1
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Christa M, Dithmar F, Weinaus T, Kohlhaas M, Arias-Loza AP, Hofmann M, Elabyad IA, Gutjahr FT, Maack C, Bauer WR. A new approach to characterize cardiac sodium storage by combining fluorescence photometry and magnetic resonance imaging in small animal research. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2426. [PMID: 38287086 PMCID: PMC10825176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52377-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac myocyte sodium (Na+) homoeostasis is pivotal in cardiac diseases and heart failure. Intracellular Na+ ([Na+]i) is an important regulator of excitation-contraction coupling and mitochondrial energetics. In addition, extracellular Na+ ([Na+]e) and its water-free storage trigger collagen cross-linking, myocardial stiffening and impaired cardiac function. Therefore, understanding the allocation of tissue Na+ to intra- and extracellular compartments is crucial in comprehending the pathophysiological processes in cardiac diseases. We extrapolated [Na+]e using a three-compartment model, with tissue Na+ concentration (TSC) measured by in vivo 23Na-MRI, extracellular volume (ECV) data calculated from T1 maps, and [Na+]i measured by in vitro fluorescence microscopy using Na+ binding benzofuran isophthalate (SBFI). To investigate dynamic changes in Na+ compartments, we induced pressure overload (TAC) or myocardial infarction (MI) via LAD ligation in mice. Compared to SHAM mice, TSC was similar after TAC but increased after MI. Both TAC and MI showed significantly higher [Na+]i compared to SHAM (around 130% compared to SHAM). Calculated [Na+]e increased after MI, but not after TAC. Increased TSC after TAC was primarily driven by increased [Na+]i, but the increase after MI by elevations in both [Na+]i and [Na+]e.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Christa
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, Haus A3, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Franziska Dithmar
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, Haus A3, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Weinaus
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, Haus A3, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Kohlhaas
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anahi-Paula Arias-Loza
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Hofmann
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ibrahim A Elabyad
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Maack
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, Haus A3, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
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2
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van Heeswijk RB, Bauer WR, Bönner F, Janjic JM, Mulder WJM, Schreiber LM, Schwitter J, Flögel U. Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging With Fluorine-19 MRI: The Road to the Clinic. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2023; 16:e014742. [PMID: 37725674 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.123.014742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine-19 (19F) magnetic resonance imaging is a unique quantitative molecular imaging modality that makes use of an injectable fluorine-containing tracer that generates the only visible 19F signal in the body. This hot spot imaging technique has recently been used to characterize a wide array of cardiovascular diseases and seen a broad range of technical improvements. Concurrently, its potential to be translated to the clinical setting is being explored. This review provides an overview of this emerging field and demonstrates its diagnostic potential, which shows promise for clinical translation. We will describe 19F magnetic resonance imaging hardware, pulse sequences, and tracers, followed by an overview of cardiovascular applications. Finally, the challenges on the road to clinical translation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland (R.B.v.H.)
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Germany (W.R.B.)
| | - Florian Bönner
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany (F.B.)
| | - Jelena M Janjic
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA (J.M.J.)
| | - Willem J M Mulder
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands (W.J.M.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (W.J.M.M.)
| | - Laura M Schreiber
- Chair of Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), Wuerzburg University Hospitals, Germany (L.M.S.)
| | - Juerg Schwitter
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Department (J.S.), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Switzerland
- CMR Center (J.S.), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland (J.S.)
