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Gu Z, Kuo WP. Editorial: Immunomodulatory Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:725090. [PMID: 35371106 PMCID: PMC8971542 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.725090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Gu
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Zhifeng Gu, ; Winston Patrick Kuo,
| | - Winston Patrick Kuo
- Infectious Diseases, Predicine, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Zhifeng Gu, ; Winston Patrick Kuo,
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2
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Choi PW, Bahrampour A, Ng SK, Liu SK, Qiu W, Xie F, Kuo WP, Kwong J, Hales KH, Hales DB, Wong KK, Norwitz ER, Chow CK, Berkowitz RS, Ng SW. Characterization of miR-200 family members as blood biomarkers for human and laying hen ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20071. [PMID: 33208870 PMCID: PMC7674435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-200 (miR-200) family is highly expressed in ovarian cancer. We evaluated the levels of family members relative to the internal control miR-103a in ovarian cancer and control blood specimens collected from American and Hong Kong Chinese institutions, as well as from a laying hen spontaneous ovarian cancer model. The levels of miR-200a, miR-200b and miR-200c were significantly elevated in all human cancer versus all control blood samples. Further analyses showed significantly higher miR-200 levels in Chinese control (except miR-429) and cancer (except miR-200a and miR141) samples than their respective American counterparts. Subtype-specific analysis showed that miR-200b had an overall elevated level in serous cancer compared with controls, whereas miR-429 was significantly elevated in clear cell and endometrioid cancer versus controls. MiR-429 was also significantly elevated in cancer versus control in laying hen plasma samples, consistent with the fact that endometrioid tumor is the prevalent type in this species. A neural network model consisting of miR-200a/200b/429/141 showed an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.904 for American ovarian cancer prediction, whereas a model consisting of miR-200b/200c/429/141 showed an AUC value of 0.901 for Chinese women. Hence, miR-200 is informative as blood biomarkers for both human and laying hen ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Wah Choi
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,MedTimes Molecular Laboratory Limited, Medtimes Medical Group Limited, Unit B, 7/F Roxy Industrial Centre, Kwai Chung, Hong Kong, China.,WomenX Biotech Limited, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Abbas Bahrampour
- School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shu-Kay Ng
- School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Sze Kei Liu
- WomenX Biotech Limited, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- CloudHealth Genomics Limited, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Xie
- CloudHealth Genomics Limited, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Joseph Kwong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karen H Hales
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Dale B Hales
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA.,Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Kwong-Kwok Wong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Chun Kin Chow
- MedTimes Molecular Laboratory Limited, Medtimes Medical Group Limited, Unit B, 7/F Roxy Industrial Centre, Kwai Chung, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ross S Berkowitz
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shu-Wing Ng
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
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3
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Sasaki H, Furusho H, Rider DB, Dobeck JM, Kuo WP, Fujimura A, Yoganathan S, Hirai K, Xu S, Sasaki K, Stashenko P. Endodontic Infection-induced Inflammation Resembling Osteomyelitis of the Jaws in Toll-like Receptor 2/Interleukin 10 Double-knockout Mice. J Endod 2019; 45:181-188. [PMID: 30711175 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In general, mice develop chronic and nonhealing periapical lesions after endodontic infection. Surprisingly, we recently found that toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/interleukin 10 (IL-10) double-knockout (dKO) mice exhibited acute but resolving osteomyelitislike inflammation. In this study, we examined the kinetics of endodontic infection-induced inflammation in TLR2/IL-10 dKO mice and explored a potential mechanism of periapical wound healing mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) subunit and arginase 1. METHODS TLR2/IL-10 dKO and wild-type C57BL/6J mice were subjected to endodontic infection in the mandibular first molars. Mice were sacrificed on days 0 (noninfected), 10, and 21 postinfection. The extent of bone destruction, inflammation, bone deposition, and gene expression were determined by micro-computed tomographic imaging, histology, bone polychrome labeling, and microarray analysis. In addition, the effect of blocking endogenous HIF-1α was tested in infected TLR2/IL-10 dKO mice using the specific inhibitor YC-1. RESULTS Infected TLR2/IL-10 dKO mice exhibited extensive bone destruction and inflammation on day 10 followed by spontaneous periapical wound healing including bone formation and resolution of inflammation by day 21 postinfection. In contrast, WT mice developed increasing chronic periapical inflammation over the 21-day observation period. Gene expression analyses and immunohistochemistry revealed that HIF-1α and arginase 1 were up-regulated in spontaneous wound healing in TLR2/IL-10 dKO mice. Blocking of HIF-1α in TLR2/IL-10 dKO mice using YC-1 resulted in significant inhibition of regenerative bone formation. CONCLUSIONS The TLR2/IL-10 dKO mouse is a novel model resembling osteomyelitis of the jaws in which HIF-1α and arginase 1 appear to be crucial factors in spontaneous wound healing and bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Sasaki
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Hisako Furusho
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Daniel B Rider
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Justine M Dobeck
- Department of Mineralized Tissue Biology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Winston Patrick Kuo
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Akira Fujimura
- Division of Functional Morphology, Department of Anatomy, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Subbiah Yoganathan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kimito Hirai
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Shuang Xu
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kei Sasaki
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Philip Stashenko
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Endodontics, Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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4
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Liang LG, Kong MQ, Zhou S, Sheng YF, Wang P, Yu T, Inci F, Kuo WP, Li LJ, Demirci U, Wang S. An integrated double-filtration microfluidic device for isolation, enrichment and quantification of urinary extracellular vesicles for detection of bladder cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46224. [PMID: 28436447 PMCID: PMC5402302 DOI: 10.1038/srep46224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are present in a variety of bodily fluids, and the concentration of these sub-cellular vesicles and their associated biomarkers (proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids) can be used to aid clinical diagnosis. Although ultracentrifugation is commonly used for isolation of EVs, it is highly time-consuming, labor-intensive and instrument-dependent for both research laboratories and clinical settings. Here, we developed an integrated double-filtration microfluidic device that isolated and enriched EVs with a size range of 30–200 nm from urine, and subsequently quantified the EVs via a microchip ELISA. Our results showed that the concentration of urinary EVs was significantly elevated in bladder cancer patients (n = 16) compared to healthy controls (n = 8). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated that this integrated EV double-filtration device had a sensitivity of 81.3% at a specificity of 90% (16 bladder cancer patients and 8 healthy controls). Thus, this integrated device has great potential to be used in conjunction with urine cytology and cystoscopy to improve clinical diagnosis of bladder cancer in clinics and at point-of-care (POC) settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Guo Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310029, China
| | - Meng-Qi Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310029, China
| | - Sherry Zhou
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Ye-Feng Sheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310029, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Tao Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310029, China
| | - Fatih Inci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Winston Patrick Kuo
- Harvard Catalyst-Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,CloudHealth Genomics, Ltd, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Lan-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.,Department of Electrical Engineering (By courtesy), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - ShuQi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310029, China.,Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
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Abstract
The management of cancer relies on a combination of imaging and tissue biopsy for diagnosis, monitoring, and molecular classification-based patient stratification to ensure appropriate treatment. Conventional tissue biopsy harvests tumor samples with invasive procedures, which are often difficult for patients with advanced disease. Given the well-recognized intratumor genetic heterogeneity [1], the biopsy of small tumor fragments does not necessarily represent all the genetic aberrations in the tumor, but sampling the entire tumor in each patient is not realistic. Moreover, tumors evolve all the time from local to advanced disease and by adapting to selective pressure from treatment.
