a standardized course on a four-level interval scale according to severity. Motor blocks were provoked in four situations and by three levels of dual-tasking (tasks). Addition of the item scores produced a FOG score. The assessment requires less than 15 min. The inter-rater and re-test reliability of the FOG score is high (Kendall kappa = 0.85-0.92, P < 0.0001). Variability of the item scale due to situations and tasks can be attributed to unidimensional group factors (Cronbach's alpha 0.84 and 0.94). Group comparisons and a logistic regression model show significant effects for both situations and tasks on the item scale (Friedman test: "situation": P < 0.0001, "task": P < 0.0001). Six patients with PD have significantly different scores during mobile (practical ON; 6.2 +/- 3.9) and immobile (practical OFF; 15.8 +/- 4.6) medication states (P < 0.05). The FOG score correlates with the 10 m number of steps (rho = 0.58; P = 0.001) and with the self-evaluation of FOG (rho = 0.51; P < 0.01). Our results encourage the further use of the FOG score to evaluate festination and FOG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Ziegler
- Neurologisches Krankenhaus München, Schön Kliniken, Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Munich, Germany
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Fietzek UM, Schroeder AS, Wissel J, Heinen F, Berweck S. Split-screen video demonstration of sonography-guided muscle identification and injection of botulinum toxin. Mov Disord 2010; 25:2225-8. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.23113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Fietzek UM, Schroeteler FE, Ceballos-Baumann AO. Goal attainment after treatment of parkinsonian camptocormia with botulinum toxin. Mov Disord 2010; 24:2027-8. [PMID: 19645067 DOI: 10.1002/mds.22676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Walther M, Berweck S, Schessl J, Linder-Lucht M, Fietzek UM, Glocker FX, Heinen F, Mall V. Maturation of inhibitory and excitatory motor cortex pathways in children. Brain Dev 2009; 31:562-7. [PMID: 19329268 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2009.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Revised: 02/03/2009] [Accepted: 02/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study intracortical inhibition and facilitation with paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation in children, adolescents and adults. METHODS Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (interstimulus intervals (ISI): 1, 3, 5, 10 and 20 ms) was applied over the primary motor cortex (M1) in 30 healthy subjects (range 6-30 years, median age 15 years and 8 months, SD 7,9) divided in three groups: adults (>or=18 years), adolescents (> 10 and < 18 years) and children (<or=10 years). RESULTS We observed significantly less intracortical inhibition (SICI) in children's M1 compared to that of adults. Adolescents showed significantly less SICI at the 5 ms interval than did adults. No significant differences were apparent in intracortical facilitation (ICF). CONCLUSION We postulate that, as in adults, the maturing M1 possesses horizontal glutamatergic cross-links that represent the neuronal substrate of excitatory intracortical pathways. GABAergic interneurons, the neuronal substrate of inhibitory intracortical pathways, mature between childhood and adulthood. Reduced GABAergic inhibition may facilitate neuronal plasticity and motor learning in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Walther
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Muscular Disorders, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Freiburg, Mathildenstrasse 1, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Hufschmidt A, Müller-Felber W, Tzitiridou M, Fietzek UM, Haberl C, Heinen F. Canalicular magnetic stimulation lacks specificity to differentiate idiopathic facial palsy from borreliosis in children. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2008; 12:366-70. [PMID: 18206409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2007] [Revised: 09/04/2007] [Accepted: 10/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to differentiate between idiopathic facial nerve palsy (iFNP) and facial nerve palsy due to borreliosis (bFNP). PATIENTS AND METHODS Transcranial and intracanalicular magnetic and peripheral electrical stimulation of the facial nerve together with clinical grading according to the House and Brackmann scale were performed in 14 children and adolescents with facial palsy (median age 11.5 yr, range 4.6-16.5 yr). Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were evaluated for antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi and CSF cell count, glucose and protein content were screened with methods of routine laboratory testing. Data of patients were compared with normal values established in 10 healthy subjects (median age 10.2 yr, range 5.1-15.3 yr). RESULTS Patients with iFNP showed a significant decrease in MEP amplitude to canalicular magnetic stimulation compared with healthy controls (p=0.03). However, MEP amplitude did not discriminate sufficiently between the two groups, because the ranges of dispersion of MEP amplitudes overlapped. Patients with bFNP had normal MEP amplitudes to canalicular magnetic stimulation compared with normal subjects. CONCLUSION Diagnostic assessment by TMS failed to provide a reliable diagnostic criterion for distinguishing between iFNP and bFNP in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hufschmidt
- Department of Neurology, Verbundkrankenhaus Bernkastel-Wittlich, Koblenzer Street 91, Wittlich, Germany.
