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Wong SMY, Suen YN, Wong CWC, Chan SKW, Hui CLM, Chang WC, Lee EHM, Cheng CPW, Ho GCL, Lo GG, Leung EYL, Yeung PKMA, Chen S, Honer WG, Mak HKF, Sham PC, McKenna PJ, Pomarol-Clotet E, Veronese M, Howes OD, Chen EYH. Striatal dopamine synthesis capacity and its association with negative symptoms upon resolution of positive symptoms in first-episode schizophrenia and delusional disorder. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:2133-2141. [PMID: 35211769 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE How striatal dopamine synthesis capacity (DSC) contributes to the pathogenesis of negative symptoms in first-episode schizophrenia (SZ) and delusional disorder (DD) has seldom been explored. As negative symptoms during active psychotic episodes can be complicated by secondary influences, such as positive symptoms, longitudinal investigations may help to clarify the relationship between striatal DSC and negative symptoms and differentiate between primary and secondary negative symptoms. OBJECTIVE A longitudinal study was conducted to examine whether baseline striatal DSC would be related to negative symptoms at 3 months in first-episode SZ and DD patients. METHODS Twenty-three first-episode age- and gender-matched patients (11 DD and 12 SZ) were consecutively recruited through an early intervention service for psychosis in Hong Kong. Among them, 19 (82.6%) patients (9 DD and 10 SZ) were followed up at 3 months. All patients received an 18F-DOPA PET/MR scan at baseline. RESULTS Baseline striatal DSC (Kocc;30-60) was inversely associated with negative symptoms at 3 months in first-episode SZ patients (rs = - 0.80, p = 0.010). This association remained in SZ patients even when controlling for baseline negative, positive, and depressive symptoms, as well as cumulative antipsychotic dosage (β = - 0.69, p = 0.012). Such associations were not observed in first-episode DD patients. Meanwhile, the severity of negative symptoms at 3 months was associated with more positive symptoms in DD patients (rs = 0.74, p = 0.010) and not in SZ patients. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the role of striatal DSC in negative symptoms upon resolution of active psychotic episodes among first-episode SZ patients. Baseline striatal dopamine activity may inform future symptom expression with important treatment implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Y Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F New Clinical Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y N Suen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F New Clinical Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Charlotte W C Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F New Clinical Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sherry K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F New Clinical Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F New Clinical Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F New Clinical Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Edwin H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F New Clinical Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Calvin P W Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F New Clinical Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Garrett C L Ho
- Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gladys Goh Lo
- Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eric Y L Leung
- Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul K M Au Yeung
- Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sirong Chen
- Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - William G Honer
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Institute of Mental Health and Substance Use Services, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Henry K F Mak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - P C Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F New Clinical Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peter J McKenna
- FIDMAG Hermanas Hospitalarias Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mattia Veronese
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver D Howes
- Psychosis Studies Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.,MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F New Clinical Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China. .,The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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Chen YW, Shie MY, Chang WC, Shen YF. Approximate Optimization Study of Light Curing Waterborne Polyurethane Materials for the Construction of 3D Printed Cytocompatible Cartilage Scaffolds. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14226804. [PMID: 34832205 PMCID: PMC8626041 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage, which is a white transparent tissue with 1–2 mm thickness, is located in the interface between the two hard bones. The main functions of articular cartilage are stress transmission, absorption, and friction reduction. The cartilage cannot be repaired and regenerated once it has been damaged, and it needs to be replaced by artificial joints. Many approaches, such as artificial joint replacement, hyaluronic acid injection, microfracture surgery and cartilage tissue engineering have been applied in clinical treatment. Basically, some of these approaches are foreign material implantation for joint replacement to reach the goal of pain reduction and mechanism support. This study demonstrated another frontier in the research of cartilage reconstruction by applying regeneration medicine additive manufacturing (3D Printing) and stem cell technology. Light curing materials have been modified and tested to be printable and cytocompatible for stem cells in this research. Design of experiments (DOE) is adapted in this investigation to search for the optimal manufacturing parameter for biocompatible scaffold fabrication and stem cell attachment and growth. Based on the results, an optimal working process of biocompatible and printable scaffolds for cartilage regeneration is reported. We expect this study will facilitate the development of cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Chen
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (M.-Y.S.); (W.-C.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
| | - Ming-You Shie
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (M.-Y.S.); (W.-C.C.)
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Chang
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (M.-Y.S.); (W.-C.C.)
| | - Yu-Fang Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan
- High Performance Materials Institute for xD Printing, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Wong SMY, Hui CLM, Wong CSM, Suen YN, Chan SKW, Lee EHM, Chang WC, Chen EYH. Mental Health Risks after Repeated Exposure to Multiple Stressful Events during Ongoing Social Unrest and Pandemic in Hong Kong: The Role of Rumination: Risques pour la santé mentale après une exposition répétée à de multiples événements stressants d'agitation sociale durable et de pandémie à Hong Kong: le rôle de la rumination. Can J Psychiatry 2021; 66:577-585. [PMID: 33317325 PMCID: PMC8138734 DOI: 10.1177/0706743720979920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The co-occurrence of different classes of population-level stressors, such as social unrest and public health crises, is common in contemporary societies. Yet, few studies explored their combined mental health impact. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of repeated exposure to social unrest-related traumatic events (TEs), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-related events (PEs), and stressful life events (SLEs) on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive symptoms, and the potential mediating role of event-based rumination (rumination of TEs-related anger, injustice, guilt, and insecurity) between TEs and PTSD symptoms. METHODS Community members in Hong Kong who had utilized a screening tool for PTSD and depressive symptoms were invited to complete a survey on exposure to stressful events and event-based rumination. RESULTS A total of 10,110 individuals completed the survey. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that rumination, TEs, and SLEs were among the significant predictors for PTSD symptoms (all P < 0.001), accounting for 32% of the variance. For depression, rumination, SLEs, and PEs were among the significant predictors (all P < 0.001), explaining 24.9% of the variance. Two-way analysis of variance of different recent and prior TEs showed significant dose-effect relationships. The effect of recent TEs on PTSD symptoms was potentiated by prior TEs (P = 0.005). COVID-19 PEs and prior TEs additively contributed to PTSD symptoms, with no significant interaction (P = 0.94). Meanwhile, recent TEs were also potentiated by SLEs (P = 0.002). The effects of TEs on PTSD symptoms were mediated by rumination (β = 0.38, standard error = 0.01, 95% confidence interval: 0.36 to 0.41), with 40.4% of the total effect explained. All 4 rumination subtypes were significant mediators. CONCLUSIONS Prior and ongoing TEs, PEs, and SLEs cumulatively exacerbated PTSD and depressive symptoms. The role of event-based rumination and their interventions should be prioritized for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Y Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, 25809University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, 25809University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Corine S M Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, 25809University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y N Suen
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, 25809University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sherry K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, 25809University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 25809University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Edwin H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, 25809University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, 25809University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 25809University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, 25809University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 25809University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Wong SMY, Hui CLM, Wong CSM, Suen YN, Chan SKW, Lee EHM, Chang WC, Chen EYH. Prospective prediction of PTSD and depressive symptoms during social unrest and COVID-19 using a brief online tool. Psychiatry Res 2021; 298:113773. [PMID: 33545423 PMCID: PMC9754713 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale protracted population stressors, such as social unrest and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are associated with increased symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Cost-effective mental health screening is prerequisite for timely intervention. We developed an online tool to identify prospective predictors of PTSD and depressive symptoms in the context of co-occurring social unrest and COVID-19 in Hong Kong. 150 participants completed baseline and follow-up assessments, with a median duration of 29 days. Three logistic regression models were constructed to assess its discriminative power in predicting PTSD and depressive symptoms at one month. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis was performed for each model to determine their optimal decision thresholds. Sensitivity and specificity of the models were 87.1% and 53.8% for probable PTSD, 77.5% and 63.3% for high-risk depressive symptoms, and 44.7% and 96.4% for no significant depressive symptoms. The models performed well in discriminating outcomes (AUCs range: 0.769-0.811). Probable PTSD was predicted by social unrest-related traumatic events, high rumination, and low resilience. Rumination and resilience also predicted high-risk and no significant depressive symptoms, with COVID-19-related events also predicting no significant depression risk. Accessible screening of probable mental health outcomes with good predictive capability may be important for early intervention opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie MY Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Christy LM Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Corine SM Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - YN Suen
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sherry KW Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Edwin HM Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - WC Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eric YH Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,Corresponding author at: Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, 2/F New Clinical Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
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Wong SMY, Hui CLM, Wong CSM, Suen YN, Chan SKW, Lee EHM, Chang WC, Wong GHY, Chen EYH. Induced ideas of reference during social unrest and pandemic in Hong Kong. Schizophr Res 2021; 229:46-52. [PMID: 33618286 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ideas of reference (IOR) are often implicated in predicting psychosis onset. They have been conceptualized to present on a continuum, from oversensitive psychological reactions to delusional thoughts. It is however unknown to what extent IOR may be triggered by collective environmental stress. We obtained timely data from 9873 individuals to assess IOR in relation to trauma exposure in the 2019-2020 social unrest in Hong Kong. Two levels of IOR are distinguished: attenuated IOR (IOR-A), being the experience of feeling particularly referred to within a group; and exclusive IOR (IOR-E), the experience of feeling exclusively referred to while others are not. Logistic regressions showed that event-based rumination was a shared predictor for IOR-A (OR = 1.07, CI = 1.03-1.10) and IOR-E (OR = 1.09, CI = 1.02-1.17). For IOR-A, three categories of social unrest-related traumatic events (TEs) were significant predictors, including being attacked or having experienced sexual violence (OR = 4.14, CI = 1.93-8.85), being arrested (OR = 4.48, CI = 1.99-10.10), and being verbally abused (OR = 2.66, CI = 1.28-5.53). Being arrested was significant for IOR-E (OR = 3.87, CI = 1.03-14.52), though not when rumination was included. Education level also significantly predicted IOR-E (OR = 0.72, CI = 0.52-0.99). Further analysis revealed that rumination significantly mediated between TEs and IOR severity (β = 0.26, SE = 0.01, CI = 0.24-0.28). The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that IOR-A and IOR-E occur as levels on a continuum, but each has some distinctive correlates. Extrinsic events may play a more prominent role in IOR-A, while intrinsic factors, such as cognitive capacity, may play a more prominent role in IOR-E. The involvement of rumination across the IOR spectrum suggests an opportunity for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Y Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Corine S M Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y N Suen
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sherry K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Edwin H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gloria H Y Wong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Chang WC, Westbrook A, Strauss GP, Chu AOK, Chong CSY, Siu CMW, Chan SKW, Lee EHM, Hui CLM, Suen YM, Lo TL, Chen EYH. Abnormal cognitive effort allocation and its association with amotivation in first-episode psychosis. Psychol Med 2020; 50:2599-2609. [PMID: 31576787 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719002769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal effort-based decision-making represents a potential mechanism underlying motivational deficits (amotivation) in psychotic disorders. Previous research identified effort allocation impairment in chronic schizophrenia and focused mostly on physical effort modality. No study has investigated cognitive effort allocation in first-episode psychosis (FEP). METHOD Cognitive effort allocation was examined in 40 FEP patients and 44 demographically-matched healthy controls, using Cognitive Effort-Discounting (COGED) paradigm which quantified participants' willingness to expend cognitive effort in terms of explicit, continuous discounting of monetary rewards based on parametrically-varied cognitive demands (levels N of N-back task). Relationship between reward-discounting and amotivation was investigated. Group differences in reward-magnitude and effort-cost sensitivity, and differential associations of these sensitivity indices with amotivation were explored. RESULTS Patients displayed significantly greater reward-discounting than controls. In particular, such discounting was most pronounced in patients with high levels of amotivation even when N-back performance and reward base amount were taken into consideration. Moreover, patients exhibited reduced reward-benefit sensitivity and effort-cost sensitivity relative to controls, and that decreased sensitivity to reward-benefit but not effort-cost was correlated with diminished motivation. Reward-discounting and sensitivity indices were generally unrelated to other symptom dimensions, antipsychotic dose and cognitive deficits. CONCLUSION This study provides the first evidence of cognitive effort-based decision-making impairment in FEP, and indicates that decreased effort expenditure is associated with amotivation. Our findings further suggest that abnormal effort allocation and amotivation might primarily be related to blunted reward valuation. Prospective research is required to clarify the utility of effort-based measures in predicting amotivation and functional outcome in FEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - A Westbrook
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6525 EN, The Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistics, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI02906, USA
| | - G P Strauss
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
| | - A O K Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - C S Y Chong
- Department of Psychiatry, Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C M W Siu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - E H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - C L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Y M Suen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - T L Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Hui CLM, Lam BST, Lee EHM, Chan SKW, Chang WC, Suen YN, Chen EYH. Perspective on medication decisions following remission from first-episode psychosis. Schizophr Res 2020; 225:82-89. [PMID: 32115314 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
