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Sabatino V, Orefice I, Marotta P, Ambrosino L, Chiusano ML, d'Ippolito G, Romano G, Fontana A, Ferrante MI. Silencing of a Pseudo-nitzschia arenysensis lipoxygenase transcript leads to reduced oxylipin production and impaired growth. New Phytol 2022; 233:809-822. [PMID: 34533849 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Because of their importance as chemical mediators, the presence of a rich and varied family of lipoxygenase (LOX) products, collectively named oxylipins, has been investigated thoroughly in diatoms, and the involvement of these products in important processes such as bloom regulation has been postulated. Nevertheless, little information is available on the enzymes and pathways operating in these protists. Exploiting transcriptome data, we identified and characterized a LOX gene, PaLOX, in Pseudo-nitzschia arenysensis, a marine diatom known to produce different species of oxylipins by stereo- and regio-selective oxidation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) at C12 and C15. PaLOX RNA interference correlated with a decrease of the lipid-peroxidizing activity and oxylipin synthesis, as well as with a reduction of growth of P. arenysensis. In addition, sequence analysis and structure models of the C-terminal part of the predicted protein closely fitted with the data for established LOXs from other organisms. The presence in the genome of a single LOX gene, whose downregulation impairs both 12- and 15-oxylipins synthesis, together with the in silico 3D protein modelling suggest that PaLOX encodes for a 12/15S-LOX with a dual specificity, and provides additional support to the correlation between cell growth and oxylipin biosynthesis in diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Sabatino
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Ida Orefice
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Pina Marotta
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Luca Ambrosino
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Chiusano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, Naples, 80121, Italy
- Department of Agriculture, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - Giuliana d'Ippolito
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli - Naples, I-80078, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Angelo Fontana
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli - Naples, I-80078, Italy
- Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via Cupa Nuova Cinthia 21, Napoli, 80126, Italy
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Piccolo P, Sabatino V, Mithbaokar P, Polishchuk E, Hicks J, Polishchuk R, Bacino CA, Brunetti-Pierri N. Skin fibroblasts of patients with geleophysic dysplasia due to FBN1 mutations have lysosomal inclusions and losartan improves their microfibril deposition defect. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e844. [PMID: 31350823 PMCID: PMC6732269 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Geleophysic dysplasia (GPHYSD) is a disorder characterized by dysmorphic features, stiff joints and cardiac involvement due to defects of TGF‐β signaling. GPHYSD can be caused by mutations in FBN1, ADAMTLS2, and LTBP3 genes. Methods and Results Consistent with previous reports, we found intracellular inclusions of unknown material by electron microscopy (EM) in skin fibroblasts of two GPHYSD individuals carrying FBN1 mutations. Moreover, we found that the storage material is enclosed within lysosomes and is associated with the upregulation of several lysosomal genes. Treatment of GPHYSD fibroblasts carrying FBN1 mutations with the angiotensin II receptor type 1 inhibitor losartan that inhibits TGF‐β signaling did not reduce the storage but improved the extracellular deposition of fibrillin‐1 microfibrils. Conclusion Losartan is a promising candidate drug for treatment of GPHYSD due to FBN1 defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Piccolo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - John Hicks
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Carlos A Bacino
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Amato A, Sabatino V, Nylund GM, Bergkvist J, Basu S, Andersson MX, Sanges R, Godhe A, Kiørboe T, Selander E, Ferrante MI. Grazer-induced transcriptomic and metabolomic response of the chain-forming diatom Skeletonema marinoi. ISME J 2018; 12:1594-1604. [PMID: 29599523 PMCID: PMC5955879 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-018-0094-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Diatoms and copepods are main actors in marine food webs. The prey–predator interactions between them affect bloom dynamics, shape marine ecosystems and impact the energy transfer to higher trophic levels. Recently it has been demonstrated that the presence of grazers may affect the diatom prey beyond the direct effect of grazing. Here, we investigated the response of the chain-forming centric diatom Skeletonema marinoi to grazer cues, including changes in morphology, gene expression and metabolic profile. S. marinoi cells were incubated with Calanus finmarchicus or with Centropages typicus and in both cases responded by reducing the chain length, whereas changes in gene expression indicated an activation of stress response, changes in the lipid and nitrogen metabolism, in cell cycle regulation and in frustule formation. Transcripts linked to G protein-coupled receptors and to nitric oxide synthesis were differentially expressed suggesting involvement of these signalling transduction pathways in the response. Downregulation of a lipoxygenase in the transcriptomic data and of its products in the metabolomic data also indicate an involvement of oxylipins. Our data contribute to a better understanding of the gene function in diatoms, providing information on the nature of genes implicated in the interaction with grazers, a crucial process in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Amato
- Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, Naples, 80121, Italy.,Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, UMR5168 CNRS-CEA-INRA-Université de Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Recherche en Science et Technologies pour le Vivant, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cédex 9, France
| | - Valeria Sabatino
- Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Göran M Nylund
- Department Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Tjärnö, SE-452 96, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Johanna Bergkvist
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Swaraj Basu
- Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, Naples, 80121, Italy.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats X Andersson
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Remo Sanges
- Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Anna Godhe
- Department Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thomas Kiørboe
- Centre for Ocean Life, DTU-Aqua, Kemitorvet Building 202, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Erik Selander
- Department Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria I Ferrante
- Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, Naples, 80121, Italy.