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6
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Patrick Kuo W. Journal of Circulating Biomarkers looks forward after being indexed in PubMed Central. J Circ Biomark 2017; 6:1849454417745757. [PMID: 29270236 PMCID: PMC5731615 DOI: 10.1177/1849454417745757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Abstract
During their lifetime, like all other cell types, red blood cells (RBCs) release both exosomes and plasma membrane derived EVs (ectosomes). RBC exosomes are formed only during the development of RBCs in bone marrow, and are released following the fusion of microvesicular bodies (MVB) with the plasma membrane. On the other hand, RBC EVs are generated during normal aging of RBCs in circulation by budding of the plasma membrane due to complement -mediated calcium influx, followed by vesicle shedding. This makes red blood cells and stored red cells a reliable source of EVs for basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Patrick Kuo
- CloudHealth Genomics, Ltd, Shanghai, China. .,Weschester Biotech Project, Asbury Park, NJ, USA.
| | - John C Tigges
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vasilis Toxavidis
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ionita Ghiran
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to review the technologies underlying DNA microarrays and to explore their use in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. STUDY DESIGN: The current literature relating to microarray technology and methodology is reviewed, specifically the use of DNA microarrays to characterize gene expression. Bioinformatics involves computational and statistical methods to extract, organize, and analyze the huge amounts of data produced by microarray experiments. The means by which these techniques are being applied to otolaryngology-head and neck surgery are outlined. RESULTS: Microarray technologies are having a substantial impact on biomedical research, including many areas relevant to otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. CONCLUSIONS: DNA microarrays allow for the simultaneous investigationof thousands of individual genes in a single experiment. In the coming years, the application of these technologies to clinical medicine should allow for unprecedented methods ofdiagnosis and treatment. SIGNIFICANCE: These highly parallel experimental techniques promise to revolutionize gene discovery, disease characterization, and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Eliot Whipple
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195-6515, USA.
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9
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Kuo WP, Wang A, Cheng T, Du P, Jia S. Abstract 1395: Development and validation of NGS-based clinical cancer panels for precision medicine in Asian and Caucasian adult cancers. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-1395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In the new era of precision medicine, comprehensive cancer panels are needed to identify actionable cancer genes and match patients to personalized therapies. Here, we report a Pan-Cancer NGS Panel designed by leaders in the field that comprises of all exon coding and selected hotspots of critical cancer genes in the most common cancer types for both Asian and Caucasian cohorts, including but not limited to lung, colon, breast and prostate cancer. The panel allows detection of known and novel variants in indication-specific signaling pathways, disease biology, DNA repair, and in particular drug resistance, to advance research into personalized cancer treatment and for use in clinical trials to help the development of new targeted therapies. Technical validation was performed to characterize point mutations, indels, copy number variations and fusions across clinically relevant, actionable cancer genes in both liquid biopsies and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) clinical specimens. Assay sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were tested using reference samples with known genetic profiling and further validated on a variety of orthogonal platforms such as digital PCR, allele-specific PCR and Sanger sequencing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ethnic-specific NGS diagnostic test designed specifically for Asian and Caucasian adult cancer patients.
Citation Format: Winston Patrick Kuo, Amy Wang, Tak Cheng, Pan Du, Shidong Jia. Development and validation of NGS-based clinical cancer panels for precision medicine in Asian and Caucasian adult cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1395.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pan Du
- Predicine, Inc, Palo Alto, CA
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10
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Du P, Wang A, Cheng T, Kuo WP. Abstract 3161: Development and implementation of a non-invasive NGS-based diagnostic test for precision medicine in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-3161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The growth and survival of prostate cancer tumors relies primarily on the functioning of the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway. Recent studies suggested that the presence of AR-V7, a c-terminal truncated form of AR, in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is associated with inherent and/or acquired resistance to enzalutamide and abiraterone, the stand of care androgen deprivation therapies in prostate cancer. A series of data also indicate that AR-Vs (eg, including AR-V7, ARv567es, AR-T878A, AR-F876L, and Arv567es) may drive resistance in CRPC. Expression of AR-Vs has been shown to correlate with disease progression and shortened survival and AR-V7 is most abundant in CRPC specimens. Considering that truncated ARs with C-terminal loss (splice variants) lack a functional LBD and are constitutively active, C-terminal AR-directed therapies may not be effective, and novels agents are needed that target mutated ARs including AR-Vs. Circulating tumor cell (CTC)-based AR-V7 tests are currently being tested in the clinic. However, nearly half of the CRPC patients do not have enough CTCs for AR-V7 test, raising the request for a complementary, non-CTC platform to detect AR variants as well as other resistance markers in circulation.
Here we report the successful development of a non-invasive, next generation sequencing-based diagnostics platform that offers comprehensive profiling of genomic alterations in prostate cancer, including splicing variants (such as AR-V7), point mutation, copy number, and translocation using biofluid samples (blood and urine) from CRPC patients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first non-invasive diagnostic test that measures genetic alterations especially AR-V7 in all patients with prostate cancer, regardless of their status of CTC enumeration. The successful development and clinical validation of this test has potential to enable precision medicine in prostate cancer.
