1
|
Leung S, Holbrook A, King B, Lu HT, Evans V, Miyamoto N, Mallari C, Harvey S, Davey D, Ho E, Li WW, Parkinson J, Horuk R, Jaroch S, Berger M, Skuballa W, West C, Pulk R, Phillips G, Bryant J, Subramanyam B, Schaefer C, Salamon H, Lyons E, Schilling D, Seidel H, Kraetzschmar J, Snider M, Perez D. Differential Inhibition of Inducible T Cell Cytokine Secretion by Potent Iron Chelators. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 10:157-67. [PMID: 15799959 DOI: 10.1177/1087057104272394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Effector functions and proliferation of T helper (Th) cells are influenced by cytokines in the environment. Th1 cells respond to a synergistic effect of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) to secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). In contrast, Th2 cells respond to interleukin-4 (IL-4) to secrete IL-4, interleukin-13 (IL-13), interleukin-5 (IL-5), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). The authors were interested in identifying nonpeptide inhibitors of the Th1 response selective for the IL-12/IL-18-mediated secretion of IFN-γ while leaving the IL-4-mediated Th2 cytokine secretion relatively intact. The authors established a screening protocol using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and identified the hydrazino anthranilate compound 1 as a potent inhibitor of IL-12/IL-18-mediated IFN-γ secretion from CD3+ cells with an IC50 around 200 nM. The inhibitor was specific because it had virtually no effect on IL-4-mediated IL-13 release from the same population of cells. Further work established that compound 1 was a potent intracellular iron chelator that inhibited both IL-12/IL-18- and IL-4-mediated T cell proliferation. Iron chelation affects multiple cellular pathways in T cells. Thus, the IL-12/IL-18-mediated proliferation and IFN-γ secretion are very sensitive to intracellular iron concentration. However, the IL-4-mediated IL-13 secretion does not correlate with proliferation and is partially resistant to potent iron chelation
Collapse
|
2
|
Schrezenmeier E, Zollmann FS, Seidel K, Böhm C, Schmerbach K, Kroh M, Kirsch S, Klare S, Bernhard S, Kappert K, Goldin-Lang P, Skuballa W, Unger T, Funke-Kaiser H. Moderate correlations of in vitro versus in vivo pharmacokinetics questioning the need of early microsomal stability testing. Pharmacology 2012; 90:307-15. [PMID: 23037500 DOI: 10.1159/000343241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Putative in vitro-in vivo correlations of pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters are regarded as a prerequisite to filter hits derived from high-throughput screening (HTS) approaches for subsequent murine in vivo PK studies. METHODS In this study, we assessed stabilities in rat and human microsomes of 121 compounds from an early, academic drug discovery programme targeting the (pro)renin receptor and correlated the respective data with single-dose, in vivo PK parameters of 22 hits administered intravenously in rats. RESULTS After transformation of in vitro half-lives to predicted in vivo hepatic clearances, r(2) regarding in vitro-in vivo clearance correlations were 0.31 and 0.27 for the rat and human species, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our data concerning structurally diverse real-world compounds indicate that microsomal stability testing is not a tool to triage early compounds for in vivo PK testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Schrezenmeier
- Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
|
4
|
Schäcke H, Zollner TM, Döcke WD, Rehwinkel H, Jaroch S, Skuballa W, Neuhaus R, May E, Zügel U, Asadullah K. Characterization of ZK 245186, a novel, selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist for the topical treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 158:1088-103. [PMID: 19422381 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00238.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Glucocorticoids are highly effective in the therapy of inflammatory diseases. Their value, however, is limited by side effects. The discovery of the molecular mechanisms of the glucocorticoid receptor and the recognition that activation and repression of gene expression could be addressed separately opened the possibility of achieving improved safety profiles by the identification of ligands that predominantly induce repression. Here we report on ZK 245186, a novel, non-steroidal, low-molecular-weight, glucocorticoid receptor-selective agonist for the topical treatment of inflammatory dermatoses. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Pharmacological properties of ZK 245186 and reference compounds were studied in terms of their potential anti-inflammatory and side effects in functional bioassays in vitro and in rodent models in vivo. KEY RESULTS Anti-inflammatory activity of ZK 245186 was demonstrated in in vitro assays for inhibition of cytokine secretion and T cell proliferation. In vivo, using irritant contact dermatitis and T cell-mediated contact allergy models in mice and rats, ZK 245186 showed anti-inflammatory efficacy after topical application similar to the classical glucocorticoids, mometasone furoate and methylprednisolone aceponate. ZK 245186, however, exhibits a better safety profile with regard to growth inhibition and induction of skin atrophy after long-term topical application, thymocyte apoptosis, hyperglycaemia and hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS ZK 245186 is a potent anti-inflammatory compound with a lower potential for side effects, compared with classical glucocorticoids. It represents a promising drug candidate and is currently in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Schäcke
