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Riedinger MA, Mesbah R, Koenders M, Henderickx JGE, Smits WK, El Filali E, Geleijnse JM, van der Wee NJA, de Leeuw M, Giltay EJ. A healthy dietary pattern is associated with microbiota diversity in recently diagnosed bipolar patients: The Bipolar Netherlands Cohort (BINCO) study. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:157-166. [PMID: 38527529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet largely impacts the gut microbiota, and may affect mental and somatic health via the gut-brain axis. As such, the relationship between diet and the microbiota in Bipolar Disorder (BD) could be of importance, but has not been studied before. The aim was therefore to assess whether dietary quality is associated with the gut microbiota diversity in patients with recently diagnosed BD, and whether changes occur in dietary quality and microbiota diversity during their first year of treatment. METHODS Seventy recently (<1 year) diagnosed patients with BD were included in the "Bipolar Netherlands Cohort" (BINCO), and a total of 45 participants were assessed after one year. A 203-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) data yielded the Dutch Healthy index (DHD-15), and the microbiota composition and diversity of fecal samples were characterized by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Associations and changes over time were analyzed using multivariate regression analyses and t-tests for paired samples. RESULTS Included patients had a mean age of 34.9 years (SD ± 11.2), and 58.6 % was female. Alpha diversity (Shannon diversity index), richness (Chao1 index) and evenness (Pielou's Evenness Index) were positively associated with the DHD-15 total score, after adjustment for sex, age and educational level (beta = 0.55; P < 0.001, beta = 0.39; P = 0.024, beta = 0.54; P = 0.001 respectively). The positive correlations were largely driven by the combined positive effect of fish, beans, fruits and nuts, and inverse correlations with alcohol and processed meats. No significant changes were found in DHD-15 total score, nor in microbiota diversity, richness and evenness indexes during one year follow-up and regular treatment. CONCLUSION A healthy and varied diet is associated with the diversity of the microbiota in BD patients. Its potential consequences for maintaining mood stability and overall health should be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Riedinger
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Psychiatric Institute, GGZ Rivierduinen, Outpatient Clinic for Mental Disability and Psychiatry, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - R Mesbah
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Psychiatric Institute, Outpatient Clinic for Bipolar Disorders PsyQ, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Koenders
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Institute of Psychology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J G E Henderickx
- Center for Microbiome Analyses and Therapeutics (CMAT), Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology and Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - W K Smits
- Center for Microbiome Analyses and Therapeutics (CMAT), Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology and Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - E El Filali
- Department of Mood disorders, PsyQ, Parnassia Group, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - J M Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - N J A van der Wee
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M de Leeuw
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Psychiatric Institute, GGZ Rivierduinen, Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Clinic, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - E J Giltay
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Health Campus The Hague, Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands.
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2
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Van Hulst AM, Van der Zwet JCG, Buijs-Gladdines JGCAM, Smits WK, Fiocco M, Pieters R, Van Leeuwen FN, Van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Van den Akker ELT, Meijerink JPP. The role of the mineralocorticoid receptor in steroid-induced cytotoxicity in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica 2024. [PMID: 38205521 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.282928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Not available.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marta Fiocco
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Biomedical data Science, Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Centre
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht
| | | | - Marry M Van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Child Health, UMCU-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht.