Citation Format: Pan Du, Amy Wang, Tak Cheng, Winston Patrick Kuo. Development and implementation of a non-invasive NGS-based diagnostic test for precision medicine in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3161.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Du
- Predicine Inc, Palo Alto, CA
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11
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Rider D, Furusho H, Xu S, Trachtenberg AJ, Kuo WP, Hirai K, Susa M, Bahammam L, Stashenko P, Fujimura A, Sasaki H. Elevated CD14 (Cluster of Differentiation 14) and Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 4 Signaling Deteriorate Periapical Inflammation in TLR2 Deficient Mice. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2016; 299:1281-92. [PMID: 27314637 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Apical periodontitis (periapical lesions) is an infection-induced chronic inflammation in the jaw, ultimately resulting in the destruction of apical periodontal tissue. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are prominent in the initial recognition of pathogens. Our previous study showed that TLR4 signaling is proinflammatory in periapical lesions induced by a polymicrobial endodontic infection. In contrast, the functional role of TLR2 in regulation of periapical tissue destruction is still not fully understood. Using TLR2 deficient (KO), TLR2/TLR4 double deficient (dKO), and wild-type (WT) mice, we demonstrate that TLR2 KO mice are highly responsive to polymicrobial infection-induced periapical lesion caused by over activation of TLR4 signal transduction pathway that resulted in elevation of NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa B) and proinflammatory cytokine production. The altered TLR4 signaling is caused by TLR2 deficiency-dependent elevation of CD14 (cluster of differentiation 14), which is a co-receptor of TLR4. Indeed, neutralization of CD14 strikingly suppresses TLR2 deficiency-dependent inflammation and tissue destruction in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest that a network of TLR2, TLR4, and CD14 is a key factor in regulation of polymicrobial dentoalveolar infection and subsequent tissue destruction. Anat Rec, 299:1281-1292, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rider
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, the Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Hisako Furusho
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Shuang Xu
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, the Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Winston Patrick Kuo
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kimito Hirai
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, the Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Mako Susa
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Laila Bahammam
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Philip Stashenko
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, the Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Akira Fujimura
- Division of Functional Morphology, Department of Anatomy, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8505, Japan
| | - Hajime Sasaki
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, the Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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12
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Jia S, Chiesi A, Kuo WP. Onward to 2016. J Circ Biomark 2016; 5:2. [PMID: 28936250 PMCID: PMC5548305 DOI: 10.5772/62278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Winston Patrick Kuo
- Predicine Holdings Ltd, Hayward, CA, USA.,BioPharma Research Council, Tinton Falls, NJ, USA
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13
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Nimmagadda S, Buchtová M, Fu K, Geetha-Loganathan P, Hosseini-Farahabadi S, Trachtenberg AJ, Kuo WP, Vesela I, Richman JM. Identification and functional analysis of novel facial patterning genes in the duplicated beak chicken embryo. Dev Biol 2015; 407:275-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Abstract
Over the past decade, it has become evident that the microbiome is an important environmental factor that affects many physiological processes, such as cell proliferation and differentiation, behaviour, immune function and metabolism. More importantly, it may contribute to a wide variety of diseases, including cancer, inflammatory diseases, metabolic diseases and responses to pathogens. We expect that international, integrative and interdisciplinary translational research teams, along with the emergence of FDA-approved platforms, will set the framework for microbiome-based therapeutics and diagnostics. We recognize that the microbiome ecosystem offers new promise for personalized/precision medicine and targeted treatment for a variety of diseases. The short course was held as a four-session webinar series in April 2015, taught by pioneers and experts in the microbiome ecosystem, covering a broad range of topics from the healthy microbiome to the effects of an altered microbiome from neonates to adults and the long term effects as it is related to disease, from asthma to cancer. We have learned to appreciate how beneficial our microbes are in breaking down our food, fighting off infections and nurturing our immune system, and this information provides us with ideas as to how we can manipulate our microbiome to prevent certain diseases. However, given the variety of applications, there are scientific challenges, though there are very promising areas in reference to the clinical benefits of understanding more about our microbiome, whether in our gut or on our skin: the outlook is bright. A summary of the short course is presented as a meeting dispatch.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Camilia R Martin
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Romina Goldszmid
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, USA
| | | | - Joanne Gere
- BioPharma Research Council, Tinton Falls, NJ, USA
| | - Howard Young
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, USA
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15
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Abstract
This editorial article summarizes the achievements and current challenges for the Journal of Circulating Biomarkers (JCB) regarding a more strategic approach to branding and attracting a high quality variety of articles. More emphasis is placed on fostering engagement with academic and industry sources operating at the cutting-edge of translational technologies applied to the field of circulating biomarkers (interface between extracellular vesicles including exosomes and microvesicles, circulating tumour cells, cell-free circulating DNA and circulating protein markers) and with those in the investment arena seeking and providing private funding for this area of research.
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Dettenhofer M, Kuo WP. Turning the Page to Year 2016. Nanobiomedicine (Rij) 2015; 2:11. [PMID: 29942375 PMCID: PMC5997370 DOI: 10.5772/62174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
As we conclude another year (2015), Volume 2 completed, we are pleased with the number of quality published manuscripts. We are also excited to announce Nanobiomedicine has been indexed in DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals) (https://doaj.org/toc/1849-5435)! This was in part attributed with the help of our Special Editor, Dr. Barbara Smith, who spearheaded manuscripts highlighting innovative results that impacted the global health spectrum implementing new methods for disease diagnosis, including technological and product development for enhanced point-of-care and personalized health care. Dr. Smith undertook this endeavor as she transitioned from a post-doc position (from George Whitesides' lab at Harvard University) to a faculty position at Arizona State, getting acclimated and setting up her laboratory. We want to thank Dr. Smith for her time and commitment to our journal. It's worth noting, we had a high number of submissions throughout the year, however, the expectations of the manuscripts not published fell short due to our review process, indicating the emphasis of publishing high quality manuscripts. We thank all the reviewers for their time and feedback.
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Abstract
This editorial article summarizes last year's achievements and current plans for 2015 that focuses on attracting a high quality, variety of articles with more emphasis in engaging with academia and industry in the field of nanotechnology and biomedical research.