- Bayer Schering Pharma, Global Drug Discovery, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hoffmann J, Vitale I, Buchmann B, Galluzzi L, Schwede W, Senovilla L, Skuballa W, Vivet S, Lichtner RB, Vicencio JM, Panaretakis T, Siemeister G, Lage H, Nanty L, Hammer S, Mittelstaedt K, Winsel S, Eschenbrenner J, Castedo M, Demarche C, Klar U, Kroemer G. Improved cellular pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics underlie the wide anticancer activity of sagopilone. Cancer Res 2008; 68:5301-8. [PMID: 18593931 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sagopilone (ZK-EPO) is the first fully synthetic epothilone undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of human tumors. Here, we investigate the cellular pathways by which sagopilone blocks tumor cell proliferation and compare the intracellular pharmacokinetics and the in vivo pharmacodynamics of sagopilone with other microtubule-stabilizing (or tubulin-polymerizing) agents. Cellular uptake and fractionation/localization studies revealed that sagopilone enters cells more efficiently, associates more tightly with the cytoskeleton, and polymerizes tubulin more potently than paclitaxel. Moreover, in contrast to paclitaxel and other epothilones [such as the natural product epothilone B (patupilone) or its partially synthetic analogue ixabepilone], sagopilone is not a substrate of the P-glycoprotein efflux pumps. Microtubule stabilization by sagopilone caused mitotic arrest, followed by transient multinucleation and activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Profiling of the proapoptotic signal transduction pathway induced by sagopilone with a panel of small interfering RNAs revealed that sagopilone acts similarly to paclitaxel. In HCT 116 colon carcinoma cells, sagopilone-induced apoptosis was partly antagonized by the knockdown of proapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, including Bax, Bak, and Puma, whereas knockdown of Bcl-2, Bcl-X(L), or Chk1 sensitized cells to sagopilone-induced cell death. Related to its improved subcellular pharmacokinetics, however, sagopilone is more cytotoxic than other epothilones in a large panel of human cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. In particular, sagopilone is highly effective in reducing the growth of paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells. These results underline the processes behind the therapeutic efficacy of sagopilone, which is now evaluated in a broad phase II program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Hoffmann
- Bayer Schering Pharma AG, TRG Oncology, Müllerstrasse 72-178, G-13342 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Winsel S, Hammer S, Buchmann B, Schwede W, Skuballa W, Siemeister G, Klar U, Hoffmann J. SAGOPILONE, A NOVEL EPOTHILONE, INHIBITS TUMOR CELL GROWTH IN PRECLINICAL MODELS OF UROLOGICAL CANCER. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)61407-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
7
|
Li YYY, Bao M, Meurer J, Skuballa W, Bauman JG, Doecke WD, Zollner TM. The identification of a small molecule inhibitor that specifically reduces T cell-mediated adaptive but not LPS-mediated innate immunity by T cell membrane-monocyte contact bioassay. Immunol Lett 2007; 117:114-8. [PMID: 18241931 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2007.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2007] [Revised: 08/19/2007] [Accepted: 08/30/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFalpha and IL-1beta are produced in lesional skin of chronic plaque psoriasis patients, and at other sites of chronic inflammation such as arthritic joints. They play vital roles in maintaining inflammation. It has recently been suggested that activated T cell contact-mediated monocyte activation, leading to the production of proinflammatory cytokines, contributes to the pathogenesis of psoriasis and other chronic inflammatory diseases such as psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Using a T cell membrane-monocyte contact bioassay, we have identified small molecule antagonists that differentially block anti-CD3/anti-CD28 activated T cell-mediated, but not LPS-stimulated, TNFalpha production from monocytes. We selected several kinase inhibitors from the Berlex/Schering kinase library and tested the effect of these compounds in blocking TNFalpha production in the T cell membrane-monocyte contact bioassay. We have demonstrated that one compound BLX-1, from a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor project, inhibited T cell-mediated TNFalpha production from monocytes by about 