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Vafaee F, Zarifkar A, Emamghoreishi M, Namavar MR, Shirzad S, Ghazavi H, Mahdavizadeh V. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 (IGF-2) Regulates Neuronal Density and IGF-2 Distribution Following Hippocampal Intracerebral Hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 29:105128. [PMID: 32912509 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is a growth factor and anti-inflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in memory consolidation. However, the precise role of this factor in acute brain damage is still unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the variations in hippocampal IGF-2 distribution on different days and investigate the effect of recombinant IGF-2 on memory cell density, and IGF-2 distribution following acute hippocampal damage resulting from intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS ICH was induced by injection of 100 μL of autologous blood into the left hippocampus of 72 male Sprague-Dawley rats. Recombinant IGF-2 was injected into the damaged hippocampus 30 min post-induction of ICH in the ICH-IGF-2 group. Then, on postoperative days 1, 3, 7, and 14, samples of brain tissue were collected to perform histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. RESULTS The stereological study indicated that the volume of the hippocampus and the number of neurons had a significant reduction, and the infarct volume had a significant increase following ICH. Following the injection of IGF-2, a significant improvement was observed in stereological studies. Immunohistochemical data showed that IGF-2 distribution increased in the hippocampus on different days after ICH, and IGF-2 injection led to a dramatic reduction in this distribution. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the gradual increase of endogenous IGF-2 as growth and anti-inflammatory factor following hemorrhagic stroke reveals a critical role of this factor in brain recovery after injury. Moreover, the injection of IGF-2 can prevent cell death and alleviate the damage caused by the hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Vafaee
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Asadollah Zarifkar
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Emamghoreishi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Namavar
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Histomorphometry and Stereology Research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Shima Shirzad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Ghazavi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Vahid Mahdavizadeh
- Student Research committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ghazizadeh H, Kathryn Bohn M, Kardagh Polus R, Abdulkarimi R, Mahdavizadeh V, Ghaffarian Zirak R, Kamel Khodabandeh A, Zare-Feyzabadi R, Timar A, Mohammadi-Bajgiran M, Oladi MR, Esmaily H, Sharifan P, Sahranavard T, Kazemi E, Ekhteraee Toosi MS, Taghizadeh N, Najar Sedgh Doust F, Ferns GA, Adeli K, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Comprehensive hematological reference intervals in a healthy adult male population. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2020. [DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2020.66.2.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ghazizadeh H, Kathryn Bohn M, Kardagh Polus R, Abdulkarimi R, Mahdavizadeh V, Ghaffarian Zirak R, Kamel Khodabandeh A, Zare-Feyzabadi R, Timar A, Mohammadi-Bajgiran M, Oladi MR, Esmaily H, Sharifan P, Sahranavard T, Kazemi E, Ekhteraee Toosi MS, Taghizadeh N, Najar Sedgh Doust F, Ferns GA, Adeli K, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Comprehensive hematological reference intervals in a healthy adult male population. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2020; 66:99-104. [PMID: 32415934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reference intervals (RIs) are important tools for improving medical decision-making. Hematology reference values can be influenced by important covariates such as genetic and environmental factors, rendering it essential to define RIs for specific populations. Therefore, we aimed to establish accurate and robust RIs for hematological markers in a healthy adult male Iranian population. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a population of 723 males aged 20-60 years old. Hematological parameters were routinely measured using a Sysmex auto analyser system (KX-21 N). The quality of assays was monitored using commercial quality control samples. The nonparametric rank method, as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, was used to calculate the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles as the lower and upper reference limits, respectively. Of the 12 hematological parameters assessed, only mean platelet volume (MPV) demonstrated significant age-specific differences, requiring two partitions from 20 to 35 years (8.7-12.2 fL) and 35 to 65 years (8.5-11.5 fL). The remaining hematological parameters (e.g. leukocyte, erythrocyte, and platelet parameters) could be defined by one age range. This study established RIs for 12 routinely used hematological parameters in a healthy male population living in the northeastern region of Iran. Established RIs differed from those previously reported by other cohorts, highlighting the importance of population-specific RIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Ghazizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mary Kathryn Bohn
- CALIPER Program, Divisions of Clinical Biochemistry, Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ranan Kardagh Polus
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region-Iraq
| | - Rahim Abdulkarimi
- Independent Scholar, Department of Environment, Boukan Office, Boukan, Iran. Orcid ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1921-5493
| | - Vahid Mahdavizadeh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Roshanak Ghaffarian Zirak
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atieh Kamel Khodabandeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Zare-Feyzabadi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ameneh Timar
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Mohammadi-Bajgiran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Oladi
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Habibollah Esmaily
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Payam Sharifan
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Toktam Sahranavard
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Kazemi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Niloofar Taghizadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Khosrow Adeli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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