| | | | - Jules P P Meijerink
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Presently working at Acerta-Pharma (AstraZeneca), Oss
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3
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Smits WK, Vermeulen C, Hagelaar R, Kimura S, Vroegindeweij EM, Buijs-Gladdines JGCAM, van de Geer E, Verstegen MJAM, Splinter E, van Reijmersdal SV, Buijs A, Galjart N, van Eyndhoven W, van Min M, Kuiper R, Kemmeren P, Mullighan CG, de Laat W, Meijerink JPP. Elevated enhancer-oncogene contacts and higher oncogene expression levels by recurrent CTCF inactivating mutations in acute T cell leukemia. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112373. [PMID: 37060567 PMCID: PMC10750298 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoallelic inactivation of CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) in human cancer drives altered methylated genomic states, altered CTCF occupancy at promoter and enhancer regions, and deregulated global gene expression. In patients with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), we find that acquired monoallelic CTCF-inactivating events drive subtle and local genomic effects in nearly half of t(5; 14) (q35; q32.2) rearranged patients, especially when CTCF-binding sites are preserved in between the BCL11B enhancer and the TLX3 oncogene. These solitary intervening sites insulate TLX3 from the enhancer by inducing competitive looping to multiple binding sites near the TLX3 promoter. Reduced CTCF levels or deletion of the intervening CTCF site abrogates enhancer insulation by weakening competitive looping while favoring TLX3 promoter to BCL11B enhancer looping, which elevates oncogene expression levels and leukemia burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem K Smits
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Carlo Vermeulen
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Hubrecht Institute-KNAW, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rico Hagelaar
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Laboratory of Pathology, St. Jude's Children's Research Hospital, Memphis TN, USA
| | | | | | - Ellen van de Geer
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjon J A M Verstegen
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Hubrecht Institute-KNAW, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Arjan Buijs
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Niels Galjart
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Roland Kuiper
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick Kemmeren
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Charles G Mullighan
- Laboratory of Pathology, St. Jude's Children's Research Hospital, Memphis TN, USA
| | - Wouter de Laat
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Hubrecht Institute-KNAW, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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4
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Van der Zwet JCG, Cordo' V, Buijs-Gladdines JGCAM, Hagelaar R, Smits WK, Vroegindeweij E, Graus LTM, Poort V, Nulle M, Pieters R, Meijerink JPP. STAT5 does not drive steroid resistance in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia despite the activation of BCL2 and BCLXL following glucocorticoid treatment. Haematologica 2023; 108:732-746. [PMID: 35734930 PMCID: PMC9973477 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.280405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological and pathogenic interleukin-7-receptor (IL7R)-induced signaling provokes glucocorticoid resistance in a subset of patients with pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Activation of downstream STAT5 has been suggested to cause steroid resistance through upregulation of anti-apoptotic BCL2, one of its downstream target genes. Here we demonstrate that isolated STAT5 signaling in various T-ALL cell models is insufficient to raise cellular steroid resistance despite upregulation of BCL2 and BCL-XL. Upregulation of anti-apoptotic BCL2 and BCLXL in STAT5-activated T-ALL cells requires steroid-induced activation of NR3C1. For the BCLXL locus, this is facilitated by a concerted action of NR3C1 and activated STAT5 molecules at two STAT5 regulatory sites, whereas for the BCL2 locus this is facilitated by binding of NR3C1 at a STAT5 binding motif. In contrast, STAT5 occupancy at glucocorticoid response elements does not affect the expression of NR3C1 target genes. Strong upregulation of BIM, a NR3C1 pro-apoptotic target gene, upon prednisolone treatment can counterbalance NR3C1/STAT5-induced BCL2 and BCL-XL expression downstream of IL7- induced or pathogenic IL7R signaling. This explains why isolated STAT5 activation does not directly impair the steroid response. Our study suggests that STAT5 activation only contributes to steroid resistance in combination with cellular defects or alternative signaling routes that disable the pro-apoptotic and steroid-induced BIM response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rico Hagelaar
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht
| | | | | | | | - Vera Poort
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht
| | - Marloes Nulle
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht
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5
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Canté-Barrett K, Meijer MT, Cordo' V, Hagelaar R, Yang W, Yu J, Smits WK, Nulle ME, Jansen JP, Pieters R, Yang JJ, Haigh JJ, Goossens S, Meijerink JP. MEF2C opposes Notch in lymphoid lineage decision and drives leukemia in the thymus. JCI Insight 2022; 7:150363. [PMID: 35536646 PMCID: PMC9310523 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.150363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rearrangements that drive ectopic MEF2C expression have recurrently been found in patients with human early thymocyte progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL). Here, we show high levels of MEF2C expression in patients with ETP-ALL. Using both in vivo and in vitro models of ETP-ALL, we demonstrate that elevated MEF2C expression blocks NOTCH-induced T cell differentiation while promoting a B-lineage program. MEF2C activates a B cell transcriptional program in addition to RUNX1, GATA3, and LMO2; upregulates the IL-7R; and boosts cell survival by upregulation of BCL2. MEF2C and the Notch pathway, therefore, demarcate opposite regulators of B- or T-lineage choices, respectively. Enforced MEF2C expression in mouse or human progenitor cells effectively blocks early T cell differentiation and promotes the development of biphenotypic lymphoid tumors that coexpress CD3 and CD19, resembling human mixed phenotype acute leukemia. Salt-inducible kinase (SIK) inhibitors impair MEF2C activity and alleviate the T cell developmental block. Importantly, this sensitizes cells to prednisolone treatment. Therefore, SIK-inhibiting compounds such as dasatinib are potentially valuable additions to standard chemotherapy for human ETP-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariska T Meijer
