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Møretrø T, Nguyen-The C, Didier P, Maître I, Izsó T, Kasza G, Skuland SE, Cardoso MJ, Ferreira VB, Teixeira P, Borda D, Dumitrascu L, Neagu C, Nicolau AI, Anfruns-Estrada E, Foden M, Voysey P, Langsrud S. Consumer practices and prevalence of Campylobacter, Salmonella and norovirus in kitchens from six European countries. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 347:109172. [PMID: 33812164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
About 40% of foodborne infections are acquired in the home. The aim of the present study was to track contamination of pathogens during domestic food preparation and link the contamination to preparation practices. Research participants from 87 households in six European countries were observed and interviewed during shopping and preparation of a chicken and vegetable meal. The presence of Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. and norovirus on raw chicken, kitchen surfaces, cloths and sponges was determined. The prevalence of Campylobacter on raw chicken varied from 8.3% in Norway (NO) to 80% in France (FR) and Portugal (PT), with a mean prevalence of 57%. Campylobacter was found on half of the products that had been frozen and appeared to be less prevalent on chicken from supermarkets than other sources. Salmonella was found in 8.6% of raw chicken samples, exclusively from Hungary (HU). A relationship between observed practices and spread of pathogens to kitchen surfaces was found only for the use of cutting boards for chicken and/or vegetables. After food preparation, Campylobacter and Salmonella were isolated from 23% (samples derived from HU, RO, UK) and 8.7% (HU), respectively of cutting boards. Research participants in France and Portugal were more likely to buy products that fitted their recipe, with less need for using cutting boards. Using the same board and knife for vegetables after using it for chicken and without washing with detergent was common in Portugal and Romania, but not in the other countries. Contamination with Campylobacter to other kitchen surfaces or washing utensils were found in five households (UK, RO, PT). Rinsing chicken in sinks was common in three countries (PT, HU, RO), and washing vegetables in the same sink was also usual. Prevalence of Norovirus was low, with detection in one out of 451 samples. The participants' awareness of the risk posed by pathogens from raw chicken differed among the six countries, with higher awareness in Norway and the UK than the other countries studied. In conclusion, practices intended to avoid cross-contamination from chicken to kitchen surfaces and washing utensils are not established among consumers in all European countries. Nevertheless, cross-contamination events that disseminate infectious doses of pathogens seems to be rare, probably due to the relatively low levels of pathogens in food combined with food preferences. Food safety interventions must consider the national food culture, preferences, practices and the prevalence and levels of pathogens in food. Emphasis should be on providing and promoting chicken products with lower risk (prevalence of pathogens, ready-to-cook) and safe use of cutting boards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trond Møretrø
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, N-1430 Ås, Norway.
| | | | - Pierrine Didier
- INRAE, Avignon Université, UMR SQPOV, 84000 Avignon, France; ESA. USC1422 GRAPPE, Ecole Supérieure d'Agricultures (ESA), INRAE, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 55 rue Rabelais, BP 30748, 49007 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Maître
- ESA. USC1422 GRAPPE, Ecole Supérieure d'Agricultures (ESA), INRAE, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 55 rue Rabelais, BP 30748, 49007 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Tekla Izsó
- NFCSO, National Food Chain Safety Office, H-1024 Keleti Károly u. 24., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyula Kasza
- NFCSO, National Food Chain Safety Office, H-1024 Keleti Károly u. 24., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Silje E Skuland
- Consumption Research Norway (SIFO), Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria João Cardoso
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vania B Ferreira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Teixeira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Borda
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Domnească Street 111, 800201, Galati, Romania
| | - Loredana Dumitrascu
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Domnească Street 111, 800201, Galati, Romania
| | - Corina Neagu
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Domnească Street 111, 800201, Galati, Romania
| | - Anca Ioana Nicolau
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Domnească Street 111, 800201, Galati, Romania
| | - Eduard Anfruns-Estrada
- Enteric Virus Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Mike Foden
- Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Phil Voysey
- Campden BRI, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire GL55 6LD, UK
| | - Solveig Langsrud
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, N-1430 Ås, Norway
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Estrella LF, Ferreira VB, Gallistl C, Alves MGR, Vetter W, Malm O, Abadio Finco FDB, Torres JPM. Occurrence of halogenated natural products in highly consumed fish from polluted and unpolluted tropical bays in SE Brazil. Environ Pollut 2018; 242:684-691. [PMID: 30025342 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Natural compounds from the metabolism of marine organisms have been detected at high concentrations in environmental samples which are not the producers of these compounds. These natural substances are known as halogenated natural products (HNPs). HNPs are possibly toxic halogenated compounds analogous to POPs that may bioaccumulate and biomagnify along the food web and pose a further risk to human and environmental health. The present study analyzed the occurrence of HNPs in the edible muscle of the three most consumed commercial fish species in the state of Rio de Janeiro: sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis), whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) and mullet (Mugil liza) from the highly polluted Guanabara Bay (GB) and the less polluted Ilha Grande Bay (IGB). The analytical steps included Soxhlet extraction, clean-up step and injection in a gas chromatography system coupled to a mass spectrometer operated in the electron-capture negative ion mode (GC/ECNI-MS). The compounds 2,4,6-TBP, 2,4,6-TBA, MHC-1, Q1, 6-MeO-BDE 47 and 2'-MeO-BDE 68 were found in the analyzed fish from both studied areas. Q1, 6-MeO-BDE 47 and 2'-MeO-BDE 68 showed the highest concentrations in samples. Q1 concentrations in the sardines from IGB were higher than the sardines from GB (p < 0.05) and higher than the other IGB species (p < 0.05). The differences found among the species may be related to their characteristic habitat and diet. It is noteworthy that most of these compounds do not have any toxicological reference value. Moreover, the HNPs are being detected in species of low trophic level and since this study has worked only with commercial species, these fish may be considered as a source for human exposure to these natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Estrella
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Radioisotopes Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho n. 373 Bl G ss 061, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - V B Ferreira
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Radioisotopes Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho n. 373 Bl G ss 061, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Post-Graduation Program in Food Science and Technology, Rodovia BR 465 Km 7, 23890-000, Seropédica, Brazil
| | - C Gallistl
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Chemistry, Garbenstraße 28, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - M G R Alves
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Radioisotopes Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho n. 373 Bl G ss 061, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; State University Centre of the Western Zone (UEZO), Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Avenida Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga, 1203, 23070-200, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - W Vetter
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Chemistry, Garbenstraße 28, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - O Malm
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Radioisotopes Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho n. 373 Bl G ss 061, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F D B Abadio Finco
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Radioisotopes Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho n. 373 Bl G ss 061, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Food and Nutrition Security Laboratory, Quadra 109 Norte, Avenida NS-15, ALCNO-14, 77001-090, Palmas, Brazil.