80%, without any effect on TNFalpha production from LPS-stimulated monocytes. Other BLX-1 analogs showed 32-83% inhibition of TNFalpha production with LPS stimulation as compared to almost 100% inhibition of T cell-mediated TNFalpha production. In contrast, PKC inhibitors BLX-5, Go6983, and Ro-31-8220, inhibited TNFalpha production from both activated T cell membrane- and LPS-stimulated monocytes to the same extent (in the range of 50-100% inhibition). Therefore, the activated T cell membrane-monocyte contact bioassay can be used to screen small molecule antagonists that specifically target adaptive but not LPS-mediated innate immunity. Small molecule TNFalpha inhibitors interfering specifically with activated T cell contact-mediated TNFalpha production from monocytes, but not with LPS-mediated TNFalpha production of myeloid cells, are predicted to have an improved side-effect profile and thus may provide more favorable therapeutics for the treatment of T cell-mediated inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yang Yvonne Li
- CRBA Inflammation, RBA Dermatology USA, Berlex Biosciences, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94804, USA. Yvonne
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Klar U, Buchmann B, Schwede W, Skuballa W, Hoffmann J, Lichtner RB. Titelbild: Total Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of ZK-EPO: The First Fully Synthetic Epothilone in Clinical Development (Angew. Chem. 47/2006). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200690162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
9
|
Klar U, Buchmann B, Schwede W, Skuballa W, Hoffmann J, Lichtner RB. Total Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of ZK-EPO: The First Fully Synthetic Epothilone in Clinical Development. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200602785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
10
|
Klar U, Buchmann B, Schwede W, Skuballa W, Hoffmann J, Lichtner RB. Cover Picture: Total Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of ZK-EPO: The First Fully Synthetic Epothilone in Clinical Development (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47/2006). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200690162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
11
|
Klar U, Buchmann B, Schwede W, Skuballa W, Hoffmann J, Lichtner RB. Total Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of ZK-EPO: The First Fully Synthetic Epothilone in Clinical Development. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:7942-8. [PMID: 17006870 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200602785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Klar
- Schering AG, Research Center Europe, Müllerstrasse 178, 13342 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Bohlmann
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut der Technischen Universität Berlin, D‐1000 Berlin 12, Straße des 17. Juni 135
| | - Werner Skuballa
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut der Technischen Universität Berlin, D‐1000 Berlin 12, Straße des 17. Juni 135
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Klar U, Röhr B, Kuczynski F, Schwede W, Berger M, Skuballa W, Buchmann B. Efficient Chiral Pool Synthesis of the C1-C6 Fragment of Epothilones. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-834936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
14
|
Bäurle S, Blume T, Leroy E, Mengel A, Parchmann C, Schmidt K, Skuballa W. Novel macrocyclic templates by ring enlargement of ansa-steroids. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
15
|
Guilford WJ, Bauman JG, Skuballa W, Bauer S, Wei GP, Davey D, Schaefer C, Mallari C, Terkelsen J, Tseng JL, Shen J, Subramanyam B, Schottelius AJ, Parkinson JF. Novel 3-Oxa Lipoxin A4Analogues with Enhanced Chemical and Metabolic Stability Have Anti-inflammatory Activity in Vivo. J Med Chem 2004; 47:2157-65. [PMID: 15056011 DOI: 10.1021/jm030569l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lipoxin A(4) (LXA(4)) is a structurally and functionally distinct natural product called an eicosanoid, which displays immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity but is rapidly metabolized to inactive catabolites in vivo. A previously described analogue of LXA(4), methyl (5R,6R,7E,9E,11Z,13E,15S)-16-(4-fluorophenoxy)-5,6,15-trihydroxy-7,9,11,13-hexadecatetraenoate (2, ATLa), was shown to have a poor pharmacokinetic profile after both oral and intravenous administration, as well as sensitivity to acid and light. The chemical stability of the corresponding E,E,E-trien-11-yne analogue, 3, was improved over 2 without loss of efficacy in the mouse air pouch model of inflammation. Careful analysis of the plasma samples from the pharmacokinetic assays for both 2 and 3 identified a previously undetected metabolite, which is consistent with metabolism by beta-oxidation. The formation of the oxidative metabolites was eliminated with the corresponding 3-oxatetraene, 4, and the 3-oxatrien-11-yne, 5, analogues of 2. Evaluation of 3-oxa analogues 4 and 5 in calcium ionophore-induced acute skin inflammation model demonstrated similar topical potency and efficacy compared to 2. The 3-oxatrien-11-yne analogue, 5, is equipotent to 2 in an animal model of inflammation but has enhanced metabolic and chemical stability and a greatly improved pharmacokinetic profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William J Guilford
