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Irrera P, Roberto M, Consolino L, Anemone A, Villano D, Navarro-Tableros V, Carella A, Dastrù W, Aime S, Longo DL. Effect of Esomeprazole Treatment on Extracellular Tumor pH in a Preclinical Model of Prostate Cancer by MRI-CEST Tumor pH Imaging. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010048. [PMID: 36676972 PMCID: PMC9866131 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel anticancer treatments target the pH regulating system that plays a major role in tumor progression by creating an acidic microenvironment, although few studies have addressed their effect on tumor acidosis. In this study, we investigated in vivo several proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) targeting NHE-1 (Amiloride and Cariporide) and V-ATPase (Esomeprazole and Lansoprazole) proton transporters in the DU145 androgen-insensitive human prostate cancer model. In cellulo results showed that DU145 are sensitive, with decreasing efficacy, to Amiloride, Esomeprazole and Lansoprazole, with marked cell toxicity both in normoxia and in hypoxia, with almost any change in pH. In vivo studies were performed upon administration of Esomeprazole to assess both the acute and chronic effects, and Iopamidol-based tumor pH imaging was performed to evaluate tumor acidosis. Although statistically significant tumor pH changes were observed a few hours after Esomeprazole administration in both the acute study and up to one week of treatment in the chronic study, longer treatment resulted in a lack of changes in tumor acidosis, which was associated to similar tumor growth curves between treated and control groups in both the subcutaneous and orthotopic models. Overall, this study highlights MRI-CEST tumor pH imaging as a valid approach to monitoring treatment response to PPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Irrera
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Miriam Roberto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Lorena Consolino
- Department of Nanomedicines and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Annasofia Anemone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Daisy Villano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Victor Navarro-Tableros
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Carella
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence:
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2
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Irrera P, Consolino L, Roberto M, Capozza M, Dhakan C, Carella A, Corrado A, Villano D, Anemone A, Navarro-Tableros V, Bracesco M, Dastrù W, Aime S, Longo DL. In Vivo MRI-CEST Tumor pH Imaging Detects Resistance to Proton Pump Inhibitors in Human Prostate Cancer Murine Models. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194916. [PMID: 36230838 PMCID: PMC9563279 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment acidification confers treatment resistance; therefore, the interference with pH regulating systems is considered a new therapeutic strategy. In this study, two human prostate cancer cell lines, PC3 and LNCaP, have been treated in vitro with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), namely Lansoprazole, Esomeprazole (V-ATPases-inhibitors), Cariporide, and Amiloride (NHE1-inhibitors). The cell viability and pH were assessed at several drug concentrations either at normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Since Esomeprazole showed the highest toxicity towards the PC3 cancer cells compared to LNCaP ones, athymic nude mice bearing subcutaneous or orthotopic PC3 tumors were treated with Esomeprazole (dose: 2.5 mg/kg body weight) for a period of three weeks—and tumor growth was monitored. MRI-CEST tumor pH imaging with Iopamidol was performed upon treatment at 3 h, 1 week (in combination with FDG-PET), and after 2 weeks for evaluating acute, early, and late responses. Although acute tumor pH changes were observed in vivo, long-term studies on both PC3 prostate cancer models did not provide any significant change in tumor acidosis or tumor growth. In conclusion, this work shows that MRI-CEST tumor pH imaging is a valuable tool for assessing the in vivo treatment response to PPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Irrera
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Lorena Consolino
- Department of Nanomedicines and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Miriam Roberto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Martina Capozza
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Chetan Dhakan
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Carella
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Corrado
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Daisy Villano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Annasofia Anemone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Victor Navarro-Tableros
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Martina Bracesco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence:
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3
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Zullino S, Paglialonga A, Dastrù W, Longo DL, Aime S. XNAT-PIC: Extending XNAT to Preclinical Imaging Centers. J Digit Imaging 2022; 35:860-875. [PMID: 35304674 PMCID: PMC9485318 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-022-00612-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging generates large volumes of heterogeneous biomedical imagery with an impelling need of guidelines for handling image data. Although several successful solutions have been implemented for human epidemiologic studies, few and limited approaches have been proposed for animal population studies. Preclinical imaging research deals with a variety of machinery yielding tons of raw data but the current practices to store and distribute image data are inadequate. Therefore, standard tools for the analysis of large image datasets need to be established. In this paper, we present an extension of XNAT for Preclinical Imaging Centers (XNAT-PIC). XNAT is a worldwide used, open-source platform for securely hosting, sharing, and processing of clinical imaging studies. Despite its success, neither tools for importing large, multimodal preclinical image datasets nor pipelines for processing whole imaging studies are yet available in XNAT. In order to overcome these limitations, we have developed several tools to expand the XNAT core functionalities for supporting preclinical imaging facilities. Our aim is to streamline the management and exchange of image data within the preclinical imaging community, thereby enhancing the reproducibility of the results of image processing and promoting open science practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zullino
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Euro-BioImaging ERIC, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Paglialonga
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Euro-BioImaging ERIC, Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Silvio Aime
