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Faizullin DA, Valiullina YA, Salnikov VV, Zuev YF. Fibrinogen Adsorption on the Lipid Surface as a Factor of Regulation of Fibrin Formation. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350921010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Shaymardanova GF, Salnikov VV. Localization of Annexin V and Agrin in the Intact Sciatic Nerve of Mice. NEUROCHEM J+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712420030095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bakirova DR, Faizullin DA, Valiullina YA, Salnikov VV, Zuev YF. Effect of Lipid Surface Composition on the Formation and Structure of Fibrin Clots. Bull Exp Biol Med 2017; 163:722-725. [PMID: 29063338 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3889-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We studied the influence of lipid surface composition on the kinetics of fibrin clot formation and its structure. It was shown that lipid surface affects all phases of fibrin polymerization and chances clot morphology. The magnitude and character of the effect depend on the charge and phase state of lipids that determine the interaction of fibrinogen with the lipid surface and its conformational changes, which modulated the process of fibrinogen conversion into fibrin and, as a result, the formation and morphology of the fibrin clot.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Bakirova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Research Center, Russian Academy of Science, Kazan, Russia.
| | - D A Faizullin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Research Center, Russian Academy of Science, Kazan, Russia
| | - Yu A Valiullina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Research Center, Russian Academy of Science, Kazan, Russia
| | - V V Salnikov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Research Center, Russian Academy of Science, Kazan, Russia
| | - Yu F Zuev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Research Center, Russian Academy of Science, Kazan, Russia
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Zueva OS, Makshakova ON, Idiyatullin BZ, Faizullin DA, Benevolenskaya NN, Borovskaya AO, Sharipova EA, Osin YN, Salnikov VV, Zuev YF. Structure and properties of aqueous dispersions of sodium dodecyl sulfate with carbon nanotubes. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-016-1437-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gorshkov VY, Daminova AG, Mikshina PV, Petrova OE, Ageeva MV, Salnikov VV, Gorshkova TA, Gogolev YV. Pathogen-induced conditioning of the primary xylem vessels - a prerequisite for the formation of bacterial emboli by Pectobacterium atrosepticum. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2016; 18:609-17. [PMID: 26992469 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Representatives of Pectobacterium genus are some of the most harmful phytopathogens in the world. In the present study, we have elucidated novel aspects of plant-Pectobacterium atrosepticum interactions. This bacterium was recently demonstrated to form specific 'multicellular' structures - bacterial emboli in the xylem vessels of infected plants. In our work, we showed that the process of formation of these structures includes the pathogen-induced reactions of the plant. The colonisation of the plant by P. atrosepticum is coupled with the release of a pectic polysaccharide, rhamnogalacturonan I, into the vessel lumen from the plant cell wall. This polysaccharide gives rise to a gel that serves as a matrix for bacterial emboli. P. atrosepticum-caused infection involves an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the vessels, creating the conditions for the scission of polysaccharides and modification of plant cell wall composition. Both the release of rhamnogalacturonan I and the increase in ROS precede colonisation of the vessels by bacteria and occur only in the primary xylem vessels, the same as the subsequent formation of bacterial emboli. Since the appearance of rhamnogalacturonan I and increase in ROS levels do not hamper the bacterial cells and form a basis for the assembly of bacterial emboli, these reactions may be regarded as part of the susceptible response of the plant. Bacterial emboli thus represent the products of host-pathogen integration, since the formation of these structures requires the action of both partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Y Gorshkov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
- Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - A G Daminova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
| | - P V Mikshina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
| | - O E Petrova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
| | - M V Ageeva
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
| | - V V Salnikov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
- Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - T A Gorshkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
| | - Y V Gogolev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
- Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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Boytsov AY, Donets DE, Donets ED, Donets EE, Katagiri K, Noda K, Ponkin DO, Ramzdorf AY, Salnikov VV, Shutov VB. Electron string ion sources for carbon ion cancer therapy accelerators. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:083308. [PMID: 26329182 DOI: 10.1063/1.4927821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The type of the Electron String Ion Sources (ESIS) is considered to be the appropriate one to produce pulsed C(4+) and C(6+) ion beams for cancer therapy accelerators. In fact, the new test ESIS Krion-6T already now provides more than 10(10) C(4+) ions per pulse and about 5 × 10(9) C(6+) ions per pulse. Such ion sources could be suitable to apply at synchrotrons. It has also been found that Krion-6T can provide more than 10(11) C(6+) ions per second at the 100 Hz repetition rate, and the repetition rate can be increased at the same or larger ion output per second. This makes ESIS applicable at cyclotrons as well. ESIS can be also a suitable type of ion source to produce the (11)C radioactive ion beams. A specialized cryogenic cell was experimentally tested at the Krion-2M ESIS for pulse injection of gaseous species into the electron string. It has been shown in experiments with stable methane that the total conversion efficiency of methane molecules to C(4+) ions reached 5%÷10%. For cancer therapy with simultaneous irradiation and precise dose control (positron emission tomography) by means of (11)C, transporting to the tumor with the primary accelerated (11)C(4+) beam, this efficiency is preliminarily considered to be large enough to produce the (11)C(4+) beam from radioactive methane and to inject this beam into synchrotrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yu Boytsov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - D E Donets
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - E D Donets
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - E E Donets
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - K Katagiri
- National Institute of Radiological Science, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - K Noda
- National Institute of Radiological Science, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - D O Ponkin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - A Yu Ramzdorf
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - V V Salnikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - V B Shutov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
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Donets DE, Donets EE, Honma T, Noda K, Ramzdorf AY, Salnikov VV, Shutov VB, Donets ED. Physics research and technology developments of electron string ion sources. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:02A512. [PMID: 22380208 DOI: 10.1063/1.3678660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The most recent experimental information on electron string phenomenon, such as two step transition to electron string state, stability of e-strings in condition of electron energy recuperation, are described. The new technology developments of electron string ion sources (ESIS) include pulse injection of gaseous species in e-string and its efficient conversion to ion beams, slow ion extraction, ion-ion cooling of heavy ions with CH(4) coolant, and a progress in the construction of the new Joint Institute for Nuclear Research ESIS with 6 T solenoid are briefly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Donets
- Veksler and Baldin Laboratory of High Energy Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
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Donets DE, Donets ED, Donets EE, Salnikov VV, Shutov VB, Syresin EM. Production and ion-ion cooling of highly charged ions in electron string ion source. Rev Sci Instrum 2009; 80:063304. [PMID: 19566200 DOI: 10.1063/1.3152336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The scheme of an internal injection of Au atoms into the working space of the "Krion-2" electron string ion source (ESIS) was applied and tested. In this scheme Au atoms are evaporated from the thin tungsten wire surface in vicinity of the source electron string. Ion beams with charge states up to Au51+ were produced. Ion-ion cooling with use of C and O coolant ions was studied. It allowed increasing of the Au51+ ion yield by a factor of 2. Ions of Kr up to charge state 28+ were also produced in the source. Electron strings were first formed with injection electron energy up to 6 keV. Methods to increase the ESIS ion output are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Donets
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
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Abstract
This article discusses the importance and implications of regulating carbon partitioning to cellulose synthesis, the characteristics of cells that serve as major sinks for cellulose deposition, and enzymes that participate in the conversion of supplied carbon to cellulose. Cotton fibers, which deposit almost pure cellulose into their secondary cell walls, are referred to as a primary model system. For sucrose synthase, we discuss its proposed role in channeling UDP-Glc to cellulose synthase during secondary wall deposition, its gene family, its manipulation in transgenic plants, and mechanisms that may regulate its association with sites of polysaccharide synthesis. For cellulose synthase, we discuss the organization of the gene family and how protein diversity could relate to control of carbon partitioning to cellulose synthesis. Other enzymes emphasized include UDP-Glc pyrophosphorylase and sucrose phosphate synthase. New data are included on phosphorylation of cotton fiber sucrose synthase, possible regulation by Ca2+ of sucrose synthase localization, electron microscopic immunolocalization of sucrose synthase in cotton fibers, and phylogenetic relationships between cellulose synthase proteins, including three new ones identified in differentiating tracheary elements of Zinnia elegans. We develop a model for metabolism related to cellulose synthesis that implicates the changing intracellular localization of sucrose synthase as a molecular switch between survival metabolism and growth and/or differentiation processes involving cellulose synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Haigler
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409-3131, USA.
