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Parillo M, Mallio CA, Van der Molen AJ, Rovira À, Dekkers IA, Karst U, Stroomberg G, Clement O, Gianolio E, Nederveen AJ, Radbruch A, Quattrocchi CC. The role of gadolinium-based contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging structured reporting and data systems (RADS). MAGMA 2024; 37:15-25. [PMID: 37702845 PMCID: PMC10876744 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-023-01113-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Among the 28 reporting and data systems (RADS) available in the literature, we identified 15 RADS that can be used in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Performing examinations without using gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) has benefits, but GBCA administration is often required to achieve an early and accurate diagnosis. The aim of the present review is to summarize the current role of GBCA in MRI RADS. This overview suggests that GBCA are today required in most of the current RADS and are expected to be used in most MRIs performed in patients with cancer. Dynamic contrast enhancement is required for correct scores calculation in PI-RADS and VI-RADS, although scientific evidence may lead in the future to avoid the GBCA administration in these two RADS. In Bone-RADS, contrast enhancement can be required to classify an aggressive lesion. In RADS scoring on whole body-MRI datasets (MET-RADS-P, MY-RADS and ONCO-RADS), in NS-RADS and in Node-RADS, GBCA administration is optional thanks to the intrinsic high contrast resolution of MRI. Future studies are needed to evaluate the impact of the high T1 relaxivity GBCA on the assignment of RADS scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Parillo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Augusto Mallio
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Aart J Van der Molen
- Department of Radiology, C-2S, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Àlex Rovira
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ilona A Dekkers
- Department of Radiology, C-2S, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerard Stroomberg
- RIWA-Rijn-Association of River Water Works, Groenendael 6, 3439 LV, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier Clement
- Service de Radiologie, Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, DMU Imagina, 20 Rue LeBlanc, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexander Radbruch
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carlo Cosimo Quattrocchi
- Centre for Medical Sciences-CISMed, University of Trento, Via S. Maria Maddalena 1, 38122, Trento, Italy.
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Stefania R, Palagi L, Di Gregorio E, Ferrauto G, Dinatale V, Aime S, Gianolio E. Seeking for Innovation with Magnetic Resonance Imaging Paramagnetic Contrast Agents: Relaxation Enhancement via Weak and Dynamic Electrostatic Interactions with Positively Charged Groups on Endogenous Macromolecules. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:134-144. [PMID: 38152996 PMCID: PMC10785807 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Gd-L1 is a macrocyclic Gd-HPDO3A derivative functionalized with a short spacer to a trisulfonated pyrene. When compared to Gd-HPDO3A, the increased relaxivity appears to be determined by both the higher molecular weight and the occurrence of an intramolecularly catalyzed prototropic exchange of the coordinated OH moiety. In water, Gd-L1 displayed a relaxivity of 7.1 mM-1 s-1 (at 298 K and 0.5 T), slightly increasing with the concentration likely due to the onset of intermolecular aggregation. A remarkably high and concentration-dependent relaxivity was measured in human serum (up to 26.5 mM-1 s-1 at the lowest tested concentration of 0.005 mM). The acquisition of 1H-nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) and 17O-R2 vs T profiles allowed to get an in-depth characterization of the system. In vitro experiments in the presence of human serum albumin, γ-globulins, and polylysine, as well as using media mimicking the extracellular matrix, provided strong support to the view that the trisulfonated pyrene fosters binding interactions with the exposed positive groups on the surface of proteins, responsible for a remarkable in vivo hyperintensity in T1w MR images. The in vivo MR images of the liver, kidneys, and spleen showed a marked contrast enhancement in the first 10 min after the i.v. injection of Gd-L1, which was 2-6-fold higher than that for Gd-HPDO3A, while maintaining a very similar excretion behavior. These findings may pave the way to an improved design of MRI GBCAs, for the first time, based on the setup of weak and dynamic interactions with abundant positive groups on serum and ECM proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Stefania
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
- Department
of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria 15120, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Palagi
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Enza Di Gregorio
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Valentina Dinatale
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | | | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
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Gréa T, Jacquot G, Durand A, Mathieu C, Gasser A, Zhu C, Banerjee M, Hucteau E, Mallard J, Lopez Navarro P, Popescu BV, Thomas E, Kryza D, Sidi-Boumedine J, Ferrauto G, Gianolio E, Fleith G, Combet J, Brun S, Erb S, Cianferani S, Charbonnière LJ, Fellmann L, Mirjolet C, David L, Tillement O, Lux F, Harlepp S, Pivot X, Detappe A. Subcutaneous Administration of a Zwitterionic Chitosan-Based Hydrogel for Controlled Spatiotemporal Release of Monoclonal Antibodies. Adv Mater 2023:e2308738. [PMID: 38105299 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Subcutaneous (SC) administration of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a proven strategy for improving therapeutic outcomes and patient compliance. The current FDA-/EMA-approved enzymatic approach, utilizing recombinant human hyaluronidase (rHuPH20) to enhance mAbs SC delivery, involves degrading the extracellular matrix's hyaluronate to increase tissue permeability. However, this method lacks tunable release properties, requiring individual optimization for each mAb. Seeking alternatives, physical polysaccharide hydrogels emerge as promising candidates due to their tunable physicochemical and biodegradability features. Unfortunately, none have demonstrated simultaneous biocompatibility, biodegradability, and controlled release properties for large proteins (≥150 kDa) after SC delivery in clinical settings. Here, a novel two-component hydrogel comprising chitosan and chitosan@DOTAGA is introduced that can be seamlessly mixed with sterile mAbs formulations initially designed for intravenous (IV) administration, repurposing them as novel tunable SC formulations. Validated in mice and nonhuman primates (NHPs) with various mAbs, including trastuzumab and rituximab, the hydrogel exhibited biodegradability and biocompatibility features. Pharmacokinetic studies in both species demonstrated tunable controlled release, surpassing the capabilities of rHuPH20, with comparable parameters to the rHuPH20+mAbs formulation. These findings signify the potential for rapid translation to human applications, opening avenues for the clinical development of this novel SC biosimilar formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gréa
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1-CNRS, University of Lyon, Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Jean Monnet University, CNRS, UMR 5223 Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, France
| | - Guillaume Jacquot
- Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Nano-H, St Quentin Fallavier, 38070, France
- Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Arthur Durand
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1-CNRS, University of Lyon, Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, France
- MexBrain, 13 avenue Albert Einstein, Villeurbanne, 69100, France
| | - Clélia Mathieu
- Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Adeline Gasser
- Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Chen Zhu
- Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Equipe de Synthèse Pour l'Analyse, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178 CNRS/University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Cedex 2 67087, France
| | - Mainak Banerjee
- Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Equipe de Synthèse Pour l'Analyse, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178 CNRS/University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Cedex 2 67087, France
| | - Elyse Hucteau
- Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Biomedicine Research Centre of Strasbourg (CRBS), Mitochondria, oxidative stress, and muscular protection laboratory (UR 3072), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Joris Mallard
- Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Biomedicine Research Centre of Strasbourg (CRBS), Mitochondria, oxidative stress, and muscular protection laboratory (UR 3072), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Pedro Lopez Navarro
- Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Bogdan V Popescu
- Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Eloise Thomas
- LAGEPP University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5007, Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, France
| | - David Kryza
- LAGEPP University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5007, Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, France
- Imthernat Plateform, Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, 69002, France
| | - Jacqueline Sidi-Boumedine
- LAGEPP University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5007, Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, France
- Imthernat Plateform, Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, 69002, France
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, 10124, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, 10124, Italy
| | - Guillaume Fleith
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR 22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
| | - Jérôme Combet
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR 22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
| | | | - Stéphane Erb
- Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, 67087, France
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI - FR2048, Strasbourg, 67087, France
| | - Sarah Cianferani
- Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, 67087, France
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI - FR2048, Strasbourg, 67087, France
| | - Loïc J Charbonnière
- Equipe de Synthèse Pour l'Analyse, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178 CNRS/University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Cedex 2 67087, France
| | - Lyne Fellmann
- SILABE, Université of Strasbourg, fort Foch, Niederhausbergen, 67207, France
| | - Céline Mirjolet
- Radiation Oncology Department, Preclinical Radiation Therapy and Radiobiology Unit, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Unicancer, Dijon, 21000, France
- TIReCS team, INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Laurent David
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Jean Monnet University, CNRS, UMR 5223 Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, France
| | - Olivier Tillement
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1-CNRS, University of Lyon, Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, France
| | - François Lux
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1-CNRS, University of Lyon, Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, France
- University Institute of France (IUF), Paris, 75231, France
| | - Sébastien Harlepp
- Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Xavier Pivot
- Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Alexandre Detappe
- Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Equipe de Synthèse Pour l'Analyse, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178 CNRS/University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Cedex 2 67087, France