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Euro-BioImaging ERIC, Torino, Italy
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Ohmann C, David R, Abadia MC, Bietrix F, Boiten JW, Canham S, Chiusano ML, Dastrù W, Laroquette A, Longo D, Mayrhofer MT, Panagiotopoulou M, Richard A, Verde PE. Pilot Study on the Intercalibration of a Categorisation System for FAIRer Digital Objects Related to Sensitive Data in the Life Sciences. Data Intelligence 2022. [DOI: 10.1162/dint_a_00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Sharing sensitive data is a specific challenge for research infrastructures in the field of life sciences. For that reason a toolbox has been developed, providing resources for researchers who wish to share and use sensitive data, to support the workflows for handling these kinds of digital objects. Common and community approved annotations are required to be compliant with FAIR principles (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, Reusability). The toolbox makes use of a tagging (categorisation) system, allowing consistent labelling and categorisation of digital objects, in terms relevant to data sharing tasks and activities. A pilot study was performed within the Horizon 2020 project EOSC-Life, in which 2 experts from 6 life sciences research infrastructures were recruited to independently assign tags to the same set of 10 to 25 resources related to sensitive data management and data sharing (in total 110). Summary statistics of agreement and observer variation per research infrastructure are provided. The pilot study has shown that experts were able to attribute tags but in most cases with a considerable observer variation between experts. In the context of CWFR (Canonical Workflow Frameworks for Research), this indicates the necessity for careful definition, evaluation and validation of parameters and processes related to workflow descriptions. The results from this pilot study were used to tackle this issue by revising the categorisation system and providing an updated version.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ohmann
- European Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (ECRIN), Paris 7501 3, France
| | - Romain David
- European Research Infrastructure on Highly Pathogenic Agents (ERINHA AISBL), Brussels 1000, Belgium
| | - Mónica Cano Abadia
- Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure (BBMRI), Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Florence Bietrix
- European Infrastructure for Translational Medicine (EATRIS), Amsterdam 1081 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Willem Boiten
- European Advanced Translational Research Infrastructure (EATRIS)/ Lygature, Utrecht 3521 AL, The Netherlands
| | - Steve Canham
- European Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (ECRIN), Paris 7501 3, France
| | - Maria Luisa Chiusano
- European Marine Biological Resource Centre (EMBRC)—Department of Agricultural Sciences, University Federico II of Naples via Università, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Torino I-10125, Italy
| | - Arnaud Laroquette
- European Marine Biological Resource Centre (EMBRC), Paris 75252, France
| | - Dario Longo
- European Research Infrastructure for Biological and Biomedical Imaging (Euro-BioImaging), Torino 10126, Italy
| | | | | | - Audrey Richard
- European Research Infrastructure on Highly Pathogenic Agents (ERINHA AISBL), Brussels 1000, Belgium
| | - Pablo Emilio Verde
- Coordination Centre for Clinical Trials, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf Ringgold standard institution, Nordrhein-Westfalen 40225, Germany
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5
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Saccu G, Menchise V, Giordano C, Delli Castelli D, Dastrù W, Pellicano R, Tolosano E, Van Pham P, Altruda F, Fagoonee S. Regenerative Approaches and Future Trends for the Treatment of Corneal Burn Injuries. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10020317. [PMID: 33467167 PMCID: PMC7830803 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular chemical and thermal burns are frequent causes of hospitalization and require immediate interventions and care. Various surgical and pharmacological treatment strategies are employed according to damage severity. Controlling inflammation and neovascularization while promoting normal ocular surface anatomy and function restoration is the principal aim. In the most severe cases, when epithelial healing is severely affected, reconstruction of the ocular surface may be a valid option, which, however, requires expertise, adequate instruments, and qualified donors. Numerous endogenous and exogenous strategies have been considered for corneal repair. Among these, stem cells and their derivatives have offered numerous attractive possibilities in finding an effective way in stimulating corneal regeneration. Limbal epithelial stem cells and mesenchymal cells from the ocular tissue as well as from various sources have demonstrated their effectiveness in dampening neovascularization, scarring, and inflammation, while promoting epithelialization of the injured cornea. Moreover, a plethora of cytokines and growth factors, and extracellular vesicles, which constitute the secretome of these cells, work in concert to enhance wound healing. In this review, we provide an update on the recent potential therapeutic avenues and clinical applications of stem cells and their products in corneal regeneration after burn injury, as well as current imaging strategies for monitoring therapeutic efficacy and damage resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Saccu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (D.D.C.); (W.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Valeria Menchise
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Molecular Biotechnology Center, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.M.); (F.A.); (S.F.); Tel.: +39-0116706423 (S.F.)
| | - Cristina Giordano
- Ophthalmology Veterinary Practice, c.so Galileo Ferraris 121, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Daniela Delli Castelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (D.D.C.); (W.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (D.D.C.); (W.D.); (E.T.)
| | | | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (D.D.C.); (W.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Phuc Van Pham
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, and Stem Cell Institute, VNUHCM University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City 08000, Vietnam;
| | - Fiorella Altruda
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (D.D.C.); (W.D.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence: (V.M.); (F.A.); (S.F.); Tel.: +39-0116706423 (S.F.)
| | - Sharmila Fagoonee
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Molecular Biotechnology Center, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.M.); (F.A.); (S.F.); Tel.: +39-0116706423 (S.F.)