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Brodbeck V, Mühe C, Armbruster S, Weber G, Jansen V, Fietzek UM, Heinen F. Lamotrigine in Pediatric Epileptology: Long-Term Profile of Cognition and Vigilance in 120 Patients (the L-Child Project). KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-831939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Schwerin A, Berweck S, Fietzek UM, Heinen F. Botulinum toxin B treatment in children with spastic movement disorders: a pilot study. Pediatr Neurol 2004; 31:109-13. [PMID: 15301829 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2003.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2003] [Accepted: 12/29/2003] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of adult and pediatric patients suffering from movement disorders with elevated muscle tone includes the application of focally denervating botulinum toxins. Dystonic movement disorders in adult patients have been treated successfully using botulinum toxin type B (NeuroBloc). Thus far, there has been no systematic treatment of children with botulinum toxin type B. This study reports on the treatment of 29 children with spastic or dystonic movement disorders using botulinum toxin type B in an open-label pilot study. Sixty-two treatment sessions were performed. In 33 of these sessions, the therapy goal that had been defined before intervention was attained or surpassed. Seventeen nonresponders to botulinum toxin type A were also included in the treatment, 11 of whom attained the therapy goal. Side effects were observed in 24% of all treatments, dry mouth being the most frequent (10%), in some cases having a desirable clinical effect. With this preliminary data as a basis, we recommend a maximum dose for children of 400 U botulinum toxin type B per kg body weight, which should not exceed a total of 10,000 U botulinum toxin type B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anette Schwerin
- Children's Hospital, Klinikum Duisburg, Wedau Kliniken, Duisburg, Germany
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Herrmann J, Geth K, Mall V, Bigalke H, Schulte Mönting J, Linder M, Kirschner J, Berweck S, Korinthenberg R, Heinen F, Fietzek UM. Clinical impact of antibody formation to botulinum toxin A in children. Ann Neurol 2004; 55:732-5. [PMID: 15122715 DOI: 10.1002/ana.20098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We studied the clinical impact of neutralizing antibodies to botulinum toxin A that occurred during long-term treatment of children between 1993 and 2001. Antibodies were found in high titers in 35 of 110 (31.8%) samples from individual patients. Antibody formation correlated with secondary nonresponse (p < 0.001). The most significant risk factors for antibody formation were the frequency of treatments (p = 0.0001) and the injection of a higher weight-adapted maximum dose per treatment (p = 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Herrmann
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, University Clinic Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Mall V, Berweck S, Fietzek UM, Glocker FX, Oberhuber U, Walther M, Schessl J, Schulte-Mönting J, Korinthenberg R, Heinen F. Low level of intracortical inhibition in children shown by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Neuropediatrics 2004; 35:120-5. [PMID: 15127311 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-815834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an established neurophysiological tool to evaluate the integrity and maturation of the corticospinal tract. TMS was used in this study to compare intracortical inhibition (ICI) in children, adolescents, and adults. The paired-pulse technique of TMS with interstimulus intervals of 2 ms was used to determine the ratio of conditioned (cMEP) and unconditioned amplitudes (ucMEP) that measures ICI. In experiment 1 (Exp 1) stimulus intensity was adapted to motor threshold (50 healthy subjects; 24 male, 26 female, median age 13.5 years, range 6.3 - 34 years) and in experiment 2 (Exp 2) stimulus intensity was adapted to the ucMEP (200 - 400 microV). Children (quotient of cMEP and ucMEP: Exp. 1: 0.71 +/- 0.41, Exp. 2: 0.82 +/- 0.25) had significantly less ICI compared to adults (Exp. 1: 0.21 +/- 0.19, mean +/- STD, Exp. 2: 0.35 +/- 0.22, in both experiments p < 0.001). Recently, ICI has been linked to the regulating function of GABAergic cortical interneurons on practice-dependent neuronal plasticity. Therefore, the lower ICI in children points to maturation processes that may have implications for the greater capacity of practice-dependent neuronal plasticity in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Mall