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging (U.F.), Heinrich Heine University, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (U.F.), Heinrich Heine University, Germany
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3
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Reiter T, Demirbas S, Schmalzing M, Voelker W, Bauer WR, Güder G. CMR
detects extensive intracavitary thrombi as solitary clinical presentation of Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e6568. [PMID: 36397843 PMCID: PMC9664543 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracavitary thrombi are an important differential diagnosis of cardiac masses. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) allows their non‐invasive characterization. This case highlights extensive cardiac thrombi detected by CMR as solitary presentation of antiphospholipid syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Reiter
- Department for Internal Medicine I, Cardiology University Hospital Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - Senem Demirbas
- Department for Internal Medicine I, Cardiology University Hospital Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - Marc Schmalzing
- Department for Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology University Hospital Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - Wolfram Voelker
- Department for Internal Medicine I, Cardiology University Hospital Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - Wolfgang R. Bauer
- Department for Internal Medicine I, Cardiology University Hospital Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - Gülmisal Güder
- Department for Internal Medicine I, Cardiology University Hospital Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Wuerzburg University Hospital Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
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4
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Reiter T, Weiss I, Weber OM, Bauer WR. Signal voids of active cardiac implants at 3.0 T CMR. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6285. [PMID: 35428775 PMCID: PMC9014817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09690-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent technical advancements allow cardiac MRI (CMR) examinations in the presence of so-called MRI conditional active cardiac implants at 3.0 T. However, the artifact burden caused by susceptibility effects remain an obstacle. All measurements were obtained at a clinical 3.0 T scanner using an in-house designed cubic phantom and optimized sequences for artifact evaluation (3D gradient echo sequence, multi-slice 2D turbo spin echo sequence). Reference sequences according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) were additionally applied. Four representative active cardiac devices and a generic setup were analyzed regarding volume and shape of the signal void. For analysis, a threshold operation was applied to the grey value profile of each data set. The presented approach allows the evaluation of the signal void and shape even for larger implants such as ICDs. The void shape is influenced by the orientation of the B0-field and by the chosen sequence type. The distribution of ferromagnetic material within the implants also matters. The void volume depends both on the device itself, and on the sequence type. Disturbances in the B0 and B1 fields exceed the visual signal void. This work presents a reproducible and highly defined approach to characterize both signal void artifacts at 3.0 T and their influencing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Reiter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Oberduerbacher Strasse 6a, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | | | | | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Oberduerbacher Strasse 6a, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
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5
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Cellini A, Höfler D, Arias-Loza P, Bandleon S, Langsenlehner T, Kohlhaas M, Maack C, Bauer WR, Eder-Negrin P. Reply to Blaustein et al. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H119-H1120. [PMID: 34842465 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00596.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Cellini
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dorina Höfler
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - PaulaA Arias-Loza
- Department of Nuclear Medicine I, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Bandleon
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Langsenlehner
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Petra Eder-Negrin
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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6
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Cellini A, Höfler D, Arias-Loza PA, Bandleon S, Langsenlehner T, Kohlhaas M, Maack C, Bauer WR, Eder-Negrin P. The α2-isoform of the Na +/K +-ATPase protects against pathological remodeling and β-adrenergic desensitization after myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H650-H662. [PMID: 34448639 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00808.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The role of the Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) in heart failure associated with myocardial infarction (MI) is poorly understood. The elucidation of its precise function is hampered by the existence of two catalytic NKA isoforms (NKA-α1 and NKA-α2). Our aim was to analyze the effects of an increased NKA-α2 expression on functional deterioration and remodeling during long-term MI treatment in mice and its impact on Ca2+ handling and inotropy of the failing heart. Wild-type (WT) and NKA-α2 transgenic (TG) mice (TG-α2) with a cardiac-specific overexpression of NKA-α2 were subjected to MI injury for 8 wk. As examined by echocardiography, gravimetry, and histology, TG-α2 mice were protected from functional deterioration and adverse cardiac remodeling. Contractility and Ca2+ transients (Fura 2-AM) in cardiomyocytes from MI-treated TG-α2 animals showed reduced Ca2+ amplitudes during pacing or after caffeine application. Ca2+ efflux in cardiomyocytes from TG-α2 mice was accelerated and diastolic Ca2+ levels were decreased. Based on these alterations, sarcomeres exhibited an enhanced sensitization and thus increased contractility. After the acute stimulation with the β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (ISO), cardiomyocytes from MI-treated TG-α2 mice responded with increased sarcomere shortenings and Ca2+ peak amplitudes. This positive inotropic response was absent in cardiomyocytes from WT-MI animals. Cardiomyocytes with NKA-α2 as predominant isoform minimize Ca2+ cycling but respond to β-adrenergic stimulation more efficiently during chronic cardiac stress. These mechanisms might improve the β-adrenergic reserve and contribute to functional preservation in heart failure.