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6
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Zöllner FG, Dastrù W, Irrera P, Longo DL, Bennett KM, Beeman SC, Bretthorst GL, Garbow JR. Analysis Protocol for Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI of Renal Perfusion and Filtration. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2216:637-653. [PMID: 33476028 PMCID: PMC9703217 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Here we present an analysis protocol for dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) data of the kidneys. It covers comprehensive steps to facilitate signal to contrast agent concentration mapping via T1 mapping and the calculation of renal perfusion and filtration parametric maps using model-free approaches, model free analysis using deconvolution, the Toft's model and a Bayesian approach.This chapter is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This analysis protocol chapter is complemented by two separate chapters describing the basic concept and experimental procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank G Zöllner
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Pietro Irrera
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Torino, Italy.
| | - Kevin M Bennett
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Scott C Beeman
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Joel R Garbow
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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7
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Anemone A, Consolino L, Conti L, Irrera P, Hsu MY, Villano D, Dastrù W, Porporato PE, Cavallo F, Longo DL. Tumour acidosis evaluated in vivo by MRI-CEST pH imaging reveals breast cancer metastatic potential. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:207-216. [PMID: 33257841 PMCID: PMC7782702 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumour acidosis is considered to play a central role in promoting cancer invasion and migration, but few studies have investigated in vivo how tumour pH correlates with cancer invasion. This study aims to determine in vivo whether tumour acidity is associated with cancer metastatic potential. METHODS Breast cancer cell lines with different metastatic potentials have been characterised for several markers of aggressiveness and invasiveness. Murine tumour models have been developed and assessed for lung metastases and tumour acidosis has been assessed in vivo by a magnetic resonance imaging-based chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) pH imaging approach. RESULTS The higher metastatic potential of 4T1 and TS/A primary tumours, in comparison to the less aggressive TUBO and BALB-neuT ones, was confirmed by the highest expression of cancer cell stem markers (CD44+CD24-), highlighting their propensity to migrate and invade, coinciding with the measurement obtained by in vitro assays. MRI-CEST pH imaging successfully discriminated the more aggressive 4T1 and TS/A tumours that displayed a more acidic pH. Moreover, the observed higher tumour acidity was significantly correlated with an increased number of lung metastases. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study indicate that the extracellular acidification is associated with the metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annasofia Anemone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Lorena Consolino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Pietro Irrera
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Viale Abramo Lincoln, 5, Caserta, Italy
| | - Myriam Y Hsu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Daisy Villano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo E Porporato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy.
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8
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Pedersen M, Irrera P, Dastrù W, Zöllner FG, Bennett KM, Beeman SC, Bretthorst GL, Garbow JR, Longo DL. Dynamic Contrast Enhancement (DCE) MRI-Derived Renal Perfusion and Filtration: Basic Concepts. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2216:205-227. [PMID: 33476002 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI monitors the transit of contrast agents, typically gadolinium chelates, through the intrarenal regions, the renal cortex, the medulla, and the collecting system. In this way, DCE-MRI reveals the renal uptake and excretion of the contrast agent. An optimal DCE-MRI acquisition protocol involves finding a good compromise between whole-kidney coverage (i.e., 3D imaging), spatial and temporal resolution, and contrast resolution. By analyzing the enhancement of the renal tissues as a function of time, one can determine indirect measures of clinically important single-kidney parameters as the renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and intrarenal blood volumes. Gadolinium-containing contrast agents may be nephrotoxic in patients suffering from severe renal dysfunction, but otherwise DCE-MRI is clearly useful for diagnosis of renal functions and for assessing treatment response and posttransplant rejection.Here we introduce the concept of renal DCE-MRI, describe the existing methods, and provide an overview of preclinical DCE-MRI applications to illustrate the utility of this technique to measure renal perfusion and glomerular filtration rate in animal models.This publication is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This introduction is complemented by two separate publications describing the experimental procedure and data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine - Comparative Medicine Lab, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Pietro Irrera
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Frank G Zöllner
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kevin M Bennett
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Scott C Beeman
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Joel R Garbow
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Torino, Italy.