While antipsychotics (APs) could provide rapid relief of positive symptoms in psychotic disorders, their usage is often associated with side effects, stigma and inconveniences. For these and other reasons, many psychosis patients, particularly those of first-episode psychosis (FEP) in remission, wish to discontinue maintenance treatment. The current review aims to discuss the strategies of AP treatment following remission from FEP, with particular emphasis on the evaluation of outcomes following AP discontinuation. Upon review of relevant literature, three potential strategies are put forth for treatment-responsive, remitted FEP patients: a) life-long maintenance treatment, b) AP discontinuation during second year of treatment, or c) AP discontinuation after three years of treatment. In theory, the first strategy presents the safest option for maximal symptom control. However, a rigorous RCT indicates that if AP discontinuation is to be attempted, the third strategy best prevents poor long-term clinical outcomes. Further data is needed to address the costs and benefits of each treatment strategy, compare AP-free patients with those on different types of APs, as well as explore even longer-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Bertha S T Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Edwin H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sherry K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y N Suen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Lee CH, Chang WC, Anbalagan AK. Anomalous X-ray scattering study on oxidized TbxDy1-xFe2-y thin films: Influence of thermal annealing on the oxide composition. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chang WC, Wong CSM, Or PCF, Chu AOK, Hui CLM, Chan SKW, Lee EMH, Suen YN, Chen EYH. Inter-relationships among psychopathology, premorbid adjustment, cognition and psychosocial functioning in first-episode psychosis: a network analysis approach. Psychol Med 2020; 50:2019-2027. [PMID: 31451127 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719002113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Better understanding of interplay among symptoms, cognition and functioning in first-episode psychosis (FEP) is crucial to promoting functional recovery. Network analysis is a promising data-driven approach to elucidating complex interactions among psychopathological variables in psychosis, but has not been applied in FEP. METHOD This study employed network analysis to examine inter-relationships among a wide array of variables encompassing psychopathology, premorbid and onset characteristics, cognition, subjective quality-of-life and psychosocial functioning in 323 adult FEP patients in Hong Kong. Graphical Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) combined with extended Bayesian information criterion (BIC) model selection was used for network construction. Importance of individual nodes in a generated network was quantified by centrality analyses. RESULTS Our results showed that amotivation played the most central role and had the strongest associations with other variables in the network, as indexed by node strength. Amotivation and diminished expression displayed differential relationships with other nodes, supporting the validity of two-factor negative symptom structure. Psychosocial functioning was most strongly connected with amotivation and was weakly linked to several other variables. Within cognitive domain, digit span demonstrated the highest centrality and was connected with most of the other cognitive variables. Exploratory analysis revealed no significant gender differences in network structure and global strength. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the pivotal role of amotivation in psychopathology network of FEP and indicate its critical association with psychosocial functioning. Further research is required to verify the clinical significance of diminished motivation on functional outcome in the early course of psychotic illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C S M Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - P C F Or
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - A O K Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - E M H Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y N Suen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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10
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Tomida N, Muramatsu N, Niiyama M, Ahn JK, Chang WC, Chen JY, Chu ML, Daté S, Gogami T, Goto H, Hamano H, Hashimoto T, He QH, Hicks K, Hiraiwa T, Honda Y, Hotta T, Ikuno H, Inoue Y, Ishikawa T, Jaegle I, Jo JM, Kasamatsu Y, Katsuragawa H, Kido S, Kon Y, Maruyama T, Masumoto S, Matsumura Y, Miyabe M, Mizutani K, Nagahiro H, Nakamura T, Nakano T, Nam T, Ngan TNT, Nozawa Y, Ohashi Y, Ohnishi H, Ohta T, Ozawa K, Rangacharyulu C, Ryu SY, Sada Y, Sasagawa M, Shibukawa T, Shimizu H, Shirai R, Shiraishi K, Strokovsky EA, Sugaya Y, Sumihama M, Suzuki S, Tanaka S, Tokiyasu A, Tsuchikawa Y, Ueda T, Yamazaki H, Yamazaki R, Yanai Y, Yorita T, Yoshida C, Yosoi M. Search for η^{'} Bound Nuclei in the ^{12}C(γ,p) Reaction with Simultaneous Detection of Decay Products. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:202501. [PMID: 32501086 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.202501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We measured missing mass spectrum of the ^{12}C(γ,p) reaction for the first time in coincidence with potential decay products from η^{'} bound nuclei. We tagged an (η+p) pair associated with the η^{'}N→ηN process in a nucleus. After applying kinematical selections to reduce backgrounds, no signal events were observed in the bound-state region. An upper limit of the signal cross section in the opening angle cosθ_{lab}^{ηp}<-0.9 was obtained to be 2.2 nb/sr at the 90% confidence level. It is compared with theoretical cross sections, whose normalization ambiguity is suppressed by measuring a quasifree η^{'} production rate. Our results indicate a small branching fraction of the η^{'}N→ηN process and/or a shallow η^{'}-nucleus potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tomida
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - N Muramatsu
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - M Niiyama
- Department of Physics, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - J K Ahn
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - W C Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - J Y Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - M L Chu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S Daté
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (SPring-8), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - T Gogami
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - H Goto
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H Hamano
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Hashimoto
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Q H He
- Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering, College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - K Hicks
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - T Hiraiwa
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Y Honda
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - T Hotta
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H Ikuno
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Y Inoue
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - T Ishikawa
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - I Jaegle
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J M Jo
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Kasamatsu
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H Katsuragawa
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - S Kido
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - Y Kon
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Institute for Radiation Sciences, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Maruyama
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-8510, Japan
| | - S Masumoto
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Y Matsumura
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - M Miyabe
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - K Mizutani
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Nagahiro
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Department of Physics, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Department of Education, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - T Nakano
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Nam
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T N T Ngan
- Nuclear Physics Department, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 72711, Vietnam
| | - Y Nozawa
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Y Ohashi
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H Ohnishi
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - T Ohta
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - K Ozawa
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - C Rangacharyulu
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - S Y Ryu
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Y Sada
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - M Sasagawa
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - T Shibukawa
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H Shimizu
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - R Shirai
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - K Shiraishi
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - E A Strokovsky
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Laboratory of High Energy Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region 142281, Russia
| | - Y Sugaya
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - M Sumihama
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Department of Education, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - S Suzuki
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (SPring-8), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - S Tanaka
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - A Tokiyasu
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - Y Tsuchikawa
- J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - T Ueda
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - H Yamazaki
- Radiation Science Center, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - R Yamazaki
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - Y Yanai
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Yorita
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - C Yoshida
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - M Yosoi
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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11
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Abstract
Objective: To obtain biomarkers of allergic rhinitis (AR) by performing bioinformatics analysis on gene chips related to allergic rhinitis in the Gene Expression Database (GEO). Methods: From June 2018 to December 2019, we downloaded data (GSE46171) involving 3 control individuals and 6 AR patients from the publicallyavailable Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo), and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between AR and normal tissues by using the GEO2R online tool comprehensively. Then, we used the bioinformatics methods, including Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene, Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction to identify key genes in AR. In the same period, the inferior turbinate mucosa tissues of 15 AR patients and 15 healthy controls were collected during operationinthe Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of the People 's Hospital of Wuhan Universityto further verify important genes and pathways and perform real-time quantitative PCR.SPSS9.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Two hundred and seventeen DEGs genes were selected, of which 112 were down-regulated genes and 105 were up-regulated genes. Among them, the five up-regulated genes with the most significant differences were KLK7, TMPRSS11A, SPRR2C, TPSAB1, and TXLNGY; the five down-regulated genes with the most significant differences were: XIST, CTAG1A, PRB1, CXCL11 and PRB2. By constructing a PPI network among 217 DEGs, the 15 hub genes obtained were IFIH1, CCR2, CD80, TLR7, EIF1AY, DDX3Y, RSAD2, RPS4Y2, RPS4Y1, XAF1, KDM5D, ZFY, NLGN4Y, IFIT5 and DDX60L, these Genes were at a hub in a gene network. We collected inferior turbinate mucosa tissue during surgery,and these 15 genes were verified, and the expressions of IFIH1, CCR2, CD80, TLR7, RSAD2, XAF1, IFIT5 and DDX60L were reduced, wherea the expressions of EIF1AY, DDX3Y, RPS4Y2, RPS4Y1, KDM5D, ZFY and NLGN4Y were increased, differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions: The study finds 217 genes closely related to allergic rhinitis and obtains 15 hub genes through the PPI network. These genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and are expected to become new biomarkers for allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Research Institute of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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12
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Lao KSJ, Wong AYS, Wong ICK, Besag FMC, Chang WC, Lee EHM, Chen EYH, Blais JE, Chan EW. Mortality Risk Associated with Haloperidol Use Compared with Other Antipsychotics: An 11-Year Population-Based Propensity-Score-Matched Cohort Study. CNS Drugs 2020; 34:197-206. [PMID: 31916101 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-019-00693-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haloperidol remains a frequently prescribed first-generation antipsychotic. However, haloperidol-associated mortality risk by all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and pneumonia compared with other antipsychotics is unknown. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the mortality risk associated with long-term haloperidol treatment versus that with other antipsychotics. METHODS We identified incident antipsychotic users from 2004 to 2014 in the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS), a population-based clinical database managed by the Hong Kong Hospital Authority. We included patients who were aged ≥ 18 and received antipsychotics for any indication apart from terminal illnesses or management of acute behavioural disturbance. Patients on haloperidol and other antipsychotic agents (risperidone, quetiapine, olanzapine, chlorpromazine, aripiprazole, sulpiride, amisulpride, or trifluoperazine) were matched by propensity score. Hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality and death due to CVD and pneumonia were estimated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS In total, 136,593 users of antipsychotics were included. During a mean follow-up of 3.2 years, the incidence of all-cause mortality ranged from 186.8/1000 person-years for haloperidol to 10.4/1000 person-years for trifluoperazine. The risk of all-cause mortality was lower with non-haloperidol antipsychotics than with haloperidol, with HRs ranging from 0.68 (95% CI 0.64-0.72 [chlorpromazine]) to 0.43 (95% CI 0.36-0.53 [trifluoperazine]). Risperidone, quetiapine, sulpiride, chlorpromazine, aripiprazole, and trifluoperazine were associated with a significantly lower risk of pneumonia-related mortality. A significantly lower risk of CVD mortality was observed for risperidone, sulpiride, chlorpromazine, and quetiapine. CONCLUSION Haloperidol was associated with increased overall mortality when compared with other antipsychotics in long-term follow-up. Treatment with haloperidol should be carefully considered, especially in older patients and patients at risk of CVD or pneumonia, since the risk of death appears to be lower with non-haloperidol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim S J Lao
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Office 02-08, 2/F Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Global Medical Affairs, Merck Research Laboratories, MSD, Shanghai, China
| | - Angel Y S Wong
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ian C K Wong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Office 02-08, 2/F Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Frank M C Besag
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK.,East London NHS Foundation Trust, Bedfordshire, UK.,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Edwin H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joseph E Blais
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Office 02-08, 2/F Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Esther W Chan
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Office 02-08, 2/F Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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13
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Liu CW, Chang WC, Pan RH. P282 Elevated serum uric acid associated with both electrocardiographic and echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy independent of blood pressure in healthy individuals. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehz872.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
TSGH 108-11
Background
Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is associated with cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. A growing body of evidence showed the positive correlation between hyperuricemia (HUA) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), but most studies defined LVH by a single method such as electrocardiogram or echocardiogram; the former is generally used in massive screen but the latter take advantage of the accuracy of LVH.
Purpose
We conducted this study to concomitantly investigate the association between SUA and electrocardiographic and echocardiographic LVH.
Methods
We initially enrolled 17,913 healthy individuals, who routinely underwent an annual health exam at our hospital between 2016/1/1∼2016/12/31. Of them, 347 individuals received transthoracic echocardiography because of abnormal results in their electrocardiogram. Amplitudes of 12-lead electrocardiogram were artificially measured by a study assistant under the supervision and by artificial intelligence. HUA is defined as an SUA level of ≥7 mg/dl in men and ≥6 mg/dl in women. Electrocardiographic LVH is defined by the criteria of Cornel voltage and product and Sokolow-Lyon and the Minnesota Code ECG classification. Echocardiographic LVH is defined by LV mass index ≥115g/m² in men or ≥95g/m² in women.
Results
The HUA group (n = 233) vs. normouricemic group (n = 114) was older and predominant male with greater values of body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and laboratory biomarkers, including non-high density total cholesterol, fasting glucose impairment, creatinine clearance, and haemoglobin. The two groups had comparable lifestyle choices, including tobacco use, alcohol intake, and physical activities per week. The HUA group compared with the normouricemic group had greater values of S amplitude of V1 plus R amplitude of V5 (3031 ± 2055 uV vs. 2566 ± 1021 uV, P = 0.005), R amplitude in lead I plus S amplitude in lead III (842 ± 443 uV vs. 696 ± 386 uV, P = 0.002) and LV mass index (95 ± 23 g/m² vs. 85 ± 30 g/m², P = 0.001). The prevalence of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic LVH was greater in the HUA group than the normouricemic group (7.0% vs. 2.1%, P = 0.034 for electrocardiographic LVH and 15.8% vs. 7.7%, P = 0.025 for echocardiographic LVH). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, elevated SUA was associated with LVH after the confounders were fully adjusted (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.07-1.77, P = 0.012 for electrocardiographic LVH and OR: 1.58, 95% CI 1.15-2.17, P = 0.004 for echocardiographic LVH).