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Parillo M, Mallio CA, Van der Molen AJ, Rovira À, Ramalho J, Ramalho M, Gianolio E, Karst U, Radbruch A, Stroomberg G, Clement O, Dekkers IA, Nederveen AJ, Quattrocchi CC. Skin Toxicity After Exposure to Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Normal Renal Function, Using Clinical Approved Doses: Current Status of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Invest Radiol 2023; 58:530-538. [PMID: 37185158 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to summarize the current preclinical and clinical evidence on the association between exposure to gadolinium (Gd) compounds and skin toxicity in a setting similar to clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search of MEDLINE and PubMed references from January 2000 to December 2022 was performed using keywords related to gadolinium deposition and its effects on the skin, such as "gadolinium," "gadolinium-based contrast agents," "skin," "deposition," and "toxicity." In addition, cross-referencing was added when appropriate. For preclinical in vitro studies, we included all the studies that analyzed the response of human dermal fibroblasts to exposure to various gadolinium compounds. For preclinical animal studies and clinical studies, we included only those that analyzed animals or patients with preserved renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate >30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), using a dosage of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) similar to that commonly applied (0.1 mmol/kg). RESULTS Forty studies were selected. Preclinical findings suggest that Gd compounds can produce profibrotic responses in the skin in vitro, through the activation and proliferation of dermal fibroblasts and promoting their myofibroblast differentiation. Gadolinium influences the process of collagen production and the collagen content of skin, by increasing the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1. Preclinical animal studies show that Gd can deposit in the skin with higher concentrations when linear GBCAs are applied. However, these deposits decrease over time and are not associated with obvious macroscopic or histological modifications. The clinical relevance of GBCAs in inducing small fiber neuropathy remains to be determined. Clinical studies show that Gd is detectable in the skin and hair of subjects with normal renal function in higher concentrations after intravenous administration of linear compared with macrocyclic GBCA. However, these deposits decrease over time and are not associated with cutaneous or histological modifications. Also, subclinical dermal involvement related to linear GBCA exposure may be detectable on brain MRI. There is no conclusive evidence to support a causal relationship between GBCA administration at the clinical dose and cutaneous manifestations in patients with normal renal function. CONCLUSIONS Gadolinium can produce profibrotic responses in the skin, especially acting on fibroblasts, as shown by preclinical in vitro studies. Gadolinium deposits are detectable in the skin even in subjects with normal renal function with higher concentrations when linear GBCAs are used, as confirmed by both preclinical animal and human studies. There is no proof to date of a cause-effect relationship between GBCA administration at clinical doses and cutaneous consequences in patients with normal renal function. Multiple factors, yet to be determined, should be considered for sporadic patients with normal renal function who develop clinical skin manifestations temporally related to GBCA administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Parillo
- From the Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo A Mallio
- From the Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Aart J Van der Molen
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Àlex Rovira
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Ramalho
- Department of Neuroradiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon
| | - Miguel Ramalho
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Garcia de Orta, EPE, Almada, Portugal
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster
| | - Alexander Radbruch
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gerard Stroomberg
- RIWA-Rijn-Association of River Water Works, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - Olivier Clement
- Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, DMU Imagina, Service de Radiologie, Paris, France
| | - Ilona A Dekkers
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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D'Amato A, Jiang L, Della Sala G, Kirshenbaum K, Costabile C, Furlan C, Gianolio E, Izzo I, De Riccardis F. Water-Soluble Chiral Cyclic Peptoids and Their Sodium and Gadolinium Complexes: Study of Conformational and Relaxometric Properties. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37155983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic peptoids are macrocyclic oligomers of N-substituted glycines with specific folding abilities and excellent metal binding properties. In this work, we show how strategic positioning of chiral (S)- and (R)-(1-carboxyethyl)glycine units influences the conformational stability of water-soluble macrocyclic peptoids as sodium complexes. The reported results are based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, extensive computational studies, and X-ray diffraction analysis using single crystals grown from aqueous solutions. The studies include 1H relaxometric investigations of hexameric cyclic peptoids in the presence of the Gd3+ ion to assess their thermodynamic stabilities and relaxivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta D'Amato
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, SA 84084, Italy
| | - Linhai Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003-6688, United States
| | - Giorgio Della Sala
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, SA 84084, Italy
| | - Kent Kirshenbaum
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003-6688, United States
| | - Chiara Costabile
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, SA 84084, Italy
| | - Chiara Furlan
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences and Molecular Imaging Center, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences and Molecular Imaging Center, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Irene Izzo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, SA 84084, Italy
| | - Francesco De Riccardis
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, SA 84084, Italy
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Romano F, Di Gregorio E, Riccardi G, Furlan C, Cavallini N, Savorani F, Di Porzio A, De Tito S, Randazzo A, Gianolio E, Iaccarino N. Comparison of the biological effects of gadodiamide (Omniscan) and gadoteridol (ProHance) by means of multi-organ and plasma metabolomics. Analyst 2023; 148:2415-2424. [PMID: 37092509 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00353a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are massively employed in radiology to increase the diagnostic power of MRI. However, investigations aiming at detecting possible metabolic perturbations or adverse health effects due to gadolinium deposition are still lacking. In this work, aqueous organs extract and plasma samples were analyzed by GC-MS and 1H-NMR, respectively, to investigate the effects of multiple administrations of one linear (Omniscan) and one macrocyclic (ProHance) GBCA, on the main metabolic pathways in healthy mice. Multivariate analysis revealed that plasma metabolome was not differently perturbed by the two GBCAs, while, the multiorgan analysis displayed a clear separation of the Omniscan-treated from the control and the ProHance-treated groups. Interestingly, the most affected organs were the brain, cerebellum and liver. Thus, this work paves the way to both the safest use of the commercially available GBCAs and the development of new GBCAs characterized by lower general toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Romano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80131, Italy.
| | - Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Turin, 10126, Italy.
| | - Gelsomina Riccardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80131, Italy.
| | - Chiara Furlan
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Turin, 10126, Italy.
| | - Nicola Cavallini
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, 10129, Italy
| | - Francesco Savorani
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, 10129, Italy
| | - Anna Di Porzio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80131, Italy.
| | - Stefano De Tito
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Antonio Randazzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80131, Italy.
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Turin, 10126, Italy.
| | - Nunzia Iaccarino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80131, Italy.
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7
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Rosa E, Gallo E, Sibillano T, Giannini C, Rizzuti S, Gianolio E, Scognamiglio PL, Morelli G, Accardo A, Diaferia C. Incorporation of PEG Diacrylates (PEGDA) Generates Hybrid Fmoc-FF Hydrogel Matrices. Gels 2022; 8:gels8120831. [PMID: 36547355 PMCID: PMC9778368 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Generated by a hierarchical and multiscale self-assembling phenomenon, peptide-based hydrogels (HGs) are soft materials useful for a variety of applications. Short and ultra-short peptides are intriguing building blocks for hydrogel fabrication. These matrices can also be obtained by mixing low-molecular-weight peptides with other chemical entities (e.g., polymers, other peptides). The combination of two or more constituents opens the door to the development of hybrid systems with tunable mechanical properties and unexpected biofunctionalities or morphologies. For this scope, the formulation, the multiscale analysis, and the supramolecular characterization of novel hybrid peptide-polymer hydrogels are herein described. The proposed matrices contain the Fmoc-FF (Nα-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl diphenylalanine) hydrogelator at a concentration of 0.5 wt% (5.0 mg/mL) and a diacrylate α-/ω-substituted polyethylene-glycol derivative (PEGDA). Two PEGDA derivatives, PEGDA 1 and PEGDA2 (mean molecular weights of 575 and 250 Da, respectively), are mixed with Fmoc-FF at different ratios (Fmoc-FF/PEGDA at 1/1, 1/2, 1/5, 1/10 mol/mol). All the multicomponent hybrid peptide-polymer hydrogels are scrutinized with a large panel of analytical techniques (including proton relaxometry, FTIR, WAXS, rheometry, and scanning electronic microscopy). The matrices were found to be able to generate mechanical responses in the 2-8 kPa range, producing a panel of tunable materials with the same chemical composition. The release of a model drug (Naphthol Yellow S) is reported too. The tunable features, the different topologies, and the versatility of the proposed materials open the door to the development of tools for different applicative areas, including diagnostics, liquid biopsies and responsive materials. The incorporation of a diacrylate function also suggests the possible development of interpenetrating networks upon cross-linking reactions. All the collected data allow a mutual comparison between the different matrices, thus confirming the significance of the hybrid peptide/polymer-based methodology as a strategy for the design of innovative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico Gallo
- IRCCS Synlab SDN, Via E. Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Sibillano
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), CNR, Via Amendola 122, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), CNR, Via Amendola 122, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Serena Rizzuti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Accardo
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Diaferia
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0812-534-526
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8