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Sabatino V, Russo MT, Patil S, d'Ippolito G, Fontana A, Ferrante MI. Establishment of Genetic Transformation in the Sexually Reproducing Diatoms Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata and Pseudo-nitzschia arenysensis and Inheritance of the Transgene. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2015; 17:452-462. [PMID: 25869745 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9633-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the genetic transformation of the planktonic diatoms Pseudo-nitzschia arenysensis and Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata, members of the widely distributed and ecologically important genus Pseudo-nitzschia. P. arenysensis and P. multistriata present the classical size reduction/restitution life cycle and can reproduce sexually. Genetic transformation was achieved with the biolistic method, using the H4 gene promoter from P. multistriata to drive expression of exogenous genes. The transformation was first optimized introducing the Sh ble gene to confer resistance to the antibiotic zeocin. Integration of the transgene was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analyses. Subsequently, we simultaneously transformed in P. arenysensis two plasmids, one encoding the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene together with the plasmid carrying the Sh ble resistance gene, demonstrating the possibility of co-transformation. By transforming a gene encoding a fusion between the histone H4 and the green fluorescent protein (GFP), we demonstrated that fluorescent tagging is possible and that studies for protein localization are feasible. Importantly, we crossed P. arenysensis- and P. multistriata-transformed strains with a wild-type strain of opposite mating type and demonstrated that the transgene can be inherited in the F1 generation. The possibility to transform two diatom species for which genetic crosses are possible opens the way to a number of new approaches, including classical loss of function screens and the possibility to obtain different combinations of double transformants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Sabatino
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, 80121, Naples, Italy
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Piccolo P, Mithbaokar P, Sabatino V, Tolmie J, Melis D, Schiaffino MC, Filocamo M, Andria G, Brunetti-Pierri N. SMAD4 mutations causing Myhre syndrome result in disorganization of extracellular matrix improved by losartan. Eur J Hum Genet 2014; 22:988-94. [PMID: 24398790 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Myhre syndrome (MS, MIM 139210) is a connective tissue disorder that presents with short stature, short hands and feet, facial dysmorphic features, muscle hypertrophy, thickened skin, and deafness. Recurrent missense mutations in SMAD4 encoding for a transducer mediating transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling are responsible for MS. We found that MS fibroblasts showed increased SMAD4 protein levels, impaired matrix deposition, and altered expression of genes encoding matrix metalloproteinases and related inhibitors. Increased TGF-β signaling and progression of aortic root dilation in Marfan syndrome can be prevented by the antihypertensive drug losartan, a TGF-β antagonists and angiotensin-II type 1 receptor blocker. Herein, we showed that losartan normalizes metalloproteinase and related inhibitor transcript levels and corrects the extracellular matrix deposition defect in fibroblasts from MS patients. The results of this study may pave the way toward therapeutic applications of losartan in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - John Tolmie
- Ferguson-Smith Department of Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Daniela Melis
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Mirella Filocamo
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Generoso Andria
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- 1] Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy [2] Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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