Conclusion
Elevated SUA is independently associated with the prevalence of both electrocardiographic and echocardiographic LVH in healthy individuals from Taiwan. Future studies might evaluate urate-lowering effects on the regression of LVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Liu
- Tri-service General Hospital, Songshan branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W C Chang
- Tri-service General Hospital, Songshan branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - R H Pan
- National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Hui CL, Honer WG, Lee EH, Chang WC, Chan SK, Chen ES, Pang EP, Lui SS, Chung DW, Yeung WS, Ng RM, Lo WT, Jones PB, Sham P, Chen EY. Predicting first-episode psychosis patients who will never relapse over 10 years. Psychol Med 2019; 49:2206-2214. [PMID: 30375301 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718003070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although relapse in psychosis is common, a small proportion of patients will not relapse in the long term. We examined the proportion and predictors of patients who never relapsed in the 10 years following complete resolution of positive symptoms from their first psychotic episode. METHOD Patients who previously enrolled in a 12-month randomized controlled trial on medication discontinuation and relapse following first-episode psychosis (FEP) were followed up after 10 years. Relapse of positive symptoms was operationalized as a change from a Clinical Global Impression scale positive score of <3 for at least 3 consecutive months to a score of ⩾3 (mild or more severe). Baseline predictors included basic demographics, premorbid functioning, symptoms, functioning, and neurocognitive functioning. RESULTS Out of 178 first-episode patients, 37 (21%) never relapsed during the 10-year period. Univariate predictors (p ⩽ 0.1) of patients who never relapsed included a duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) ⩽30 days, diagnosed with non-schizophrenia spectrum disorders, having less severe negative symptoms, and performing better in logical memory immediate recall and verbal fluency tests. A multivariate logistic regression analysis further suggested that the absence of any relapsing episodes was significantly related to better short-term verbal memory, shorter DUP, and non-schizophrenia spectrum disorders. CONCLUSIONS Treatment delay and neurocognitive function are potentially modifiable predictors of good long-term prognosis in FEP. These predictors are informative as they can be incorporated into an optimum risk prediction model in the future, which would help with clinical decision making regarding maintenance treatment in FEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy Lm Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - William G Honer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Edwin Hm Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sherry Kw Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Emily Sm Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Edwin Pf Pang
- Department of Psychiatry, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Simon Sy Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | - W S Yeung
- Department of Psychiatry, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Roger Mk Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, Kowloon Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - William Tl Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Peter B Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - Pak Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Yh Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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15
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Akimoto R, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Alfred M, Al-Jamel A, Al-Ta'ani H, Angerami A, Aoki K, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Aramaki Y, Armendariz R, Aronson SH, Asai J, Asano H, Aschenauer EC, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bagoly A, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Baldisseri A, Bannier B, Barish KN, Barnes PD, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Batsouli S, Baublis V, Bauer F, Baumann C, Baumgart S, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bhom JH, Bickley AA, Bjorndal MT, Blau DS, Boer M, Boissevain JG, Bok JS, Borel H, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Brown DS, Bryslawskyj J, Bucher D, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Burward-Hoy JM, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Canoa Roman V, Caringi A, Castera P, Chai JS, Chang BS, Chang WC, Charvet JL, Chen CH, Chernichenko S, Chi CY, Chiba J, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Choi S, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Churyn A, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cleven CR, Cobigo Y, Cole BA, Comets MP, Conesa Del Valle Z, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Danley TW, Das K, Datta A, Daugherity MS, David G, Dayananda MK, Deaton MB, Dehmelt K, Delagrange H, Denisov A, d'Enterria D, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dharmawardane KV, Dietzsch O, Ding L, Dion A, Do JH, Donadelli M, D'Orazio L, Drachenberg JL, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Dubey AK, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Dzhordzhadze V, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Egdemir J, Ellinghaus F, Emam WS, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Espagnon B, Esumi S, Eyser KO, Fadem B, Fan W, Feege N, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Forestier B, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fung SY, Fusayasu T, Gadrat S, Gainey K, Gal C, Gallus P, Garg P, Garishvili A, Garishvili I, Gastineau F, Ge H, Germain M, Glenn A, Gong H, Gong X, Gonin M, Gosset J, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grim G, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Guo L, Gustafsson HÅ, Hachiya T, Hadj Henni A, Haegemann C, Haggerty JS, Hagiwara MN, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Han R, Hanks J, Harada H, Hartouni EP, Haruna K, Harvey M, Hasegawa S, Haseler TOS, Hashimoto K, Haslum E, Hasuko K, Hayano R, He X, Heffner M, Hemmick TK, Hester T, Heuser JM, Hiejima H, Hill JC, Hill K, Hobbs R, Hodges A, Hohlmann M, Hollis RS, Holmes M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hori Y, Hornback D, Hotvedt N, Huang J, Huang S, Hur MG, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Iinuma H, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imrek J, Inaba M, Inoue Y, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Isenhower L, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanishchev D, Iwanaga Y, Jacak BV, Javani M, Ji Z, Jia J, Jiang X, Jin J, Jinnouchi O, Johnson BM, Jones T, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kaneta M, Kaneti S, Kang BH, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kanou H, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kasai M, Kawagishi T, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kelly S, Kempel T, Khachatryan V, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kikuchi J, Kim A, Kim BI, Kim C, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim E, Kim EJ, Kim HJ, Kim KB, Kim M, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kim YK, Kim YS, Kincses D, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss Á, Kistenev E, Kiyomichi A, Klatsky J, Klay J, Klein-Boesing C, Kleinjan D, Kline P, Kochenda L, Kochetkov V, Komatsu Y, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kotov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Krizek F, Kroon PJ, Kubart J, Kunde GJ, Kurgyis B, Kurihara N, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kweon MJ, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Layton D, Lebedev A, Le Bornec Y, Leckey S, Lee B, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee KB, Lee KS, Lee MK, Lee SH, Lee SR, Lee T, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitgab M, Lenzi B, Leung YH, Lewis B, Lewis NA, Li X, Li X, Li XH, Lichtenwalner P, Liebing P, Lim H, Lim SH, Linden Levy LA, Liška T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Lökös S, Love B, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Majoros T, Makdisi YI, Makek M, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manion A, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Mašek L, Masui H, Masumoto S, Matathias F, McCain MC, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Means N, Mendoza M, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mibe T, Mignerey AC, Mihalik DE, Mikeš P, Miki K, Miller TE, Milov A, Mioduszewski S, Mishra DK, Mishra GC, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mitrovski M, Mitsuka G, Miyachi Y, Miyasaka S, Mohanty AK, Mohapatra S, Moon HJ, Moon T, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Morrow SI, Moss JM, Motschwiller S, Moukhanova TV, Mukhopadhyay D, Murakami T, Murata J, Mwai A, Nagae T, Nagamiya S, Nagashima K, Nagata Y, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura KR, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Nam S, Nattrass C, Nederlof A, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nihashi M, Niida T, Norman BE, Nouicer R, Novák T, Novitzky N, Nyanin AS, Nystrand J, Oakley C, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Ohnishi H, Ojha ID, Oka M, Okada K, Omiwade OO, Onuki Y, Orjuela Koop JD, Osborn JD, Oskarsson A, Otterlund I, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pal D, Palounek APT, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park BH, Park IH, Park J, Park S, 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J, Yokkaichi S, Yoo JH, You Z, Young GR, Younus I, Yu H, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zaudtke O, Zelenski A, Zhang C, Zharko S, Zhou S, Zimamyi J, Zolin L, Zou L. Beam Energy and Centrality Dependence of Direct-Photon Emission from Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:022301. [PMID: 31386493 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.022301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The PHENIX collaboration presents first measurements of low-momentum (0.4<p_{T}<3 GeV/c) direct-photon yields from Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=39 and 62.4 GeV. For both beam energies the direct-photon yields are substantially enhanced with respect to expectations from prompt processes, similar to the yields observed in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200. Analyzing the photon yield as a function of the experimental observable dN_{ch}/dη reveals that the low-momentum (>1 GeV/c) direct-photon yield dN_{γ}^{dir}/dη is a smooth function of dN_{ch}/dη and can be well described as proportional to (dN_{ch}/dη)^{α} with α≈1.25. This scaling behavior holds for a wide range of beam energies at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider, for centrality selected samples, as well as for different A+A collision systems. At a given beam energy, the scaling also holds for high p_{T} (>5 GeV/c), but when results from different collision energies are compared, an additional sqrt[s_{NN}]-dependent multiplicative factor is needed to describe the integrated-direct-photon yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S Afanasiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - C Aidala
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - N N Ajitanand
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Y Akiba
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Akimoto
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H Al-Bataineh
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - J Alexander
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - M Alfred
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - A Al-Jamel
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - H Al-Ta'ani
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - A Angerami
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - K Aoki
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - N Apadula
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - L Aphecetche
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes), BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - Y Aramaki
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R Armendariz
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - S H Aronson
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Asai
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - H Asano
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - E T Atomssa
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - R Averbeck
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T C Awes
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B Azmoun
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V Babintsev
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - A Bagoly
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - M Bai
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - G Baksay
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - L Baksay
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - A Baldisseri
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B Bannier
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K N Barish
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - P D Barnes
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Bassalleck
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A T Basye
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - S Bathe
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Batsouli
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - V Baublis
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - F Bauer
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - C Baumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - S Baumgart
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Bazilevsky
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Belikov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - R Belmont
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - R Bennett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Berdnikov
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Y Berdnikov
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - J H Bhom
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - A A Bickley
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M T Bjorndal
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - D S Blau
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - M Boer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J G Boissevain
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J S Bok
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - H Borel
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Boyle
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M L Brooks
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D S Brown
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - J Bryslawskyj
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D Bucher
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - H Buesching
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V Bumazhnov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Bunce
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J M Burward-Hoy
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Butsyk
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C M Camacho
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Campbell
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - V Canoa Roman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Caringi
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - P Castera
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J-S Chai
- KAERI, Cyclotron Application Laboratory, Seoul 34057, Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - B S Chang
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - W C Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - J-L Charvet
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C-H Chen
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S Chernichenko
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - C Y Chi
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - J Chiba
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Chiu
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - I J Choi
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - J B Choi
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - R K Choudhury
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - P Christiansen
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - T Chujo
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - P Chung
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - A Churyn
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - O Chvala
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - V Cianciolo
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Z Citron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - C R Cleven
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Y Cobigo
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B A Cole
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - M P Comets
- IPN-Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - Z Conesa Del Valle
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Connors
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P Constantin
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - T Csörgő
- Eszterházy Károly University, Károly Róbert Campus, H-3200 Gyöngyös, Mátrai út 36, Hungary
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Dahms
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S Dairaku
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - I Danchev
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - T W Danley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - K Das
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A Datta
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | | | - G David
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M K Dayananda
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M B Deaton
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - K Dehmelt
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - H Delagrange
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes), BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - A Denisov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - D d'Enterria
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Deshpande
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - E J Desmond
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | | | - O Dietzsch
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - L Ding
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A Dion
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J H Do
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - M Donadelli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - L D'Orazio
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | - O Drapier
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Drees
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K A Drees
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A K Dubey
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - J M Durham
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Durum
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - D Dutta
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - V Dzhordzhadze
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Edwards
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Y V Efremenko
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J Egdemir
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - F Ellinghaus
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - W S Emam
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - T Engelmore
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - A Enokizono
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - H En'yo
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - B Espagnon
- IPN-Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - S Esumi
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K O Eyser
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - B Fadem
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - W Fan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - N Feege
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - D E Fields
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Finger
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M Finger
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - F Fleuret
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - S L Fokin
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - B Forestier
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - Z Fraenkel
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - J E Frantz
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Franz
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A D Frawley
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - K Fujiwara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Fukao
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S-Y Fung
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - T Fusayasu
- Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan
| | - S Gadrat
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - K Gainey
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - C Gal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P Gallus
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - P Garg
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Garishvili
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - I Garishvili
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - F Gastineau
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes), BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - H Ge
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Germain
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes), BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - A Glenn
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - H Gong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - X Gong
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - M Gonin
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - J Gosset
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y Goto
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Granier de Cassagnac
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - N Grau
- Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S V Greene
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - G Grim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Grosse Perdekamp
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Gunji
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - L Guo
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - H-Å Gustafsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - T Hachiya
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Nara Women's University, Kita-uoya Nishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A Hadj Henni
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes), BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - C Haegemann
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - J S Haggerty
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M N Hagiwara
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - K I Hahn
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - H Hamagaki
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - J Hamblen
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - R Han
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - J Hanks
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - H Harada
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - E P Hartouni
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - K Haruna
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - M Harvey
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Hasegawa
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - T O S Haseler
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - K Hashimoto
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - E Haslum
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - K Hasuko
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R Hayano
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - X He
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Heffner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - T K Hemmick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Hester
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J M Heuser
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Hiejima
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J C Hill
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - K Hill
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - R Hobbs
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A Hodges
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Hohlmann
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - R S Hollis
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - M Holmes
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - W Holzmann
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - K Homma
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - B Hong
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - T Horaguchi
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Hori
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - D Hornback
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - N Hotvedt
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Huang
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Huang
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - M G Hur
- KAERI, Cyclotron Application Laboratory, Seoul 34057, Korea
| | - T Ichihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Ichimiya
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Iinuma
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Ikeda
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Imai
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Imrek
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - M Inaba
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Inoue
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A Iordanova
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - L Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - M Ishihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Isobe
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Issah
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A Isupov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - D Ivanishchev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - Y Iwanaga
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - B V Jacak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Javani
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Z Ji
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J Jia
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - X Jiang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Jin
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - O Jinnouchi
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - B M Johnson
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - T Jones
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - K S Joo
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - D Jouan
- IPN-Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - D S Jumper
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - F Kajihara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Kametani
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - N Kamihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - J Kamin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Kaneta
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Kaneti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - B H Kang
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - J H Kang
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - J S Kang
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - H Kanou
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - J Kapustinsky
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - K Karatsu
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Kasai
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - T Kawagishi
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - D Kawall
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Kawashima
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A V Kazantsev
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - S Kelly
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - T Kempel
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Khanzadeev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - K M Kijima
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - J Kikuchi
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - A Kim
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - B I Kim
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - C Kim
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - D J Kim
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - E Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - E-J Kim
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - K-B Kim
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - M Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Y-J Kim
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Y K Kim
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - Y-S Kim
- KAERI, Cyclotron Application Laboratory, Seoul 34057, Korea
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - E Kinney
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - K Kiriluk
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Á Kiss
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - E Kistenev
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A Kiyomichi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Klatsky
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - J Klay
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Klein-Boesing
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - D Kleinjan
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - P Kline
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - L Kochenda
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - V Kochetkov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - Y Komatsu
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - B Komkov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - M Konno
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - J Koster
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D Kotchetkov
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Kotov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - A Kozlov
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - A Král
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Kravitz
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - F Krizek
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - P J Kroon
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Kubart
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - G J Kunde
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Kurgyis
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - N Kurihara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Kurita
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - M Kurosawa
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M J Kweon
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Y Kwon
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - G S Kyle
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - R Lacey
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Y S Lai
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - J G Lajoie
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D Layton