| | - J P M Torres
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Radioisotopes Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho n. 373 Bl G ss 061, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Cukiert A, Forster C, Buratini JA, Ferreira VB, Gronich G. Secondary bilateral synchrony due to fronto-mesial lesions. An invasive recording study. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1999; 57:636-42. [PMID: 10667289 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x1999000400016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Frontal lobe epilepsies may present difficulties in focus localization in the pre-operative work-up for epilepsy surgery. This is specially true in patients with normal MRIs. We report on a 16 years-old girl that started with seizures by the age of 8 years. They were brief nocturnal episodes with automatisms such as bicycling and boxing. Seizure frequency ranged from 4-10 per night. Scalp EEG showed few right frontal convexity spiking and intense secondary bilateral synchrony (SBS). High resolution MRI directed to the frontal lobes was normal. Ictal SPECT suggested a right fronto-lateral focus. Ictal video-EEG showed no focal onset. She was submitted to invasive recordings after subdural plates implantation. Electrodes covered all the frontal convexity and mesial surface bilaterally. Ictal recordings disclosed stereotyped seizures starting from the right mesial frontal. Using a high-resolution tool to measure intra and interhemispheric latencies, the timing and direction of seizure spread from the right fronto-mesial region were studied. Motor strip mapping was performed by means of electrical stimulation. She was submitted to a right frontal lobe resection, 1.5 cm ahead of the motor strip and has been seizure free since surgery (8 months). Pathological examination found a 4 mm area of cortical dysplasia. Invasive studies are needed to allow adequate localization in patients with non-localizatory non-invasive work-up and may lead to excellent results in relation to seizures after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cukiert
- Serviço de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia (SN), Hospital Brigadeiro, São Paulo, Brasil
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Guerreiro MM, Manreza ML, Scotoni AE, Silva EA, Guerreiro CA, Souza EA, Ferreira VB, Reed UC, Diament A, Trefiglio R, Chiu HC, Bacaltchuk J. A pilot study of topiramate in children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1999; 57:167-75. [PMID: 10412513 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x1999000200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We conducted an open, add-on study with topiramate (TPM) as adjunctive therapy in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), to assess the long-term efficacy and safety and to evaluate quality of life (QL) measurements in the chronic use of TPM. We studied 19 patients (11 male; age ranging from 4 to 14 years) with uncontrolled seizures receiving 2-3 anti-epileptic drugs. Patients were followed up to 36 months of treatment. A questionnaire was used to query parents about QL. Seven patients completed the study at 36 months and seizure frequency was reduced > or = 75% in 4, and < 50% in 3 patients. Two children became seizure free for more than 24 months. Most side effects were CNS related, with the most frequent being somnolence and anorexia. These were generally transient. One patient dropped-out due to powder in the urine. None of the patients required hospitalization. At 36 months, patients' alertness (2/7), interaction with environment (5/7), ability to perform daily activities (5/7), and verbal performance (6/7) improved on TPM. We conclude that TPM may be useful as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of LGS. The efficacy of TPM was maintained in long-term treatment in more than 40% of patients, long term safety was confirmed and QL improved on TPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Guerreiro
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Ciência Médica (FCM), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brasil
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Abstract
Drug resistant epilepsy impairs patients' quality of life making social interaction more difficult. Surgical treatment is an option for seizure control in medically refractory patients. We evaluated pre-operative and post-operative quality of life using a standardized questionnaire based on the QOLIE-10. The questionnaire included ten questions dealing with psychosocial and drug's side effects and was applied before surgery and eight months post-operatively. The studied sample comprised twelve consecutive adult patients with epilepsy treated surgically who were seizure free. Differences were found between the pre-operative and post-operative periods in 70% of the questions, with a better post-operative profile. Successful epilepsy surgery has a great impact in the quality of life of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Frayman
- Serviço de Cirurgia de Epilepsia, Hospital Brigadeiro, São Paulo, Brasil
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