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Rosa E, Diaferia C, Gianolio E, Sibillano T, Gallo E, Smaldone G, Stornaiuolo M, Giannini C, Morelli G, Accardo A. Multicomponent Hydrogel Matrices of Fmoc-FF and Cationic Peptides for Application in Tissue Engineering. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200128. [PMID: 35524744 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the last years, peptide based hydrogels are being increasingly used as suitable matrices for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, including drug delivery and tissue engineering. Recently, we decrived the synthesis and the gelation properties of a small library of cationic peptides, containing a Lys residue at the C-teminus and derivatized with a Fmoc group or with the Fmoc-diphenylalanine (FmocFF) at the N-terminus. Here, we demonstrate that the combination of these peptides with the well known hydrogelator FmocFF, in different weight/weight ratios, allows the achievement of seven novel self-sorted hydrogels, which share similar peptide organization of their supramolecular matrix. Rheological and relaxometric characterization highlighted a different mechanical rigidity and water mobility in the gels as demostrated by the storage modulus values (200 Pa<G'<35000 Pa) and by relaxometry, respectively. In vitro studied demonstrated that most of the tested mixed hydrogels do not disturb significantly the cell viability (>95%) over 72h of treatment. Moreover, in virtue to its capability to strongly favour adhesion, spreading and duplication of 3T3-L1 cells, one of the tested hydrogel may be eligible as sinthetic extracellular matrix. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Carlo Diaferia
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10125, Italy
| | - Teresa Sibillano
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), CNR, Via Amendola 122, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Enrico Gallo
- IRCCS Synlab SDN, Via E. Gianturco 113, Naples, 80143, Italy
| | | | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), CNR, Via Amendola 122, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Antonella Accardo
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, Naples, 80134, Italy
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9
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Di Gregorio E, Arena F, Gianolio E, Ferrauto G, Aime S. The interaction between iodinated X‐ray contrast agents and macrocyclic
GBCAs
provides a signal enhancement in
T
1
‐weighted MR
images: Insights into the renal excretion pathways of
Gd‐HPDO3A
and iodixanol in healthy mice. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:357-364. [PMID: 35253921 PMCID: PMC9314041 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This work aims to investigate the supramolecular binding interactions that occur between iodinated X‐ray contrast agents (CAs) and macrocyclic gadolinium (Gd)–based MRI contrast agents (GBCAs). This study provides some new insights in the renal excretion pathways of the two types of imaging probes. Methods The water‐proton relaxivities (r1) of clinically approved macrocyclic and linear GBCAs have been measured in the presence of different iodinated X‐ray contrast agents at different magnetic field strengths in buffer and in serum. The in vivo MRI and X‐ray CT of mice injected with either Gd‐HPDO3A or a Gd‐HPDO3A + iodixanol mixture were then acquired to assess the biodistribution of the two probes. Results A significant increase in r1 (up to approximately 200%) was observed for macrocyclic GBCAs when measured in the presence of an excess of iodinated X‐ray CAs (1:100 mol:mol) in serum. The co‐administration of Gd‐HPDO3A and iodixanol in vivo resulted in a marked increase in the signal intensity of the kidney regions in T1‐weighted MR images. Moreover, the co‐presence of the two agents resulted in the extended persistence of the MRI signal enhancement, suggesting that the Gd‐HPDO3A/iodixanol adduct was eliminated more slowly than the typical washing out of Gd‐HPDO3A. Conclusions The reported results show that it is possible to detect the co‐presence of iodinated agents and macrocyclic GBCAs in contrast‐enhanced MR images. The new information may be useful in the design of novel experiments toward improved diagnostic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Di Gregorio
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Turin Turin Italy
| | - Francesca Arena
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Turin Turin Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Turin Turin Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Turin Turin Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico Naples Italy
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10
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Di Gregorio E, Boccalon M, Furlan C, Gianolio E, Benyei A, Aime S, Baranyai Z, Ferrauto G. Studies of the hydrophobic interaction between a pyrene - containing dye and a tetra-aza macrocyclic gadolinium complex. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00596d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An in vivo and in vitro investigation of the hydrophobic interaction between HPTS and gadolinium(III)-complex of tetra-aza macrocyclic ligand HP-DO3A‡ (Gd(HP-DO3A)) is reported. UV-spectra at variable pH showed that the...
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11
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Furlan C, Montarolo F, Di Gregorio E, Parolisi R, Atlante S, Buffo A, Bertolotto A, Aime S, Gianolio E. Analysis of the Gadolinium retention in the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) murine model of Multiple Sclerosis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126831. [PMID: 34364067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to quantitatively investigate, at the preclinical level, the extent of Gd retention in the CNS, and peripheral organs, of immune-mediated murine models (Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis -EAE) of Multiple Sclerosis, compared to control animals, upon the injection of gadodiamide. The influence of the Gadolinium Based Contrast Agent administration timing during the course of EAE development is also monitored. METHODS EAE mice were injected with three doses (1.2 mmol/kg each) of gadodiamide at three different time points during the EAE development and sacrificed after 21 or 39 days. Organs were collected and the amount of Gd was quantified through Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and MRI techniques were applied to add spatial and qualitative information to the obtained results. RESULTS In the spinal cord of EAE group, 21 days after gadodiamide administration, a significantly higher accumulation of Gd occurred. Conversely, in the encephalon, a lower amount of Gd retention was reached, even if differences emerged between EAE and controls mice. After 39 days, the amounts of retained Gd markedly decreased. TEM validated the presence of Gd in CNS. MRI of the encephalon at 7.1T did not highlight any hyper intense region. CONCLUSION In the spinal cord of EAE mice, which is the mostly damaged region in this specific animal model, a preferential but transient accumulation of Gd is observed. In the encephalon, the Gd retention could be mostly related to inflammation occurring upon immunization rather than to demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Furlan
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Montarolo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Roberta Parolisi
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Torino, Italy; Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Sandra Atlante
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Annalisa Buffo
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Torino, Italy; Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Antonio Bertolotto
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Torino, Italy; Neurology Unit, -CReSM (Regional Referring Center of Multiple Sclerosis), AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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12
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Palagi L, Di Gregorio E, Costanzo D, Stefania R, Cavallotti C, Capozza M, Aime S, Gianolio E. Fe(deferasirox) 2: An Iron(III)-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging T1 Contrast Agent Endowed with Remarkable Molecular and Functional Characteristics. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14178-14188. [PMID: 34432442 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The search for alternatives to Gd-containing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents addresses the field of Fe(III)-bearing species with the expectation that the use of an essential metal ion may avoid the issues raised by the exogenous Gd. Attention is currently devoted to highly stable Fe(III) complexes with hexacoordinating ligands, although they may lack any coordinated water molecule. We found that the hexacoordinated Fe(III) complex with two units of deferasirox, a largely used iron sequestering agent, owns properties that can make it a viable alternative to Gd-based agents. Fe(deferasirox)2 displays an outstanding thermodynamic stability, a high binding affinity to human serum albumin (three molecules of complex are simultaneously bound to the protein), and a good relaxivity that increases in the range 20-80 MHz. The relaxation enhancement is due to second sphere water molecules likely forming H-bonds with the coordinating phenoxide oxygens. A further enhancement was observed upon the formation of the supramolecular adduct with albumin. The binding sites of Fe(deferasirox)2 on albumin were characterized by relaxometric competitive assays. Preliminary in vivo imaging studies on a tumor-bearing mouse model indicate that, on a 3 T MRI scanner, the contrast ability of Fe(deferasirox)2 is comparable to the one shown by the commercial Gd(DTPA) agent. ICP-MS analyses on blood samples withdrawn from healthy mice administered with a dose of 0.1 mmol/kg of Fe(deferasirox)2 showed that the complex is completely removed in 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Palagi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Diana Costanzo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy
| | | | - Martina Capozza
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy
- IRCCS SDN, Via E. Gianturco 113, Napoli 80143, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy
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13
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Tear LR, Carrera C, Dhakan CB, Cavallari E, Travagin F, Calcagno C, Aime S, Gianolio E. An albumin-binding Gd-HPDO3A contrast agent for improved intravascular retention. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00128k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new Gd-HPDO3A derivative with improved MR contrast enhancing efficiency, demonstrated in a murine tumor model and in mouse models for stable and vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques, due to increased intravascular retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise R. Tear
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Torino Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Carla Carrera
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Chetan B. Dhakan
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Turin, Italy
- University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cavallari
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Torino Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Fabio Travagin
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco (DSF), Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Novara, Italy
| | - Claudia Calcagno
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Torino Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Torino Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Turin, Italy
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14
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Lattuada L, Horváth D, Colombo Serra S, Fringuello Mingo A, Minazzi P, Bényei A, Forgács A, Fedeli F, Gianolio E, Aime S, Giovenzana GB, Baranyai Z. Enhanced relaxivity of GdIII-complexes with HP-DO3A-like ligands upon the activation of the intramolecular catalysis of the prototropic exchange. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01333a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The simple modification of the hydroxypropyl arm in Gd(HP-DO3A) complex allows to achieve an increased relaxivity by the activation of the intramolecular catalysis of the proton exchange process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dávid Horváth
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Debrecen
- Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1
- Hungary
| | | | | | | | - Attila Bényei
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Debrecen
- Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1
- Hungary
| | - Attila Forgács
- MTA-DE Redox and Homogeneous Catalytic Reaction Mechanisms Research Group
- Debrecen
- Hungary
| | | | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science
- University of Turin