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Y Le Bornec
- IPN-Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - S Leckey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - B Lee
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - D M Lee
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Lee
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - K B Lee
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - K S Lee
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - M K Lee
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S R Lee
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - T Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - M J Leitch
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M A L Leite
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - M Leitgab
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - B Lenzi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - Y H Leung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - B Lewis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - N A Lewis
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - X Li
- Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, People's Republic of China
| | - X Li
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - X H Li
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | | | - P Liebing
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - H Lim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S H Lim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - L A Linden Levy
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - T Liška
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Litvinenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - H Liu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - M X Liu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Lökös
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
- Eszterházy Károly University, Károly Róbert Campus, H-3200 Gyöngyös, Mátrai út 36, Hungary
| | - B Love
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - D Lynch
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - C F Maguire
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - T Majoros
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - Y I Makdisi
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Makek
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička c. 32, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Malakhov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M D Malik
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A Manion
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - V I Manko
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - E Mannel
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - Y Mao
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - L Mašek
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - H Masui
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Masumoto
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - F Matathias
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M C McCain
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - M McCumber
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P L McGaughey
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D McGlinchey
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C McKinney
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - N Means
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Mendoza
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - B Meredith
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Y Miake
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - T Mibe
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - A C Mignerey
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D E Mihalik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P Mikeš
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - K Miki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - T E Miller
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A Milov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - S Mioduszewski
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D K Mishra
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - G C Mishra
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Mishra
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - J T Mitchell
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Mitrovski
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - G Mitsuka
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y Miyachi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - S Miyasaka
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - A K Mohanty
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - S Mohapatra
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - H J Moon
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - T Moon
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Y Morino
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Morreale
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D P Morrison
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S I Morrow
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - J M Moss
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Motschwiller
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - T V Moukhanova
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | | | - T Murakami
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Murata
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A Mwai
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - T Nagae
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Nagamiya
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Nagashima
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Y Nagata
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - J L Nagle
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M Naglis
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - M I Nagy
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - I Nakagawa
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y Nakamiya
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K R Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Nakano
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - S Nam
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - C Nattrass
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - A Nederlof
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - J Newby
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Nihashi
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Niida
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - B E Norman
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Nouicer
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Novák
- Eszterházy Károly University, Károly Róbert Campus, H-3200 Gyöngyös, Mátrai út 36, Hungary
| | - N Novitzky
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A S Nyanin
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - J Nystrand
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - C Oakley
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - E O'Brien
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S X Oda
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C A Ogilvie
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Ohnishi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - I D Ojha
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - M Oka
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Okada
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - O O Omiwade
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - Y Onuki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | - J D Osborn
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - A Oskarsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - I Otterlund
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Ouchida
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Ozawa
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - R Pak
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Pal
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A P T Palounek
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - V Pantuev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - V Papavassiliou
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - B H Park
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - I H Park
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - J Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S Park
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S K Park
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - W J Park
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - S F Pate
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L Patel
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Patel
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Pei
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J-C Peng
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - W Peng
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - H Pereira
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D V Perepelitsa
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - V Peresedov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - D Yu Peressounko
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - C E PerezLara
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - R Petti
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C Pinkenburg
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R P Pisani
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Proissl
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M L Purschke
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A K Purwar
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - H Qu
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - P V Radzevich
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - J Rak
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A Rakotozafindrabe
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | | | - K F Read
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Rembeczki
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - M Reuter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K Reygers
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - D Reynolds
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - V Riabov
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - Y Riabov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - E Richardson
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Richford
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - T Rinn
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D Roach
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - G Roche
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - S D Rolnick
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A Romana
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Rosati
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - C A Rosen
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S S E Rosendahl
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - P Rosnet
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - Z Rowan
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - P Rukoyatkin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - J Runchey
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - P Ružička
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - V L Rykov
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S S Ryu
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - B Sahlmueller
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - N Saito
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Sakaguchi
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - S Sakai
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Sakashita
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - H Sakata
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - H Sako
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - V Samsonov
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - M Sano
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Sano
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - M Sarsour
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - H D Sato
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Sato
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - T Sato
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Sawada
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - B K Schmoll
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - K Sedgwick
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J Seele
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - R Seidl
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | | | - V Semenov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - A Sen
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - R Seto
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D Sharma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - T K Shea
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - I Shein
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - A Shevel
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - T-A Shibata
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - K Shigaki
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - M Shimomura
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Nara Women's University, Kita-uoya Nishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - T Shohjoh
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Shoji
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - P Shukla
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - A Sickles
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C L Silva
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - D Silvermyr
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - C Silvestre
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K S Sim
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - B K Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - C P Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - V Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - S Skutnik
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - M Slunečka
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - W C Smith
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - A Soldatov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R A Soltz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - W E Sondheim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S P Sorensen
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - I V Sourikova
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - F Staley
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P W Stankus
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - E Stenlund
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Stepanov
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - A Ster
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S P Stoll
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Sugitate
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - C Suire
- IPN-Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - A Sukhanov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J P Sullivan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Sun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - Z Sun
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - J Sziklai
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Tabaru
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Takagi
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - E M Takagui
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - A Takahara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Taketani
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Tanabe
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K H Tanaka
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan
| | - S Taneja
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K Tanida
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - M J Tannenbaum
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Tarafdar
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - P Tarján
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - E Tennant
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - H Themann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - D Thomas
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - T L Thomas
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - R Tieulent
- IPNL, CNRS/IN2P3, Univ Lyon, Universit Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - T Todoroki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - M Togawa
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A Toia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J Tojo
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - L Tomášek
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - M Tomášek
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Y Tomita
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - H Torii
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R S Towell
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - V-N Tram
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - I Tserruya
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Y Tsuchimoto
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Tsuji
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - S K Tuli
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - H Tydesjö
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - N Tyurin
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - Y Ueda
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - B Ujvari
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - C Vale
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Valle
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - H W van Hecke
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Vargyas
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - E Vazquez-Zambrano
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - A Veicht
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J Velkovska
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - R Vértesi
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A A Vinogradov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - M Virius
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Vossen
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - V Vrba
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - E Vznuzdaev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - M Wagner
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - D Walker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - X R Wang
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Watanabe
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Watanabe
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y S Watanabe
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - F Wei
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - R Wei
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - J Wessels
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - S N White
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - N Willis
- IPN-Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - D Winter
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - S Wolin
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - C P Wong
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - C L Woody
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R M Wright
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - M Wysocki
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B Xia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - W Xie
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - C Xu
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - Q Xu
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Y L Yamaguchi
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - K Yamaura
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - R Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A Yanovich
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - Z Yasin
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J Ying
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - S Yokkaichi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J H Yoo
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Z You
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - G R Young
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - I Younus
- Physics Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - H Yu
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - I E Yushmanov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - W A Zajc
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - O Zaudtke
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - A Zelenski
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - C Zhang
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S Zharko
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - S Zhou
- Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, People's Republic of China
| | - J Zimamyi
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - L Zolin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - L Zou
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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Chang WC, Chan SKW, Lee EHM, Hui CLM, Chen EYH. Extended early intervention versus standard psychiatric care for adults with first-episode psychosis. Hong Kong Med J 2019; 25 Suppl 3:4-8. [PMID: 30792363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong
| | - E H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - C L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong
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Chen EYH, Chang WC, Hui CLM, Chan SKW, Lee EHM, Wong GHY. Duration of early intervention for psychosis: 2 years versus 3 years. Hong Kong Med J 2019; 25 Suppl 2:10-14. [PMID: 30674701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong
| | - C L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong
| | - E H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - G H Y Wong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong
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18
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Li AWY, Hui CLM, Lee EHM, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Chen EYH. Gender differences in correlates of cognition in first-episode psychosis. Psychiatry Res 2019; 271:412-420. [PMID: 30537663 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Studies of gender cognitive differences in schizophrenia have reported mixed results. This study examined cognitive correlates including demographics, symptoms and functioning in men and women in a large sample of first-episode adult-onset psychosis patients. Detailed demographic, clinical and functioning data were collected from 360 first-episode patients upon admission into an early intervention service for psychotic disorders. They were also administered a comprehensive neurocognitive battery. Correlation analyses showed that memory and working memory were more significantly associated with onset age, negative symptoms and side effects in women. Processing speed correlated with antipsychotic dosage in men and side effects in women. Selective attention correlated with reality distortion and negative symptoms in women, and onset age and education in men. Executive function correlated with onset age and reality distortion in women. All cognitive domains significantly correlated with educational level and functioning in both genders. Negative symptoms explained significant variability in cognition in both genders, while reality distortion, side effects and affective symptoms were significant factors that differentiated between genders. Although there are similarities in cognitive deficits, considerable heterogeneity exists in associations of symptoms and cognition in men and women. Results facilitate individualised tailoring of interventions, including cognitive remediation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne W Y Li
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Edwin H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sherry K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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19
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Chang WC, Lee HC, Chan SI, Chiu SY, Lee HM, Chan KW, Wong MC, Chan KL, Yeung WS, Choy LW, Chong SY, Siu MW, Lo TL, Yan WC, Ng MK, Poon LT, Pang PF, Lam WC, Wong YC, Chung WS, Mo YM, Lui SY, Hui LM, Chen EYH. Negative symptom dimensions differentially impact on functioning in individuals at-risk for psychosis. Schizophr Res 2018; 202:310-315. [PMID: 29935882 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - H C Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S I Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S Y Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - M C Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K L Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - W S Yeung
- Department of Psychiatry, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - L W Choy
- Department of Psychiatry, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S Y Chong
- Department of Psychiatry, Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - M W Siu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - T L Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - W C Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Kowloon Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - M K Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, Kowloon Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - L T Poon
- Department of Psychiatry, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - P F Pang
- Department of Psychiatry, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - W C Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Y C Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, Tai Po Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - W S Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Tai Po Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Y M Mo
- Department of Psychiatry, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S Y Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Lee CH, Chang WC. Determination of the crystal structures of an oxidized TbDy 2Fe 6 thin film by synchrotron radiation anomalous X-ray scattering. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273318091283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kohri H, Shiu SH, Chang WC, Yanai Y, Ahn DS, Ahn JK, Chen JY, Daté S, Ejiri H, Fujimura H, Fujiwara M, Fukui S, Gohn W, Hicks K, Hosaka A, Hotta T, Hwang SH, Imai K, Ishikawa T, Joo K, Kato Y, Kon Y, Lee HS, Maeda Y, Mibe T, Miyabe M, Morino Y, Muramatsu N, Nakano T, Nakatsugawa Y, Nam SI, Niiyama M, Noumi H, Ohashi Y, Ohta T, Oka M, Parker JD, Rangacharyulu C, Ryu SY, Sawada T, Shimizu H, Strokovsky EA, Sugaya Y, Sumihama M, Tsunemi T, Uchida M, Ungaro M, Wang SY, Yosoi M. Differential Cross Section and Photon-Beam Asymmetry for the γ[over →]p → π^{-}Δ^{++}(1232) Reaction at Forward π^{-} Angles for E_{γ}=1.5-2.95 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:202004. [PMID: 29864366 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.202004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Differential cross sections and photon-beam asymmetries for the γ[over →]p→π^{-}Δ^{++}(1232) reaction have been measured for 0.7<cosθ_{π}^{c.m.}<1 and E_{γ}=1.5-2.95 GeV at SPring-8/LEPS. The first-ever high statistics cross-section data are obtained in this kinematical region, and the asymmetry data for 1.5<E_{γ}(GeV)<2.8 are obtained for the first time. This reaction has a unique feature for studying the production mechanisms of a pure uu[over ¯] quark pair in the final state from the proton. Although there is no distinct peak structure in the cross sections, a non-negligible excess over the theoretical predictions is observed at E_{γ}=1.5-1.8 GeV. The asymmetries are found to be negative in most of the present kinematical regions, suggesting the dominance of π exchange in the t channel. The negative asymmetries at forward meson production angles are different from the asymmetries previously measured for the photoproduction reactions producing a dd[over ¯] or an ss[over ¯] quark pair in the final state. Advanced theoretical models introducing nucleon resonances and additional unnatural-parity exchanges are needed to reproduce the present data.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kohri
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S H Shiu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
| | - W C Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y Yanai
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - D S Ahn
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J K Ahn
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Chen
- Light Source Division, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - S Daté
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5143, Japan
| | - H Ejiri
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H Fujimura
- Wakayama Medical College, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - M Fujiwara
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - S Fukui
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - W Gohn
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3046, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - A Hosaka
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Hotta
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - S H Hwang
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - K Imai
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - T Ishikawa
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - K Joo
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3046, USA
| | - Y Kato
- Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Y Kon
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H S Lee
- Rare Isotope Science Project, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34047, Korea
| | - Y Maeda
- Proton Therapy Center, Fukui Prefectural Hospital, Fukui 910-8526, Japan
| | - T Mibe
- High Energy Accelerator Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Miyabe
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - Y Morino
- High Energy Accelerator Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - N Muramatsu
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - T Nakano
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Y Nakatsugawa
- High Energy Accelerator Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - S I Nam
- Department of Physics, Pukyong National University (PKNU), Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - M Niiyama
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - H Noumi
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Y Ohashi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5143, Japan
| | - T Ohta
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - M Oka
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - J D Parker
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - C Rangacharyulu
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - S Y Ryu
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Sawada
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Physics Department, University of Michigan, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - H Shimizu
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - E A Strokovsky
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region 142281, Russia
| | - Y Sugaya
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - M Sumihama
- Department of Education, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - T Tsunemi
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - M Uchida
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - M Ungaro
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3046, USA