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9
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Villano D, Romdhane F, Irrera P, Consolino L, Anemone A, Zaiss M, Dastrù W, Longo DL. A fast multislice sequence for 3D MRI-CEST pH imaging. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1335-1349. [PMID: 33031591 PMCID: PMC7756816 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI can provide accurate pH images, but the slow scan time (due to long saturation periods and multiple offsets sampling) reduce both the volume coverage and spatial resolution capability, hence the possibility to interrogate the heterogeneity in tumors and organs. To overcome these limitations, we propose a fast multislice CEST‐MRI sequence with high pH accuracy and spatial resolution. Methods The sequence first uses a long saturation pulse to induce the steady‐state CEST contrast and a second short saturation pulse repeated after each image acquisition to compensate for signal losses based on an uneven irradiation scheme combined with a single‐shot rapid acquisition with refocusing echoes readout. Sequence sensitivity and accuracy in measuring pH was optimized by simulation and assessed by in vitro studies in pH‐varying phantoms. In vivo validation was performed in two applications by acquiring multislice pH images covering the whole tumors and kidneys after iopamidol injection. Results Simulated and in vivo data showed comparable contrast efficiency and pH responsiveness by reducing saturation time. The experimental data from a homogeneous, pH‐varying, iopamidol‐containing phantom show that the sequence produced a uniform CEST contrast across slices and accurate values across slices in less than 10 minutes. In vivo measurements allowed us to quantify the 3D pH gradients of tumors and kidneys, with pH ranges comparable with the literature. Conclusion The proposed fast multislice CEST‐MRI sequence allows volumetric acquisitions with good pH sensitivity, accuracy, and spatial resolution for several in vivo pH imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Villano
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Feriel Romdhane
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,National Engineering School of Tunis (ENIT), University al Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Pietro Irrera
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Italian National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lorena Consolino
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Annasofia Anemone
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Moritz Zaiss
- Department of Neuroradiology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Italian National Research Council, Torino, Italy
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10
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Dastrù W, Menchise V, Ferrauto G, Fabretto S, Carrera C, Terreno E, Aime S, Castelli DD. Modulation of the Prototropic Exchange Rate in pH-Responsive Yb-HPDO3A Derivatives as ParaCEST Agents. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; Molecular Imaging Center; University of Torino; Via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Valeria Menchise
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; via Mezzocannone 16 80134 Napoli Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; Molecular Imaging Center; University of Torino; Via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Serena Fabretto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; Molecular Imaging Center; University of Torino; Via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Carla Carrera
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; Molecular Imaging Center; University of Torino; Via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Enzo Terreno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; Molecular Imaging Center; University of Torino; Via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; Molecular Imaging Center; University of Torino; Via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Daniela Delli Castelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; Molecular Imaging Center; University of Torino; Via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
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Consolino L, Longo DL, Sciortino M, Dastrù W, Cabodi S, Giovenzana GB, Aime S. Assessing tumor vascularization as a potential biomarker of imatinib resistance in gastrointestinal stromal tumors by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Gastric Cancer 2017; 20:629-639. [PMID: 27995483 PMCID: PMC5486478 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-016-0672-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) develop resistance to the first-line imatinib treatment. Recently, increased vessel density and angiogenic markers were reported in GISTs with a poor prognosis, suggesting that angiogenesis is implicated in GIST tumor progression and resistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between tumor vasculature and imatinib resistance in different GIST mouse models using a noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) functional approach. METHODS Immunodeficient mice (n = 8 for each cell line) were grafted with imatinib-sensitive (GIST882 and GIST-T1) and imatinib-resistant (GIST430) human cell lines. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) was performed on GIST xenografts to quantify tumor vessel permeability (K trans) and vascular volume fraction (v p). Microvessel density (MVD), permeability (mean dextran density, MDD), and angiogenic markers were evaluated by immunofluorescence and western blot assays. RESULTS Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed significantly increased vessel density (P < 0.0001) and permeability (P = 0.0002) in imatinib-resistant tumors compared to imatinib-sensitive ones. Strong positive correlations were observed between MRI estimates, K trans and v p, and their related ex vivo values, MVD (r = 0.78 for K trans and r = 0.82 for v p) and MDD (r = 0.77 for K trans and r = 0.94 for v p). In addition, higher expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR2 and VEFGR3) was seen in GIST430. CONCLUSIONS Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging highlighted marked differences in tumor vasculature and microenvironment properties between imatinib-resistant and imatinib-sensitive GISTs, as also confirmed by ex vivo assays. These results provide new insights into the role that DCE-MRI could play in GIST characterization and response to GIST treatment. Validation studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Consolino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,CAGE Chemicals srl, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council of Italy (CNR) c/o Molecular Biotechnologies Center, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Marianna Sciortino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Cabodi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Giovenzana