- Turin
- Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science
- University of Turin
- Turin
- Italy
| | - Giovanni B. Giovenzana
- CAGE Chemicals
- 28100 Novara
- Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco
- Università del Piemonte Orientale
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15
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Kock FVC, Forgács A, Guidolin N, Stefania R, Vágner A, Gianolio E, Aime S, Baranyai Z. [Gd(AAZTA)] - Derivatives with n-Alkyl Acid Side Chains Show Improved Properties for Their Application as MRI Contrast Agents*. Chemistry 2020; 27:1849-1859. [PMID: 33184913 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis and an extensive characterization of two novel Gd(AAZTA) (AAZTA=6-amino-6-methylperhydro-1,4-diazepine tetra acetic acid) derivatives functionalized with short (C2 and C4 ) n-alkyl acid functions are reported. The carboxylate functionality is the site for further conjugations for the design of more specific contrast agents (CAs). Interestingly, it has been found that the synthesized complexes display enhanced properties for use as MRI contrast agents on their own. The stability constants determined by using potentiometric titration and UV/Vis spectrophotometry were slightly higher than the one reported for the parent Gd(AAZTA) complex. This observation might be accounted for by the larger sigma-electron donation of the acyl substituents with respect to the one provided by the methyl group in the parent complex. As far as concerns the kinetic stability, transmetallation experiments with endogenous ions (e.g. Cu2+ ) implied that the Gd3+ ions present in these Gd(AAZTA) derivatives show somewhat smaller susceptibility to chemical exchange towards these ions at 25 °C, close to the physiological condition. The 1 H NMR spectra of the complexes with EuIII and YbIII displayed a set of signals consistent with half the number of methylene protons present on each ligand. The number of resonances was invariant over a large range of temperatures, suggesting the occurrence of a fast interconversion between structural isomers. The relaxivity values (298 K, 20 MHz) were consistent with q=2 being equal to 8.8 mm-1 s-1 for the C2 derivative and 9.4 mm-1 s-1 for the C4 one, that is, sensibly larger than the one reported for Gd(AAZTA) (7.1 mm-1 s-1 ). Variable-temperature (VT)-T2 17 O NMR measurements showed, for both complexes, the presence of two populations of coordinated water molecules, one in fast and one in slow exchange with the bulk water. As the high-resolution 1 H NMR spectra of the analogs with EuIII and YbIII did not show the occurrence of distinct isomers (as frequently observed in other macrocyclic lanthanide(III)-containing complexes), we surmised the presence of two fast-interconverting isomers in solution. The analysis of the 17 O NMR VT-T2 profiles versus temperature allowed their relative molar fraction to be established as 35 % for the isomer with the fast exchanging water and 65 % for the isomer with the water molecules in slower exchange. Finally, 1 H NMRD profiles over an extended range of applied magnetic field strengths have been satisfactory fitted on the basis of the occurrence of the two interconverting species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio Vinicius Crizóstomo Kock
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Attila Forgács
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4010, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Redox and Homogeneous Catalytic Reaction Mechanisms, Research Group, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Nicol Guidolin
- Bracco Imaging SpA, Bracco Research Center, Via Ribes 5, 10010, Colleretto Giacosa (TO), Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Adrienn Vágner
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4010, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Zsolt Baranyai
- Bracco Imaging SpA, Bracco Research Center, Via Ribes 5, 10010, Colleretto Giacosa (TO), Italy
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16
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Di Gregorio E, Lattuada L, Maiocchi A, Aime S, Ferrauto G, Gianolio E. Supramolecular adducts between macrocyclic Gd(iii) complexes and polyaromatic systems: a route to enhance the relaxivity through the formation of hydrophobic interactions. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1368-1377. [PMID: 34163900 PMCID: PMC8179163 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03504a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The set-up of reversible binding interactions between the hydrophobic region of macrocyclic GBCAs (Gadolinium Based Contrast Agents) and SO3 -/OH containing pyrene derivatives provides new insights for pursuing relaxivity enhancements of this class of MRI contrast agents. The strong binding affinity allows attaining relaxation enhancements up to 50% at pyrene/GBCA ratios of 3 : 1. High resolution NMR spectra of the Yb-HPDO3A/pyrene system fully support the formation of a supramolecular adduct based on the set-up of hydrophobic interactions. The relaxation enhancement may be accounted for in terms of the increase of the molecular reorientation time (τ R) and the number of second sphere water molecules. This effect is maintained in blood serum and in vivo, as shown by the enhancement of contrast in T 1w-MR images obtained by simultaneous injection of GBCA and pyrene derivatives in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Di Gregorio
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino Via Nizza 52 Torino 10126 Italy
| | - Luciano Lattuada
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre Via Ribes 5 Colleretto Giacosa TO 10010 Italy
| | - Alessandro Maiocchi
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre Via Ribes 5 Colleretto Giacosa TO 10010 Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino Via Nizza 52 Torino 10126 Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino Via Nizza 52 Torino 10126 Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino Via Nizza 52 Torino 10126 Italy
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Di Gregorio E, Ferrauto G, Schwarzer E, Gianolio E, Valente E, Ulliers D, Aime S, Skorokhod O. Relaxometric studies of erythrocyte suspensions infected by Plasmodium falciparum: a tool for staging infection and testing anti-malarial drugs. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:3366-3378. [PMID: 32602953 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malaria is a global health problem with the most malignant form caused by Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum). Parasite maturation in red blood cells (RBCs) is accompanied by changes including the formation of paramagnetic hemozoin (HZ) nanocrystals, and increased metabolism and variation in membrane lipid composition. Herein, MR relaxometry (MRR) was applied to investigate water exchange across RBCs' membrane and HZ formation in parasitized RBCs. METHODS Transverse water protons relaxation rate constants (R2 = 1/T2 ) were measured for assessing HZ formation in P. falciparum-parasitized human RBCs. Moreover, water exchange lifetimes across the RBC membrane (τi ) were assessed by measuring longitudinal relaxation rate constants (R1 = 1/T1 ) at 21.5 MHz in the presence of a gadolinium complex dissolved in the suspension medium. RESULTS τi increased after invasion of parasites (ring stage, mean τi / τ i 0 = 1.234 ± 0.022) and decreased during maturation to late trophozoite (mean τi / τ i 0 = 0.960 ± 0.075) and schizont stages (mean τi / τ i 0 = 1.019 ± 0.065). The HZ accumulation in advanced stages was revealed by T2 -shortening. The curves reporting R2 (1/T2 ) vs. magnetic field showed different slopes for non-parasitized RBCs (npRBCs) and parasitized RBCs (pRBCs), namely 0.003 ± 0.001 for npRBCs, 0.009 ± 0.002, 0.028 ± 0.004 and 0.055 ± 0.002 for pRBCs at ring-, early trophozoite-, and late trophozoite stage, respectively. Antimalarial molecules dihydroartemisinin and chloroquine elicited measurable changes in parasitized RBCs, namely dihydroartemisinin modified τi , whereas the interference of chloroquine with HZ formation was detectable by a significant T2 increase. CONCLUSIONS MRR can be considered a useful tool for reporting on P. falciparum blood stages and for screening potential antimalarial molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Di Gregorio
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Eliana Gianolio
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Valente
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Aime
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Oleksii Skorokhod
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Tear LR, Carrera C, Gianolio E, Aime S. Towards an Improved Design of MRI Contrast Agents: Synthesis and Relaxometric Characterisation of Gd-HPDO3A Analogues. Chemistry 2020; 26:6056-6063. [PMID: 32133687 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The properties of LnIII -HPDO3A complexes as relaxation enhancers and paraCEST agents are essentially related to the hydroxylpropyl moiety. A series of three HPDO3A derivatives, with small modifications to the hydroxyl arm, were herein investigated to understand how heightened control can be gained over the parameters involved in the design of these agents. A full 1 H and 17 O-NMR relaxometric analysis was conducted and demonstrated that increasing the length of the OH group from the lanthanide centre significantly enhanced the water exchange rate of the gadolinium complex, but with a subsequent reduction in kinetic stability. Alternatively, the introduction of an additional methyl group, which increased the steric bulk around the OH moiety, resulted in the formation of almost exclusively the TSAP isomer (95 %) as identified by 1 H-NMR of the europium complex. The gadolinium analogue of this complex also exhibited a very fast water exchange rate, but with no detectable loss of kinetic stability. This complex therefore demonstrates a notable improvement over Gd-HPDO3A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise R Tear
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Carla Carrera
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
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19
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Gallo E, Diaferia C, Di Gregorio E, Morelli G, Gianolio E, Accardo A. Peptide-Based Soft Hydrogels Modified with Gadolinium Complexes as MRI Contrast Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13020019. [PMID: 31973215 PMCID: PMC7168922 DOI: 10.3390/ph13020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly-aromatic peptide sequences are able to self-assemble into a variety of supramolecular aggregates such as fibers, hydrogels, and tree-like multi-branched nanostructures. Due to their biocompatible nature, these peptide nanostructures have been proposed for several applications in biology and nanomedicine (tissue engineering, drug delivery, bioimaging, and fabrication of biosensors). Here we report the synthesis, the structural characterization and the relaxometric behavior of two novel supramolecular diagnostic agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique. These diagnostic agents are obtained for self-assembly of DTPA(Gd)-PEG8-(FY)3 or DOTA(Gd)-PEG8-(FY)3 peptide conjugates, in which the Gd-complexes are linked at the N-terminus of the PEG8-(FY)3 polymer peptide. This latter was previously found able to form self-supporting and stable soft hydrogels at a concentration of 1.0% wt. Analogously, also DTPA(Gd)-PEG8-(FY)3 and DOTA(Gd)-PEG8-(FY)3 exhibit the trend to gelificate at the same range of concentration. Moreover, the structural characterization points out that peptide (FY)3 moiety keeps its capability to arrange into β-sheet structures with an antiparallel orientation of the β-strands. The high relaxivity value of these nanostructures (~12 mM−1·s−1 at 20 MHz) and the very low in vitro cytotoxicity suggest their potential application as supramolecular diagnostic agents for MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Gallo
- IRCCS SDN, Via E. Gianturco 113, 80143 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Carlo Diaferia
- Department of Pharmacy and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples “Federico II”, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy; (C.D.); (G.M.)
| | - Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10125 Turin, Italy; (E.D.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples “Federico II”, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy; (C.D.); (G.M.)