| | - S Y Wang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - M Yosoi
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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Lee EHM, Ching EYN, Hui CLM, Lin JJX, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Chen EYH. Chinese label for people at risk for psychosis. Early Interv Psychiatry 2017; 11:224-228. [PMID: 25721613 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM With the movement of early detection and intervention for people at risk for psychosis, there is a growing need for a uniform terminology to describe the condition. A diagnostic label that can adapt into local culture and value may have positive effect in minimizing stigma. This study explored the preference of Chinese label for people at risk of psychosis and its associated stigma in Hong Kong. METHODS A total of 149 individuals from the general public and 51 health-care professionals were recruited between March 2013 and May 2014. The condition of at risk for psychosis was described in a vignette. Participants' preference of label and perceived stigma of the condition and their basic demographics were collected by self-administered questionnaires. RESULTS The most preferred Chinese label was 'yun-niang-qi' (developing period, 45%), followed by 'qian-qu-qi' (precursor period, 19%), 'feng-xian-qi' (risky period, 18%), 'zao-xian-qi' (early sign period, 16%) and 'gao-wei-qi' (high risk period, 4%). Gender, age, occupation and previous contact with mental health were not associated with preference of any Chinese label. CONCLUSIONS The process in searching for this potential and locally accepted label for people at risk for psychosis has raised the awareness among the professionals. A proper label may help promote future clinical research and mental health services in Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Elaine Y N Ching
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jessie J X Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sherry K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Chang WC, Kwong VWY, Hui CLM, Chan SKW, Lee EHM, Chen EYH. Relationship of amotivation to neurocognition, self-efficacy and functioning in first-episode psychosis: a structural equation modeling approach. Psychol Med 2017; 47:755-765. [PMID: 27869058 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716003044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Better understanding of the complex interplay among key determinants of functional outcome is crucial to promoting recovery in psychotic disorders. However, this is understudied in the early course of illness. We aimed to examine the relationships among negative symptoms, neurocognition, general self-efficacy and global functioning in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients using structural equation modeling (SEM). METHOD Three hundred and twenty-one Chinese patients aged 26-55 years presenting with FEP to an early intervention program in Hong Kong were recruited. Assessments encompassing symptom profiles, functioning, perceived general self-efficacy and a battery of neurocognitive tests were conducted. Negative symptom measurement was subdivided into amotivation and diminished expression (DE) domain scores based on the ratings in the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. RESULTS An initial SEM model showed no significant association between functioning and DE which was removed from further analysis. A final trimmed model yielded very good model fit (χ2 = 15.48, p = 0.63; comparative fit index = 1.00; root mean square error of approximation <0.001) and demonstrated that amotivation, neurocognition and general self-efficacy had a direct effect on global functioning. Amotivation was also found to mediate a significant indirect effect of neurocognition and general self-efficacy on functioning. Neurocognition was not significantly related to general self-efficacy. CONCLUSION Our results indicate a critical intermediary role of amotivation in linking neurocognitive impairment to functioning in FEP. General self-efficacy may represent a promising treatment target for improvement of motivational deficits and functional outcome in the early illness stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry,The University of Hong Kong,Queen Mary Hospital,Pokfulam,Hong Kong
| | - V W Y Kwong
- Department of Psychiatry,The University of Hong Kong,Queen Mary Hospital,Pokfulam,Hong Kong
| | - C L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry,The University of Hong Kong,Queen Mary Hospital,Pokfulam,Hong Kong
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry,The University of Hong Kong,Queen Mary Hospital,Pokfulam,Hong Kong
| | - E H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry,The University of Hong Kong,Queen Mary Hospital,Pokfulam,Hong Kong
| | - E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry,The University of Hong Kong,Queen Mary Hospital,Pokfulam,Hong Kong
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Chan WC, Wong CS, Chen EY, Ng RM, Hung SF, Cheung EF, Sham PC, Chiu HF, Lam M, Chang WC, Lee EH, Chiang TP, Lau JT, van Os J, Lewis G, Bebbington P, Lam LC. Validation of the Chinese Version of the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule: Findings from Hong Kong Mental Morbidity Survey. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2017; 27:3-10. [PMID: 28387207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (C-CIS-R), and explore its applicability as a diagnostic instrument for common mental disorders (CMDs) in Hong Kong. Its psychometric properties were evaluated among 140 patients and 161 healthy controls. In comparison to the diagnoses made by the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV, the C-CIS-R showed good criterion validity in diagnosing CMDs. The correlation of the total score of C-CIS-R with the 12-item General Health Questionnaire and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was satisfactory, indicating favourable convergent validity as well. The inter-rater and test-retest reliability were also satisfactory. Receiver operating characteristic analyses suggested an optimal cut-off point of 11/12 for detecting diagnosable CMDs (sensitivity: 0.69; specificity: 0.93) and 17/18 for identifying a need for treatment (sensitivity: 0.70; specificity: 0.95). In conclusion, C-CIS-R is a valid diagnostic instrument for CMDs in a Chinese community. Its cut-off points for clinically significant symptoms and treatment needs among Chinese are identical to those adopted in the original English version.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C Sm Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - E Yh Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - R Mk Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, Kowloon Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S F Hung
- Department of Psychiatry, Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - E Fc Cheung
- Department of Psychiatry, Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P C Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - H Fk Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - E Hm Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T P Chiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Tf Lau
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J van Os
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - G Lewis
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Bebbington
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Cw Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Shie MY, Chang WC, Wei LJ, Huang YH, Chen CH, Shih CT, Chen YW, Shen YF. 3D Printing of Cytocompatible Water-Based Light-Cured Polyurethane with Hyaluronic Acid for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Applications. Materials (Basel) 2017; 10:ma10020136. [PMID: 28772498 PMCID: PMC5459153 DOI: 10.3390/ma10020136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Diseases in articular cartilages have affected millions of people globally. Although the biochemical and cellular composition of articular cartilages is relatively simple, there is a limitation in the self-repair ability of the cartilage. Therefore, developing strategies for cartilage repair is very important. Here, we report on a new liquid resin preparation process of water-based polyurethane based photosensitive materials with hyaluronic acid with application of the materials for 3D printed customized cartilage scaffolds. The scaffold has high cytocompatibility and is one that closely mimics the mechanical properties of articular cartilages. It is suitable for culturing human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSCs) and the cells in this case showed an excellent chondrogenic differentiation capacity. We consider that the 3D printing hybrid scaffolds may have potential in customized tissue engineering and also facilitate the development of cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-You Shie
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ching Chang
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Ju Wei
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Hsin Huang
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Han Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Ting Shih
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Fang Shen
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
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Chang WC, Kwong VWY, Chan GHK, Jim OTT, Lau ESK, Hui CLM, Chan SKW, Lee EHM, Chen EYH. Prediction of motivational impairment: 12-month follow-up of the randomized-controlled trial on extended early intervention for first-episode psychosis. Eur Psychiatry 2017; 41:37-41. [PMID: 28049079 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amotivation is prevalent in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients and is a major determinant of functional outcome. Prediction of amotivation in the early stage of psychosis, however, is under-studied. We aimed to prospectively examine predictors of amotivation in FEP patients in a randomized-controlled trial comparing a 1-year extension of early intervention (Extended EI, 3-year EI) with step-down psychiatric care (SC, 2-year EI). METHODS One hundred sixty Chinese patents were recruited from a specialized EI program for FEP in Hong Kong after they have completed this 2-year EI service, randomly allocated to Extended EI or SC, and followed up for 12 months. Assessments on premorbid adjustment, onset profiles, baseline symptom severity and treatment characteristics were conducted. Data analysis was based on 156 subjects who completed follow-up assessments. RESULTS Amotivation at 12-month follow-up was associated with premorbid adjustment, allocated treatment condition, and levels of positive symptoms, disorganization, amotivation, diminished expression (DE) and depression at study intake. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that Extended EI and lower levels of DE independently predicted better outcome on 12-month amotivation. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate a potentially critical therapeutic role of an extended specialized EI on alleviating motivational impairment in FEP patients. The longer-term effect of Extended EI on amotivation merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - V W Y Kwong
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - G H K Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - O T T Jim
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - E S K Lau
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - C L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - E H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Lee EHM, Hui CLM, Lin JJX, Ching EYN, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Chen EYH. Quality of life and functioning in first-episode psychosis Chinese patients with different antipsychotic medications. Early Interv Psychiatry 2016; 10:535-539. [PMID: 25967146 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study compared the quality of life and functioning of 285 first-episode psychosis Chinese patients with different antipsychotic medications in Hong Kong. METHOD Under the Jockey Club Early Psychosis project, a total of 285 patients were recruited from all inpatient and outpatient psychiatric units in Hong Kong between 2009 and 2011. In addition to the medication information, patients were assessed with the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, the Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser (UKU), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS), the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), the Role Functioning Scale, and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 12-Item Health Survey (SF-12) after stabilization of mental condition. Differences between individual antipsychotic medications were compared using anova and multinomial regression model. RESULTS The results demonstrated significant differences between different antipsychotic medications in the mean of UKU neurological subscore, BARS total score, SOFAS score and SF-12 Mental Component Summary (MCS) score. Patients with haloperidol had higher mean UKU neurological subscore than patients with olanzapine or amisulpride. Risperidone was associated with higher mean BARS total score than olanzapine, amisulpride or sulpiride. Higher mean MCS was found in patients with amisulpride than patients with risperidone. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that antipsychotics have differential associations with the quality of life and functioning in patients with first-episode psychosis. Future prospective study is warranted to investigate if patients with first-episode psychosis will benefit specific type of antipsychotics more than the others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
| | - Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Jessie J X Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Elaine Y N Ching
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Sherry K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the balance ability of the patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Twenty-three patients (63.3 ± 9.2 years of age) with a diagnosis of unilateral posterior semicircular canal BPPV were recruited. Static balance was measured in 4 conditions with eyes open and eyes closed: stance on firm surface, stance on foam surface, left leg stance, and right leg stance. Dynamic balance was measured in tandem walk test. Data of the patients with BPPV were compared to age-matched norm values of the healthy adults. RESULTS: The patients with BPPV demonstrated greater sway velocity in stance on foam surface with eyes closed ( P < 0.05), in single leg stance with eyes closed ( P < 0.001), and in tandem walk test ( P < 0.05) compared to the healthy adults. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with BPPV demonstrated impaired static and dynamic balance ability particularly when depriving visual and changing proprioceptive inputs. SIGNIFICANCE: Clinically, in addition to canalith repositioning maneuver, balance retraining on different conditions may be a useful adjunct to treatment for patients with BPPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ching Chang
- Institute and Faculty of Physical Therapy, National Yang-Ming University, Shih-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hui CLM, Li YK, Li AWY, Lee EHM, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Lam SY, Thornton AE, Sham P, Honer WG, Chen EYH. Visual working memory deterioration preceding relapse in psychosis. Psychol Med 2016; 46:2435-2444. [PMID: 27305830 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716000751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relapse is distressingly common after the first episode of psychosis, yet it is poorly understood and difficult to predict. Investigating changes in cognitive function preceding relapse may provide new insights into the underlying mechanism of relapse in psychosis. We hypothesized that relapse in fully remitted first-episode psychosis patients was preceded by working memory deterioration. METHOD Visual memory and verbal working memory were monitored prospectively in a 1-year randomized controlled trial of remitted first-episode psychosis patients assigned to medication continuation (quetiapine 400 mg/day) or discontinuation (placebo). Relapse (recurrence of positive symptoms of psychosis), visual (Visual Patterns Test) and verbal (Letter-Number span test) working memory and stressful life events were assessed monthly. RESULTS Remitted first-episode patients (n = 102) participated in the study. Relapsers (n = 53) and non-relapsers (n = 49) had similar baseline demographic and clinical profiles. Logistic regression analyses indicated relapse was associated with visual working memory deterioration 2 months before relapse [odds ratio (OR) 3.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-7.92, P = 0.02], more stressful life events 1 month before relapse (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.20-3.72, P = 0.01) and medication discontinuation (OR 5.52, 95% CI 2.08-14.62, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Visual working memory deterioration beginning 2 months before relapse in remitted first-episode psychosis patients (not baseline predictor) may reflect early brain dysfunction that heralds a psychotic relapse. The deterioration was found to be unrelated to a worsening of psychotic symptoms preceding relapse. Testable predictors offer insight into the brain processes underlying relapse in psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - Y K Li
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - A W Y Li
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - E H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - S Y Lam
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - A E Thornton
- Department of Psychology,Simon Fraser University,Burnaby,BC,Canada
| | - P Sham
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - W G Honer
- Department of Psychiatry,University of British Columbia,Vancouver,BC,Canada
| | - E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
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Lee EHM, Hui CLM, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Lin J, Chen EYH. Letter to the Editor: Comparison of cognitive functions, pre-morbid conditions and clinical characteristics between brief psychotic disorder and schizophrenia. Psychol Med 2016; 46:2011-2013. [PMID: 27181416 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716000623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - C L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - J Lin
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
| | - E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,People's Republic of China
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Ryu SY, Ahn JK, Nakano T, Ahn DS, Ajimura S, Akimune H, Asano Y, Chang WC, Chen JY, Daté S, Ejiri H, Fujimura H, Fujiwara M, Fukui S, Hasegawa S, Hicks K, Horie K, Hotta T, Hwang SH, Imai K, Ishikawa T, Iwata T, Kato Y, Kawai H, Kino K, Kohri H, Kon Y, Kumagai N, Lin PJ, Maeda Y, Makino S, Matsuda T, Matsuoka N, Mibe T, Miyabe M, Miyachi M, Morino Y, Muramatsu N, Murayama R, Nakatsugawa Y, Nam SI, Niiyama M, Nomachi M, Ohashi Y, Ohkuma H, Ohta T, Ooba T, Oshuev DS, Parker JD, Rangacharyulu C, Sakaguchi A, Sawada T, Shagin PM, Shiino Y, Shimizu H, Strokovsky EA, Sugaya Y, Sumihama M, Tokiyasu AO, Toi Y, Toyokawa H, Tsunemi T, Uchida M, Ungaro M, Wakai A, Wang CW, Wang SC, Yonehara K, Yorita T, Yoshimura M, Yosoi M, Zegers RGT. Interference Effect between ϕ and Λ(1520) Production Channels in the γp→K^{+}K^{-}p Reaction near Threshold. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:232001. [PMID: 27341225 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.232001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The ϕ-Λ(1520) interference effect in the γp→K^{+}K^{-}p reaction has been measured for the first time in the energy range from 1.673 to 2.173 GeV. The relative phases between ϕ and Λ(1520) production amplitudes were obtained in the kinematic region where the two resonances overlap. The measurement results support strong constructive interference when K^{+}K^{-} pairs are observed at forward angles but destructive interference for proton emission at forward angles. Furthermore, the observed interference effect does not account for the sqrt[s]=2.1 GeV bump structure in forward differential cross sections for ϕ photoproduction. This fact suggests possible exotic structures such as a hidden-strangeness pentaquark state, a new Pomeron exchange, or rescattering processes via other hyperon states.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Ryu
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - J K Ahn
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - T Nakano
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - D S Ahn
- RIKEN, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Ajimura
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H Akimune
- Department of Physics, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo 658-8501, Japan
| | - Y Asano
- XFEL Project Head Office, RIKEN, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5143, Japan
| | - W C Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - J Y Chen
- Light Source Division, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - S Daté
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5143, Japan
| | - H Ejiri
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H Fujimura
- Wakayama Medical College, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - M Fujiwara
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - S Fukui
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - S Hasegawa
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - K Hicks
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - K Horie
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - T Hotta
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - S H Hwang
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - K Imai
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - T Ishikawa
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - T Iwata
- Department of Physics, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
| | - Y Kato
- Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - H Kawai
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - K Kino
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - H Kohri
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Y Kon
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - N Kumagai
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5143, Japan
| | - P J Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y Maeda
- Proton Therapy Center, Fukui Prefectural Hospital, Fukui 910-8526, Japan
| | - S Makino
- Wakayama Medical College, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - T Matsuda
- Department of Applied Physics, Miyazaki University, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - N Matsuoka
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Mibe
- High Energy Accelerator Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Miyabe
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - M Miyachi
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Y Morino
- High Energy Accelerator Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - N Muramatsu
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - R Murayama
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Y Nakatsugawa
- High Energy Accelerator Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - S I Nam
- Department of Physics, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - M Niiyama
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - M Nomachi
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Y Ohashi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5143, Japan
| | - H Ohkuma
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5143, Japan
| | - T Ohta
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Ooba
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - D S Oshuev
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - J D Parker
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - C Rangacharyulu
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - A Sakaguchi
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - T Sawada
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - P M Shagin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Y Shiino
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - H Shimizu
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - E A Strokovsky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, 142281, Russia
| | - Y Sugaya
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - M Sumihama
- Department of Education, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - A O Tokiyasu
- Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan
| | - Y Toi
- Department of Applied Physics, Miyazaki University, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - H Toyokawa
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5143, Japan
| | - T Tsunemi
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - M Uchida
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - M Ungaro
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3046, USA
| | - A Wakai
- Akita Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita 010-0874, Japan
| | - C W Wang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Wang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - K Yonehara
- Department of Physics, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo 658-8501, Japan
| | - T Yorita
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - M Yoshimura
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Yosoi
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - R G T Zegers
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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Wong AYS, Wong ICK, Chui CSL, Lee EHM, Chang WC, Chen EYH, Leung WK, Chan EW. Association Between Acute Neuropsychiatric Events and Helicobacter pylori Therapy Containing Clarithromycin. JAMA Intern Med 2016; 176:828-34. [PMID: 27136661 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.1586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE There is a concern that Helicobacter pylori therapy containing clarithromycin might be associated with acute neuropsychiatric events. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between H pylori therapy containing clarithromycin and acute neuropsychiatric events. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A self-controlled case series study was conducted using the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System database in Hong Kong to explore any association. The exposure of interest was H pylori therapy containing clarithromycin in the outpatient setting. Study patients, 18 years or older at cohort entry, must have had both exposure to H pylori therapy containing clarithromycin and their first recorded neuropsychiatric events between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2012. A post hoc nested case-control analysis was also performed in patients receiving H pylori therapy containing clarithromycin. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was composite neuropsychiatric events, while secondary outcomes were psychotic events and cognitive impairment. Risk periods in the self-controlled case series analysis were defined as 14-day preexposure period, current use (days 1-14 since prescription start date) and recent use (days 15-30). Age-adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) were estimated using the conditional Poisson regression. RESULTS Of 66 559 patients who had at least 1 outpatient prescription of H pylori therapy containing clarithromycin. Their mean (SD) age at cohort entry was 50.8 (14.8 years); their mean age at first exposure was 55.4 (14.8) years, and 30 910 were male (46.4%). A total of 1824 patients had their first recorded composite neuropsychiatric events during the study period. An increased IRR of 4.12 (35 composite neuropsychiatric events during 72 person-years; 95% CI, 2.94-5.76) during current use was observed but not in recent use (9 events during 82 person-years; IRR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.49-1.83) and 14-day preexposure period (14 events during 72 person-years; IRR, 1.63; 95% CI, 0.96-2.77) vs baseline (1766 events during 16 665 person-years). Similarly, both the risk of psychotic events and cognitive impairment increased during current use vs baseline, although this subsequently returned to baseline incidence levels during recent use. The crude absolute risks of composite neuropsychiatric events, psychotic events, and cognitive impairment during current use were 0.45, 0.12, and 0.12 per 1000 prescriptions, respectively. The nested case-control analysis also gave similar results to that of the self-controlled case series analysis. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study shows evidence of a short-term increased risk of neuropsychiatric events associated with H pylori therapy containing clarithromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Y S Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ian C K Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China2Research Department of Practice and Policy, School of Pharmacy, University Colleg
| | - Celine S L Chui
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Edwin H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai K Leung
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Esther W Chan
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Lee EHM, Hui CLM, Lin JX, Ching EYN, Li SP, Leung WG, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Chen EYH. Incidence of hospitalization and its associated factors in first-episode psychosis in Hong Kong. Early Interv Psychiatry 2016; 10:263-6. [PMID: 25702936 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study examined the incidence of hospitalization and its associated factors in patients with first-episode psychosis in Hong Kong. METHOD From 2009 to 2011, 360 patients were recruited consecutively as part of a controlled study of an early psychosis intervention service (the Jockey Club Early Psychosis project) in Hong Kong. Demographic and clinical information were obtained from face-to-face interviews and was reconfirmed using medical records. Factors relating to hospitalization during first episode were explored. RESULTS The incidence of hospitalization during first-episode psychosis was 57.2%. Patients who were hospitalized had higher antipsychotics chlorpromazine equivalent dosage, higher positive and negative syndrome scale total score, higher Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser others mean score and were more likely to have an acute mode of onset compared with those who were not hospitalized. CONCLUSIONS Hospitalization was common in first-episode psychosis. Future studies are needed to explore possible programmes to prevent hospitalization in patients with first-episode psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - J X Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Elaine Y N Ching
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S P Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - W G Leung