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Zocco D, Ferruzzi P, Cappello F, Kuo WP, Fais S. Extracellular vesicles as shuttles of tumor biomarkers and anti-tumor drugs. Front Oncol 2014; 4:267. [PMID: 25340037 PMCID: PMC4189328 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) include vesicles released by either normal or tumor cells. EV may exceed the nanometric scale (microvesicles), or to be within the nanoscale, also called exosomes. Thus, it appears that only exosomes and larger vesicles may have the size for potential applications in nanomedicine, in either disease diagnosis or therapy. This is of particular interest for research in cancer, also because the vast majority of existing data on EV are coming from pre-clinical and clinical oncology. We know that the microenvironmental features of cancer may favor cell-to-cell paracrine communication through EV, but EV have been purified, characterized, and quantified from plasma of tumor patients as well, thus suggesting that EV may have a role in promoting and maintaining cancer dissemination and progression. These observations are prompting research efforts to evaluate the use of nanovesicles as tumor biomarkers. Moreover, EVs are emerging as natural delivery systems and in particular, exosomes may represent the ideal natural nanoshuttles for new and old anti-tumor drugs. However, much is yet to be understood about the role of EV in oncology and this article aims to discuss the future of EV in cancer on the basis of current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesco Cappello
- Human Anatomy Section, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Palermo and Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | | | - Stefano Fais
- Anti-Tumour Drugs Section, Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, National Institute of Health , Rome , Italy
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in human saliva have recently demonstrated to be potential biomarkers for diagnosis purposes. However, lack of well-characterized/matched clinical groups and lack of suitable endogenous control (EC) for salivary extracellular miRNA detection and normalization are among the restrictions of applying salivary-based miRNA biomarker discovery. In the present study, we examined the differential expression pattern of miRNAs among 4 groups of subjects-including patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), patients with OSCC in remission (OSCC-R), patients with oral lichen planus, and healthy controls (HCs)-using a genomewide high-throughput miRNA microarray. First, we systematically screened 10 pooling samples and 34 individual samples of different groups to find a proper EC miRNA. We then investigated the genomewide expression patterns of differentially expressed miRNAs in saliva of different groups using NanoString nCounter miRNA expression assay and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, followed by construction of receiver operating characteristic curves to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. We identified miRNA-191 as a suitable EC miRNA with minimal intergroup and intragroup variability, and we used it for normalization. Of more than 700 miRNAs tested, 13 were identified as being significantly deregulated in saliva of OSCC patients compared to HCs: 11 miRNAs were underexpressed (miRNA-136, miRNA-147, miRNA-1250, miRNA-148a, miRNA-632, miRNA-646, miRNA668, miRNA-877, miRNA-503, miRNA-220a, miRNA-323-5p), and 2 miRNAs were overexpressed (miRNA-24, miRNA-27b). MiRNA-136 was underexpressed in both OSCC vs. HCs and OSCC vs. OSCC-R. MiRNA-27b levels were significantly higher in OSCC patients compared to those found in HCs, patients with OSCC-R, and patients with oral lichen planus and served as a characteristic biomarker of OSCC. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that miRNA-27b could be a valuable biomarker for distinguishing OSCC patients from the other groups. Our novel findings established a reliable EC miRNA for salivary-based diagnostic and indicate that the salivary miRNA profiles are discriminatory in OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Momen-Heravi
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA Harvard Catalyst Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - A J Trachtenberg
- Harvard Catalyst Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - W P Kuo
- Harvard Catalyst Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Y S Cheng
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Texas A&M University-Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
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Momen-Heravi F, Balaj L, Alian S, Mantel PY, Halleck AE, Trachtenberg AJ, Soria CE, Oquin S, Bonebreak CM, Saracoglu E, Skog J, Kuo WP. Current methods for the isolation of extracellular vesicles. Biol Chem 2014; 394:1253-62. [PMID: 23770532 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2013-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 414] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles and exosomes, are nano- to micron-sized vesicles, which may deliver bioactive cargos that include lipids, growth factors and their receptors, proteases, signaling molecules, as well as mRNA and non-coding RNA, released from the cell of origin, to target cells. EVs are released by all cell types and likely induced by mechanisms involved in oncogenic transformation, environmental stimulation, cellular activation, oxidative stress, or death. Ongoing studies investigate the molecular mechanisms and mediators of EVs-based intercellular communication at physiological and oncogenic conditions with the hope of using this information as a possible source for explaining physiological processes in addition to using them as therapeutic targets and disease biomarkers in a variety of diseases. A major limitation in this evolving discipline is the hardship and the lack of standardization for already challenging techniques to isolate EVs. Technical advances have been accomplished in the field of isolation with improving knowledge and emerging novel technologies, including ultracentrifugation, microfluidics, magnetic beads and filtration-based isolation methods. In this review, we will discuss the latest advances in methods of isolation methods and production of clinical grade EVs as well as their advantages and disadvantages, and the justification for their support and the challenges that they encounter.
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Zhao JJ, Lin J, Zhu D, Wang X, Brooks D, Chen M, Chu ZB, Takada K, Ciccarelli B, Admin S, Tao J, Tai YT, Treon S, Pinkus G, Kuo WP, Hideshima T, Bouxsein M, Munshi N, Anderson K, Carrasco R. miR-30-5p functions as a tumor suppressor and novel therapeutic tool by targeting the oncogenic Wnt/β-catenin/BCL9 pathway. Cancer Res 2014; 74:1801-13. [PMID: 24599134 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-3311-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling underlies the pathogenesis of a broad range of human cancers, including the deadly plasma cell cancer multiple myeloma. In this study, we report that downregulation of the tumor suppressor microRNA miR-30-5p is a frequent pathogenetic event in multiple myeloma. Evidence was developed that miR-30-5p downregulation occurs as a result of interaction between multiple myeloma cells and bone marrow stromal cells, which in turn enhances expression of BCL9, a transcriptional coactivator of the Wnt signaling pathway known to promote multiple myeloma cell proliferation, survival, migration, drug resistance, and formation of multiple myeloma cancer stem cells. The potential for clinical translation of strategies to re-express miR-30-5p as a therapeutic approach was further encouraged by the capacity of miR-30c and miR-30 mix to reduce tumor burden and metastatic potential in vivo in three murine xenograft models of human multiple myeloma without adversely affecting associated bone disease. Together, our findings offer a preclinical rationale to explore miR-30-5p delivery as an effective therapeutic strategy to eradicate multiple myeloma cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Zhao
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Medical Oncology; Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard School of Public Health; Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital; Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; and Experimental Therapies, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Florida; and Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Jia S, Zocco D, Samuels ML, Chou MF, Chammas R, Skog J, Zarovni N, Momen-Heravi F, Kuo WP. Emerging technologies in extracellular vesicle-based molecular diagnostics. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 14:307-21. [PMID: 24575799 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2014.893828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, have been shown to carry a variety of biomacromolecules including mRNA, microRNA and other non-coding RNAs. Within the past 5 years, EVs have emerged as a promising minimally invasive novel source of material for molecular diagnostics. Although EVs can be easily identified and collected from biological fluids, further research and proper validation is needed in order for them to be useful in the clinical setting. In addition, innovative and more efficient means of nucleic acid profiling are needed to facilitate investigations into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of EV function and to establish their potential as useful clinical biomarkers and therapeutic tools. In this article, we provide an overview of recent technological improvements in both upstream EV isolation and downstream analytical technologies, including digital PCR and next generation sequencing, highlighting future prospects for EV-based molecular diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shidong Jia
- Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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Kuo WP. Applications of ultra-high pressure in biotechnology: a symposium. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/epr.10.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Balaj L, Momen-Heravi F, Chen W, Sivaraman S, Zhang X, Ludwig N, Meese E, Wurdinger T, Noske D, Charest A, Hochberg FH, Vandertop P, Skog J, Kuo WP. Detection of Human c-Myc and EGFR Amplifications in Circulating Extracellular Vesicles in Mouse Tumour Models. J Circ Biomark 2014. [DOI: 10.5772/59174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leonora Balaj