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Kirschner J, Moll GH, Fietzek UM, Heinrich H, Mall V, Berweck S, Heinen F, Rothenberger A. Methylphenidate enhances both intracortical inhibition and facilitation in healthy adults. Pharmacopsychiatry 2003; 36:79-82. [PMID: 12734766 DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-39049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to investigate the effect of the psychostimulant drug methylphenidate (MPH) on motor cortex excitability in healthy adults (n = 12) in a placebo-controlled, crossover design study. MPH caused an enhancement of intracortical inhibition as well as intracortical facilitation. Enhancement of both of these TMS parameters was unexpected and suggests that MPH exerts its action on the motor cortex not only through the dopaminergic neurotransmitter system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kirschner
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Diseases, Universitäts-Kinderklinik, Freiburg, Germany.
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Fietzek UM, Heinen F, Berweck S, Maute S, Hufschmidt A, Schulte-Mönting J, Lücking CH, Korinthenberg R. Development of the corticospinal system and hand motor function: central conduction times and motor performance tests. Dev Med Child Neurol 2000; 42:220-7. [PMID: 10795559 DOI: 10.1017/s0012162200000384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Maturation of the corticospinal (CS) tract and hand motor function provide paradigms for central nervous system development. In this study, involving 112 participants (aged from 0.2 to 30 years), we evaluated central motor conduction times (CMCT) obtained with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during preinnervation conditions of facilitation and relaxation. Auditory reaction time, velocity of a ballistic movement of the arm, finger tapping, diadochokinesis, and fine motor visuomanual tracking were also examined. The maturation profiles for every parameter were calculated. CMCTs for the different preinnervation conditions reached adult values at different times and this could be explained by maturation of excitability at the cortical and spinal level. A stable phase for CMCTs and reaction time was reached during childhood. Parameters which measured motor speed and skill indicated that the development of these continued into adulthood. The maturation of the fast CS tract seems to be completed before the acquisition of the related motor performance has been accomplished. In conclusion, we could demonstrate that data from several neurophysiological methods can be combined and used to study the maturation of the function of the nervous system. This approach could allow appraisal of pathological conditions that show parallels with omissions or lack of developmental progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- U M Fietzek
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, University of Freiburg, Germany
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Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation and motor performance tests were used to study the correlation between corticospinal maturation and actual motor performance in a group of young school children (n = 10, mean age = 7 years, age range = 6-9 years). The results were compared with normal adults (n = 10, mean age = 24 years, age range = 22-26 years). In children the central conduction time under the preinnervation condition of facilitation and the postexcitatory silent period was similar to that in adults. However, the central conduction time under relaxation, the latency jump (defined as the difference between the two preinnervation conditions), and the stimulus intensity were statistically different between children and adults (P < 0.01-0.001). Children did not reach the same level of performance as adults in any of the motor performance tasks (simple acoustic reaction time, tapping, ballistic movement, tracking, and diadochokinesis) (P < 0.05-0.01). The results indicate that at an early school age, children already possess mature fast corticospinal pathways able to access spinal motoneurons through the pyramidal tract. However, despite the partially adult-like level of neuronal maturation, young school children were not able to perform deliberate motor actions with the same proficiency as adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Heinen
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Freiburg, Germany
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