Mass Measurement of Upper fp-Shell N=Z-2 and N=Z-1 Nuclei and the Importance of Three-Nucleon Force along the N=Z Line

Using a novel method of isochronous mass spectrometry, the masses of ^{62}Ge, ^{64}As, ^{66}Se, and ^{70}Kr are measured for the first time, and the masses of ^{58}Zn, ^{61}Ga, ^{63}Ge, ^{65}As, ^{67}Se, ^{71}Kr, and ^{75}Sr are redetermined with improved accuracy. The new masses allow us to derive residual proton-neutron interactions (δV_{pn}) in the N=Z nuclei, which are found to decrease (increase) with increasing mass A for even-even (odd-odd) nuclei beyond Z=28. This bifurcation of δV_{pn} cannot be reproduced by the available mass models, nor is it consistent with expectations of a pseudo-SU(4) symmetry restoration in the fp shell. We performed ab initio calculations with a chiral three-nucleon force (3NF) included, which indicate the enhancement of the T=1 pn pairing over the T=0 pn pairing in this mass region, leading to the opposite evolving trends of δV_{pn} in even-even and odd-odd nuclei.

Gut-Brain-Skin Axis in Psoriasis: A Review

Introduction

Psoriasis is a common skin disease, with chronic inflammation and a complex etiology. It has long been recognized that chronic skin conditions and mental health disorders are often co-morbid. Thus, the concept of the gut–brain–skin axis emphasized in mental health disorders may also regulate the health of skin.

Results

The gut microbiota has been found to be the bridge between the immune system and nervous system. By leveraging clinical cases and animal models of psoriasis, an important communication pathway has been identified along the gut–brain–skin axis that is associated with the modulation of neurotransmitters from the microbiota. Furthermore, mammalian neurotransmitters, including dopamine, serotonin, or γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), can be produced and/or consumed by several types of bacteria. Other studies suggest that manipulating these neurotransmitters by bacteria may have an effect on host physiology, and the levels of neurotransmitter can be altered by microbiota-based interventions.

Conclusions

Nonetheless, it is unknown whether or not the manipulation of neurotransmitter levels by bacteria can affect the occurrence and development of psoriasis. Notably, preliminary experiments found that oral consumption of probiotics improves the clinical symptoms in patients with psoriasis, perhaps correlated with the gut microbiome-mediated crosstalk between the immune system and the nervous system by secreting neurotransmitters in psoriasis. In this review, the communication along the gut–brain–skin axis is discussed.

A Review of the Components of Seaweeds as Potential Candidates in Cancer Therapy

The marine natural products (MNPs) isolated from seaweeds-associated microbial communities have received substantial attention owing to their exceptional nutritional and pharmacology application, such as antiviral, anticancer, antiprotozoal, antifungal, and antibacterial properties and so on. Particularly, there are several MNPs that have been displayed attractive value for the development of novel anticancer agents. This review covers the literature published in the recent 5 years on the novel anticancer MNPs discovered originating from seaweeds, and focused on the chemistry and relative anticancer activities of new MNPs which categorize their source organisms. These seaweed-derived MNPs are categorized based on their origin as brown algae, red algae, cyanobacteria, chlorophyta and others.

[Comparison of ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block and erector spinae plane blockperioperatively in radical mastectomy]

Objective: To compare the perioperative effects of ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) and erector spinae plane block (ESPB) in radical mastectomy. Methods: One hundred and fifty patients,undergoing radical mastectomy from May 2016 to Jan 2019,the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, were randomly divided into SAPB group, ESPB group and control group. Patients in SAPB group and ESPB group were received corresponding blocks before induction of general anesthesia. The control group was only received routine general anesthesia without any block. Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) was performed in all the patients postoperatively. The VAS score at rest or coughing and Ramsay score at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 h after operation were compared among the three groups. The intraoperative dosages of propofol and remifentanil,press times and sufentanil cumulative dosage of PCIA in 48 hours after operation, postoperative rehabilitation indicators and adverse effects were all compared. Results: In all the three groups,the VAS scores at rest and coughing increased first and then decreased 2 h to 48 h after operation. The VAS scores in SAPB group and ESPB group were lower than that in control group (P<0.05), whereas, no significant difference was observed between SAPB group and ESPB group (P>0.05). For Ramsay score, among the three groups, there were no significances of the main effects of group and time point, as well as interaction effect (all P>0.05). The intraoperative dosages of propofol and remifentanil in SAPB group and ESPB group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05), the press times and sufentanil cumulative dosage of PCIA after operation were also lower than those in control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in feeding time after operation among the three groups (P>0.05). The times of first anal exhaust, ambulation and hospitalization after operation in ESPB group and SAPB group were significantly shorter than those in control group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between ESPB group and SAPB group in postoperative rehabilitation indicators mentioned above (P>0.05). The incidences of skin itching and nausea in ESPB and SAPB groups were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of vomiting among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: Both SAPB and ESPB can provide good and safe analgesia for radical mastectomy,with equivalent performances in analgesia and adverse effect.