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam Cancer Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Fatemeh Momen-Heravi
- Formerly at Harvard Catalyst Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, USA
| | - Weilin Chen
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarada Sivaraman
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole Ludwig
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical School, Saarland University, Homburg-Saar, Germany
| | - Eckart Meese
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical School, Saarland University, Homburg-Saar, Germany
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam Cancer Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - David Noske
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam Cancer Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alain Charest
- Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts University, Boston MA, USA
| | - Fred H. Hochberg
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Vandertop
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam Cancer Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johan Skog
- Exosome Diagnostics Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Winston Patrick Kuo
- Formerly at Harvard Catalyst Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, USA
- Formerly at Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- IES Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Lötvall J, Skog J, Vlassov AV, Sacido AA, Rohde E, Gere J, Kuo WP. Short Course in Extracellular Vesicles — The Transition from Tissue to Liquid Biopsies. J Circ Biomark 2014. [DOI: 10.5772/60053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Lötvall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Angel Ayuso Sacido
- Thoracic and Brain Tumour Laboratory, CIOCC-IMMA, Fundacion Hospital de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Rohde
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Salzburg, Austria
- Transfusion Medicine Department, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Joanne Gere
- BioPharma Research Council, Tinton Falls, NJ, USA
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Sipert CR, Morandini AC, Dionísio TJ, Machado MAAM, Oliveira SHP, Campanelli AP, Kuo WP, Santos CF. In vitro regulation of CCL3 and CXCL12 by bacterial by-products is dependent on site of origin of human oral fibroblasts. J Endod 2013; 40:95-100. [PMID: 24331998 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Production of chemokines by tissue resident cells is one of the main mechanisms involved in the inflammatory infiltrate formation during inflammation. The specific ability of fibroblasts from different oral tissues such as gingiva, periodontal ligament, and dental pulp from permanent and deciduous teeth in producing the chemokines CCL3 and CXCL12 under stimulation by bacterial products commonly found in endodontic infections was investigated. METHODS Cultures of fibroblasts from gingiva and periodontal ligament as well as from dental pulp from permanent and deciduous teeth were established by using an explant technique and stimulated with increasing concentrations of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (EcLPS) and Enterococcus faecalis lipoteichoic acid (EfLTA) for 1, 6, and 24 hours. Supernatants were tested for CCL3 and CXCL12 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS In general, CCL3 production was induced by EcLPS in the 4 fibroblast subtypes and by EfLTA in fibroblasts from gingiva and periodontal ligament. Constitutive CXCL12 synthesis decreased in all fibroblast subtypes especially under stimulation with EcLPS. Fibroblast from permanent deciduous teeth was the cell type presenting the most expressive reduction in CXCL12 release by both stimuli. On the basis of computational matching of CXCL12 mRNA with the microRNAs miR-141 and miR-200a, their expression was also investigated. Although detected in the fibroblasts, these molecules remained unaltered by bacterial by-product stimulation. CONCLUSIONS EcLPS and EfLTA induced the production of CCL3 and unbalanced the synthesis of CXCL12 in a manner dependent on the specific tissue origin of fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Renata Sipert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Morandini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago José Dionísio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Helena Penha Oliveira
- Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Campanelli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Winston Patrick Kuo
- Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center, Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Harvard Medical School and Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carlos Ferreira Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Wang G, Lunardi A, Zhang J, Chen Z, Ala U, Webster KA, Tay Y, Gonzalez-Billalabeitia E, Egia A, Shaffer DR, Carver B, Liu XS, Taulli R, Kuo WP, Nardella C, Signoretti S, Cordon-Cardo C, Gerald WL, Pandolfi PP. Zbtb7a suppresses prostate cancer through repression of a Sox9-dependent pathway for cellular senescence bypass and tumor invasion. Nat Genet 2013; 45:739-746. [PMID: 23727861 PMCID: PMC4036521 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lrf has been previously described as a powerful proto-oncogene. Here we surprisingly demonstrate that Lrf plays a critical oncosuppressive role in the prostate. Prostate specific inactivation of Lrf leads to a dramatic acceleration of Pten-loss-driven prostate tumorigenesis through a bypass of Pten-loss-induced senescence (PICS). We show that LRF physically interacts with and functionally antagonizes SOX9 transcriptional activity on key target genes such as MIA, which is involved in tumor cell invasion, and H19, a long non-coding RNA precursor for an Rb-targeting miRNA. Inactivation of Lrf in vivo leads to Rb down-regulation, PICS bypass and invasive prostate cancer. Importantly, we found that LRF is genetically lost, as well as down-regulated at both the mRNA and protein levels in a subset of human advanced prostate cancers. Thus, we identify LRF as a context-dependent cancer gene that can act as an oncogene in some contexts but also displays oncosuppressive-like activity in Pten−/− tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocan Wang
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.,BCMB Program, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, New York 10021.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA.,Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Andrea Lunardi
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Jiangwen Zhang
- FAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Zhenbang Chen
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA.,Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Ugo Ala
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Kaitlyn A Webster
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Yvonne Tay
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Enrique Gonzalez-Billalabeitia
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Ainara Egia
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - David R Shaffer
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA.,Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Brett Carver
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Xue-Song Liu
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Riccardo Taulli
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Winston Patrick Kuo
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School Of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Caterina Nardella
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA.,Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA.,Preclinical Murine Pharmacogenetics Facility, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sabina Signoretti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. MA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - William L Gerald
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.,BCMB Program, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, New York 10021.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA.,Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
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Wang S, Wang L, Bayaxi N, Li J, Verhaegh W, Janevski A, Varadan V, Ren Y, Merkle D, Meng X, Gao X, Wang H, Ren J, Kuo WP, Dimitrova N, Wu Y, Zhu H. A microRNA panel to discriminate carcinomas from high-grade intraepithelial neoplasms in colonoscopy biopsy tissue. Gut 2013; 62:280-9. [PMID: 22535378 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is a challenge to differentiate invasive carcinomas from high-grade intraepithelial neoplasms in colonoscopy biopsy tissues. In this study, microRNA profiles were evaluated in the transformation of colorectal carcinogenesis to discover new molecular markers for identifying a carcinoma in colonoscopy biopsy tissues where the presence of stromal invasion cells is not detectable by microscopic analysis. METHODS The expression of 723 human microRNAs was measured in laser capture microdissected epithelial tumours from 133 snap-frozen surgical colorectal specimens. Three well-known classification algorithms were used to derive candidate biomarkers for discriminating carcinomas from adenomas. Quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR was then used to validate the candidates in an independent cohort of macrodissected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded colorectal tissue samples from 91 surgical resections. The biomarkers were applied to differentiate carcinomas from high-grade intraepithelial neoplasms in 58 colonoscopy biopsy tissue samples with stromal invasion cells undetectable by microscopy. RESULTS One classifier of 14 microRNAs was identified with a prediction accuracy of 94.1% for discriminating carcinomas from adenomas. In formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded surgical tissue samples, a combination of miR-375, miR-424 and miR-92a yielded an accuracy of 94% (AUC=0.968) in discriminating carcinomas from adenomas. This