- Princess Máxima Center for pediatric oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Valentina Cordo'
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rico Hagelaar
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Wentao Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Childen's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States of America
| | - Jiyang Yu
- Computational Biology Department, St. Jude Childen's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States of America
| | - Willem K Smits
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marloes E Nulle
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joris P Jansen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rob Pieters
- Pieters Group, Princess Máxima Center for pediatric oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jun J Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States of America
| | - Jody J Haigh
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Steven Goossens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jules Pp Meijerink
- Meijerink Group, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
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6
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van der Zwet JCG, Buijs-Gladdines JGCAM, Cordo' V, Debets DO, Smits WK, Chen Z, Dylus J, Zaman GJR, Altelaar M, Oshima K, Bornhauser B, Bourquin JP, Cools J, Ferrando AA, Vormoor J, Pieters R, Vormoor B, Meijerink JPP. MAPK-ERK is a central pathway in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia that drives steroid resistance. Leukemia 2021; 35:3394-3405. [PMID: 34007050 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
(Patho-)physiological activation of the IL7-receptor (IL7R) signaling contributes to steroid resistance in pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Here, we show that activating IL7R pathway mutations and physiological IL7R signaling activate MAPK-ERK signaling, which provokes steroid resistance by phosphorylation of BIM. By mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that phosphorylated BIM is impaired in binding to BCL2, BCLXL and MCL1, shifting the apoptotic balance toward survival. Treatment with MEK inhibitors abolishes this inactivating phosphorylation of BIM and restores its interaction with anti-apoptotic BCL2-protein family members. Importantly, the MEK inhibitor selumetinib synergizes with steroids in both IL7-dependent and IL7-independent steroid resistant pediatric T-ALL PDX samples. Despite the anti-MAPK-ERK activity of ruxolitinib in IL7-induced signaling and JAK1 mutant cells, ruxolitinib only synergizes with steroid treatment in IL7-dependent steroid resistant PDX samples but not in IL7-independent steroid resistant PDX samples. Our study highlights the central role for MAPK-ERK signaling in steroid resistance in T-ALL patients, and demonstrates the broader application of MEK inhibitors over ruxolitinib to resensitize steroid-resistant T-ALL cells. These findings strongly support the enrollment of T-ALL patients in the current phase I/II SeluDex trial (NCT03705507) and contributes to the optimization and stratification of newly designed T-ALL treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valentina Cordo'
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Donna O Debets
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center of Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Willem K Smits
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Zhongli Chen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jelle Dylus
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V., Oss, the Netherlands
| | - Guido J R Zaman
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V., Oss, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center of Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Koichi Oshima
- Institute of Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beat Bornhauser
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Pierre Bourquin
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Cools
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics & VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adolfo A Ferrando
- Institute of Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josef Vormoor
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Britta Vormoor
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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7
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Aulin LBS, Koumans CIM, Haakman Y, van Os W, Kraakman MEM, Gooskens J, Smits WK, Liakopoulos A, van Hasselt JGC. Distinct evolution of colistin resistance associated with experimental resistance evolution models in Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 76:533-535. [PMID: 33150358 PMCID: PMC7816166 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkaa450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L B S Aulin
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C I M Koumans
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Y Haakman
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - W van Os
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M E M Kraakman
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Gooskens
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - W K Smits
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A Liakopoulos
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J G C van Hasselt
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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8
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López-Goñi I, Giner-Lamia J, Álvarez-Ordoñez A, Benitez-Páez A, Claessen D, Cortesao M, de Toro M, García-Ruano D, Granato ET, Kovács ÁT, Romalde JL, Sana TG, Sánchez-Angulo M, Sangari FJ, Smits WK, Sturm T, Thomassin JL, Valdehuesa KNG, Zapotoczna M. #EUROmicroMOOC: using Twitter to share trends in Microbiology worldwide. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 366:5521206. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnz141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Twitter is one of the most popular social media networks that, in recent years, has been increasingly used by researchers as a platform to share science and discuss ongoing work. Despite its popularity, Twitter is not commonly used as a medium to teach science. Here, we summarize the results of #EUROmicroMOOC: the first worldwide Microbiology Massive Open Online Course taught in English using Twitter. Content analytics indicated that more than 3 million users saw posts with the hashtag #EUROmicroMOOC, which resulted in over 42 million Twitter impressions worldwide. These analyses demonstrate that free Microbiology MOOCs shared on Twitter are valuable educational tools that reach broad audiences throughout the world. We also describe our experience teaching an entire Microbiology course using Twitter and provide recommendations when using social media to communicate science to a broad audience.