Resveratrol-based cinnamic ester hybrids: synthesis, characterization, and anti-inflammatory activity

Twenty-three novel resveratrol-based cinnamic ester hybrids were designed and synthesized. All the compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity using RAW264.7 cells. Among them, compound D15 was found to be the most potent one in inhibiting NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The further study indicated that compound D15 could suppress expression of proteins iNOS, COX-2, p-p65, and p-IκB LPS-induced. Immunofluorescence further revealed compound D15 could reduce activation p65 in nuclei. All the results indicated that the anti-inflammatory activity of title compound may partly due to its inhibitory effect on the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Evaluation of the effects of standard rescue procedure on severe trauma treatment in china

Background:

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of standard rescue procedure (SRP) in improving severe trauma treatments in China.

Methods:

This study was conducted in 12 hospitals located in geographically and industrially different cities in China. A standard procedure on severe trauma rescue was established as a general rule for staff training and patient treatment. A regional network (system) efficiently integrating prehospital rescue, emergency room treatments, and hospital specialist treatments was built under the rule for information sharing and improving severe trauma treatments. Treatment outcomes were compared between before and 1 year after the implementation of the SRP.

Results:

The outcomes of a total of 74,615 and 12,051 trauma cases were collected from 12 hospitals before and after the implementation of the SRP. Implementation of the SRP led to efficient cooperation and information sharing of different treatment services. The emergency response time, prehospital transit time, emergency rescue time, consultation call time, and mortality rate of patients were 24.24 ± 4.32 min, 45.69 ± 3.89 min, 6.38 ± 1.05 min, 17.53 ± 0.72 min, and 33.82% ± 3.87% (n = 441), respectively, before the implementation of the standardization and significantly reduced to 10.11 ± 3.21 min, 22.39 ± 4.32 min, 3.26 ± 0.89 min, 3.45 ± 0.45 min, and 20.49% ± 3.11%, separately (n = 495, P < 0.05) after that.

Conclusions:

Staff training and SRP can significantly improve the efficiency of severe trauma treatments in China.

Prevalence of premature ejaculation and its correlation with chronic prostatitis in Chinese men

OBJECTIVES

Chronic pelvic pain syndrome is a common and serious health problem affecting the quality of life of men. We evaluated the prevalence of premature ejaculation (PE) in Chinese men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome and studied its correlation to chronic prostatitis.

METHODS

A total of 15,000 men (aged 15-60 years) were randomly recruited to take part in a survey to provide questionnaire-elicited information for sociodemographics, sexual function, National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index, and International Index of Erectile Function 5-item questionnaire. The eligible subjects of the present investigation were married with sexual activity.

RESULTS

Responses were collected from 12 743 men (84.95%). Of these men, 1071 (8.4%) reported having prostatitis-like symptoms. The incidence of chronic prostatitis was 4.5% (n = 571) for the entire group. Of the 7372 eligible men, the incidence of prostatitis-like symptoms, chronic prostatitis, and PE was 10.5% (n = 771), 5.0% (n = 370), and 15.3% (n = 1127), respectively. The group with PE had worse National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index scores (P < .05) and lower International Index of Erectile Function 5-item questionnaire scores (P < .05) than the patients without PE. Also, the percentage of prostatitis-like symptoms in the PE group was greater than that in the non-PE group (P < .05). The prevalence of PE was 64.1% and 36.9% in the prostatitis-like symptom and chronic prostatitis group, respectively, of the 7372 eligible men.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of our study showed a high prevalence of PE in patients with chronic prostatitis. An examination of the prostate, physically and microbiologically, should be considered during the assessment of patients with PE.