combination has been applied to differentiate carcinomas from high-grade intraepithelial neoplasms in colonoscopy biopsy tissues with an accuracy of 89% (AUC=0.918). CONCLUSIONS This study has found a microRNA panel that accurately discriminates carcinomas from high-grade intraepithelial neoplasms in colonoscopy biopsy tissues. This microRNA panel has considerable clinical value in the early diagnosis and optimal surgical decision-making of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Momen-Heravi F, Balaj L, Alian S, Tigges J, Toxavidis V, Ericsson M, Distel RJ, Ivanov AR, Skog J, Kuo WP. Alternative methods for characterization of extracellular vesicles. Front Physiol 2012; 3:354. [PMID: 22973237 PMCID: PMC3435888 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (ECVs) are nano-sized vesicles released by all cells in vitro as well as in vivo. Their role has been implicated mainly in cell–cell communication, but also in disease biomarkers and more recently in gene delivery. They represent a snapshot of the cell status at the moment of release and carry bioreactive macromolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. A major limitation in this emerging new field is the availability/awareness of techniques to isolate and properly characterize ECVs. The lack of gold standards makes comparing different studies very difficult and may potentially hinder some ECVs-specific evidence. Characterization of ECVs has also recently seen many advances with the use of Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, flow cytometry, cryo-electron microscopy instruments, and proteomic technologies. In this review, we discuss the latest developments in translational technologies involving characterization methods including the facts in their support and the challenges they face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Momen-Heravi
- Harvard Catalyst Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
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Momen-Heravi F, Balaj L, Alian S, Trachtenberg AJ, Hochberg FH, Skog J, Kuo WP. Impact of biofluid viscosity on size and sedimentation efficiency of the isolated microvesicles. Front Physiol 2012; 3:162. [PMID: 22661955 PMCID: PMC3362089 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles are nano-sized lipid vesicles released by all cells in vivo and in vitro. They are released physiologically under normal conditions but their rate of release is higher under pathological conditions such as tumors. Once released they end up in the systemic circulation and have been found and characterized in all biofluids such as plasma, serum, cerebrospinal fluid, breast milk, ascites, and urine. Microvesicles represent the status of the donor cell they are released from and they are currently under intense investigation as a potential source for disease biomarkers. Currently, the “gold standard” for isolating microvesicles is ultracentrifugation, although alternative techniques such as affinity purification have been explored. Viscosity is the resistance of a fluid to a deforming force by either shear or tensile stress. The different chemical and molecular compositions of biofluids have an effect on its viscosity and this could affect movements of the particles inside the fluid. In this manuscript we addressed the issue of whether viscosity has an effect on sedimentation efficiency of microvesicles using ultracentrifugation. We used different biofluids and spiked them with polystyrene beads and assessed their recovery using the Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis. We demonstrate that MVs recovery inversely correlates with viscosity and as a result, sample dilutions should be considered prior to ultracentrifugation when processing any biofluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Momen-Heravi
- Harvard Catalyst Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
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Trachtenberg AJ, Robert JH, Abdalla AE, Fraser A, He SY, Lacy JN, Rivas-Morello C, Truong A, Hardiman G, Ohno-Machado L, Liu F, Hovig E, Kuo WP. A primer on the current state of microarray technologies. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 802:3-17. [PMID: 22130870 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-400-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
DNA microarray technology has been used for genome-wide gene expression studies that incorporate molecular genetics and computer science analyses on massive levels. The availability of microarrays permit the simultaneous analysis of tens of thousands of genes for the purposes of gene discovery, disease diagnosis, improved drug development, and therapeutics tailored to specific disease processes. In this chapter, we provide an overview on the current state of common microarray technologies and platforms. Since many genes contribute to normal functioning, research efforts are moving from the search for a disease-specific gene to the understanding of the biochemical and molecular functioning of a variety of genes whose disrupted interaction in complicated networks can lead to a disease state. The field of microarrays has evolved over the past decade and is now standardized with a high level of quality control, while providing a relatively inexpensive and reliable alternative to studying various aspects of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Trachtenberg
- Harvard Catalyst - Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Perera M, Tsang CS, Distel RJ, Lacy JN, Ohno-Machado L, Ricchiuti V, Samaranayake LP, Smejkal GB, Smith MG, Trachtenberg AJ, Kuo WP. TGF-beta1 interactome: metastasis and beyond. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2010; 7:217-229. [PMID: 20656987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitous cytokine transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is one of the most potent metastatic inducers. Functional interactomic mapping using high-throughput proteomic and genomic data provides valuable insights into the regulation of tumor suppressive and metastatic attributes of TGF-beta1. Polarity changes of the TGF-beta1 interactome at a given time contributes to these contrasting effects. Differential expression profiles of pivotal interactomic nodes contribute to these polarity changes. These insights are of immense value in the development of effective cancer therapeutics. Moreover, TGF-beta1 interactomic nodes are useful in discovering novel cancer biomarkers. This review describes an initial version of the TGF-beta1 interactome in relation to tumor progression and metastasis. Thus, this review embodies an important step towards the mapping of comprehensive and individualized TGF-beta1 interactomes that will assist in the development of personalized cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Perera
- University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Buchtová M, Kuo WP, Nimmagadda S, Benson SL, Geetha-Loganathan P, Logan C, Au-Yeung T, Chiang E, Fu K, Richman JM. Whole genome microarray analysis of chicken embryo facial prominences. Dev Dyn 2010; 239:574-91. [PMID: 19941351 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.22135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The face is one of the three regions most frequently affected by congenital defects in humans. To understand the molecular mechanisms involved, it is necessary to have a more complete picture of gene expression in the embryo. Here, we use microarrays to profile expression in chicken facial prominences, post neural crest migration and before differentiation of mesenchymal cells. Chip-wide analysis revealed that maxillary and mandibular prominences had similar expression profiles while the frontonasal mass chips were distinct. Of the 3094 genes that were differentially expressed in one or more regions of the face, a group of 56 genes was subsequently validated with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) and a subset examined with in situ hybridization. Microarrays trends were consistent with the QPCR data for the majority of genes (81%). On the basis of QPCR and microarray data, groups of genes that characterize each of the facial prominences can be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Buchtová
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Kuo WP. Guest editorial: placing enabling technologies at the forefront of translational research. J Appl Oral Sci 2009; 17:S1678-77572009000400001. [PMID: 19668983 PMCID: PMC4327640 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572009000400001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Fu S, Zhao H, Shi J, Abzhanov A, Crawford K, Ohno-Machado L, Zhou J, Du Y, Kuo WP, Zhang J, Jiang M, Jin JG. Peripheral arterial occlusive disease: global gene expression analyses suggest a major role for immune and inflammatory responses. BMC Genomics 2008; 9:369. [PMID: 18673543 PMCID: PMC2529314 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-9-369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 08/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), a major manifestation of atherosclerosis, is associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity, limb loss and death. However, mechanisms underlying the genesis and progression of the disease are far from clear. Genome-wide gene expression profiling of clinical samples may represent an effective approach to gain relevant information. Results After histological classification, a total of 30 femoral artery samples, including 11 intermediate lesions, 14 advanced lesions and 5 normal femoral arteries, were profiled using Affymetrix microarray platform. Following real-time RT-PCR validation, different algorithms of gene selection and clustering were applied to identify differentially expressed genes. Under a stringent cutoff, i.e., a false discovery rate (FDR) <0.5%, we found 366 genes were differentially regulated in intermediate lesions and 447 in advanced lesions. Of these, 116 genes were overlapped between intermediate and advanced lesions, including 68 up-regulated genes and 48 down-regulated ones. In these differentially regulated genes, immune/inflammatory genes were significantly up-regulated in different stages of PAD, (85/230 in intermediate lesions, 37/172 in advanced lesions). Through literature mining and pathway analysis using different databases such as Gene Ontology (GO), and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomics (KEGG), genes involved in immune/inflammatory responses were significantly enriched in up-regulated genes at different stages of PAD(p < 0.05), revealing a significant correlation between immune/inflammatory responses and disease progression. Moreover, immune-related pathways such as Toll-like receptor signaling and natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity were particularly enriched in intermediate and advanced lesions (P < 0.05), highlighting their pathogenic significance during disease progression. Conclusion Lines of evidence revealed in this study not only support previous hypotheses, primarily based on studies of animal models and other types of arterial disease, that inflammatory responses may influence the development of PAD, but also permit the recognition of a wide spectrum of immune/inflammatory genes that can serve as signatures for disease progression in PAD. Further studies of these signature molecules may eventually allow us to develop more sophisticated protocols for pharmaceutical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Fu