- CAGE Chemicals srl, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy ,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Consolino L, Longo DL, Dastrù W, Cutrin JC, Dettori D, Lanzardo S, Oliviero S, Cavallo F, Aime S. Functional imaging of the angiogenic switch in a transgenic mouse model of human breast cancer by dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:404-13. [PMID: 26941084 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Tumour progression depends on several sequential events that include the microenvironment remodelling processes and the switch to the angiogenic phenotype, leading to new blood vessels recruitment. Non-invasive imaging techniques allow the monitoring of functional alterations in tumour vascularity and cellularity. The aim of this work was to detect functional changes in vascularisation and cellularity through Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) and Diffusion Weighted (DW) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) modalities during breast cancer initiation and progression of a transgenic mouse model (BALB-neuT mice). Histological examination showed that BALB-neuT mammary glands undergo a slow neoplastic progression from simple hyperplasia to invasive carcinoma, still preserving normal parts of mammary glands. DCE-MRI results highlighted marked functional changes in terms of vessel permeability (K(trans) , volume transfer constant) and vascularisation (vp , vascular volume fraction) in BALB-neuT hyperplastic mammary glands if compared to BALB/c ones. When breast tissue progressed from simple to atypical hyperplasia, a strong increase in DCE-MRI biomarkers was observed in BALB-neuT in comparison to BALB/c mice (K(trans) = 5.3 ± 0.7E-4 and 3.1 ± 0.5E-4; vp = 7.4 ± 0.8E-2 and 4.7 ± 0.6E-2 for BALB-neuT and BALB/c, respectively) that remained constant during the successive steps of the neoplastic transformation. Consistent with DCE-MRI observations, microvessel counting revealed a significant increase in tumour vessels. Our study showed that DCE-MRI estimates can accurately detect the angiogenic switch at early step of breast cancer carcinogenesis. These results support the view that this imaging approach is an excellent tool to characterize microvasculature changes, despite only small portions of the mammary glands developed neoplastic lesions in a transgenic mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Consolino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- (CNR) c/o Molecular Biotechnologies Center, Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, via Nizza 52, Torino, 10126, Italy.,Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, 10126, Italy.,Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Juan Carlos Cutrin
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Daniela Dettori
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), via Nizza 52, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Stefania Lanzardo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | | | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, 10126, Italy.,Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, 10126, Italy
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Chirizzi C, Dastrù W, D. Castelli D, Menchise V, Aime S, Terreno E. Glucan Particles Loaded with Fluorinated Emulsions: A Sensitivity Improvement for the Visualization of Phagocytic Cells by 19F-MRI. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.2174/2211555204666150702160805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Longo DL, Dastrù W, Consolino L, Espak M, Arigoni M, Cavallo F, Aime S. Cluster analysis of quantitative parametric maps from DCE-MRI: application in evaluating heterogeneity of tumor response to antiangiogenic treatment. Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 33:725-36. [PMID: 25839393 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to compare a clustering approach to conventional analysis methods for assessing changes in pharmacokinetic parameters obtained from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) during antiangiogenic treatment in a breast cancer model. MATERIALS AND METHODS BALB/c mice bearing established transplantable her2+ tumors were treated with a DNA-based antiangiogenic vaccine or with an empty plasmid (untreated group). DCE-MRI was carried out by administering a dose of 0.05 mmol/kg of Gadocoletic acid trisodium salt, a Gd-based blood pool contrast agent (CA) at 1T. Changes in pharmacokinetic estimates (K(trans) and vp) in a nine-day interval were compared between treated and untreated groups on a voxel-by-voxel analysis. The tumor response to therapy was assessed by a clustering approach and compared with conventional summary statistics, with sub-regions analysis and with histogram analysis. RESULTS Both the K(trans) and vp estimates, following blood-pool CA injection, showed marked and spatial heterogeneous changes with antiangiogenic treatment. Averaged values for the whole tumor region, as well as from the rim/core sub-regions analysis were unable to assess the antiangiogenic response. Histogram analysis resulted in significant changes only in the vp estimates (p<0.05). The proposed clustering approach depicted marked changes in both the K(trans) and vp estimates, with significant spatial heterogeneity in vp maps in response to treatment (p<0.05), provided that DCE-MRI data are properly clustered in three or four sub-regions. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the value of cluster analysis applied to pharmacokinetic DCE-MRI parametric maps for assessing tumor response to antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (CNR) c/o Molecular Biotechnologies Center, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy; Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Lorena Consolino
- Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Miklos Espak
- Dept. of Computer Science, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Maddalena Arigoni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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Mulas G, Ferrauto G, Dastrù W, Anedda R, Aime S, Terreno E. Insights on the relaxation of liposomes encapsulating paramagnetic Ln-based complexes. Magn Reson Med 2014; 74:468-73. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Mulas
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
- Porto Conte Ricerche Srl; Tramariglio Alghero (SS) Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - Roberto Anedda
- Porto Conte Ricerche Srl; Tramariglio Alghero (SS) Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
- Center for Molecular & Preclinical Imaging, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - Enzo Terreno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
- Center for Molecular & Preclinical Imaging, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
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Sanino A, Dastrù W, Mainini F, Castelli DD, Aime S, Terreno E. Polymeric Vesicles Loaded with Gadoteridol as Reversible and Concentration-Independent Magnetic Resonance Imaging Thermometers. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2014; 10:1620-6. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2014.1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Cutrin JC, Crich SG, Burghelea D, Dastrù W, Aime S. Curcumin/Gd loaded apoferritin: a novel "theranostic" agent to prevent hepatocellular damage in toxic induced acute hepatitis. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:2079-85. [PMID: 23548053 DOI: 10.1021/mp3006177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Apoferritin has been exploited to deliver simultaneously therapeutic and imaging agents (loaded into its internal cavity) to hepatocytes as this protein is efficiently taken up from blood by hepatocyte scavenger receptor class A type 5 via the ferritin transporting route. To this purpose the protein has been loaded with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent GdHPDO3A and curcumin, a polyphenolic substance endowed with multiple pharmacological actions, namely: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic. Curcumin and GdHPDO3A loaded apoferritin has been used with the aim to attenuate the thioacetamide-induced hepatitis together with the evaluation by MRI of drug delivery efficiency. Mice pretreated by intraperitoneal administration showed significantly attenuated hepatic injury as assessed by measuring alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in plasma and by histology assessment. The encapsulation of curcumin inside the apoferritin cavity significantly increases its stability and bioavailability while maintaining its therapeutic anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Cutrin
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