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Berlex Biosciences, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94804, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bäurle S, Blume T, Günther J, Henschel D, Hillig RC, Husemann M, Mengel A, Parchmann C, Schmid E, Skuballa W. Design and synthesis of macrocyclic inhibitors of phosphatase Cdc25B. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:1673-7. [PMID: 15026048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2003] [Revised: 01/19/2004] [Accepted: 01/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Based on molecular modeling studies, macrocyclic inhibitors of phosphatase cdc25B were synthetically derived from steroids. A preliminary SAR for this new template was elaborated. A series of compounds shows inhibition of cdc25B in the low micromolar range and good selectivity versus other phosphatases. The compounds did not show a significant antiproliferative effect in MaTu or HaCaT cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bäurle
- Schering AG, Research Center Europe, D-13342 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bäurle S, Blume T, Mengel A, Parchmann C, Skuballa W, Bäsler S, Schäfer M, Sülzle D, Wrona-Metzinger HP. From rigidity to conformational flexibility: macrocyclic templates derived from ansa-steroids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2003; 42:3961-4. [PMID: 12949881 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200351385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bäurle
- Schering AG, Research Center Europe, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bäurle S, Blume T, Mengel A, Parchmann C, Skuballa W, Bäsler S, Schäfer M, Sülzle D, Wrona-Metzinger HP. Von Rigidität zu konformativer Flexibilität: makrocyclische Template, abgeleitet von Ansa-Steroiden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200351385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
19
|
Lichtner RB, Rotgeri A, Bunte T, Buchmann B, Hoffmann J, Schwede W, Skuballa W, Klar U. Subcellular distribution of epothilones in human tumor cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:11743-8. [PMID: 11562452 PMCID: PMC58800 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.171023398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epothilones are a new class of natural and potent antineoplastic agents that stabilize microtubules. Although 12,13-epoxide derivatives are potent antiproliferative agents, the activities of the corresponding 12,13-olefin analogs are significantly decreased. These data were confirmed for two new analogs, 6-propyl-EpoB (pEB) and 6-propyl-EpoD (pED), in comparison with the natural compounds EpoB/EpoD, by using human A431, MCF7, and MDR1-overexpressing NCI/Adr cells. By using tritiated pEB/pED, compound uptake, release, and nuclear accumulation were investigated in A431 and NCI/Adr cells. In these cells, epothilones can principally be recognized and exported by Verapamil-sensitive efflux pumps, which are not identical to MDR1. The degree of export depends on the structure, olefin vs. epoxide-analog, and also on the intracellular drug concentration. The accumulation of pED used at 3.5 or 70 nM, respectively, was increased in the presence of 10 microM Verapamil in both cell lines 2- to 8-fold. In contrast, the intracellular levels of pEB were affected by Verapamil only at 3.5 nM pEB in NCI/Adr (2-fold) and not in A431 cells. In addition, strong nuclear accumulation was observed for pEB (40-50%) but not paclitaxel or pED (5-15%) in both cell lines. Our study suggests that differences in growth inhibitory efficacy between epoxide and olefin analogs may be based on different mechanisms of drug accumulation and subcellular distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R B Lichtner
- Research Laboratories of Schering AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13342 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
The chemistry and biology of novel TXA2(TP)-receptor agonists based on the prostanoid skeleton is described and structure-activity-relationships are discussed. One compound,(5Z,13E), (9R,15R)-9-fluoro-15-hydroxy-16-phenoxy-17,18,19,20-tetranor- 5,13-prostadienoic acid (33), was identified which is 10 times more potent than the standard TP-receptor against U 46619.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K D Joachim
- Research Laboratories of Schering AG, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Klar U, Pletsch A, Skuballa W, Vorbrüggen H. Synthesis of potent 6-oxo and 9-fluoro-PGE1-derivatives and their biological properties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)80166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
22
|
Petzoldt K, Dahl H, Skuballa W, Gottwald M. Mikrobiologische und Enzymatische Reaktionsstufen in der Synthese von Prostacyclin-Analoga. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.1990199001196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