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
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Liu F, Jenssen TK, Trimarchi J, Punzo C, Cepko CL, Ohno-Machado L, Hovig E, Patrick Kuo W. Comparison of hybridization-based and sequencing-based gene expression technologies on biological replicates. BMC Genomics 2007; 8:153. [PMID: 17555589 PMCID: PMC1899500 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2006] [Accepted: 06/07/2007] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background High-throughput systems for gene expression profiling have been developed and have matured rapidly through the past decade. Broadly, these can be divided into two categories: hybridization-based and sequencing-based approaches. With data from different technologies being accumulated, concerns and challenges are raised about the level of agreement across technologies. As part of an ongoing large-scale cross-platform data comparison framework, we report here a comparison based on identical samples between one-dye DNA microarray platforms and MPSS (Massively Parallel Signature Sequencing). Results The DNA microarray platforms generally provided highly correlated data, while moderate correlations between microarrays and MPSS were obtained. Disagreements between the two types of technologies can be attributed to limitations inherent to both technologies. The variation found between pooled biological replicates underlines the importance of exercising caution in identification of differential expression, especially for the purposes of biomarker discovery. Conclusion Based on different principles, hybridization-based and sequencing-based technologies should be considered complementary to each other, rather than competitive alternatives for measuring gene expression, and currently, both are important tools for transcriptome profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Tumor Biology, Rikshopitalet-Radiumhospitalet Medical Center, Montebello, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway
- PubGene AS, Vinderen, NO-0319 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jeff Trimarchi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudio Punzo
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Connie L Cepko
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Eivind Hovig
- Department of Tumor Biology, Rikshopitalet-Radiumhospitalet Medical Center, Montebello, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Informatics, Rikshopitalet-Radiumhospitalet Medical Center, Montebello, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway
| | - Winston Patrick Kuo
- Decision Systems Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology/Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Kuo WP, Liu F, Trimarchi J, Punzo C, Lombardi M, Sarang J, Whipple ME, Maysuria M, Serikawa K, Lee SY, McCrann D, Kang J, Shearstone JR, Burke J, Park DJ, Wang X, Rector TL, Ricciardi-Castagnoli P, Perrin S, Choi S, Bumgarner R, Kim JH, Short GF, Freeman MW, Seed B, Jensen R, Church GM, Hovig E, Cepko CL, Park P, Ohno-Machado L, Jenssen TK. A sequence-oriented comparison of gene expression measurements across different hybridization-based technologies. Nat Biotechnol 2006; 24:832-40. [PMID: 16823376 DOI: 10.1038/nbt1217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2006] [Accepted: 04/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, gene expression microarrays have had a profound impact on biomedical research. The diversity of platforms and analytical methods available to researchers have made the comparison of data from multiple platforms challenging. In this study, we describe a framework for comparisons across platforms and laboratories. We have attempted to include nearly all the available commercial and 'in-house' platforms. Using probe sequences matched at the exon level improved consistency of measurements across the different microarray platforms compared to annotation-based matches. Generally, consistency was good for highly expressed genes, and variable for genes with lower expression values as confirmed by quantitative real-time (QRT)-PCR. Concordance of measurements was higher between laboratories on the same platform than across platforms. We demonstrate that, after stringent preprocessing, commercial arrays were more consistent than in-house arrays, and by most measures, one-dye platforms were more consistent than two-dye platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Patrick Kuo
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Ave., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Abstract
The "informatics revolution" in both bioinformatics and dental informatics will eventually change the way we practice dentistry. This convergence will play a pivotal role in creating a bridge of opportunity by integrating scientific and clinical specialties to promote the advances in treatment, risk assessment, diagnosis, therapeutics, and oral health-care outcome. Bioinformatics has been an emerging field in the biomedical research community and has been gaining momentum in dental medicine. This area has created a steady stream of large and complex genomic data, which has transformed the way a clinical or basic science researcher approaches genomic research. This application to dental medicine, termed "oral genomics", can aid in the molecular understanding of the genes and proteins, their interactions, pathways, and networks that are responsible for the development and progression of oral diseases and disorders. As the result of the Human Genome Project, new advances have prompted high-throughput technologies, such as DNA microarrays, which have become accepted tools in the biomedical research community. This manuscript reviews the two most commonly used microarray technologies, basic microarray data analysis, and the results from several ongoing oral cancer genomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Kuo
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Kuo WP, Whipple ME, Epstein JB, Jenssen TK, Santos GS, Ohno-Machado L, Sonis ST. Deciphering gene expression profiles generated from DNA microarrays and their applications in oral medicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 97:584-91. [PMID: 15153870 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2003.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide monitoring of gene expression profiles using DNA microarrays provides a unique approach to exploring the biological processes underlying oral diseases and disorders by providing a comprehensive survey of a cell's or tissue's transcriptional mapping. This revolutionary technology allows for the simultaneous assessment of the transcription levels of tens of thousands of genes, and of their relative expression between normal and diseased cells. As microarray data analysis evolves, there is a widespread hope that microarrays will significantly impact our ability to explore the genetic changes associated with disease etiology and development, ultimately leading to the discovery of new biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis prediction as well as new therapeutic tools. The goal of this manuscript is to review 2 of the most commonly used microarray technologies, provide an overview of data analyses involved in a typical microarray experiment, and comment upon the application of microarrays to oral medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Patrick Kuo
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The Human Genome Project, or HGP, has inspired a great deal of exciting biology recently by enabling the development of new technologies that will be essential for understanding the different types of abnormalities in diseases related to the oral cavity. LITERATURE REVIEWED The authors review current literature pertaining to the advanced microarray technologies arising from the HGP and how they can contribute to dentistry. This technology has become a standard tool for monitoring activities of genes at both academic and pharmaceutical research institutions. RESULTS With the availability of the DNA sequences for the entire human genome, attention now is focused on understanding various diseases at the genome level. Deciphering the molecular behavior of genetically encoded proteins is crucial to obtaining a more comprehensive picture of disease processes. Important progress has been made using microarrays, which have been shown to be effective in identifying gene expression patterns and variations that correlate with cellular development, physiology and function. Arrays can be used to classify tissue samples accurately based on molecular profiles and to select candidate genes related to a number of cancers, including oral cancer. This type of oral genetic approach will aid in the understanding of disease progression, thus improving diagnosis and treatment for patients. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Microarrays hold much promise for the analysis of diseases in the oral cavity. As the technology evolves, dentists may see these tools as screening tests for better managing patients' dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Patrick Kuo
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass. 02115, USA.