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Catanzaro V, Gringeri CV, Menchise V, Padovan S, Boffa C, Dastrù W, Chaabane L, Digilio G, Aime S. AR2p/R1pRatiometric Procedure to Assess Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Activity by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Catanzaro V, Gringeri CV, Menchise V, Padovan S, Boffa C, Dastrù W, Chaabane L, Digilio G, Aime S. A R2p /R1p ratiometric procedure to assess matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity by magnetic resonance imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3926-30. [PMID: 23450786 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Catanzaro
- Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Napoli, Italy
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of hyperpolarized molecules allows one to obtain information about metabolism in both cells and animals; such a task represents a tremendous advancement with respect to the results achieved so far with in vivo NMR techniques. Pyruvate appears an excellent tumor biomarker as it allows the attainment of early diagnosis, stadiation and monitoring of response to therapy. AREAS COVERED As pyruvate conversion to lactate in the glycolytic pathway is highly enhanced in tumor cells, the 1-(13)C-lactate levels after administration of hyperpolarized 1-(13)C-pyruvate are markedly higher in tumor tissues and depend on the type and grade of the tumor. This review covers the most recent research results (both in vitro and in vivo) about the use of hyperpolarized 1-(13)C-pyruvate for tumor localization, stadiation and for monitoring the response to therapy. The technique may find application in clinics, especially when other imaging modalities are of difficult applicability. EXPERT OPINION While (13)C-pyruvate has been shown to be the candidate of choice for metabolic imaging, high expectations are present in the scientific community to see if other hyperpolarized substrates could provide more specific and sensitive biomarkers. The use of hyperpolarized molecules will have a tremendous impact in the armory of diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Viale
- University of Torino, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biotechnology Centre , V. Nizza 52, 10126 Torino , Italy
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Terreno E, Dastrù W, Delli Castelli D, Gianolio E, Geninatti Crich S, Longo D, Aime S. Advances in metal-based probes for MR molecular imaging applications. Curr Med Chem 2011; 17:3684-700. [PMID: 20846110 DOI: 10.2174/092986710793213823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Accepted: 08/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The role of MRI in the armory of diagnostic modalities for the medicine of the forthcoming years largely depends on how chemistry will provide advanced tools to meet the medical needs. This review aims at outlining the most innovative approaches that have been undertaken in the recent history of MRI contrast agents for tackling the challenges of sensitivity and specificity required by the new generation of contrast agents that should allow the visualization of pathological processes occurring on cellular and molecular scale (the so-called Molecular Imaging). Most of the classes of MRI agents clinically approved or currently under investigation in a preclinical phase exploit peculiar magnetic properties of metals. The conventional agents acting as T(1) or T(2)/T(2)* relaxation enhancers are primarily based on the paramagnetic or the superparamagnetic properties of Gd(III)-, Mn(II)- and iron oxides systems. Recently, there has been a renewed interest towards paramagnetic lanthanide complexes with an anisotropic electronic configuration thanks to their ability to induce strong effect on the resonance frequency of the spins dipolarly coupled with them. Such systems, formerly mainly used as shift reagents, have now attracted much attention in the emerging field of Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) MRI agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Terreno
- Department of Chemistry IFM and Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Italy.
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Longo DL, Dastrù W, Digilio G, Keupp J, Langereis S, Lanzardo S, Prestigio S, Steinbach O, Terreno E, Uggeri F, Aime S. Iopamidol as a responsive MRI-chemical exchange saturation transfer contrast agent for pH mapping of kidneys: In vivo studies in mice at 7 T. Magn Reson Med 2011; 65:202-11. [PMID: 20949634 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Iopamidol (Isovue®-Bracco Diagnostic Inc.) is a clinically approved X-Ray contrast agent used in the last 30 years for a wide variety of diagnostic applications with a very good clinical acceptance. Iopamidol contains two types of amide functionalities that can be exploited for the generation of chemical exchange saturation transfer effect. The exchange rate of the two amide proton pools is markedly pH-dependent. Thus, a ratiometric method for pH assessment has been set-up based on the comparison of the saturation transfer effects induced by selective irradiation of the two resonances. This ratiometric approach allows to rule out the concentration effect of the contrast agent and provides accurate pH measurements in the 5.5-7.4 range. Upon injection of Iopamidol into healthy mice, it has been possible to acquire pH maps of kidney regions. Furthermore, it has been also shown that the proposed method is able to report about pH-changes induced in control mice fed with acidified or basified water for a period of a week before image acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Livio Longo
- Department of Chemistry IFM and Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Abstract
MRI contrast agents are routinely used in clinical settings. Important advances in their design have been attained in the past few years to overcome sensitivity issues and to make possible molecular imaging applications by means of this modality. Besides the sensitivity enhancement of paramagnetic relaxation probes, outstanding results have been obtained in the development of novel classes of frequency-encoding agents such as chemical exchange saturation transfer and hyperpolarized (13)C-enriched molecules.:
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Dastrù
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Fisica e dei Materiali, Centro di Imaging Molecolare, via Nizza, 52-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Longo
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Fisica e dei Materiali, Centro di Imaging Molecolare, via Nizza, 52-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Fisica e dei Materiali, Centro di Imaging Molecolare, via Nizza, 52-10126 Torino, Italy.
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Reineri F, Viale A, Dastrù W, Gobetto R, Aime S. How to design 13C para-hydrogen-induced polarization experiments for MRI applications. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2010; 6:77-84. [PMID: 21504062 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The application of hyperpolarization techniques for MRI purposes is gathering increasing attention, especially for nuclei such as (13)C or (129)Xe. Among the different proposed methods, ParaHydrogen Induced Polarization requires relatively cheap equipment. The setup of an MRI experiment by means of parahydrogen requires the application of skills and methodologies that derive from different fields of knowledge. The basic theory and a practical insight of this method are presented here. Parahydrogenation of alkynes, having a labelled (13)CO group adjacent to the triple bond, catalyzed by Rh(I) complexes containing a chelating phosphine, represents the best choice for producing and maintaining high heteronuclear polarization effect. In order to transform anti-phase into in-phase (net) (13)C polarization for MRI application it is necessary to set up the described magnetic field cycle procedure. In vitro and in vivo images have been acquired using fast imaging sequences (RARE and trueFISP).