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Reduced systolic and diastolic calcium levels in cardiomyocytes from NKA-α2 transgenic mice minimize the desensitization of the β-adrenergic signaling system. These effects result in an improved β-adrenergic reserve and prevent functional deterioration and cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Cellini
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dorina Höfler
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paula A Arias-Loza
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine I, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Bandleon
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Langsenlehner
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Petra Eder-Negrin
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Riedl KA, Kampf T, Herold V, Behr VC, Bauer WR. Wall shear stress analysis using 17.6 Tesla MRI: A longitudinal study in ApoE-/- mice with histological analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238112. [PMID: 32857805 PMCID: PMC7454980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This longitudinal study was performed to evaluate the feasibility of detecting the interaction between wall shear stress (WSS) and plaque development. 20 ApoE-/- mice were separated in 12 mice with Western Diet and 8 mice with Chow Diet. Magnetic resonance (MR) scans at 17.6 Tesla and histological analysis were performed after one week, eight and twelve weeks. All in vivo MR measurements were acquired using a flow sensitive phase contrast method for determining vectorial flow. Histological sections were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Elastica van Gieson and CD68 staining. Data analysis was performed using Ensight and a Matlab-based “Flow Tool”. The body weight of ApoE-/- mice increased significantly over 12 weeks. WSS values increased in the Western Diet group over the time period; in contrast, in the Chow Diet group the values decreased from the first to the second measurement point. Western Diet mice showed small plaque formations with elastin fragmentations after 8 weeks and big plaque formations after 12 weeks; Chow Diet mice showed a few elastin fragmentations after 8 weeks and small plaque formations after 12 weeks. Favored by high-fat diet, plaque formation results in higher values of WSS. With wall shear stress being a known predictor for atherosclerotic plaque development, ultra highfield MRI can serve as a tool for studying the causes and beginnings of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina A. Riedl
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Thomas Kampf
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Volker Herold
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Volker C. Behr
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R. Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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8
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Rieckmann M, Delgobo M, Gaal C, Büchner L, Steinau P, Reshef D, Gil-Cruz C, Horst ENT, Kircher M, Reiter T, Heinze KG, Niessen HW, Krijnen PA, van der Laan AM, Piek JJ, Koch C, Wester HJ, Lapa C, Bauer WR, Ludewig B, Friedman N, Frantz S, Hofmann U, Ramos GC. Myocardial infarction triggers cardioprotective antigen-specific T helper cell responses. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:4922-4936. [PMID: 31408441 DOI: 10.1172/jci123859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell autoreactivity is a hallmark of autoimmune diseases but can also benefit self-maintenance and foster tissue repair. Herein, we investigated whether heart-specific T cells exert salutary or detrimental effects in the context of myocardial infarction (MI), the leading cause of death worldwide. After screening more than 150 class-II-restricted epitopes, we found that myosin heavy chain alpha (MYHCA) was a dominant cardiac antigen triggering post-MI CD4+ T cell activation in mice. Transferred MYHCA614-629-specific CD4+ T (TCR-M) cells selectively accumulated in the myocardium and mediastinal lymph nodes (med-LN) of infarcted mice, acquired a Treg phenotype with a distinct pro-healing gene expression profile, and mediated cardioprotection. Myocardial Treg cells were also detected in autopsies from patients who suffered a MI. Noninvasive PET/CT imaging using a CXCR4 radioligand revealed enlarged med-LNs with increased cellularity in MI-patients. Notably, the med-LN alterations observed in MI patients correlated with the infarct size and cardiac function. Taken together, the results obtained in our study provide evidence showing that MI-context induces pro-healing T cell autoimmunity in mice and confirms the existence of an analogous heart/med-LN/T cell axis in MI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Rieckmann
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Clinic Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Murilo Delgobo
- Department of Internal Medicine I, and.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Chiara Gaal
- Department of Internal Medicine I, and.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lotte Büchner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, and.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Steinau
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Clinic Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Dan Reshef
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Cristina Gil-Cruz
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Ellis N Ter Horst
- Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pathology and Cardiac Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Malte Kircher
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Reiter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, and.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin G Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hans Wm Niessen
- Department of Pathology and Cardiac Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paul Aj Krijnen
- Department of Pathology and Cardiac Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Jan J Piek
- Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Clinic Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Constantin Lapa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, and.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Ludewig
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Nir Friedman
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Clinic Halle, Halle, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, and.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hofmann
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Clinic Halle, Halle, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, and.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gustavo Campos Ramos
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Clinic Halle, Halle, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, and.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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9
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Christa M, Weng AM, Geier B, Wörmann C, Scheffler A, Lehmann L, Oberberger J, Kraus BJ, Hahner S, Störk S, Klink T, Bauer WR, Hammer F, Köstler H. Increased myocardial sodium signal intensity in Conn's syndrome detected by 23Na magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 20:263-270. [PMID: 30307545 PMCID: PMC6383057 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jey134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Sodium intake has been linked to left ventricular hypertrophy independently of blood pressure, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA), a condition characterized by tissue sodium overload due to aldosterone excess, causes accelerated left ventricular hypertrophy compared to blood pressure matched patients with essential hypertension. We therefore hypothesized that the myocardium constitutes a novel site capable of sodium storage explaining the missing link between sodium and left ventricular hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS Using 23Na magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated relative sodium signal intensities (rSSI) in the heart, calf muscle, and skin in 8 PHA patients (6 male, median age 55 years) and 12 normotensive healthy controls (HC) (8 male, median age 61 years). PHA patients had a higher mean systolic 24 h ambulatory blood pressure [152 (140; 163) vs. 125 (122; 130) mmHg, P < 0.001] and higher left ventricular mass index [71.0 (63.5; 106.8) vs. 55.0 (50.3; 66.8) g/m2, P = 0.037] than HC. Compared to HC, PHA patients exhibited significantly higher rSSI in the myocardium [0.31 (0.26; 0.34) vs. 0.24 (0.20; 0.27); P = 0.007], calf muscle [0.19 (0.16; 0.22) vs. 0.14 (0.13; 0.15); P = 0.001] and skin [0.28 (0.25; 0.33) vs. 0.19 (0.17; 0.26); P = 0.014], reflecting a difference of +27%, +38%, and +39%, respectively. Treatment of PHA resulted in significant reductions of the rSSI in the myocardium, calf muscle and skin by -13%, -27%, and -29%, respectively. CONCLUSION Myocardial tissue rSSI is increased in PHA patients and treatment of aldosterone excess effectively reduces rSSI, thus establishing the myocardium as a novel site of sodium storage in addition to skeletal muscle and skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Christa
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Weng
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Geier
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Wörmann
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anne Scheffler
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Chair of Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leane Lehmann
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Chair of Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Oberberger
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bettina J Kraus
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hahner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Störk
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Klink
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Hammer
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Herbert Köstler
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Reiter T, Bauer WR. [Magnetic resonance imaging and active cardiac implants]. Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2019; 30:177-182. [PMID: 31025097 DOI: 10.1007/s00399-019-0622-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The combination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and active cardiac implants, such as pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) has been a challenge for electrophysiologists and imaging for many years. Diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities on the one hand and technical hazards on the other hand highlight the need for improvements and algorithms that enable a safe approach to these challenges. The advent of so-called MRI conditional implants provides safe procedures for at least some of the patients with an implant and the need for MRI. Recently published data encourage clinicians not to completely excluded an imaging modality as promising as MRI in clinically urgent cases in the presence of conventional implants. The interdisciplinary consensus paper of the German Society of Cardiology and the German Society of Radiology provides recommendations for these situations. This review article discusses these recommendations and provides an overview of the most recent publications with a focus on the long-term course of device parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Reiter
- Kardiale MRT und Klinische Elektrophysiologie, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I des Universitätsklinikums Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080, Würzburg, Deutschland.