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10125 Turin, Italy; (E.D.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Antonella Accardo
- Department of Pharmacy and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples “Federico II”, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy; (C.D.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang SY, Wang ZY, Gao J, Wang K, Gianolio E, Aime S, Shi W, Zhou Z, Cheng P, Zaworotko MJ. A Gadolinium(III) Zeolite-like Metal-Organic-Framework-Based Magnetic Resonance Thermometer. Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Di Gregorio E, Ferrauto G, Lanzardo S, Gianolio E, Aime S. Use of FCC-NMRD relaxometry for early detection and characterization of ex-vivo murine breast cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4624. [PMID: 30874603 PMCID: PMC6420649 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41154-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast Cancer is the most diffuse cancer among women and the treatment outcome is largely determined by its early detection. MRI at fixed magnetic field is already widely used for cancer detection. Herein it is shown that the acquisition of proton T1 at different magnetic fields adds further advantages. In fact, Fast Field Cycling Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Dispersion (FFC-NMRD) profiles have been shown to act as a high -sensitivity tool for cancer detection and staging in ex vivo murine breast tissues collected from Balb/NeuT mice. From NMRD profiles it was possible to extract two new cancer biomarkers, namely: (i) the appearance of 14N-quadrupolar peaks (QPs) reporting on tumor onset and (ii) the slope of the NMRD profile reporting on the progression of the tumor. By this approach it was possible to detect the presence of tumor in transgenic NeuT mice at a very early stage (5-7 weeks), when the disease is not yet detectable by using conventional high field (7 T) MRI and only minimal abnormalities are present in histological assays. These results show that, NMRD profiles may represent a useful tool for early breast cancer detection and for getting more insight into an accurate tumor phenotyping, highlighting changes in composition of the mammary gland tissue (lipids/proteins/water) occurring during the development of the neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefania Lanzardo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy. .,IBB-CNR, Sede secondaria c/o Molecular Biotechnology Center, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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22
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Gianolio E, Bäckström S, Petoral RM, Olsson A, Aime S, Axelsson O. Characterization of a Manganese-Containing Nanoparticle as an MRI Contrast Agent. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Gianolio
- Dep. of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science; University of Torino; Via Nizza 52 Torino Italy
| | | | | | - Anders Olsson
- Spago Nanomedical AB; Scheelevägen 22 22363 Lund Sweden
| | - Silvio Aime
- Dep. of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science; University of Torino; Via Nizza 52 Torino Italy
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Diaferia C, Gianolio E, Accardo A. Peptide-based building blocks as structural elements for supramolecular Gd-containing MRI contrast agents. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3157. [PMID: 30767370 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most important clinic diagnostic tool used to obtain high-quality body images. The administration of low-molecular-weight Gd complex-based MRI contrast agents (CAs) permits to increase the 1 H relaxation rate of nearby water molecules, thus modulating signal intensity and contrast enhancement. Even if highly accurate, MRI modality suffers from its low sensitivity. Moreover, low-molecular-weight CAs rapidly equilibrate between the intravascular and extravascular spaces after their administration. In order to improve their sensitivity and limit the extravasation phenomenon, several macromolecular and supramolecular multimeric gadolinium complexes (dendrimers, polymers, carbon nanostructures, micelles, and liposomes) have been designed until now. Because of their biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, low cost, and easy synthetic modification, peptides are attractive building blocks for the fabbrication of novel materials for biomedical applications. We report on the state of the art of supramolecular CAs obtained by self-assembly of three different classes of building blocks containing a peptide sequence, a gadolinium complex, and, if necessary, a third functional portion achieving the organization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Diaferia
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Accardo
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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24
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Mallio CA, Piervincenzi C, Gianolio E, Cirimele V, Papparella LG, Marano M, Quintiliani L, Aime S, Carducci F, Parizel PM, Quattrocchi CC. Absence of dentate nucleus resting-state functional connectivity changes in nonneurological patients with gadolinium-related hyperintensity on T1
-weighted images. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 50:445-455. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo A. Mallio
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery; Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma; Rome Italy
| | - Claudia Piervincenzi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Neuroimaging Laboratory; Università La Sapienza; Rome Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; Università di Torino; Torino Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cirimele
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery; Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma; Rome Italy
| | - Luigi G. Papparella
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery; Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma; Rome Italy
| | - Massimo Marano
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery; Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma; Rome Italy
| | - Livia Quintiliani
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery; Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma; Rome Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; Università di Torino; Torino Italy
| | - Filippo Carducci
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Neuroimaging Laboratory; Università La Sapienza; Rome Italy
| | - Paul M. Parizel
- Department of Radiology; Antwerp University Hospital; Edegem Belgium
| | - Carlo C. Quattrocchi
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery; Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma; Rome Italy
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25
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Gianolio E, Gregorio ED, Aime S. Chemical Insights into the Issues of Gd Retention in the Brain and Other Tissues Upon the Administration of Gd-Containing MRI Contrast Agents. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Gianolio
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute; Centro di Imaging molecolare; Università degli Studi di Torino; Via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Enza Di Gregorio
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute; Centro di Imaging molecolare; Università degli Studi di Torino; Via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute; Centro di Imaging molecolare; Università degli Studi di Torino; Via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
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26
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Arena F, Bardini P, Blasi F, Gianolio E, Marini GM, La Cava F, Valbusa G, Aime S. Gadolinium presence, MRI hyperintensities, and glucose uptake in the hypoperfused rat brain after repeated administrations of gadodiamide. Neuroradiology 2018; 61:163-173. [DOI: 10.1007/s00234-018-2120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Di Gregorio E, Iani R, Ferrauto G, Nuzzi R, Aime S, Gianolio E. Gd accumulation in tissues of healthy mice upon repeated administrations of Gadodiamide and Gadoteridol. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 48:239-245. [PMID: 29773187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate, by five different administration protocols, the impact of the dosage, the time passed after the last injection and the frequency of injections, on accumulation and distribution of Gd-containing species in the body tissues of healthy mice upon repeated injections of Gadolinium Based Contrast Agents (GBCAs). Gadodiamide and Gadoteridol have been compared. The amount of Gd retained in several tissues/organs (cerebrum, cerebellum, spleen, liver, kidneys, eyes, skin, bone and muscle) has been assessed by ICP-MS upon administration of the GBCAs i) at three weeks or three months after the last administration, ii) when one, three or twelve doses of GBCA were administered and iii) when administrations were made every two weeks. Gd was found in all tissues after the administration of Gadodiamide. Conversely, in the case of Gadoteridol, Gd was detected only in spleen, kidneys, liver and bone. The amounts of Gd found in spleen, liver and kidneys markedly decrease upon increasing the time that has passed after the last administration, whereas, in the case of Gadodiamide, the decrease of Gd found in bone, cerebrum and cerebellum appears to occur at a much slower rate. Overall, areas of long term deposition appear to be bone and spleen for both GBCAs. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that intravenous multiple administrations of GBCAs is associated with extensive multiorgan retention which is reduced but not eliminated by the use of the macrocyclic Gadoteridol as well as by adopting reduced and/or less frequent dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Rebecca Iani
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Raffaele Nuzzi
- Eye Clinic Section and Specialization School in Ophthalmology, Institute of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Juvarra 19, 10100, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- IBB-CNR, Sede Secondaria c/o MBC, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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Tripepi M, Capuana F, Gianolio E, Kock FVC, Pagoto A, Stefania R, Digilio G, Aime S. Synthesis of High Relaxivity Gadolinium AAZTA Tetramers as Building Blocks for Bioconjugation. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:1428-1437. [PMID: 29470084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imaging requires the specific accumulation of contrast agents at the target. To exploit the superb resolution of MRI for applications in molecular imaging, gadolinium chelates, as the MRI contrast agents (CA), have to be conjugated to a specific vector able to recognize the epitope of interest. Several Gd(III)-chelates can be chemically linked to the same binding vector in order to deliver multiple copies of the CA (multimers) in a single targeting event thus increasing the sensitivity of the molecular probe. Herein three novel bifunctional agents, carrying one functional group for the bioconjugation to targeting vectors and four Gd(III)-AAZTA chelate functions for MRI contrast enhancement (AAZTA = 6-amino-6-methylperhydro-1,4-diazepinetetraacetic acid), are reported. The relaxivity in the tetrameric derivatives is 16.4 ± 0.2 mMGd-1 s-1 at 21.5 MHz and 25 °C, being 2.4-fold higher than that of parent, monomeric Gd(III)-AAZTA. These compounds can be used as versatile building blocks to insert preformed, high relaxivity, and high density Gd-centers to biological targeting vectors. As an example, we describe the use of these bifunctional Gd(III)-chelates to label a fibrin-targeting peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Tripepi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences , University of Torino , Via Nizza 52 , 10126 - Torino , Italy