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Sherry K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Hui CLM, Lee EHM, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Chen EYH. Letter to the Editor: Comparing delusional disorder and schizophrenia: a comment on Hui et al. (2015)-–a reply. Psychol Med 2016; 46:1561-1562. [PMID: 26691196 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291715002810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Wu J, Lee YY, Su SC, Wu TS, Kao KC, Huang CC, Chang WC, Yang CH, Chung WH. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in patients with malignancies. Br J Dermatol 2015. [PMID: 26218033 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignancy is known to be associated with an increased mortality rate in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). However, risk factors contributing to the poor prognosis of patients with SJS/TEN with malignancies remain undefined. OBJECTIVES To explore the potential involvement of malignancy and its related factors contributing to the poor outcome of SJS/TEN, in a retrospective study. METHODS In total 517 patients with SJS/TEN were enrolled. Forty-seven who sustained various types of malignancies were analysed for numerous malignancy-related factors, including cancer types, clinical stages and chemotherapies given or not before the onset of SJS/TEN. RESULTS We found that the mortality rate of patients with SJS/TEN with malignancies was higher than that of patients without malignancies (32%, 15/47 vs. 8·5%, 40/470, respectively) (P < 0·001). The use of phenytoin was significantly higher in the malignancy group. The presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (80%, four of five; P < 0·001; odds ratio 43) and colorectal cancer (67%, two of three; P = 0·022; odds ratio 21·5) significantly increased the death rate of patients with SJS/TEN, whereas lung cancer and urothelial carcinoma did not. Patients who had received ongoing or recent chemotherapy showed higher mortality than those without chemotherapy (P = 0·022; odds ratio 4·95). Furthermore, among the 47 patients with SJS/TEN with malignancies, lower serum albumin, haemoglobin and platelet count were detected in the deceased patients than in the surviving patients before the onset of SJS/TEN. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that several factors related to malignancies, such as specific cancer types, chemotherapy and malnutrition, may contribute to poor prognosis in patients with malignancies developing SJS/TEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taipei and Linkou, 33305, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Y Y Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taipei and Linkou, 33305, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - S C Su
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taipei and Linkou, 33305, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - T S Wu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan.,Department of Infectious Disease, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taipei and Linkou, 33305, Taiwan
| | - K C Kao
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taipei and Linkou, 33305, Taiwan
| | - C C Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taipei and Linkou, 33305, Taiwan
| | - W C Chang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taipei and Linkou, 33305, Taiwan
| | - C H Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taipei and Linkou, 33305, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - W H Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taipei and Linkou, 33305, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Akimoto R, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Alfred M, Al-Ta'ani H, Andrews KR, Angerami A, Aoki K, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Appelt E, Aramaki Y, Armendariz R, Aronson SH, Asai J, Asano H, Aschenauer EC, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Baldisseri A, Bandara NS, Bannier B, Barish KN, Barnes PD, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Batsouli S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Beaumier M, Beckman S, Belikov S, Belmont R, Ben-Benjamin J, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bhom JH, Bickley AA, Blau DS, Boissevain JG, Bok JS, Borel H, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Broxmeyer D, Bryslawskyj J, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Caringi A, Castera P, Chang BS, Chang WC, Charvet JL, Chen CH, Chernichenko S, Chi CY, Chiba J, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Churyn A, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cleven CR, Cole BA, Comets MP, Conesa del Valle Z, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Danley D, Das K, Datta A, Daugherity MS, David G, Dayananda MK, Deaton MB, DeBlasio K, Dehmelt K, Delagrange H, Denisov A, d'Enterria D, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dharmawardane KV, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Diss PB, Do JH, Donadelli M, D'Orazio L, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Dubey AK, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Dzhordzhadze V, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Egdemir J, Ellinghaus F, Emam WS, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Eyser KO, Fadem B, Feege N, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Gadrat S, Gal C, Gallus P, Garg P, Garishvili I, Ge H, Giordano F, Glenn A, Gong H, Gong X, Gonin M, Gosset J, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grim G, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gu Y, Gunji T, Guo L, Gustafsson HÅ, Hachiya T, Hadj Henni A, Haegemann C, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Hamilton HF, Han R, Han SY, Hanks J, Harada H, Harper C, Hartouni EP, Haruna K, Hasegawa S, Haseler TOS, Hashimoto K, Haslum E, Hayano R, He X, Heffner M, Hemmick TK, Hester T, Hiejima H, Hill JC, Hobbs R, Hohlmann M, Hollis RS, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hori Y, Hornback D, Hoshino T, Hotvedt N, Huang J, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Iinuma H, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imrek J, Inaba M, Inoue Y, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Isenhower L, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanishchev D, Iwanaga Y, Jacak BV, Jezghani M, Jia J, Jiang X, Jin J, Jinnouchi O, John D, Johnson BM, Jones T, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kanda S, Kaneta M, Kaneti S, Kang BH, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kanou H, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kasai M, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Key JA, Khachatryan V, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kikuchi J, Kim A, Kim BI, Kim C, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim E, Kim EJ, Kim GW, Kim M, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kim YK, Kimelman B, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss Á, Kistenev E, Kitamura R, Kiyomichi A, Klatsky J, Klay J, Klein-Boesing C, Kleinjan D, Kline P, Koblesky T, Kochenda L, Kochetkov V, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kotov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kubart J, Kunde GJ, Kurihara N, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kweon MJ, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Layton D, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee KB, Lee KS, Lee MK, Lee S, Lee SH, Lee SR, Lee T, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Lenzi B, Li X, Lichtenwalner P, Liebing P, Lim SH, Linden Levy LA, Liška T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Love B, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Makek M, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manion A, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Mašek L, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Means N, Meles A, Mendoza M, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mibe T, Mignerey AC, Mikeš P, Miki K, Miller TE, Milov A, Mioduszewski S, Mishra DK, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mitrovski M, Miyachi Y, Miyasaka S, Mizuno S, Mohanty AK, Montuenga P, Moon HJ, Moon T, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Motschwiller S, Moukhanova TV, Mukhopadhyay D, Murakami T, Murata J, Mwai A, Nagamiya S, Nagashima K, Nagata Y, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakagomi H, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura KR, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Nam S, Nattrass C, Netrakanti PK, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nihashi M, Niida T, Nishimura S, Norman BE, Nouicer R, Novak T, Novitzky N, Nyanin AS, Oakley C, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Ohnishi H, Oka M, Okada K, Omiwade OO, Onuki Y, Orjuela Koop JD, Osborn JD, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pal D, Palounek APT, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park BH, Park IH, Park J, Park JS, Park S, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Patel L, Patel M, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Perepelitsa DV, Perera GDN, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Perry J, Petti R, Pinkenburg C, Pinson R, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ramson BJ, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Rembeczki S, Reuter M, Reygers K, Reynolds D, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Rinn T, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Romana A, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rowan Z, Rubin JG, Rukoyatkin P, Ružička P, Rykov VL, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakai S, Sakashita K, Sakata H, Sako H, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sarsour M, Sato S, Sato T, Savastio M, Sawada S, Schaefer B, Schmoll BK, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Semenov V, Sen A, Seto R, Sett P, Sexton A, Sharma D, Shein I, Shevel A, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shim HH, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Skutnik S, Slunečka M, Snowball M, Sodre T, Soldatov A, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Staley F, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stepanov M, Ster A, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Sukhanov A, Sumita T, Sun J, Sziklai J, Tabaru T, Takagi S, Takagui EM, Takahara A, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Taneja S, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Tennant E, Themann H, Thomas D, Thomas TL, Tieulent R, Timilsina A, Todoroki T, Togawa M, Toia A, Tojo J, Tomášek L, Tomášek M, Tomita Y, Torii H, Towell CL, Towell R, Towell RS, Tram VN, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Utsunomiya K, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vossen A, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wagner M, Walker D, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Watanabe YS, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White AS, White SN, Winter D, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xia B, Xie W, Xue L, Yalcin S, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Yasin Z, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, Yoo JH, Yoo JS, Yoon I, You Z, Young GR, Younus I, Yu H, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zaudtke O, Zelenski A, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zimamyi J, Zolin L, Zou L. Measurements of Elliptic and Triangular Flow in High-Multiplicity 3He+Au Collisions at √(s(NN))=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:142301. [PMID: 26551807 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.142301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present the first measurement of elliptic (v(2)) and triangular (v(3)) flow in high-multiplicity (3)He+Au collisions at √(s(NN))=200 GeV. Two-particle correlations, where the particles have a large separation in pseudorapidity, are compared in (3)He+Au and in p+p collisions and indicate that collective effects dominate the second and third Fourier components for the correlations observed in the (3)He+Au system. The collective behavior is quantified in terms of elliptic v(2) and triangular v(3) anisotropy coefficients measured with respect to their corresponding event planes. The v(2) values are comparable to those previously measured in d+Au collisions at the same nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy. Comparisons with various theoretical predictions are made, including to models where the hot spots created by the impact of the three (3)He nucleons on the Au nucleus expand hydrodynamically to generate the triangular flow. The agreement of these models with data may indicate the formation of low-viscosity quark-gluon plasma even in these small collision systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S Afanasiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - C Aidala
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - N N Ajitanand
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Y Akiba
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Akimoto
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H Al-Bataineh
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - J Alexander
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - M Alfred
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - H Al-Ta'ani
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - K R Andrews
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - A Angerami
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - K Aoki
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - N Apadula
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - L Aphecetche
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes) BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - E Appelt
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Y Aramaki
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R Armendariz
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - S H Aronson
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Asai
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - H Asano
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - E T Atomssa
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - R Averbeck
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T C Awes
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B Azmoun
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V Babintsev
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M Bai
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - G Baksay
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - L Baksay
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - A Baldisseri
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N S Bandara
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - B Bannier
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K N Barish
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - P D Barnes
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Bassalleck
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A T Basye
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - S Bathe
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Batsouli
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - V Baublis
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - C Baumann
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - A Bazilevsky
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Beaumier
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - S Beckman
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S Belikov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Belmont
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - J Ben-Benjamin
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - R Bennett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Berdnikov
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Y Berdnikov
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - J H Bhom
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - A A Bickley
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D S Blau
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - J G Boissevain
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J S Bok
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - H Borel
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Boyle
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M L Brooks
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Broxmeyer
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - J Bryslawskyj
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - H Buesching
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V Bumazhnov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Bunce
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Butsyk
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C M Camacho
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Campbell
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Caringi
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - P Castera
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - B S Chang
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - W C Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - J-L Charvet
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C-H Chen
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S Chernichenko
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - C Y Chi
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - J Chiba
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Chiu
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - I J Choi
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - J B Choi
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - R K Choudhury
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - P Christiansen
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - T Chujo
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - P Chung
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - A Churyn
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - O Chvala
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - V Cianciolo
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Z Citron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - C R Cleven
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - B A Cole
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - M P Comets
- IPN-Orsay, Universite Paris Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - Z Conesa del Valle
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Connors
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P Constantin
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - T Csörgő
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Dahms
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S Dairaku
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - I Danchev
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - D Danley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - K Das
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A Datta
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | | | - G David
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M K Dayananda
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M B Deaton
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - K DeBlasio
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - K Dehmelt
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - H Delagrange
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes) BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - A Denisov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - D d'Enterria
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Deshpande
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - E J Desmond
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | | | - O Dietzsch
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - A Dion
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P B Diss
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J H Do
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - M Donadelli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - L D'Orazio
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - O Drapier
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Drees
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K A Drees
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A K Dubey
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - J M Durham
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Durum
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - D Dutta
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - V Dzhordzhadze
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - S Edwards
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Y V Efremenko
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J Egdemir
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - F Ellinghaus
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - W S Emam
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - T Engelmore
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - A Enokizono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - H En'yo
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Esumi
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K O Eyser
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - B Fadem
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - N Feege
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - D E Fields
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Finger
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M Finger
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - F Fleuret
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - S L Fokin
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Z Fraenkel
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - J E Frantz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Franz
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A D Frawley
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - K Fujiwara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Fukao
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Fusayasu
- Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan
| | - S Gadrat
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - C Gal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P Gallus
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - P Garg
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - I Garishvili
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - H Ge
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - F Giordano
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A Glenn
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H Gong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - X Gong
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - M Gonin
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - J Gosset
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y Goto
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Granier de Cassagnac
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - N Grau
- Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S V Greene
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - G Grim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Grosse Perdekamp
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y Gu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Gunji
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - L Guo
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - H-Å Gustafsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - T Hachiya
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Hadj Henni
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes) BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - C Haegemann
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - J S Haggerty
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - K I Hahn
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - H Hamagaki
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - J Hamblen
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - H F Hamilton
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - R Han
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - S Y Han
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - J Hanks
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - H Harada
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - C Harper
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - E P Hartouni
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - K Haruna
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - S Hasegawa
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - T O S Haseler
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - K Hashimoto
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - E Haslum
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - R Hayano
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - X He
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Heffner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - T K Hemmick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Hester
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - H Hiejima
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J C Hill
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - R Hobbs
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - M Hohlmann
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - R S Hollis
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - W Holzmann
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - K Homma
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - B Hong
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - T Horaguchi
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Hori
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - D Hornback
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - T Hoshino
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - N Hotvedt
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Huang
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Huang
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - T Ichihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Ichimiya
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Iinuma
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Ikeda
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Imai
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Imrek
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - M Inaba
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Inoue
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A Iordanova
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - L Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - M Ishihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Isobe
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Issah
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A Isupov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - D Ivanishchev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - Y Iwanaga
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - B V Jacak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Jezghani
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - J Jia
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - X Jiang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Jin
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - O Jinnouchi
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D John
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - B M Johnson
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Jones
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - K S Joo
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - D Jouan
- IPN-Orsay, Universite Paris Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - D S Jumper
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - F Kajihara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - S Kametani
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - N Kamihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Kamin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S Kanda
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - M Kaneta
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Kaneti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - B H Kang
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - J H Kang
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - J S Kang
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - H Kanou
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - J Kapustinsky
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - K Karatsu
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Kasai
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - D Kawall
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Kawashima
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A V Kazantsev
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - T Kempel
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J A Key
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Khanzadeev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - K M Kijima
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - J Kikuchi
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - A Kim
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - B I Kim
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - C Kim
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - D J Kim
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - E Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - E-J Kim
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - G W Kim
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - M Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Y-J Kim
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Y K Kim
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - B Kimelman
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - E Kinney
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - K Kiriluk
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Á Kiss
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - E Kistenev
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Kitamura
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Kiyomichi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Klatsky
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - J Klay
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Klein-Boesing
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - D Kleinjan
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - P Kline
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Koblesky
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - L Kochenda
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - V Kochetkov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - B Komkov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - M Konno
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - J Koster
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D Kotchetkov
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Kotov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - A Kozlov
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - A Král
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Kravitz
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - J Kubart
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - G J Kunde
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - N Kurihara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Kurita
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - M Kurosawa
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M J Kweon
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Y Kwon
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - G S Kyle
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - R Lacey
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Y S Lai
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - J G Lajoie
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D Layton
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D M Lee
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Lee
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - K B Lee
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - K S Lee
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - M K Lee