23
|
|
24
|
|
25
|
Thierauch KH, Stürzebecher CS, Schillinger E, Rehwinkel H, Radüchel B, Skuballa W, Vorbrüggen H. Stable 9 beta- or 11 alpha-halogen-15-cyclohexyl-prostaglandins with high affinity to the PGD2-receptor. Prostaglandins 1988; 35:855-68. [PMID: 2847246 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(88)90112-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Various chemically stable prostaglandin analogues were studied for their affinity towards the PGD2-receptor in human platelet membranes in order to define the requirements for specific ligand binding to this receptor. On replacing the 11- or 9-hydroxyl groups of PGF2 alpha by an 11 alpha- or 9 beta-chloro- or fluoro atom, stable prostaglandin analogues were obtained, which showed high affinity towards the PGD2-receptor. The lower side chain consisted of a 15-cyclohexyl group or of the natural 15-n-pentyl group, other substitutents decreased the affinity substantially. The highest PGD2-mimetic activity with a relative affinity of 0.5 to the PGD2-receptor was found in 9-deoxy-9 beta-chloro-16,17,18,19,20-pentanor-15-cyclohexyl-PGF2 alpha (ZK 110 841, compound 16 in Table 1). ZK 110 841 is a chemically stable crystalline substance, which is orally active and which might thus turn out to be an interesting tool for the study of PGD2-receptor interactions. Some other prostaglandin as well as prostacyclin analogues with a 15-cyclohexyl or 15-n-pentyl group exhibited in addition to their known high affinity to the PGE2-receptor of human uterine membranes or the PGI2-receptor of human platelets also affinities to the PGD2-receptor. Generally, the receptor affinities correlate with the activities as stimulators of adenylate cyclase and inhibitors of thrombin induced elevation of cytoplasmic free calcium as well as their ability to inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation. The PGI2-character regarding the effector systems prevails in compounds with affinity to both the PGI2- and PGD2-receptor. Compounds which bind to the PGE2- and PGD2-receptor show a flat dose response curve regarding platelet activation suggesting a mixture of pro- and antiaggregatory properties within these molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K H Thierauch
- Institute of Pharmacology, Research Laboratories of Schering AG, Berlin, West, Federal Republic of Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Losert W, Loge O, Radüchel B, Skuballa W. NOCLOPROST. DRUG FUTURE 1988. [DOI: 10.1358/dof.1988.013.10.73590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
27
|
Schenker KV, Von Philipsborn W, Anderson Evans C, Skuballa W, Hoyer GA. Assignment of the 5,6-Double-Bond Configuration in Iloprost and Isoiloprost from13C-NMR Shifts Determined by 2D Methods. Helv Chim Acta 1986. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19860690728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
28
|
Skuballa W, Schillinger E, Stürzebecher CS, Vorbrüggen H. Synthesis of a new chemically and metabolically stable prostacyclin analogue with high and long-lasting oral activity. J Med Chem 1986; 29:313-5. [PMID: 2419560 DOI: 10.1021/jm00153a001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
29
|
Stürzebecher S, Haberey M, Müller B, Schillinger E, Schröder G, Skuballa W, Stock G, Vorbrüggen H, Witt W. Pharmacological profile of a novel carbacyclin derivative with high metabolic stability and oral activity in the rat. Prostaglandins 1986; 31:95-109. [PMID: 3513260 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(86)90228-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel carbacyclin derivative (16S)-13,14-dehydro-16,20-dimethyl-3-oxa-18,18,19,19-tetradehydro- 6a- carbaprostaglandin-I2 (3-oxa-analogue) has been synthesized in order to find chemically and metabolically stable prostacyclin-mimetics with a potency equal or even superior to PGI2. The 3-oxa-analogue was found to be stabilized against beta-oxidation, a main metabolic degradation step also for chemically stable PGI2-analogues. The compound is orally available and displays a long duration of 4.5-48 h of antiaggregatory and hypotensive action. The 3-oxa-analogue inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation with an IC50 of 3.0 nM. Following intravenous application the 3-oxa-analogue lowers diastolic blood pressure in a dose dependent manner, the ED20 being 0.1-0.2 micrograms/kg after injection and less than or equal to 0.05 micrograms/kg/min after infusion respectively. In vivo platelet aggregation is inhibited after i.v. infusion of the 3-oxa-analogue with an IC50 of 0.037 micrograms/kg/min. As compared to Iloprost, the 3-oxa-analogue is 5-12 fold more potent with respect to in vivo hypotensive and anti-aggregatory effects. The results of the present studies indicate that the 3-oxa-analogue has a pharmacological profile comparable to prostacyclin (PGI2) and Iloprost. Due to the fact that the 3-oxa-analogue is chemically and metabolically stable, long term oral treatment can be achieved in clinical conditions in which PGI2 and Iloprost have already been shown to be therapeutically useful principles.