[Rapid determination of sugars in hemicellulose extraction liquor by dual-wavelength spectrophotometry]

The traditional Douglas colorimetric method (phloroglucinol - glacial acetic acid colorimetry) could only be used to measure all forms of five-carbon sugars, including mono-, oligo- and poly- saccharides. Relative improvement is done on this method to achieve simultaneous determination of pentosan, hexosan and their monosaccharides, by the dual-wavelength method. Results indicate that 425 nm is the equal molar absorption wavelength of pentose and hexose, while 553 nm is the maximum absorption wavelength of pentoses. So the calculating formula has been greatly simplified based on the absorbance at 425 and 553 nm. The research results of interfering substances in the extraction liquor show that the lignin and glucuronic acid has no significant influence on the determination of pentoses or hexoses. It is concluded that this improved method has high precision and accuracy, and its recovery range is from 97.4% to 101.9%. Therefore, as a simple and rapid method, it is quite appropriate for measuring mixed sugars of pentoses and hexoses in the extraction liquor from hardwood or gra minaceous plant.

The prevalence of prostatitis-like symptoms in China

PURPOSE

We studied the prevalence of prostatitis-like symptoms and identified their associated risk factors in a population based Chinese sample.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A volunteer group of 15,000 eligible men residing in Beijing, Anhui, Xi'an, Guangzhou and Gansu cities or provinces were invited randomly to take part in the survey to complete a questionnaire that elicited information regarding sociodemographics, Eysenck personality questionnaire, current stress and health ratings, lifestyle, medical history, expressed prostatic secretion evaluation, score of the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index and International Index of Erectile Function-5.

RESULTS

Information on 12,743 (84.95%) men was collected. Of these men 1,071 (8.4%) reported prostatitis-like symptoms (mean National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index pain score 7.55 +/- 3.22). The percent of chronic prostatitis was 4.5% (571) among the symptoms group according to past urological history and expressed prostatic secretion evaluation. Subjects with prostatitis-like symptoms (mean age 34.56 +/- 13.48 years) had higher mean pain and urinary symptoms scores (7.53 +/- 3.22 and 2.84 +/- 2.72, respectively) compared with subjects without prostatitis-like symptoms (1.18 +/- 2.32 and 0.72 +/- 1.66 for pain and urinary symptoms scores, respectively, mean age 30.7 +/- 10.17) (pain and symptoms scores, p <0.05). The quality of life score was 6.03 +/- 2.88 and 3.83 +/- 2.55 in groups with symptoms or nonsymptoms, respectively (p <0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Prostatitis-like symptoms are a multifactorial problem affecting men of all ages (15 to 60 years) and demographics, and the prevalence is high in China. The syndrome is closely related to alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, frequent intercourse, as well as fatigue, pressure and too little sleep. These findings suggest that risk factors for this condition are largely modifiable and highlight potential targets for future prevention.

Treatment of chronic prostatitis in Chinese men

The aim of this study is to assess the status of treatment of chronic prostatitis (CP) in Chinese men. A population-based cross-sectional survey was performed, in which 15 000 men aged between 15 and 60 years were randomly selected to receive a questionnaire designed to assess National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptoms Index (NIH-CPSI) status, therapeutic efficacy and 28 other items. A total of 12 743 men (84.95%) completed the questionnaire, of whom 1 071 (8.4%) were identified as having prostatitis-like symptoms and 517 (4.5%) were diagnosed with CP according to NIH-CPSI criteria and prostatitis-like symptomatology. Of the CP patients, 372 (65%) underwent long-term routine treatment 12 times per year. Additionally, 217 (72.8%) patients received antibiotic therapy and 215 (79.3%) men showed therapeutic effects. The treatment cost USD 1 151 (8 059 yuan) per person per year on average. Most CP patients received routine treatment, in most cases with antibiotics. Treatment was costly and most CP patients were not satisfied with its effectiveness. Antibacterial treatment might have been effective primarily in patients with bacterial disease.