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S R Lee
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - T Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - M J Leitch
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M A L Leite
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - B Lenzi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - X Li
- Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, People's Republic of China
| | | | - P Liebing
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S H Lim
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | | | - T Liška
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Litvinenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - H Liu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - M X Liu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Love
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - D Lynch
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - C F Maguire
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Y I Makdisi
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Makek
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Bijenička 32, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Malakhov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M D Malik
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A Manion
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - V I Manko
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - E Mannel
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - Y Mao
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - L Mašek
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - H Masui
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - F Matathias
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - M McCumber
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P L McGaughey
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D McGlinchey
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - C McKinney
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - N Means
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Meles
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - M Mendoza
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - B Meredith
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Y Miake
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - T Mibe
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - A C Mignerey
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - P Mikeš
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - K Miki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - T E Miller
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A Milov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - S Mioduszewski
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D K Mishra
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - M Mishra
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - J T Mitchell
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Mitrovski
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Y Miyachi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - S Miyasaka
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - S Mizuno
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - A K Mohanty
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - P Montuenga
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - H J Moon
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - T Moon
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Y Morino
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Morreale
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D P Morrison
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Motschwiller
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - T V Moukhanova
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | | | - T Murakami
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Murata
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A Mwai
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - S Nagamiya
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Nagashima
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Y Nagata
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - J L Nagle
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M Naglis
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - M I Nagy
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - I Nakagawa
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - H Nakagomi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Nakamiya
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K R Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Nakano
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - S Nam
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - C Nattrass
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | | | - J Newby
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Nihashi
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - T Niida
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Nishimura
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - B E Norman
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Nouicer
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Novak
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - N Novitzky
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A S Nyanin
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - C Oakley
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - E O'Brien
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S X Oda
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C A Ogilvie
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Ohnishi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Oka
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Okada
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - O O Omiwade
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - Y Onuki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | - J D Osborn
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - A Oskarsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Ouchida
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Ozawa
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - R Pak
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Pal
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A P T Palounek
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - V Pantuev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - V Papavassiliou
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - B H Park
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - I H Park
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - J Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - J S Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S K Park
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - W J Park
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - S F Pate
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L Patel
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Patel
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Pei
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J-C Peng
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - H Pereira
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D V Perepelitsa
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - G D N Perera
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - V Peresedov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - D Yu Peressounko
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - J Perry
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - R Petti
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C Pinkenburg
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Pinson
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - R P Pisani
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Proissl
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M L Purschke
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A K Purwar
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - H Qu
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - J Rak
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A Rakotozafindrabe
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - B J Ramson
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | | | - K F Read
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Rembeczki
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - M Reuter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K Reygers
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - D Reynolds
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - V Riabov
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - Y Riabov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - E Richardson
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - T Rinn
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D Roach
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - G Roche
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - S D Rolnick
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A Romana
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Rosati
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - C A Rosen
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S S E Rosendahl
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - P Rosnet
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - Z Rowan
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - J G Rubin
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - P Rukoyatkin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - P Ružička
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - V L Rykov
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - B Sahlmueller
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - N Saito
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Sakaguchi
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Sakai
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Sakashita
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - H Sakata
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - H Sako
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - V Samsonov
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - S Sano
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - M Sarsour
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - S Sato
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Sato
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - M Savastio
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S Sawada
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - B Schaefer
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - B K Schmoll
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - K Sedgwick
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J Seele
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - R Seidl
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | | | - V Semenov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - A Sen
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - R Seto
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - P Sett
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - A Sexton
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Sharma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - I Shein
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - A Shevel
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - T-A Shibata
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - K Shigaki
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - H H Shim
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - M Shimomura
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Shoji
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - P Shukla
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - A Sickles
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C L Silva
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - D Silvermyr
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - C Silvestre
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K S Sim
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - B K Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - C P Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - V Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - S Skutnik
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - M Slunečka
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M Snowball
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - T Sodre
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - A Soldatov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R A Soltz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - W E Sondheim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S P Sorensen
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - I V Sourikova
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - F Staley
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P W Stankus
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - E Stenlund
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Stepanov
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - A Ster
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S P Stoll
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Sugitate
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - C Suire
- IPN-Orsay, Universite Paris Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - A Sukhanov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Sumita
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Sun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J Sziklai
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Tabaru
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Takagi
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - E M Takagui
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - A Takahara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Taketani
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Tanabe
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan
| | - S Taneja
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K Tanida
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - M J Tannenbaum
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Tarafdar
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - P Tarján
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - E Tennant
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - H Themann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - D Thomas
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - T L Thomas
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - R Tieulent
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - A Timilsina
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - T Todoroki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - M Togawa
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A Toia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J Tojo
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - L Tomášek
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - M Tomášek
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Y Tomita
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - H Torii
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - C L Towell
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - R Towell
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - R S Towell
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - V-N Tram
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - I Tserruya
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Y Tsuchimoto
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Utsunomiya
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C Vale
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Valle
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - H W van Hecke
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - E Vazquez-Zambrano
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - A Veicht
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J Velkovska
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - R Vértesi
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A A Vinogradov
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - M Virius
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Vossen
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - V Vrba
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - E Vznuzdaev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - M Wagner
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - D Walker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - X R Wang
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Watanabe
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Watanabe
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y S Watanabe
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - F Wei
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - R Wei
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - J Wessels
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - A S White
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - S N White
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Winter
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - C L Woody
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R M Wright
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - M Wysocki
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B Xia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - W Xie
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - L Xue
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - S Yalcin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - Y L Yamaguchi
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - K Yamaura
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - R Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A Yanovich
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - Z Yasin
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J Ying
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - S Yokkaichi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J H Yoo
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - J S Yoo
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - I Yoon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Z You
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - G R Young
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - I Younus
- Physics Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - H Yu
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - I E Yushmanov
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - W A Zajc
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - O Zaudtke
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - A Zelenski
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - C Zhang
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S Zhou
- Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, People's Republic of China
| | - J Zimamyi
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - L Zolin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - L Zou
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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Hui CLM, Lee EHM, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Lin J, Xu JQ, Chen EYH. Delusional disorder and schizophrenia: a comparison of the neurocognitive and clinical characteristics in first-episode patients. Psychol Med 2015; 45:3085-3095. [PMID: 26036591 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291715001051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delusional disorder (DD) is thought to be distinct from schizophrenia (SZ). However, few systematic investigations have been conducted on DD because of the difficulty in ascertaining a representative sample size. Existing knowledge has been mostly generated from inpatient cohorts, which may be biased towards a more severe sample. METHOD We compared the demographic, clinical and cognitive differences between 71 patients with first-episode DD and 71 age-matched patients with first-episode SZ. Participants were consecutively recruited from a population-based territory-wide study of early psychosis in Hong Kong targeting first-episode psychosis. Basic demographic information, premorbid functioning, duration of untreated psychosis, pathways to care, symptomatology, social, occupational, and cognitive functioning were comprehensively assessed using standardized measurements. RESULTS Patients with DD had less premorbid schizoid and schizotypal traits compared to patients with SZ. More patients with DD were married compared to patients with SZ. However, at first episode, there were no significant differences between the two groups in regards to the duration of untreated psychosis, pathways to care, symptom severity, neurocognitive performance, treatment, and functioning. CONCLUSIONS Our findings challenge previous thinking that patients with DD had better functioning than patients with SZ. This study not only provides an updated perspective into conceptualizing the clinical differences between DD and SZ, but also expands the descriptive account of the two disorders to include the neurocognitive dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,China
| | - E H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,China
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,China
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,China
| | - J Lin
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,China
| | - J Q Xu
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,China
| | - E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR,China
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Chen EYH, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Lam MML, Hung SF, Chung DWS, Hui CLM, Wong GHY, Au Yang WS, Tang JYM. Three-year community case management for early psychosis: a randomised controlled study. Hong Kong Med J 2015; 21 Suppl 2:23-26. [PMID: 25852098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong
| | - M M L Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong
| | - S F Hung
- Department of Psychiatry, Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - D W S Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Tai Po Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong
| | - G H Y Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong
| | - W S Au Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong
| | - J Y M Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong
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Chan SKW, So HC, Hui CLM, Chang WC, Lee EHM, Chung DWS, Tso S, Hung SF, Yip KC, Dunn E, Chen EYH. 10-year outcome study of an early intervention program for psychosis compared with standard care service. Psychol Med 2015; 45:1181-1193. [PMID: 25233868 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714002220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite evidence on the short-term benefits of early intervention (EI) service for psychosis, long-term outcome studies are limited by inconsistent results. This study examined the 10-year outcomes of patients with first-episode psychosis who received 2-year territory-wide EI service compared to those who received standard care (SC) in Hong Kong using an historical control design. METHOD Consecutive patients who received the EI service between 1 July 2001 and 30 June 2002, and with diagnosis of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, were identified and matched with patients who received SC first presented to the public psychiatric service from 1 July 2000 to 30 June 2001. In total, 148 matched pairs of patients were identified. Cross-sectional information on symptomatology and functioning was obtained through semi-structured interview; longitudinal information on hospitalization, functioning, suicide attempts, mortality and relapse over 10 years was obtained from clinical database. There were 70.3% (N = 104) of SC and 74.3% (N = 110) of EI patients interviewed. RESULTS Results suggested that EI patients had reduced suicide rate (χ2 (1) = 4.35, p = 0.037), fewer number [odds ratio (OR) 1.56, χ2 = 15.64, p < 0.0001] and shorter duration of hospitalization (OR 1.29, χ2 = 4.06, p = 0.04), longer employment periods (OR -0.28, χ2 = 14.64, p < 0.0001) and fewer suicide attempts (χ2 = 11.47, df = 1, p = 0.001) over 10 years. At 10 years, no difference was found in psychotic symptoms, symptomatic remission and functional recovery. CONCLUSIONS The short-term benefits of the EI service on number of hospitalizations and employment was sustained after service termination, but the differences narrowed down. This suggests the need to evaluate the optimal duration of the EI service.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong
| | - H C So
- Department of Psychiatry,Queen Mary Hospital,Hong Kong
| | - C L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong
| | - E H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong
| | - D W S Chung
- Department of Psychiatry,Tai Po Hospital,Hong Kong
| | - S Tso
- Department of Psychiatry,Castle Peak Hospital,Hong Kong
| | - S F Hung
- Department of Psychiatry,Kwai Chung Hospital,Hong Kong
| | - K C Yip
- Department of Psychiatry,Kowloon Hospital,Hong Kong
| | - E Dunn
- Department of Psychiatry,Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital
| | - E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong
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Weng LC, Chang WC. Does impression management really help? A multilevel testing of the mediation role of impression management between personality traits and leader–member exchange. Asia Pacific Management Review 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmrv.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ching EYN, Lee EHM, Hui CLM, Lin JX, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Chen EYH. Prodromal psychosis: a case series of ten symptomatic patients. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2015; 25:35-41. [PMID: 25829104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This case series provides an account of 10 patients with prodromal psychosis in Hong Kong over the course of 12 months between 2012 and 2014. Patterns of symptoms and functioning levels were noted each month and overall presentation was classified into 4 categories. Four patients' conditions were classified as fluctuating, 3 patients as improved, 2 patients as no change, and 1 patient as transition into psychosis. The noted observations were compared to the current conceptualisation of prodromal psychosis according to the clinical staging model of McGorry and colleagues. This case series provides insights into the condition in an Asian population and provides background data to inform future clinical research and mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Y N Ching
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - E H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J X Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Chan TCW, Chang WC, Hui CLM, Chan SKW, Lee EHM, Chen EYH. Rate and predictors of disengagement from a 2-year early intervention program for psychosis in Hong Kong. Schizophr Res 2014; 153:204-8. [PMID: 24530136 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to examine the prevalence and predictors of disengagement in a longitudinal cohort of first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. METHODS Seven hundred FEP patients aged 15 to 25 enrolled into the Early Assessment Service for Young People with Psychosis (EASY) from 2001 to 2003 were recruited into the study. Data on sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, baseline symptoms and functioning and medication adherence were collected. Rate and predictors of service disengagement were the outcomes of interest. Predictors were examined using Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS Ninety four patients (13%) were disengaged from the EASY program. Fewer negative symptoms at initial presentation, a diagnosis other than schizophrenia-spectrum disorder and poorer medication compliance in the first month of treatment were significant predictors of disengagement from service. CONCLUSIONS Early intervention teams should pay attention to factors associated with disengagement, and monitor at risk patients closely to detect signs of non-adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey C W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
| | - Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Sherry K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Edwin H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Lam LCW, Chan WC, Wong CSM, Chen EYH, Ng RMK, Lee EHM, Chang WC, Hung SF, Cheung EFC, Sham PC, Chiu HFK, Lam M, Chiang TP, van Os J, Lau JTF, Lewis G, Bebbington P. The Hong Kong mental morbidity survey: background and study design. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2014; 24:30-36. [PMID: 24676485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mental disorders are highly prevalent conditions with immense disease burden. To inform health and social services policy formulation, local psychiatric epidemiological data are required. The Hong Kong Mental Morbidity Survey is a 3-year population-based study in which 5700 community-dwelling Chinese adults aged between 16 and 75 years were interviewed with the aim of evaluating the prevalence, co-morbidity, functional impairment, physical morbidity, and social determinants of significant mental disorders in the population. This paper describes the background and design of the survey, and is the first territory-wide psychiatric epidemiological study in Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W C Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C S M Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - E Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - R M K Ng
- Kowloon Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - E H M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S F Hung
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - P C Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - H F K Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M Lam
- Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T P Chiang
- Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J van Os
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J T F Lau
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - G Lewis
- Academic Unit of Psychiatry, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - P Bebbington
- Department of Mental Health Sciences, University College London, London, England
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Huang PS, Chang WC, Huang SC. Müllerian adenosarcoma: a review of cases and literature. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2014; 35:617-620. [PMID: 25556263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mullerian adenosarcoma usually originates in the endometrium and grows as a polypoid mass in post-menopausal women presenting as abnormal vaginal bleeding. This report reviewed Miillerian adenosarcoma cases to clarify the clinical and pathologic characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen cases ofMiillerian adenosarcoma in two medical centers covering a 15-year period were reviewed. Their clinical characteristics, pathologic findings, treatment, and outcomes were compared. RESULTS Of the 15 cases, three originated from the endometrium, six arose from uterine adenomyosis, three from the adnexa, and three from the cervix. There was only one post-menopausal case. One case was of breast cancer with tamoxifen (TMX) therapy. There were four Miillerian adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth (MASO) cases, three of which died within one year after surgery. Only the focal MASO case survived. CONCLUSION The rare variant of MASO is very aggressive and associated with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Taiwan.