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Affiliation(s)
- I López-Goñi
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, E-31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - J Giner-Lamia
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus Montegancedo-UPM, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid,Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, ETSIAAB, UPM, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Álvarez-Ordoñez
- Departamento de Higiene y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de León, E-24071 León, Spain
| | - Alfonso Benitez-Páez
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology IATA-CSIC. C/Catedràtic Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 7, E-46980 Paterna-Valencia, Spain
| | - D Claessen
- Intitute of Biology, Leiden University, NL-2333 Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M Cortesao
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), D-51147 Cologne, Germany
| | - M de Toro
- Fundacion Rioja Salud, E-26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - D García-Ruano
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, USAL–CSIC, University of Salamanca, E-37002 Salamanca, Spain
| | - E T Granato
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, OX1 3SZ Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Á T Kovács
- DTU Bioengineering, Bacterial Interactions and Evolution group,1 Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - J L Romalde
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - T G Sana
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M Sánchez-Angulo
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Microbiología, University of Miguel Hernández, E-03202 Elche, Spain
| | - F J Sangari
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC) CSIC-University of Cantabria and Department of Molecular Biology, University of Cantabria, E-39011 Santander, Spain
| | - W K Smits
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, NL-2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - T Sturm
- Cabrillo College, Aptos, CA 95003, USA
| | - J L Thomassin
- Biochemistry of Macromolecular Interactions Unit, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75724 France
| | - K N G Valdehuesa
- Department of Energy Science and Technology, Myongji University, 03674 South Korea
| | - M Zapotoczna
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Gachet S, El-Chaar T, Avran D, Genesca E, Catez F, Quentin S, Delord M, Thérizols G, Briot D, Meunier G, Hernandez L, Pla M, Smits WK, Buijs-Gladdines JG, Van Loocke W, Menschaert G, André-Schmutz I, Taghon T, Van Vlierberghe P, Meijerink JP, Baruchel A, Dombret H, Clappier E, Diaz JJ, Gazin C, de Thé H, Sigaux F, Soulier J. Deletion 6q Drives T-cell Leukemia Progression by Ribosome Modulation. Cancer Discov 2018; 8:1614-1631. [PMID: 30266814 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Deletion of chromosome 6q is a well-recognized abnormality found in poor-prognosis T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Using integrated genomic approaches, we identified two candidate haploinsufficient genes contiguous at 6q14, SYNCRIP (encoding hnRNP-Q) and SNHG5 (that hosts snoRNAs), both involved in regulating RNA maturation and translation. Combined silencing of both genes, but not of either gene alone, accelerated leukemogeneis in a Tal1/Lmo1/Notch1-driven mouse model, demonstrating the tumor-suppressive nature of the two-gene region. Proteomic and translational profiling of cells in which we engineered a short 6q deletion by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing indicated decreased ribosome and mitochondrial activities, suggesting that the resulting metabolic changes may regulate tumor progression. Indeed, xenograft experiments showed an increased leukemia-initiating cell activity of primary human leukemic cells upon coextinction of SYNCRIP and SNHG5. Our findings not only elucidate the nature of 6q deletion but also highlight the role of ribosomes and mitochondria in T-ALL tumor progression. SIGNIFICANCE: The oncogenic role of 6q deletion in T-ALL has remained elusive since this chromosomal abnormality was first identified more than 40 years ago. We combined genomic analysis and functional models to show that the codeletion of two contiguous genes at 6q14 enhances malignancy through deregulation of a ribosome-mitochondria axis, suggesting the potential for therapeutic intervention.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1494.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Gachet
- INSERM UMR944 and CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Tiama El-Chaar
- INSERM UMR944 and CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - David Avran
- INSERM UMR944 and CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Hematology Laboratory APHP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Eulalia Genesca
- INSERM UMR944 and CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Catez
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard; Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Samuel Quentin
- INSERM UMR944 and CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Hematology Laboratory APHP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Marc Delord
- Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Gabriel Thérizols
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard; Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Briot
- INSERM UMR944 and CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Hematology Laboratory APHP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Godelieve Meunier
- INSERM UMR944 and CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Hernandez
- INSERM UMR944 and CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marika Pla
- Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM UMRS 940, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Willem K Smits
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica G Buijs-Gladdines
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Isabelle André-Schmutz
- U1163 INSERM, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Tom Taghon
- Cancer Research Institute, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Jules P Meijerink
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - André Baruchel
- Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Hematology Pediatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Dombret
- Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Hematology Department, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Clappier
- INSERM UMR944 and CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Hematology Laboratory APHP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Diaz
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard; Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Claude Gazin
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Direction de La Recherche Fondamentale, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Hugues de Thé
- INSERM UMR944 and CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - François Sigaux
- INSERM UMR944 and CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Hematology Laboratory APHP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Jean Soulier
- INSERM UMR944 and CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France. .,Institute of Hematology (IUH), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Hematology Laboratory APHP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
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10
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Li Y, Buijs-Gladdines JGCAM, Canté-Barrett K, Stubbs AP, Vroegindeweij EM, Smits WK, van Marion R, Dinjens WNM, Horstmann M, Kuiper RP, Buijsman RC, Zaman GJR, van der Spek PJ, Pieters R, Meijerink JPP. IL-7 Receptor Mutations and Steroid Resistance in Pediatric T cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Genome Sequencing Study. PLoS Med 2016; 13:e1002200. [PMID: 27997540 PMCID: PMC5172551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in children. T cell ALL (T-ALL) represents about 15% of pediatric ALL cases and is considered a high-risk disease. T-ALL is often associated with resistance to treatment, including steroids, which are currently the cornerstone for treating ALL; moreover, initial steroid response strongly predicts survival and cure. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying steroid resistance in T-ALL patients are poorly understood. In this study, we combined various genomic datasets in order to identify candidate genetic mechanisms underlying steroid resistance in children undergoing T-ALL treatment. METHODS AND FINDINGS We performed whole genome sequencing on paired pre-treatment (diagnostic) and post-treatment (remission) samples from 13 patients, and targeted exome sequencing of pre-treatment samples from 69 additional T-ALL patients. We then integrated mutation data with copy number data for 151 mutated genes, and this integrated dataset was tested for associations of mutations with clinical outcomes and in vitro drug response. Our analysis revealed that mutations in JAK1 and KRAS, two genes encoding components of the interleukin 7 receptor (IL7R) signaling pathway, were associated with steroid resistance and poor outcome. We then sequenced JAK1, KRAS, and other genes in this pathway, including IL7R, JAK3, NF1, NRAS, and AKT, in these 69 T-ALL patients and a further 77 T-ALL patients. We identified mutations in 32% (47/146) of patients, the majority of whom had a specific T-ALL subtype (early thymic progenitor ALL or TLX). Based on the outcomes of these patients and their prednisolone responsiveness measured in vitro, we then confirmed that these mutations were associated with both steroid resistance and poor outcome. To explore how these mutations in IL7R signaling pathway genes cause steroid resistance and subsequent poor outcome, we expressed wild-type and mutant IL7R signaling molecules in two steroid-sensitive T-ALL cell lines (SUPT1 and P12 Ichikawa cells) using inducible lentiviral expression constructs. We found that expressing mutant IL7R, JAK1, or NRAS, or wild-type NRAS or AKT, specifically induced steroid resistance without affecting sensitivity to vincristine or L-asparaginase. In contrast, wild-type IL7R, JAK1, and JAK3, as well as mutant JAK3 and mutant AKT, had no effect. We then performed a functional study to examine the mechanisms underlying steroid resistance and found that, rather than changing the steroid receptor's ability to activate downstream targets, steroid resistance was associated with strong activation of MEK-ERK and AKT, downstream components of the IL7R signaling pathway, thereby inducing a robust antiapoptotic response by upregulating MCL1 and BCLXL expression. Both the MEK-ERK and AKT pathways also inactivate BIM, an essential molecule for steroid-induced cell death, and inhibit GSK3B, an important regulator of proapoptotic BIM. Importantly, treating our cell lines with IL7R signaling inhibitors restored steroid sensitivity. To address clinical relevance, we treated primary T-ALL cells obtained from 11 patients with steroids either alone or in combination with IL7R signaling inhibitors; we found that including a MEK, AKT, mTOR, or dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor strongly increased steroid-induced cell death. Therefore, combining these inhibitors with steroid treatment may enhance steroid sensitivity in patients with ALL. The main limitation of our study was the modest cohort size, owing to the very low incidence of T-ALL. CONCLUSIONS Using an unbiased sequencing approach, we found that specific mutations in IL7R signaling molecules underlie steroid resistance in T-ALL. Future prospective clinical studies should test the ability of inhibitors of MEK, AKT, mTOR, or PI3K/mTOR to restore or enhance steroid sensitivity and improve clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlei Li