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Abstract
This article discusses the importance and implications of regulating carbon partitioning to cellulose synthesis, the characteristics of cells that serve as major sinks for cellulose deposition, and enzymes that participate in the conversion of supplied carbon to cellulose. Cotton fibers, which deposit almost pure cellulose into their secondary cell walls, are referred to as a primary model system. For sucrose synthase, we discuss its proposed role in channeling UDP-Glc to cellulose synthase during secondary wall deposition, its gene family, its manipulation in transgenic plants, and mechanisms that may regulate its association with sites of polysaccharide synthesis. For cellulose synthase, we discuss the organization of the gene family and how protein diversity could relate to control of carbon partitioning to cellulose synthesis. Other enzymes emphasized include UDP-Glc pyrophosphorylase and sucrose phosphate synthase. New data are included on phosphorylation of cotton fiber sucrose synthase, possible regulation by Ca2+ of sucrose synthase localization, electron microscopic immunolocalization of sucrose synthase in cotton fibers, and phylogenetic relationships between cellulose synthase proteins, including three new ones identified in differentiating tracheary elements of Zinnia elegans. We develop a model for metabolism related to cellulose synthesis that implicates the changing intracellular localization of sucrose synthase as a molecular switch between survival metabolism and growth and/or differentiation processes involving cellulose synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Haigler
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409-3131, USA.
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Abstract
The synthesis of crystalline cellulose microfibrils in plants is a highly coordinated process that occurs at the interface of the cortex, plasma membrane, and cell wall. There is evidence that cellulose biogenesis is facilitated by the interaction of several proteins, but the details are just beginning to be understood. In particular, sucrose synthase, microtubules, and actin have been proposed to possibly associate with cellulose synthases (microfibril terminal complexes) in the plasma membrane. Differentiating tracheary elements of Zinnia elegans L. were used as a model system to determine the localization of sucrose synthase and actin in relation to the plasma membrane and its underlying microtubules during the deposition of patterned, cellulose-rich secondary walls. Cortical actin occurs with similar density both between and under secondary wall thickenings. In contrast, sucrose synthase is highly enriched near the plasma membrane and the microtubules under the secondary wall thickenings. Both actin and sucrose synthase lie closer to the plasma membrane than the microtubules. These results show that the preferential localization of sucrose synthase at sites of high-rate cellulose synthesis can be generalized beyond cotton fibers, and they establish a spatial context for further work on a multi-protein complex that may facilitate secondary wall cellulose synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Salnikov
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Box 43131, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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Gorshkova TA, Wyatt SE, Salnikov VV, Gibeaut DM, Ibragimov MR, Lozovaya VV, Carpita NC. Cell-Wall Polysaccharides of Developing Flax Plants. Plant Physiol 1996; 110:721-729. [PMID: 12226214 PMCID: PMC157770 DOI: 10.1104/pp.110.3.721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) fibers originate from procambial cells of the protophloem and develop in cortical bundles that encircle the vascular cylinder. We determined the polysaccharide composition of the cell walls from various organs of the developing flax plant, from fiber-rich strips peeled from the stem, and from the xylem. Ammonium oxalate-soluble polysaccharides from all tissues contained 5-linked arabinans with low degrees of branching, rhamnogalacturonans, and polygalacturonic acid. The fiber-rich peels contained, in addition, substantial amounts of a buffer-soluble, 4-linked galactan branched at the 0-2 and 0-3 positions with nonreducing terminal-galactosyl units. The cross-linking glycans from all tissues were (fucogalacto)xyloglucan, typical of type-I cell walls, xylans containing (1->)-[beta]-D-xylosyl units branched exclusively at the xylosyl O-2 with t-(4-O-methyl)-glucosyluronic acid units, and (galacto)glucomannans. Tissues containing predominantly primary cell wall contained a larger proportion of xyloglucan. The xylem cells were composed of about 60% 4-xylans, 32% cellulose, and small amounts of pectin and the other cross-linking polysaccharides. The noncellulosic polysaccharides of flax exhibit an uncommonly low degree of branching compared to similar polysaccharides from other flowering plants. Although the relative abundance of the various noncellulosic polysaccharides varies widely among the different cell types, the linkage structure and degree of branching of several of the noncellulosic polysaccharides are invariant.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. A. Gorshkova
- Laboratory of Cell Wall Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420503, Russia (T.A.G., V.V.S., M.R.I., V.V.L.)
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