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Carniato F, Tei L, Dastrù W, Marchese L, Botta M. Relaxivity modulation in Gd-functionalised mesoporous silicas. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:1246-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b820591d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Reineri F, Viale A, Giovenzana G, Santelia D, Dastrù W, Gobetto R, Aime S. New Hyperpolarized Contrast Agents for 13C-MRI from Para-Hydrogenation of Oligooxyethylenic Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:15047-53. [DOI: 10.1021/ja8059733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Reineri
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, DiSCAFF and DFB Center, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Via Bovio 6, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Viale
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, DiSCAFF and DFB Center, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Via Bovio 6, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giovanbattista Giovenzana
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, DiSCAFF and DFB Center, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Via Bovio 6, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Daniela Santelia
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, DiSCAFF and DFB Center, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Via Bovio 6, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, DiSCAFF and DFB Center, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Via Bovio 6, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Roberto Gobetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, DiSCAFF and DFB Center, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Via Bovio 6, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, DiSCAFF and DFB Center, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Via Bovio 6, I-28100 Novara, Italy
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Terreno E, Delli Castelli D, Cabella C, Dastrù W, Sanino A, Stancanello J, Tei L, Aime S. Paramagnetic Liposomes as Innovative Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance (MR) Molecular Imaging Applications. Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:1901-1912. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Viale A, Santelia D, Napolitano R, Gobetto R, Dastrù W, Aime S. The Detection of PHIP Effects Allows New Insights into the Mechanism of Olefin Isomerisation during Catalytic Hydrogenation. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200800356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ciraolo E, Iezzi M, Marone R, Marengo S, Curcio C, Costa C, Azzolino O, Gonella C, Rubinetto C, Wu H, Dastrù W, Martin EL, Silengo L, Altruda F, Turco E, Lanzetti L, Musiani P, Rückle T, Rommel C, Backer JM, Forni G, Wymann MP, Hirsch E. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110beta activity: key role in metabolism and mammary gland cancer but not development. Sci Signal 2008; 1:ra3. [PMID: 18780892 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.1161577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway crucially controls metabolism and cell growth. Although different PI3K catalytic subunits are known to play distinct roles, the specific in vivo function of p110beta (the product of the PIK3CB gene) is not clear. Here, we show that mouse mutants expressing a catalytically inactive PIK3CB(K805R) mutant survived to adulthood but showed growth retardation and developed mild insulin resistance with age. Pharmacological and genetic analyses of p110beta function revealed that p110beta catalytic activity is required for PI3K signaling downstream of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors as well as to sustain long-term insulin signaling. In addition, PIK3CB(K805R) mice were protected in a model of ERBB2-driven tumor development. These findings indicate an unexpected role for p110beta catalytic activity in diabetes and cancer, opening potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ciraolo
- Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
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Forni PE, Scuoppo C, Imayoshi I, Taulli R, Dastrù W, Sala V, Betz UAK, Muzzi P, Martinuzzi D, Vercelli AE, Kageyama R, Ponzetto C. High levels of Cre expression in neuronal progenitors cause defects in brain development leading to microencephaly and hydrocephaly. J Neurosci 2006; 26:9593-602. [PMID: 16971543 PMCID: PMC6674592 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2815-06.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrocephalus is a common and variegated pathology often emerging in newborn children after genotoxic insults during pregnancy (Hicks and D'Amato, 1980). Cre recombinase is known to have possible toxic effects that can compromise normal cell cycle and survival. Here we show, by using three independent nestin Cre transgenic lines, that high levels of Cre recombinase expression into the nucleus of neuronal progenitors can compromise normal brain development. The transgenics analyzed are the nestin Cre Balancer (Bal1) line, expressing the Cre recombinase with a nuclear localization signal, and two nestin CreER(T2) (Cre recombinase fused with a truncated estrogen receptor) mice lines with different levels of expression of a hybrid CreER(T2) recombinase that translocates into the nucleus after tamoxifen treatment. All homozygous Bal1 nestin Cre embryos displayed reduced neuronal proliferation, increased aneuploidy and cell death, as well as defects in ependymal lining and lamination of the cortex, leading to microencephaly and to a form of communicating hydrocephalus. An essentially overlapping phenotype was observed in the two nestin CreER(T2) transgenic lines after tamoxifen mediated-CreER(T2) translocation into the nucleus. Neither tamoxifen-treated wild-type nor nestin CreER(T2) oil-treated control mice displayed these defects. These results indicate that some forms of hydrocephalus may derive from a defect in neuronal precursors proliferation. Furthermore, they underscore the potential risks for developmental studies of high levels of nuclear Cre in neurogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo E Forni
- Department of Anatomy, Pharmacology, and Forensic Medicine, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
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Abstract
This communication reports the dramatic relaxation enhancements that can be obtained upon the interaction of substrates like lactate, trifluorolactate and inorganic phosphate with the paramagnetic GdDO3A agent. This occurs thanks to the formation of kinetically labile ternary complexes in which the substrate nuclei are in close proximity to the paramagnetic center. It is demonstrated that heteronuclear (13)C, (19)F and (31)P-MR images can be obtained from phantoms containing the substrate in the millimolar concentration range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Terreno
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM and Center for Molecular Imaging, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy.