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica G. C. A. M. Buijs-Gladdines
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Canté-Barrett
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew P. Stubbs
- Department of Bioinformatics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric M. Vroegindeweij
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Willem K. Smits
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald van Marion
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martin Horstmann
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Clinic of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Co-operative Study Group for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roland P. Kuiper
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Rob Pieters
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jules P. P. Meijerink
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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11
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Canté-Barrett K, Mendes RD, Smits WK, van Helsdingen-van Wijk YM, Pieters R, Meijerink JPP. Lentiviral gene transfer into human and murine hematopoietic stem cells: size matters. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:312. [PMID: 27306375 PMCID: PMC4910193 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-016-2118-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Contemporary biomedical research increasingly depends on techniques to induce or to inhibit expression of genes in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or other primary cells to assess their roles on cellular processes including differentiation, apoptosis and migration. Surprisingly little information is available to optimize lentiviral transduction of HSCs. We have therefore carefully optimized transduction of murine and human HSCs by optimizing vector design, serum-free virus production and virus quantitation. We conclude that the viral RNA length, even in relatively small vectors, is an important factor affecting the lentiviral gene transfer on the level of both the virus production and the cellular transduction efficiency. Efficient transfer of large gene sequences into difficult-to-transduce primary cells will benefit from reducing the lentiviral construct size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Canté-Barrett
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rui D Mendes
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willem K Smits
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette M van Helsdingen-van Wijk
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Máxima Center of Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jules P P Meijerink
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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12
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Zuurbier L, Gutierrez A, Mullighan CG, Canté-Barrett K, Gevaert AO, de Rooi J, Li Y, Smits WK, Buijs-Gladdines JGCAM, Sonneveld E, Look AT, Horstmann M, Pieters R, Meijerink JPP. Immature MEF2C-dysregulated T-cell leukemia patients have an early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia gene signature and typically have non-rearranged T-cell receptors. Haematologica 2013; 99:94-102. [PMID: 23975177 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2013.090233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Three distinct immature T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia entities have been described including cases that express an early T-cell precursor immunophenotype or expression profile, immature MEF2C-dysregulated T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cluster cases based on gene expression analysis (immature cluster) and cases that retain non-rearranged TRG@ loci. Early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases exclusively overlap with immature cluster samples based on the expression of early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia signature genes, indicating that both are featuring a single disease entity. Patients lacking TRG@ rearrangements represent only 40% of immature cluster cases, but no further evidence was found to suggest that cases with absence of bi-allelic TRG@ deletions reflect a distinct and even more immature disease entity. Immature cluster/early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases are strongly enriched for genes expressed in hematopoietic stem cells as well as genes expressed in normal early thymocyte progenitor or double negative-2A T-cell subsets. Identification of early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases solely by defined immunophenotypic criteria strongly underestimates the number of cases that have a corresponding gene signature. However, early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia samples correlate best with a CD1 negative, CD4 and CD8 double negative immunophenotype with expression of CD34 and/or myeloid markers CD13 or CD33. Unlike various other studies, immature cluster/early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients treated on the COALL-97 protocol did not have an overall inferior outcome, and demonstrated equal sensitivity levels to most conventional therapeutic drugs compared to other pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients.