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45
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Lai DC, Chang WC, Tam WWY, Hui CLM, Chen EYH. Cognitive and affective perspectives on formation and maintenance of grandiose delusions of a patient with schizophrenia. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2013; 23:160-163. [PMID: 24374488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on a woman with first-episode schizophrenia with grandiose delusions. She developed a bizarre delusion that she was 'Jesus', who had special powers to talk to animals and predict the future. The grandiose delusions were maintained by her positive emotions, positive imagery of becoming an extraordinary person, and cognitive biases. With the application of cognitive and affective model for formulation of an intervention plan, it was found that the patient had improvement in lowered shamefulness about herself and skills of setting appropriate expectations. The assessment and treatment process of this patient shows the value of applying theory to case formulation and making a care plan for the case management service for patients with first-episode psychosis. This report has clear limitations in that it is a discussion of a single patient, and the case formulation is speculative at this time. The formation and maintenance of grandiose delusions are discussed from the cognitive and affective perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Hui CLM, Tang JYM, Wong GHY, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Lee EHM, Chen EYH. Predictors of help-seeking duration in adult-onset psychosis in Hong Kong. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2013; 48:1819-28. [PMID: 23620097 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-013-0688-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Delay in receiving treatment in psychosis may lead to adverse consequences. We examined the predictors for help-seeking duration in adult-onset psychosis Chinese patients in Hong Kong. We hypothesized that factors which are more related to the illness manifestation would be predictive of waiting time before any help-seeking initiation, and factors which are more related to one's knowledge about mental health services would be predictive of help-seeking duration. METHODS First-episode patients with psychosis were recruited from the Jockey Club Early Psychosis project. They were asked to report retrospectively all help-seeking behaviors involved since their first occurrence of psychotic symptoms until receipt of effective psychiatric treatment. Baseline characteristics, pre-morbid functioning and traits, and mode of illness onset were assessed. RESULTS Help-seeking pattern was analyzed in 360 patients who had subsequently reached the psychiatric services. They had an average of 2.5 help-seeking contacts. Nearly half of the first help-seeking process was initiated by family members. Only 1 % approached priests or traditional healers as the first step in help-seeking. Whereas a gradual mode of onset was significantly associated with longer waiting time to first help-seeking initiation, more premorbid schizoid and schizotypal traits and a migrant status were related to longer help-seeking duration. CONCLUSIONS Current findings suggested that family members were the key decision makers in initiating help-seeking. Longer help-seeking duration in migrants has significant implications to both local and global mental health policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, 102, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China,
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Hui CLM, Wong GHY, Tang JYM, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Lee EHM, Lam MML, Chiu CPY, Law CW, Chung DWS, Tso S, Pang EPF, Chan KT, Wong YC, Mo FYM, Chan KPM, Hung SF, Honer WG, Chen EYH. Predicting 1-year risk for relapse in patients who have discontinued or continued quetiapine after remission from first-episode psychosis. Schizophr Res 2013; 150:297-302. [PMID: 23993865 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Relapse is common among patients with psychotic disorders. Identification of relapse predictors is important for decision regarding maintenance medication. Naturalistic studies often identify medication non-adherence as a dominant predictor. There are relatively few studies for predictors where adherence is already known. It is this situation i.e., discontinuation of medication that predictors will be most useful. We identify predictors for relapse in situations of (i) discontinuation and (ii) continuation of maintenance medication. METHOD Analysis of relapse predictors is based on a randomized controlled study (n=178) comparing relapse rates between patients who discontinued or continued medication for at least 1 year following first-episode psychosis. Demographic, clinical and neurocognitive variables were assessed at baseline as predictors of relapse within 1 year. RESULTS Risk of relapse was 79% in the discontinuation group and 41% in the maintenance group. Predictors in the discontinuation group were diagnosis of schizophrenia, poorer semantic fluency performance, and higher blink rate. Predictors in the continuation group were disinhibition soft signs and more general psychopathology symptoms. CONCLUSION Different predictors of relapse were identified for first episode psychosis patients who discontinued and continued maintenance medication. Neurocognitive dysfunctions are important predictors for both groups. While signs of frontal dysfunction and dopamine hyperactivity predict relapse in the discontinuation group, sign of cognitive disinhibition predicts relapse in the continuation group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Chang WC, Hui CLM, Tang JYM, Wong GHY, Chan SKW, Lee EHM, Chen EYH. Impacts of duration of untreated psychosis on cognition and negative symptoms in first-episode schizophrenia: a 3-year prospective follow-up study. Psychol Med 2013; 43:1883-1893. [PMID: 23217676 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291712002838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia. Its relationship with duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), a potentially malleable prognostic factor, has been less studied, with inconsistent findings being observed in the literature. Previous research investigating such a relationship was mostly cross-sectional and none of those prospective studies had a follow-up duration beyond 2 years. Method A total of 93 Hong Kong Chinese aged 18 to 55 years presenting with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorder were studied. DUP and pre-morbid adjustment were measured using a structured interview incorporating multiple sources of information. Psychopathological evaluation was administered at intake, after clinical stabilization of the first psychotic episode, and at 12, 24 and 36 months. Cognitive functions were measured at clinical stabilization, and at 12, 24 and 36 months. RESULTS DUP exerted differential effects on various cognitive domains, with memory deficits being the most related to DUP even when potential confounders including pre-morbid adjustment and sex were adjusted. Prolonged DUP was associated with more severe impairment in visual memory at clinical stabilization and verbal memory at 24 and 36 months. Further, patients with a long DUP were found to have worse outcomes on negative symptoms at 36 months. The effects of DUP on verbal memory remained significant even when negative symptoms were taken into consideration. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provided further supportive evidence that delayed treatment to first-episode psychosis is associated with poorer cognitive and clinical outcomes. In addition, DUP may specifically affect memory function and its adverse impact on verbal memory may only become evident at a later stage of the recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
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Hui CLM, Lee EHM, Chang WC, Chan SKW, Li YK, Lee JTM, Chen EYH. Sexual dysfunction in Chinese patients with first-episode psychosis: prevalence, clinical correlates and functioning. Schizophr Res 2013; 148:181-2. [PMID: 23791026 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Akimoto R, Al-Bataineh H, Al-Ta'ani H, Alexander J, Angerami A, Aoki K, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Aramaki Y, Armendariz R, Aronson SH, Asai J, Asano H, Aschenauer EC, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Baldisseri A, Bannier B, Barish KN, Barnes PD, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Batsouli S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Baumgart S, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Bing X, Blau DS, Boissevain JG, Bok JS, Borel H, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Castera P, Chang BS, Chang WC, Charvet JL, Chen CH, Chernichenko S, Chi CY, Chiba J, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Choi S, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Churyn A, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cleven CR, Cole BA, Comets MP, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Das K, Datta A, Daugherity MS, David G, Deaton MB, Dehmelt K, Delagrange H, Denisov A, d'Enterria D, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dharmawardane KV, Dietzsch O, Ding L, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Dubey AK, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Dzhordzhadze V, D'Orazio L, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Egdemir J, Ellinghaus F, Emam WS, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Eyser KO, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Gadrat S, Gainey K, Gal C, Garishvili A, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gong X, Gonin M, Gosset J, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Guo L, Gustafsson HÅ, Hachiya T, Hadj Henni A, Haegemann C, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Han R, Hanks J, Harada H, Hartouni EP, Haruna K, Hashimoto K, Haslum E, Hayano R, He X, Heffner M, Hemmick TK, Hester T, Hiejima H, Hill JC, Hobbs R, Hohlmann M, Hollis RS, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hori Y, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ide J, Iinuma H, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imrek J, Inaba M, Inoue Y, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Isenhower L, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Javani M, Jia J, Jiang X, Jin J, Jinnouchi O, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kaneta M, Kaneti S, Kang BH, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kanou H, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kasai M, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kikuchi J, Kim BI, Kim C, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim E, Kim EJ, Kim HJ, Kim KB, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kim YK, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss Á, Kistenev E, Kiyomichi A, Klatsky J, Klay J, Klein-Boesing C, Kleinjan D, Kline P, Kochenda L, Kochetkov V, Komatsu Y, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kotov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Krizek F, Kubart J, Kunde GJ, Kurihara N, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kweon MJ, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Layton D, Lebedev A, Lee B, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee K, Lee KB, Lee KS, Lee MK, Lee SH, Lee SR, Lee T, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitgab M, Leitner E, Lenzi B, Lewis B, Li X, Liebing P, Lim SH, Linden Levy LA, Liška T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Love B, Luechtenborg R, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Makek M, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manion A, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Mašek L, Masui H, Masumoto S, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Means N, Mendoza M, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mibe T, Mignerey AC, Mikeš P, Miki K, Miller TE, Milov A, Mioduszewski S, Mishra DK, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mitrovski M, Miyachi Y, Miyasaka S, Mohanty AK, Moon HJ, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Motschwiller S, Moukhanova TV, Mukhopadhyay D, Murakami T, Murata J, Nagae T, Nagamiya S, Nagata Y, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura KR, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Nattrass C, Nederlof A, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nihashi M, Niida T, Norman BE, Nouicer R, Novitzky N, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Ohnishi H, Oka M, Okada K, Omiwade OO, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pal D, Palounek APT, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park BH, Park IH, Park J, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Patel L, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Petti R, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Rembeczki S, Reuter M, Reygers K, Reynolds R, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Romana A, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ružička P, Rykov VL, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakai S, Sakashita K, Sakata H, Samsonov V, Sano M, Sano S, Sarsour M, Sato S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Semenov V, Sen A, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shevel A, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Skutnik S, Slunečka M, Soldatov A, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Soumya M, Sourikova IV, Sparks NA, Staley F, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stepanov M, Ster A, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Sukhanov A, Sun J, Sziklai J, Tabaru T, Takagi S, Takagui EM, Takahara A, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Taneja S, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Tennant E, Themann H, Thomas TL, Todoroki T, Togawa M, Toia A, Tojo J, Tomášek L, Tomášek M, Tomita Y, Torii H, Towell RS, Tram VN, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Tsuji T, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vargyas M, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vossen A, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wagner M, Walker D, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Watanabe YS, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Wolin S, Wood JP, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Yasin Z, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, You Z, Young GR, Younus I, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zaudtke O, Zelenski A, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zimányi J, Zolin L. Medium modification of jet fragmentation in Au+Au collisions at √[s(NN)]=200 GeV measured in direct photon-hadron correlations. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:032301. [PMID: 23909311 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.032301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The jet fragmentation function is measured with direct photon-hadron correlations in p+p and Au+Au collisions at √[s(NN)]=200 GeV. The p(T) of the photon is an excellent approximation to the initial p(T) of the jet and the ratio z(T)=p(T)(h)/p(T)(γ) is used as a proxy for the jet fragmentation function. A statistical subtraction is used to extract the direct photon-hadron yields in Au+Au collisions while a photon isolation cut is applied in p+p. I(AA), the ratio of hadron yield opposite the photon in Au+Au to that in p+p, indicates modification of the jet fragmentation function. Suppression, most likely due to energy loss in the medium, is seen at high z(T). The associated hadron yield at low z(T) is enhanced at large angles. Such a trend is expected from redistribution of the lost energy into increased production of low-momentum particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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