| | - Federico Capuana
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences , University of Torino , Via Nizza 52 , 10126 - Torino , Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences , University of Torino , Via Nizza 52 , 10126 - Torino , Italy
| | - Flávio Vinicius Crizóstomo Kock
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry , São Paulo University , Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400 , 13566-590 , São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Amerigo Pagoto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences , University of Torino , Via Nizza 52 , 10126 - Torino , Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences , University of Torino , Via Nizza 52 , 10126 - Torino , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Digilio
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation , Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro" , Viale T. Michel 11 , 15121 Alessandria , Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences , University of Torino , Via Nizza 52 , 10126 - Torino , Italy
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Gianolio E, Bardini P, Arena F, Stefania R, Di Gregorio E, Iani R, Aime S. Gadolinium Retention in the Rat Brain: Assessment of the Amounts of Insoluble Gadolinium-containing Species and Intact Gadolinium Complexes after Repeated Administration of Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents. Radiology 2017; 285:839-849. [PMID: 28873047 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2017162857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the speciation of gadolinium-containing species after multiple administrations of the gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) gadodiamide and gadoteridol and to quantify the amount of intact gadolinium complexes and insoluble gadolinium-containing species. Materials and Methods A total dose of 13.2 mmol per kilogram of body weight of each GBCA was administered in healthy Wistar rats over a period of 8 weeks. Three days after the final administration, rats were sacrificed, and the brains were excised and divided into three portions. Each portion of brain homogenate was divided into two parts, one for determination of the total gadolinium concentration with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and one for determination of the amount of intact GBCA and gadolinium-containing insoluble species. Relaxometric measurements of gadodiamide and gadolinium trichloride in the presence of polysialic acid were also performed. Results The mean total gadolinium concentrations for gadodiamide and gadoteridol, respectively, were 0.317 μg/g ± 0.060 (standard deviation) and 0.048 μg/g ± 0.004 in the cortex, 0.418 μg/g ± 0.078 and 0.051 μg/g ± 0.009 in the subcortical brain, and 0.781 μg/g ± 0.079 and 0.061 μg/g ± 0.012 in the cerebellum. Gadoteridol comprised 100% of the gadolinium species found in rats treated with gadoteridol. In rats treated with gadodiamide, the largest part of gadolinium retained in brain tissue was insoluble species. In the cerebellum, the amount of intact gadodiamide accounts for 18.2% ± 10.6 of the total gadolinium found therein. The mass balance found for gadolinium implies the occurrence of other soluble gadolinium-containing species (approximately 30%). The relaxivity of the gadolinium polysialic acid species formed in vitro was 97.8 mM/sec at 1.5 T and 298 K. Conclusion Gadoteridol was far less retained, and the entire detected gadolinium was intact soluble GBCA, while gadodiamide yielded both soluble and insoluble gadolinium-containing species, with insoluble species dominating. © RSNA, 2017 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Gianolio
- From the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy (E.G., P.B., F.A., R.S., E.D.G., R.I., S.A.); and Centro di Eccellenza di Imaging Preclinico (CEIP), Colleretto Giacosa, Italy (P.B., F.A., S.A.)
| | - Paola Bardini
- From the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy (E.G., P.B., F.A., R.S., E.D.G., R.I., S.A.); and Centro di Eccellenza di Imaging Preclinico (CEIP), Colleretto Giacosa, Italy (P.B., F.A., S.A.)
| | - Francesca Arena
- From the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy (E.G., P.B., F.A., R.S., E.D.G., R.I., S.A.); and Centro di Eccellenza di Imaging Preclinico (CEIP), Colleretto Giacosa, Italy (P.B., F.A., S.A.)
| | - Rachele Stefania
- From the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy (E.G., P.B., F.A., R.S., E.D.G., R.I., S.A.); and Centro di Eccellenza di Imaging Preclinico (CEIP), Colleretto Giacosa, Italy (P.B., F.A., S.A.)
| | - Enza Di Gregorio
- From the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy (E.G., P.B., F.A., R.S., E.D.G., R.I., S.A.); and Centro di Eccellenza di Imaging Preclinico (CEIP), Colleretto Giacosa, Italy (P.B., F.A., S.A.)
| | - Rebecca Iani
- From the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy (E.G., P.B., F.A., R.S., E.D.G., R.I., S.A.); and Centro di Eccellenza di Imaging Preclinico (CEIP), Colleretto Giacosa, Italy (P.B., F.A., S.A.)
| | - Silvio Aime
- From the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy (E.G., P.B., F.A., R.S., E.D.G., R.I., S.A.); and Centro di Eccellenza di Imaging Preclinico (CEIP), Colleretto Giacosa, Italy (P.B., F.A., S.A.)
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Diaferia C, Gianolio E, Sibillano T, Mercurio FA, Leone M, Giannini C, Balasco N, Vitagliano L, Morelli G, Accardo A. Cross-beta nanostructures based on dinaphthylalanine Gd-conjugates loaded with doxorubicin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:307. [PMID: 28331187 PMCID: PMC5428233 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00332-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Very recently we proposed novel di- and tetra-phenylalanine peptides derivatized with gadolinium complexes as potentials supramolecular diagnostic agents for applications in MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). It was observed that in very short FF dipeptide building blocks, the propensity to aggregate decreases significantly after modification with bulky moiety such as Gd-complexes, thus limiting their potential as CAs. We hypothesized that the replacement of the Phe side chain with more extended aromatic groups could improve the self-assembling. Here we describe the synthesis, structural and relaxometric behavior of a novel water soluble self-assembled peptide CA based on 2-naphthylalanine (2Nal). The peptide conjugate Gd-DOTA-L6-(2Nal)2 is able to self-assemble in long fibrillary nanostructures in water solution (up to 1.0 mg/mL). CD and FTIR spectroscopies indicate a β sheet secondary structure with an antiparallel orientation of single strands. All data are in good agreement with WAXS and SAXS characterizations that show the typical "cross-β pattern" for fibrils at the solid state. Molecular modeling indicates the three-dimensional structure of the peptide spine of aggregates is essentially constituted by extended β-sheet motifs stabilized by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. The high relaxivity of nanoaggregates (12.3 mM-1 s-1 at 20 MHz) and their capability to encapsulate doxorubicin suggest their potential application as supramolecular theranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Diaferia
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Teresa Sibillano
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), CNR, Via Amendola 122, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Flavia Anna Mercurio
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (IBB), CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Marilisa Leone
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (IBB), CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), CNR, Via Amendola 122, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicole Balasco
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (IBB), CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Vitagliano
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (IBB), CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Accardo
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Naples, Italy.
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Diaferia C, Gianolio E, Accardo A, Morelli G. Gadolinium containing telechelic PEG-polymers end-capped by di-phenylalanine motives as potential supramolecular MRI contrast agents. J Pept Sci 2016; 23:122-130. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Diaferia
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB); University of Naples “Federico II”; Via Mezzocannone 16 80134 Naples Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science; University of Turin; Via Nizza 52 10125 Turin Italy
| | - Antonella Accardo
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB); University of Naples “Federico II”; Via Mezzocannone 16 80134 Naples Italy
| | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB); University of Naples “Federico II”; Via Mezzocannone 16 80134 Naples Italy
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Accardo A, Arena F, Gianolio E, Marasco D, Ringhieri P, Boffa C, Bardini P, Aime S, Morelli G. Diolein Based Nanostructures as Targeted Theranostics. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2016; 12:1076-88. [PMID: 27305827 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2016.2212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Diolein based non-targeted theranostic nanoparticles (DO-NPs) containing 10%wt of the amphiphilic Gadolinium complex (C18)2DTPA(Gd), and targeted NPs, obtained by introducing growing amounts (3% wt, 6% wt or 10% wt) of (C18)2-Peg3000- FA in the sample composition, have been studied for their in vitro and in vivo properties. Cellular binding was studied by lCP-MS analysis of the Gadolinium content and by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) assays. The best formulation in terms of selectivity towards IGROV-1 cells with respect to non-targeted DO-NPs, was that containing 3% (C18)2Peg3000- FA (P < 0.01). Cytotoxic studies and confocal microscopy analysis of IGROV-1 cells indicate high selective properties of the targeted doxorubicin (DOX) loaded NPs. Nanoparticles described here represent the first example in which a targeted carrier characterized by a stable foamy mesophase, provided by the Diolein component, combine the therapeutic effect due to the anticancer drug doxorubicin, with the imaging properties provided by paramagnetic gadolinium complexes for MRI. As evidenced by T(1w), and T(2w) MRI images and by the in vivo antitumor effect in IGROV-1 tumor-bearing mice, DO-NP3-FA/DOX provides very high therapeutic efficacy with a tumor growth regression of 80% and 50% higher as compared to the mice treated with saline solution and with Doxil, respectively.