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Aime S, Dastrù W, Gobetto R, Viale A. para-Hydrogenation of unsaturated moieties on poly(lysine) derived substrates for the development of novel hyperpolarized MRI contrast agents. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 3:3948-54. [PMID: 16240012 DOI: 10.1039/b510693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four alkyne-functionalized poly(lysine) derivatives have been synthesized and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. In the first poly(lysine) derivative, phenylpropiolate moieties are directly bound to the aminic arms, whereas in the other derivatives, propargylamine moieties are bound to the aminic poly(lysine) arms through glucaric acid and diethylene glycol (DG) chains, respectively. para-Hydrogenation of the alkyne-functionalized poly(lysine) compounds has been investigated and the results have been discussed in terms of spin lattice relaxation properties of the hydrogenated products. It is shown that the longer the mobile chain separating the unsaturation from the poly(lysine) backbone, the more intense the polarized signals when para-hydrogenation is carried out. This is due to (a) the maintenance of short reorientational times on the unsaturated ends, and therefore a sufficiently long T(1) of the protons added during hydrogenation, and (b) the minor effect of steric hindrance by the poly(lysine) backbone that decreases interaction of the unsaturation with the catalyst, allowing higher hydrogenation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Aime
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy.
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Aime S, Dastrù W, Crich SG, Gianolio E, Mainero V. Innovative magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic agents based on paramagnetic Gd(III) complexes. Biopolymers 2003; 66:419-28. [PMID: 12658728 DOI: 10.1002/bip.10357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Gd(III) complexes are under intense scrutiny as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). They act by enhancing tissutal proton relaxation rates. Much has already been done in order to get an in-depth understanding of the relationships between structure, dynamics, and contrastographic ability of these paramagnetic complexes. Their potential in the assessment of flow, perfusion, and capillary permeability has already been established. The next challenges are in the field of molecular imaging applications, which would allow the attainment of early diagnosis based on the recognition of specific reporters of the onset of the pathological state. To this end, Gd(III) complexes have to be endowed with improved targeting capabilities by conjugating suitable recognition synthons on their surfaces. Small peptides are candidates of choice for the attainment of this goal. Moreover, the intrinsic low sensitivity of the NMR techniques implies the need to deliver large amounts of contrast agents to the target in order to get its visualization in the resulting images. Highly efficient delivery systems have been identified, which bring a great promise for the development of innovative diagnostic agents based on Gd(III) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Aime
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino, via P Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy.
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Malandrino G, Borzì AM, Castelli F, Fragalà IL, Dastrù W, Gobetto R, Rossi P, Dapporto P. Synthesis, crystal structure and mass transport properties of novel thallium ion precursors for MOCVD applications. Dalton Trans 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b207470b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Aime S, Canet D, Dastrù W, Gobetto R, Reineri F, Viale A. NOE (Nuclear Overhauser Effect) Transfers from para-H2 Enhanced Magnetizations in Alkene Moieties at Rh(I) Centers. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp004424r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Aime
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, and Laboratoire de Méthodologie RMN, Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy I, BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre les Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Daniel Canet
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, and Laboratoire de Méthodologie RMN, Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy I, BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre les Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, and Laboratoire de Méthodologie RMN, Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy I, BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre les Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Roberto Gobetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, and Laboratoire de Méthodologie RMN, Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy I, BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre les Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, and Laboratoire de Méthodologie RMN, Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy I, BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre les Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Alessandra Viale
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, and Laboratoire de Méthodologie RMN, Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy I, BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre les Nancy Cedex, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Aime
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Gobetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Russo
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Viale
- Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Aime
- Università di Torino, Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Università di Torino, Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Gobetto
- Università di Torino, Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Viale
- Università di Torino, Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., V. P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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39
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Aime S, Dastrù W, Gobetto R, Russo A, Viale A, Canet D. A Novel Application of para H2: the Reversible Addition/Elimination of H2at a Ru3Cluster Revealed by the Enhanced NMR Emission Resonance from Molecular Hydrogen. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp992668+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Aime
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM dell'Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM dell'Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Gobetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM dell'Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Viale
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM dell'Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Aime
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Gobetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Viale
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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42
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Malandrino G, Fragalà IL, Aime S, Dastrù W, Gobetto R, Benelli C. Synthesis, crystal structure and solid-state dynamics of the La(hfa)3·Me(OCH2CH2)4OMe (Hhfa = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dione) precursor for MOCVD applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1039/a708770e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Campagnola D, Castiglioni M, Dastrù W, Deabate S, Giordano R, King PJ, Sappa E. Solid–gas reactions of metal carbonyl clusters. Hydrogenation of 1,4-cyclohexadiene and hex-3-yne in the presence of H4Ru4(CO)12, Ru3(CO)12 or Ru3(CO)3(μ-CO)(μ3-CO)(μ3-‖-C2Ph2)(η-C5H5)2. Inorganica Chim Acta 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(97)05516-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Aime
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Gobetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Jochen Krause
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Lluisa Matas
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Viale
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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