| | - W R Bauer
- Kardiale MRT und Klinische Elektrophysiologie, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I des Universitätsklinikums Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080, Würzburg, Deutschland
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11
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Kircher M, Ihne S, Brumberg J, Morbach C, Knop S, Kortüm KM, Störk S, Buck AK, Reiter T, Bauer WR, Lapa C. Detection of cardiac amyloidosis with 18F-Florbetaben-PET/CT in comparison to echocardiography, cardiac MRI and DPD-scintigraphy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:1407-1416. [PMID: 30798427 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a rare cause of heart failure with frequently delayed diagnosis, because specific early signs or symptoms are missing. Recently, direct amyloid imaging using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has emerged. The aim of this study was to examine the performance of 18F-florbetaben-PET/CT in detection of CA, and compare it to echocardiography (echo), cardiac MRI (CMR) and scintigraphy. Additionally, the use of 18F-florbetaben-PET/CT for quantification of amyloid burden and monitoring of treatment response was assessed. METHODS Twenty-two patients with proven (n = 5) or clinical suspicion (n = 17) of CA underwent 18F-florbetaben-PET/CT for diagnostic work-up. Qualitative and quantitative assessment including calculation of myocardial tracer retention (MTR) was performed, and compared to echo (n = 20), CMR (n = 16), scintigraphy (n = 16) and serologic biomarkers (NT-proBNP, cTnT, free light chains). In four patients, follow-up PET/CT was available (after treatment initiation, n = 3; surveillance, n = 1). RESULTS PET demonstrated myocardial 18F-florbetaben retention consistent with CA in 14/22 patients. Suspicion of CA was subsequently dropped in all eight PET-negative patients. Amyloid subtypes showed characteristic retention patterns (AL > AA > ATTR; all p < 0.005). MTR correlated with morphologic and functional parameters, as measured by CMR and echo (all r| > 0.47|, all p < 0.05), but not with cardiac biomarkers. Changes in MTR from baseline to follow-up corresponded well to treatment response, as assessed by cardiac biomarkers and performance status. CONCLUSIONS Imaging of cardiac amyloidosis (CA) with 18F-florbetaben-PET/CT is feasible and might be useful in differentiating CA subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Kircher
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Ihne
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine II, Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Brumberg
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Morbach
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Knop
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - K Martin Kortüm
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Störk
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas K Buck
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Reiter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Constantin Lapa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
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Nordbeck P, Bauer WR. Real-time magnetic resonance imaging-guided cardiac electrophysiology: the long road to clinical routine. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 20:136-137. [PMID: 30508176 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jey183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Nordbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacher Str. 6 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacher Str. 6 Wuerzburg, Germany
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Bauer WR, Lapa C, Reiter T. It's the Metabolism That Makes Macrophages Detectable in the Magnetic Resonance Scanner: Immune Cell Detection by Hyperpolarized 13C Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Circ Res 2018; 122:1039-1040. [PMID: 29650625 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.312901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang R Bauer
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine I (W.R.B, T.R.) and Nuclear Medicine (C.L.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; and Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Würzburg, Germany (W.R.B., C.L., T.R.).
| | - Constantin Lapa
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine I (W.R.B, T.R.) and Nuclear Medicine (C.L.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; and Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Würzburg, Germany (W.R.B., C.L., T.R.)
| | - Theresa Reiter
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine I (W.R.B, T.R.) and Nuclear Medicine (C.L.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; and Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Würzburg, Germany (W.R.B., C.L., T.R.)
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14
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Lohse C, Bock A, Maiellaro I, Hannawacker A, Schad LR, Lohse MJ, Bauer WR. Experimental and mathematical analysis of cAMP nanodomains. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174856. [PMID: 28406920 PMCID: PMC5391016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In their role as second messengers, cyclic nucleotides such as cAMP have a variety of intracellular effects. These complex tasks demand a highly organized orchestration of spatially and temporally confined cAMP action which should be best achieved by compartmentalization of the latter. A great body of evidence suggests that cAMP compartments may be established and maintained by cAMP degrading enzymes, e.g. phosphodiesterases (PDEs). However, the molecular and biophysical details of how PDEs can orchestrate cAMP gradients are entirely unclear. In this paper, using fusion proteins of cAMP FRET-sensors and PDEs in living cells, we provide direct experimental evidence that the cAMP concentration in the vicinity of an individual PDE molecule is below the detection limit of our FRET sensors (<100nM). This cAMP gradient persists in crude cytosol preparations. We developed mathematical models based on diffusion-reaction equations which describe the creation of nanocompartments around a single PDE molecule and more complex spatial PDE arrangements. The analytically solvable equations derived here explicitly determine how the capability of a single PDE, or PDE complexes, to create a nanocompartment depend on the cAMP degradation rate, the diffusive mobility of cAMP, and geometrical and topological parameters. We apply these generic models to our experimental data and determine the diffusive mobility and degradation rate of cAMP. The results obtained for these parameters differ by far from data in literature for free soluble cAMP interacting with PDE. Hence, restricted cAMP diffusion in the vincinity of PDE is necessary to create cAMP nanocompartments in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lohse
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Bock
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Isabella Maiellaro
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Annette Hannawacker
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lothar R. Schad
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin J. Lohse
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Wolfgang R. Bauer
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Gotschy A, Bauer WR, Winter P, Nordbeck P, Rommel E, Jakob PM, Herold V. Local versus global aortic pulse wave velocity in early atherosclerosis: An animal study in ApoE-/--mice using ultrahigh field MRI. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171603. [PMID: 28207773 PMCID: PMC5313136 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased aortic stiffness is known to be associated with atherosclerosis and has a predictive value for cardiovascular events. This study aims to investigate the local distribution of early arterial stiffening due to initial atherosclerotic lesions. Therefore, global and local pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured in ApoE-/- and wild type (WT) mice using ultrahigh field MRI. For quantification of global aortic stiffness, a new multi-point transit-time (TT) method was implemented and validated to determine the global PWV in the murine aorta. Local aortic stiffness was measured by assessing the local PWV in the upper abdominal aorta, using the flow/area (QA) method. Significant differences between age matched ApoE-/- and WT mice were determined for global and local PWV measurements (global PWV: ApoE-/-: 2.7±0.2m/s vs WT: 2.1±0.2m/s, P<0.03; local PWV: ApoE-/-: 2.9±0.2m/s vs WT: 2.2±0.2m/s, P<0.03). Within the WT mouse group, the global PWV correlated well with the local PWV in the upper abdominal aorta (R2 = 0.75, P<0.01), implying a widely uniform arterial elasticity. In ApoE-/- animals, however, no significant correlation between individual local and global PWV was present (R2 = 0.07, P = 0.53), implying a heterogeneous distribution of vascular stiffening in early atherosclerosis. The assessment of global PWV using the new multi-point TT measurement technique was validated against a pressure wire measurement in a vessel phantom and showed excellent agreement. The experimental results demonstrate that vascular stiffening caused by early atherosclerosis is unequally distributed over the length of large vessels. This finding implies that assessing heterogeneity of arterial stiffness by multiple local measurements of PWV might be more sensitive than global PWV to identify early atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gotschy
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Wolfgang R. Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center / Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Winter
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Nordbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center / Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eberhard Rommel
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter M. Jakob
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center / Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Volker Herold
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Lapa C, Reiter T, Kircher M, Schirbel A, Werner RA, Pelzer T, Pizarro C, Skowasch D, Thomas L, Schlesinger-Irsch U, Thomas D, Bundschuh RA, Bauer WR, Gärtner FC. Somatostatin receptor based PET/CT in patients with the suspicion of cardiac sarcoidosis: an initial comparison to cardiac MRI. Oncotarget 2016; 7:77807-77814. [PMID: 27780922 PMCID: PMC5363622 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis is often challenging. Whereas cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) are most commonly used to evaluate patients, PET/CT using radiolabeled somatostatin receptor (SSTR) ligands for visualization of inflammation might represent a more specific alternative. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of SSTR-PET/CT for detecting cardiac sarcoidosis in comparison to CMR.15 patients (6 males, 9 females) with sarcoidosis and suspicion on cardiac involvement underwent SSTR-PET/CT imaging and CMR. Images were visually scored. The AHA 17-segment model of the left myocardium was used for localization and comparison of inflamed myocardium for both imaging modalities. In semi-quantitative analysis, mean (SUVmean) and maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of affected myocardium were calculated and compared with both remote myocardium and left ventricular (LV) cavity.SSTR-PET was positive in 7/15, CMR in 10/15 patients. Of the 3 CMR+/PET- subjects, one patient with minor involvement (<25% of wall thickness in CMR) was missed by PET. The remaining two CMR+/PET- patients displayed no adverse cardiac events during follow-up.In the 17-segment model, PET/CT yielded 27 and CMR 29 positive segments. Overall concordance of the 2 modalities was 96.1% (245/255 segments analyzed). SUVmean and SUVmax in inflamed areas were 2.0±1.2 and 2.6±1.2, respectively. The lesion-to-remote myocardium and lesion-to-LV cavity ratios were 1.8±0.2 and 1.9±0.2 for SUVmean and 2.0±0.3 and 1.7±0.3 for SUVmax, respectively.Detection of cardiac sarcoidosis by SSTR-PET/CT is feasible. Our data warrant further analysis in larger prospective series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Lapa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Reiter