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Hu H, Arena F, Gianolio E, Boffa C, Di Gregorio E, Stefania R, Orio L, Baroni S, Aime S. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles functionalized with fluorescent and MRI reporters for the visualization of murine tumors overexpressing αvβ3 receptors. Nanoscale 2016; 8:7094-7104. [PMID: 26960989 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08878j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel fluorescein/Gd-DOTAGA containing nanoprobe for the visualization of tumors by optical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is reported herein. It is based on the functionalization of the surface of small mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) (∼30 nm) with the arginine-glycine-aspartic (RGD) moieties, which are known to target αvβ3 integrin receptors overexpressed in several tumor cells. The obtained nanoprobe (Gd-MSNs-RGD) displays good stability, tolerability and high relaxivity (37.6 mM(-1) s(-1) at 21.5 MHz). After a preliminary evaluation of their cytotoxicity and targeting capability toward U87MG cells by in vitro fluorescence and MR imaging, the nanoprobes were tested in vivo by T1-weighted MR imaging of xenografted murine tumor models. The obtained results demonstrated that the Gd-MSNs-RGD nanoprobes are good reporters both in vitro and in vivo for the MR-visualization of tumor cells overexpressing αvβ3 integrin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Hu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, Torino, 10126, Italy.
| | - Francesca Arena
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, Torino, 10126, Italy.
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, Torino, 10126, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Boffa
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, Torino, 10126, Italy.
| | - Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, Torino, 10126, Italy.
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, Torino, 10126, Italy.
| | - Laura Orio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, Torino, 10126, Italy.
| | - Simona Baroni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, Torino, 10126, Italy.
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, Torino, 10126, Italy.
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Gianolio E, Boffa C, Orecchia V, Bardini P, Catanzaro V, Poli V, Aime S. A relaxometric method for the assessment of intestinal permeability based on the oral administration of gadolinium-based MRI contrast agents. NMR Biomed 2016; 29:475-482. [PMID: 26866929 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a new relaxometric method for the assessment of intestinal permeability based on the oral administration of clinically approved gadolinium (Gd)-based MRI contrast agents (CAs) is proposed. The fast, easily performed and cheap measurement of the longitudinal water proton relaxation rate (R1) in urine reports the amount of paramagnetic probe that has escaped the gastrointestinal tract. The proposed method appears to be a compelling alternative to the available methods for the assessment of intestinal permeability. The method was tested on the murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in comparison with healthy mice. Three CAs were tested, namely ProHance®, MultiHance® and Magnevist®. Urine was collected for 24 h after the oral ingestion of the Gd-containing CA at day 3-4 (severe damage stage) and day 8-9 (recovery stage) after treatment with DSS. The Gd content in urine measured by (1)H relaxometry was confirmed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The extent of urinary excretion was given as a percentage of excreted Gd over the total ingested dose. The method was validated by comparing the results obtained with the established methodology based on the lactulose/mannitol and sucralose tests. For ProHance and Magnevist, the excreted amounts in the severe stage of damage were 2.5-3 times higher than in control mice. At the recovery stage, no significant differences were observed with respect to healthy mice. Overall, a very good correlation with the lactulose/mannitol and sucralose results was obtained. In the case of MultiHance, the percentage of excreted Gd complex was not significantly different from that of control mice in either the severe or recovery stages. The difference from ProHance and Magnevist was explained on the basis of the (known) partial biliary excretion of MultiHance in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cinzia Boffa
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Orecchia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Bardini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Catanzaro
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Poli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Vágner A, Gianolio E, Aime S, Maiocchi A, Tóth I, Baranyai Z, Tei L. High kinetic inertness of a bis-hydrated Gd-complex with a constrained AAZTA-like ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:11235-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04753j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The GdIII complex of a cyclohexyl-fused AAZTA derivative shows the highest kinetic inertness in the class of non-macrocyclic bis hydrated GdIII-complexes and optimal relaxometric performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienn Vágner
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- University of Debrecen
- Debrecen
- Hungary
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze della Salute
- Centro di Imaging Molecolare e Preclinico
- Università degli Studi di Torino
- Torino
- Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze della Salute
- Centro di Imaging Molecolare e Preclinico
- Università degli Studi di Torino
- Torino
- Italy
| | | | - Imre Tóth
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- University of Debrecen
- Debrecen
- Hungary
| | - Zsolt Baranyai
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- University of Debrecen
- Debrecen
- Hungary
- Centro Ricerche Bracco
| | - Lorenzo Tei
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica
- Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”
- Alessandria
- Italy
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Gianolio E, Ferrauto G, Di Gregorio E, Aime S. Re-evaluation of the water exchange lifetime value across red blood cell membrane. Biochim Biophys Acta 2015; 1858:627-31. [PMID: 26744230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The water exchange lifetime (τ(i)) through red blood cell (RBC) membranes can be measured by analyzing the water protons bi-exponential T1 and T2 curves when RBCs are suspended in a medium supplemented with paramagnetic species. Since the seminal papers published in the early '70s of the previous century, paramagnetic Mn(2+) ions were used for doping the extracellular compartment in the RBCs suspension. The obtained τ(i) values fall in the range of 9.8-14 ms. Conversely, other physic-chemical measurements afforded longer τ(i) values. Herein, it is shown that the replacement of Mn(2+) with the highly stable, hydrophilic Gd(III) complexes used as paramagnetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents led to measure τ(iI) values of 19.1 ± 0.65 ms at 25 ° C. The observed difference is ascribed to the occurrence of enhanced permeability of RBC membrane in the presence of Mn(2+) ions. This view finds support from the observation that an analogous behavior was shown in the presence of other divalent cations, such Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) ions. A possible role of scramblase has been hypothesized. Finally, τ(i) has been measured in presence of alcohols to show that the herein proposed method can detect minor changes in RBC membranes' stiffness upon the incorporation of aliphatic alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Gianolio
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, Torino, Italy
| | - Enza Di Gregorio
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, Torino, Italy.
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Gianolio E, Arena F, Di Gregorio E, Pagliarin R, Delbianco M, Baio G, Aime S. MEMRI and tumors: a method for the evaluation of the contribution of Mn(II) ions in the extracellular compartment. NMR Biomed 2015; 28:1104-1110. [PMID: 26174622 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the work was to set-up a simple method to evaluate the contribution of Mn(2+) ions in the intra- and extracellular tumor compartments in a MEMRI experiment. This task has been tackled by "silencing" the relaxation enhancement arising from Mn(2+) ions in the extracellular space. In vitro relaxometric measurements allowed assessment of the sequestering activity of DO2A (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,7-diacetic acid) towards Mn(2+) ions, as the addition of Ca-DO2A to a solution of MnCl2 causes a drop of relaxivity upon the formation of the highly stable and low-relaxivity Mn-DO2A. It has been proved that the sequestering ability of DO2A towards Mn(2+) ions is also fully effective in the presence of serum albumin. Moreover, it has been shown that Mn-DO2A does not enter cell membranes, nor does the presence of Ca-DO2A in the extracellular space prompt migration of Mn ions from the intracellular compartment. On this basis the in vivo, instantaneous, drop in SE% (percent signal enhancement) in T1 -weighted images is taken as evidence of the sequestration of extracellular Mn(2+) ions upon addition of Ca-DO2A. By applying the method to B16F10 tumor bearing mice, T1 decrease is readily detected in the tumor region, whereas a negligible change in SE% is observed in kidneys, liver and muscle. The relaxometric MRI results have been validated by ICP-MS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences & Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Arena
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences & Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences & Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Gabriella Baio
- Diagnostic Imaging and Senology Unit, National Cancer Institute - IST, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino - IRCCS, Genova, Italy
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences & Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Di Gregorio E, Ferrauto G, Gianolio E, Lanzardo S, Carrera C, Fedeli F, Aime S. An MRI Method To Map Tumor Hypoxia Using Red Blood Cells Loaded with a pO2-Responsive Gd-Agent. ACS Nano 2015; 9:8239-8248. [PMID: 26234938 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a typical hallmark of many solid tumors and often leads to therapy resistance and the development of a more aggressive cancer phenotype. Oxygen content in tissues has been evaluated using numerous different methods for several imaging modalities, but none has yet reached the required standard of spatial and temporal resolution. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) appears to be the technique of choice and several pO2-responsive probes have been designed for it over the years. In vivo translation is often hampered in Gd-relaxation agents as it is not possible to separate effects that arise from changes in local concentration from those associated with responsive properties. A novel procedure for the MRI based assessment of hypoxia is reported herein. The method relies on the combined use of Gd-DOTP- and Gd-HPDO3A-labeled red blood cells (RBCs) where the first probe acts as a vascular oxygenation-responsive agent, while the second reports the local labeled RBC concentration in a transplanted breast tumor mouse model. The MRI assessment of oxygenation state has been validated by photoacoustic imaging and ex vivo immunofluorescence. The method refines tumor staging in preclinical models and makes possible an accurate monitoring of the relationship between oxygenation and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Stefania Lanzardo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Carla Carrera