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13
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Zuurbier L, Petricoin EF, Vuerhard MJ, Calvert V, Kooi C, Buijs-Gladdines JGCAM, Smits WK, Sonneveld E, Veerman AJP, Kamps WA, Horstmann M, Pieters R, Meijerink JPP. The significance of PTEN and AKT aberrations in pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica 2012; 97:1405-13. [PMID: 22491738 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2011.059030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PI3K/AKT pathway mutations are found in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, but their overall impact and associations with other genetic aberrations is unknown. PTEN mutations have been proposed as secondary mutations that follow NOTCH1-activating mutations and cause cellular resistance to γ-secretase inhibitors. DESIGN AND METHODS The impact of PTEN, PI3K and AKT aberrations was studied in a genetically well-characterized pediatric T-cell leukemia patient cohort (n=146) treated on DCOG or COALL protocols. RESULTS PTEN and AKT E17K aberrations were detected in 13% and 2% of patients, respectively. Defective PTEN-splicing was identified in incidental cases. Patients without PTEN protein but lacking exon-, splice-, promoter mutations or promoter hypermethylation were present. PTEN/AKT mutations were especially abundant in TAL- or LMO-rearranged leukemia but nearly absent in TLX3-rearranged patients (P=0.03), the opposite to that observed for NOTCH1-activating mutations. Most PTEN/AKT mutant patients either lacked NOTCH1-activating mutations (P=0.006) or had weak NOTCH1-activating mutations (P=0.011), and consequently expressed low intracellular NOTCH1, cMYC and MUSASHI levels. T-cell leukemia patients without PTEN/AKT and NOTCH1-activating mutations fared well, with a cumulative incidence of relapse of only 8% versus 35% for PTEN/AKT and/or NOTCH1-activated patients (P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS PI3K/AKT pathway aberrations are present in 18% of pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Absence of strong NOTCH1-activating mutations in these cases may explain cellular insensitivity to γ-secretase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Zuurbier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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14
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Veening JW, Smits WK, Hamoen LW, Kuipers OP. Single cell analysis of gene expression patterns of competence development and initiation of sporulation in Bacillus subtilis grown on chemically defined media. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 101:531-41. [PMID: 16907804 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02911.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Understanding the basis for the heterogeneous (or bistable) expression patterns of competence development and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. METHODS AND RESULTS Using flow cytometric analyses of various promoter-GFP fusions, we have determined the single-cell gene expression patterns of competence development and initiation of sporulation in a chemically defined medium (CDM) and in biofilms. CONCLUSIONS We show that competence development and initiation of sporulation in a CDM are still initiated in a bistable manner, as is the case in complex media, but are sequential in their timing. Furthermore, we provide experimental proof that competence and sporulation can develop under conditions that normally do not trigger these processes. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Some pathogens are able to develop natural competence, which is a serious medical problem with the increased acquired multi-drug resistance of these organisms. Another adaptive microbial response is spore formation. Because of their heat resistance and hydrophobicity, spores of a variety of species are of major concern for the food industry. Using the model organism B. subtilis, we show that competence development and sporulation are initiated in a bistable and sequential manner. We furthermore show that both processes may be noise-based, which has major implications for the control of unwanted differentiation processes in pathogenic and food-spoilage micro-organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-W Veening
- Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Haren, The Netherlands
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