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Malte Kircher
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schirbel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf A. Werner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Theo Pelzer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Pizarro
- Department of Internal Medicine II - Pneumology/Cardiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dirk Skowasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II - Pneumology/Cardiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lena Thomas
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Thomas
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang R. Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Winter P, Kampf T, Helluy X, Gutjahr FT, Meyer CB, Bauer WR, Jakob PM, Herold V. Self-navigation under non-steady-state conditions: Cardiac and respiratory self-gating of inversion recovery snapshot FLASH acquisitions in mice. Magn Reson Med 2016; 76:1887-1894. [PMID: 26743137 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE An algorithm is presented to enable cardiac and respiratory self-gating in combination with Inversion Recovery Look-Locker read-outs. METHODS A radial inversion recovery snapshot FLASH sequence was adapted for retrospective cardiac T1 measurements in mice. Cardiac and respiratory data were extracted from the k-space center of radial projections and an adapted method for retrospective cardiac synchronization is introduced. Electrocardiogram (ECG) data was acquired concurrently for validation of the proposed self-gating technique. T1 maps generated by the proposed technique were compared with maps reconstructed with the ECG reference. RESULTS Respiratory gating and cardiac trigger points could be obtained for the whole time course of the relaxation dynamic and correlate very well to the ECG signal. T1 maps reconstructed with the self-gating technique are in very good agreement with maps reconstructed with the external reference. CONCLUSION The proposed method extends "wireless" cardiac MRI to non-steady-state inversion recovery measurements. T1 maps were generated with a quality comparable to ECG based reconstructions. As the method does not rely on an ECG trigger signal it provides easier animal handling. Magn Reson Med 76:1887-1894, 2016. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Winter
- Lehrstuhl Für Experimentelle Physik 5, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kampf
- Lehrstuhl Für Experimentelle Physik 5, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Xavier Helluy
- Department of Neuroscience, Neuroimaging Research Centre, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
| | - Fabian T Gutjahr
- Lehrstuhl Für Experimentelle Physik 5, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cord B Meyer
- Lehrstuhl Für Experimentelle Physik 5, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Universität Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter M Jakob
- Lehrstuhl Für Experimentelle Physik 5, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Volker Herold
- Lehrstuhl Für Experimentelle Physik 5, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Lapa C, Reiter T, Li X, Werner RA, Samnick S, Jahns R, Buck AK, Ertl G, Bauer WR. Imaging of myocardial inflammation with somatostatin receptor based PET/CT — A comparison to cardiac MRI. Int J Cardiol 2015; 194:44-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Reiter T, Werner RA, Bauer WR, Lapa C. Detection of cardiac sarcoidosis by macrophage-directed somatostatin receptor 2-based positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Eur Heart J 2015; 36:2404. [PMID: 26093640 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Reiter
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Strasse 6, Würzburg 97080, Germany Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Würzburg, Straubmühlweg 2a, Würzburg 97078, Germany
| | - Rudolf A Werner
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Würzburg, Straubmühlweg 2a, Würzburg 97078, Germany Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Strasse 6, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Strasse 6, Würzburg 97080, Germany Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Würzburg, Straubmühlweg 2a, Würzburg 97078, Germany
| | - Constantin Lapa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Strasse 6, Würzburg 97080, Germany