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Kuo WP, Hasina R, Ohno-Machado L, Lingen MW. Classification and identification of genes associated with oral cancer based on gene expression profiles. A preliminary study. N Y State Dent J 2003; 69:23-6. [PMID: 12703240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an aggressive malignancy. The five-year survival rate remains largely unchanged for the past 40 years. Early diagnosis has been shown to correlate with increased survival, based on cytologic changes. In order to improve our current treatment strategies for OSCC, it is necessary to understand the genetic and molecular networks underlying this disease. In this preliminary study, we illustrate the application of DNA microarrays to study OSCC. Using computational and statistical algorithms, we were able to differentiate (or classify) "cancer" and "normal" samples based on the behavior of the gene expression profiles. We found 651 genes to be associated with cancer. This article describes a preliminary study of current developments from the Human Genome Project (HGP) and its application to OSCC.
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Kuo WP, Mendez E, Chen C, Whipple ME, Farell G, Agoff N, Park PJ. Functional relationships between gene pairs in oral squamous cell carcinoma. AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2003; 2003:371-5. [PMID: 14728197 PMCID: PMC1479982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel method for the discovery of functional relationships between pairs of genes based on gene expression profiles generated from microarrays. This approach examines all possible pairs of genes and identifies those in which the relationship between the two genes changes in different diseases or conditions. In contrast to previous methods that have focused on differentially expressed genes, this method attempts to find changes in the correlation between genes. These changes may be indicative of the functional relationships related to a disease mechanism. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by applying it to an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) microarray data set. Our results suggest new directions for future experimental investigations.
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Jenssen TK, Kuo WP, Stokke T, Hovig E. Associations between gene expressions in breast cancer and patient survival. Hum Genet 2002; 111:411-20. [PMID: 12384785 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-002-0804-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2002] [Accepted: 07/01/2002] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed associations between gene expression in breast cancer and patient survival for 8024 genes from a previously published microarray data set. Analysis of survival, by using the logrank test, was performed automatically for each gene. After correcting for multiple testing, we identified 95 genes whose expression was significantly associated with patient survival. The independent prognostic value of the genes ranking the highest in univariate analysis, together with clinical parameters, was assessed by Cox multivariate regression analysis. The P-values from these logrank tests were also mapped to chromosomal positions and compared with previously reported amplicon regions. We used PubGene web tools to identify groups of genes that had co-occurred in the literature and whose expression patterns were associated with survival. Our analyses demonstrate the comprehensiveness of the microarray technology with respect to measuring gene expression and indicate that the technology may be used to screen for potential clinical markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-K Jenssen
- Department of Computer and Information Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED DNA microarray technology has been used for genome-wide gene expression studies that incorporate molecular genetics and computer science skills on massive levels. The technology permits the simultaneous analysis of tens of thousands of genes for the purposes of gene discovery, disease diagnosis. improved drug development, and therapeutics tailored to specific disease processes. OBJECTIVE In this review, the two most common microarray technologies and their potential application to dental research will be discussed. The authors review current articles pertaining to the technologies and analysis of mRNA expression using DNA micro-arrays and its application to dental research. Since many genes contribute to normal functioning, research efforts are moving from the search for a disease specific gene to the understanding of the biochemical and molecular functioning of a variety of genes and how complicated networks of interaction can lead to a disease state, such as oral cancer. With the incorporation of DNA micro-array based research, we can look forward to more accurate diagnosis and surgical treatment/drug-delivery therapy based on an individual patient's genetic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Patrick Kuo
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Abstract
MOTIVATION [corrected] The existence of several technologies for measuring gene expression makes the question of cross-technology agreement of measurements an important issue. Cross-platform utilization of data from different technologies has the potential to reduce the need to duplicate experiments but requires corresponding measurements to be comparable. METHODS A comparison of mRNA measurements of 2895 sequence-matched genes in 56 cell lines from the standard panel of 60 cancer cell lines from the National Cancer Institute (NCI 60) was carried out by calculating correlation between matched measurements and calculating concordance between cluster from two high-throughput DNA microarray technologies, Stanford type cDNA microarrays and Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays. RESULTS In general, corresponding measurements from the two platforms showed poor correlation. Clusters of genes and cell lines were discordant between the two technologies, suggesting that relative intra-technology relationships were not preserved. GC-content, sequence length, average signal intensity, and an estimator of cross-hybridization were found to be associated with the degree of correlation. This suggests gene-specific, or more correctly probe-specific, factors influencing measurements differently in the two platforms, implying a poor prognosis for a broad utilization of gene expression measurements across platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Patrick Kuo
- Children's Hospital Informatics Program and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Kuo WP, Jenssen TK, Park PJ, Lingen MW, Hasina R, Ohno-Machado L. Gene expression levels in different stages of progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Proc AMIA Symp 2002:415-9. [PMID: 12474876 PMCID: PMC2244435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancer types worldwide. The prognosis for patients with this disease is generally poor and little is known about its progression. Gene expression studies may provide important insights to the molecular mechanisms of this disease. We analyzed gene expression data from a small panel of patients diagnosed with OSCC. Even with only 13 patient samples we were able to find genes with significant differences in expression levels between normal, dysplasia, and cancer samples. The largest differences in expression were generally found between normal and cancer samples, but significant differences were also found for several genes between dysplasia and the other two sample types. We also represent the significance levels of differentially expressed genes on the chromosome domain. The genes and genetic features we examine are potentially important factors on the molecular level in the progression of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Patrick Kuo
- Decision Systems Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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