Collapse
|
30
|
Brambaifa N, Skuballa W, Schillinger E. In vitro effects of PGF2 alpha and a metabolically stable derivative on 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase activity in corpora lutea isolated from pseudopregnant rat ovaries. Prostaglandins Leukot Med 1984; 15:199-208. [PMID: 6093148 DOI: 10.1016/0262-1746(84)90177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Single intact corpora lutea were isolated from pseudopregnant rat ovaries stimulated with PMSG and HCG. The activity of 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase (20 alpha-OH-SDH) was measured at various stages of pseudopregnancy. The influence of PGF2 alpha or a metabolically stable PGF2 alpha-derivative on this enzyme in vitro was assessed. 20 alpha-OH-SDH activity was low from day 6 to 8, started to rise on day 10 and reached a maximum on day 14 after administration of HCG. The enzyme could be stimulated by the PGF2 alpha-derivative on day 10 and 11 but not on day 6, 8, when basal enzyme activity was still very low or on 12 and 14 of pseudopregnancy when the enzyme had already reached maximal levels. PGF2 alpha or its derivative had no effect on enzyme activity in a cytosolic fraction indicating that particulate cell constituents were required for this process. PGE2 as well as cycloheximide (an inhibitor of protein biosynthesis) were without influence on enzyme stimulation. dB-cAMP but not dB-cGMP decreased enzyme activity. Ca2+ -ions were required for the stimulation of 20 alpha-OH-SDH activity. It is concluded that PGF2 alpha or its stable derivative may modulate ovarian steroid metabolism by acute stimulation of luteal 20 alpha-OH-SDH.
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
Skuballa W, Vorbrüggen H. Ein neuer Weg zu 6a-Carbacyclinen – Synthese eines stabilen, biologisch potenten Prostacyclin-Analogons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19810931218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
33
|
Skuballa W, Vorbrüggen H. A New Route to 6a-Carbacyclins–Synthesis of a Stable, Biologically Potent Prostacyclin Analogue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.198110461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
34
|
Skuballa W, Radüchel B, Loge O, Elger W, Vorbrüggen H. 15,15-Ketals of natural prostaglandins and prostaglandin analogues. Synthesis and biological activities. J Med Chem 1978; 21:443-7. [PMID: 660588 DOI: 10.1021/jm00203a007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis is described of new 15,15-ethylene ketals of natural prostaglandins and prostaglandin analogues. Especially the crystalline trisamine salt of the 15,15-ethylene ketal of 15-dehydro-16-phenoxy-17,18,19,20-tetranorprostaglandin F2alpha is a very active inducer of luteolysis in laboratory animals and cattle.
Collapse
|
35
|
|
36
|
|
37
|
Bohlmann F, Skuballa W, Zdero C, Kühle T, Steirl P. Polyacetylenverbindungen, 187. Über eine neue Photoreaktion von Polyinenen und ein Cyclopropan-Derivat ausCentaurea ruthenica Lam. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1971. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.19717450122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
38
|
|
39
|
|