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Franco Fedeli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino 10126, Italy
- IBB-CNR-UOS at the University of Torino , Torino 10126, Italy
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Tei L, Barge A, Galli M, Pinalli R, Lattuada L, Gianolio E, Aime S. Polyhydroxylated GdDTPA-derivatives as high relaxivity magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15071j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel GdDTPA-like complexes bearing differently branched, highly hydrophilic, gluconyl moieties were synthesized to obtain high relaxivity agents (∼20 mM−1 s−1 at 25 °C) over a wide range of imaging fields (0.5–3 T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Tei
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica
- Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”
- 15121 Alessandria
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Barge
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco
- Università di Torino
- 10125 Torino
- Italy
| | - Matteo Galli
- Bracco Imaging SpA
- Bracco Research Centre
- 10010 Colleretto Giacosa
- Italy
| | - Roberta Pinalli
- Bracco Imaging SpA
- Bracco Research Centre
- 10010 Colleretto Giacosa
- Italy
| | - Luciano Lattuada
- Bracco Imaging SpA
- Bracco Research Centre
- 10010 Colleretto Giacosa
- Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Molecular Imaging Center
- Università di Torino
- Torino
- Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Molecular Imaging Center
- Università di Torino
- Torino
- Italy
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Di Gregorio E, Ferrauto G, Gianolio E, Aime S. Gd loading by hypotonic swelling: an efficient and safe route for cellular labeling. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2014; 8:475-86. [PMID: 24375903 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cells incubated in hypo-osmotic media swell and their membranes become leaky. The flow of water that enters the cells results in the net transport of molecules present in the incubation medium directly into the cell cytoplasm. This phenomenon has been exploited to label cells with MRI Gd-containing contrast agents. It has been found that, in the presence of 100 mM Gd-HPDO3A in an incubation medium characterized by an overall osmolarity of 160 mOsm l⁻¹, each cell is loaded with amounts of paramagnetic complex ranging from 2 × 10⁹ to 2 × 10¹⁰ depending on the cell type. To obtain more insight into the determinants of cellular labeling by the 'hypo-osmotic shock' methodology, a study on cell viability, proliferation rate and cell morphology was carried out on J774A.1 and K562 cells as representative of cells grown in adhesion and suspended ones, respectively. Moreover a comparison of the efficiency of the proposed method with established cell labeling procedures such as pinocytosis and electroporation was carried out. Finally, the effects of the residual electric charge, the size and some structural features of the metal complex were investigated. In summary, the 'hypotonic shock' methodology appears to be an efficient and promising tool to pursue cellular labeling with paramagnetic complexes. Its implementation is straightforward and one may foresee that it will be largely applied in in vitro cellular labeling of many cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Di Gregorio
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126-, Torino, Italy
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Gianolio E, Cabella C, Colombo Serra S, Valbusa G, Arena F, Maiocchi A, Miragoli L, Tedoldi F, Uggeri F, Visigalli M, Bardini P, Aime S. B25716/1: a novel albumin-binding Gd-AAZTA MRI contrast agent with improved properties in tumor imaging. J Biol Inorg Chem 2014; 19:715-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-014-1111-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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De Cola C, Fiorillo G, Meli A, Aime S, Gianolio E, Izzo I, De Riccardis F. Gadolinium-binding cyclic hexapeptoids: synthesis and relaxometric properties. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:424-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42029a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic hexapeptoids are able to efficiently bind Gd3+ions. Their thermodynamic stabilities have been assessed by1H-relaxometric investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara De Cola
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Salerno
- Fisciano, Italy
| | - Gaetano Fiorillo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Salerno
- Fisciano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Meli
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Salerno
- Fisciano, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences and Molecular Imaging Center
- University of Turin
- Turin, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences and Molecular Imaging Center
- University of Turin
- Turin, Italy
| | - Irene Izzo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Salerno
- Fisciano, Italy
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Gambino G, De Pinto S, Tei L, Cassino C, Arena F, Gianolio E, Botta M. A new ditopic Gd(III) complex functionalized with an adamantyl moiety as a versatile building block for the preparation of supramolecular assemblies. J Biol Inorg Chem 2013; 19:133-43. [PMID: 24100595 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-013-1050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A dimeric GdAAZTA-like complex (AAZTA is 6-amino-6-methylperhydro-1,4-diazepinetetraacetic acid) bearing an adamantyl group (Gd2L1) able to form strong supramolecular adducts with specific hosts such as β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), poly-β-CD, and human serum albumin (HSA) is reported. The relaxometric properties of Gd2L1 were investigated in aqueous solution by measuring the (1)H relaxivity as a function of pH, temperature, and magnetic field strength. The relaxivity of Gd2L1 (per Gd atom) at 40 MHz and 298 K is 17.6 mM(-1) s(-1), a value that remains almost constant at higher fields owing to the great compactness and rigidity of the bimetallic chelate, resulting in an ideal value for the rotational correlation time for high-field MRI applications (1.5-3.0 T). The noncovalent interaction of Gd2L1 with β-CD, poly-β-CD, and HSA and the relaxometric properties of the resulting host-guest adducts were investigated using (1)H relaxometric methods. Relaxivity enhancements of 29 and 108 % were found for Gd2L1-β-CD and Gd2L1-poly-β-CD, respectively. Binding of Gd2L1 to HSA (KA = 1.2 × 10(4) M(-1)) results in a remarkable relaxivity of 41.4 mM(-1) s(-1) for the bound form (+248 %). The relaxivity is only limited by the local rotation of the complex within the binding site, which decreases on passing from Gd2L1-β-CD to Gd2L1-HSA. Finally, the applicability of Gd2L1 as tumor-targeting agent through passive accumulation of the HSA-bound adduct was evaluated via acquisition of magnetic resonance images at 1 T of B16-tumor-bearing mice. These experiments indicate a considerable signal enhancement (+160 %) in tumor after 60 min from the injection and a very low hepatic accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gambino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Viale T. Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy
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Barge A, Caporaso M, Cravotto G, Martina K, Tosco P, Aime S, Carrera C, Gianolio E, Pariani G, Corpillo D. Design and Synthesis of a γ1β8-Cyclodextrin Oligomer: A New Platform with Potential Application as a Dendrimeric Multicarrier. Chemistry 2013; 19:12086-92. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Di Gregorio E, Gianolio E, Stefania R, Barutello G, Digilio G, Aime S. On the Fate of MRI Gd-Based Contrast Agents in Cells. Evidence for Extensive Degradation of Linear Complexes upon Endosomal Internalization. Anal Chem 2013; 85:5627-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ac400973q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies
and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies
and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies
and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Barutello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies
and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Digilio
- Department of Environmental
and Life Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale A. Avogadro,
Viale T. Michel 11, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies
and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
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Napolitano R, Pariani G, Fedeli F, Baranyai Z, Aswendt M, Aime S, Gianolio E. Synthesis and relaxometric characterization of a MRI Gd-based probe responsive to glutamic acid decarboxylase enzymatic activity. J Med Chem 2013; 56:2466-77. [PMID: 23469759 DOI: 10.1021/jm301831f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Novel contrast agent based systems, which selectively visualize specific cells, e.g., neurons in the brain, would be of substantial importance for the fast developing field of molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report here the synthesis and in vitro validation of a Gd(III)-based contrast agent designed to act as an MRI responsive probe for imaging the activity of the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) present in neurons. Upon the action of the enzyme, the Gd(III) complex increases its hydration sphere and takes on a residual positive charge that promotes its binding to endogenous macromolecules. Both effects contribute in a synergic way to generate a marked relaxation enhancement, which directly reports enzyme activity and will allow activity detection of GAD positive cells in vitro and in vivo selectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Napolitano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences and Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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Wang J, Velders AH, Gianolio E, Aime S, Vergeldt FJ, Van As H, Yan Y, Drechsler M, de Keizer A, Cohen Stuart MA, van der Gucht J. Controlled mixing of lanthanide(iii) ions in coacervate core micelles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:3736-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc39148e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Accardo A, Gianolio E, Arena F, Barnert S, Schubert R, Tesauro D, Morelli G. Nanostructures based on monoolein or diolein and amphiphilic gadolinium complexes as MRI contrast agents. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:617-628. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00329e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Aswendt M, Gianolio E, Pariani G, Napolitano R, Fedeli F, Himmelreich U, Aime S, Hoehn M. In vivo imaging of inhibitory, GABAergic neurons by MRI. Neuroimage 2012; 62:1685-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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D'Onofrio M, Gianolio E, Ceccon A, Arena F, Zanzoni S, Fushman D, Aime S, Molinari H, Assfalg M. High Relaxivity Supramolecular Adducts Between Human-Liver Fatty-Acid-Binding Protein and Amphiphilic GdIII Complexes: Structural Basis for the Design of Intracellular Targeting MRI Probes. Chemistry 2012; 18:9919-28. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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