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Gensler D, Mörchel P, Fidler F, Ritter O, Quick HH, Ladd ME, Bauer WR, Ertl G, Jakob PM, Nordbeck P. Myocardial T1: Quantification by Using an ECG-triggered Radial Single-Shot Inversion-Recovery MR Imaging Sequence. Radiology 2015; 274:879-87. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.14131295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Gutjahr FT, Kampf T, Winter P, Meyer CB, Williams T, Jakob PM, Bauer WR, Ziener CH, Helluy X. Quantification of perfusion in murine myocardium: A retrospectively triggered T1 -based ASL method using model-based reconstruction. Magn Reson Med 2014; 74:1705-15. [PMID: 25446550 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A method for the quantification of perfusion in murine myocardium is demonstrated. The method allows for the reconstruction of perfusion maps on arbitrary time points in the heart cycle while addressing problems that arise due to the irregular heart beat of mice. METHODS A flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery arterial spin labeling method using an untriggered FLASH-read out with random sampling is used. Look-Locker conditions are strictly maintained. No dummy pulses or mechanism to reduce deviation from Look-Locker conditions are needed. Electrocardiogram and respiratory data are recorded for retrospective gating and triggering. A model-based technique is used to reconstruct missing k-space data to cope with the undersampling inherent in retrospectively gated methods. Acquisition and reconstruction were validated numerically and in phantom measurements before in vivo experimentation. RESULTS Quantitative perfusion maps were acquired within a single slice measurement time of 11 min. Perfusion values are in good accordance to literature values. Myocardial infarction could be clearly visualized and results were confirmed with histological results. CONCLUSION The proposed method is capable of producing quantitative perfusion maps on arbitrary positions in the heart cycle within a short measurement time. The method is robust against irregular breathing patterns and heart rate changes and can be implemented on all scanners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian T Gutjahr
- Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Core Facility Imaging, Straubmühlweg 2a, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kampf
- Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Winter
- Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cord B Meyer
- Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tatjana Williams
- Universität Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter M Jakob
- Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Universität Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian H Ziener
- German Cancer Research Center DKFZ, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xavier Helluy
- Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Nordbeck P, Quick HH, Bauer WR, Ertl G, Ladd ME, Ritter O. Initial clinical application of real-time MR imaging-guided ablation of cardiac arrhythmia in patients with atrial flutter. Radiology 2014; 273:310-1. [PMID: 25247568 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.14140686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Nordbeck
- Internal Medicine 1-Cardiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacher Str 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany *
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Ye YX, Basse-Lüsebrink TC, Arias-Loza PA, Kocoski V, Kampf T, Gan Q, Bauer E, Sparka S, Helluy X, Hu K, Hiller KH, Boivin-Jahns V, Jakob PM, Jahns R, Bauer WR. Response to letter regarding article, "Monitoring of monocyte recruitment in reperfused myocardial infarction with intramyocardial hemorrhage and microvascular obstruction by combined fluorine 19 and proton cardiac magnetic resonance imaging". Circulation 2014; 130:e41-2. [PMID: 25070559 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.009359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Ye
- Department of Experimental Physics 5, University of Wuerzburg, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center/Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Vladimir Kocoski
- Institute of Virology and Immunobiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kampf
- Department of Experimental Physics 5, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Qiang Gan
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | - Xavier Helluy
- Department of Experimental Physics 5, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | - Valerie Boivin-Jahns
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Peter M Jakob
- Department of Experimental Physics 5, University of Wuerzburg, Research Center for Magnetic Resonance Bavaria, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Roland Jahns
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center/Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Gotschy A, Bauer E, Schrodt C, Lykowsky G, Ye YX, Rommel E, Jakob PM, Bauer WR, Herold V. Local arterial stiffening assessed by MRI precedes atherosclerotic plaque formation. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2013; 6:916-23. [PMID: 24100044 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.113.000611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is known to impair vascular function and cause vascular stiffening. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential predictive role of vascular stiffening in the early detection of atherosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated the time course of early functional and morphological alterations of the vessel wall in a murine atherosclerosis model. Because initial lesions are distributed inhomogeneously in early-stage atherosclerosis, MR microscopy was performed to measure vascular elasticity locally, specifically the local pulse wave velocity and the arterial wall thickness. METHODS AND RESULTS Local pulse wave velocity and the mean arterial wall thickness were determined in the ascending and the abdominal aortae of ApoE(-/-) and wild-type mice. In vivo MRI revealed that baseline pulse wave velocity and morphology were similar in 6-week-old ApoE(-/-) and WT mice, whereas at the age of 18 weeks, local pulse wave velocity was significantly elevated in ApoE(-/-) mice. Significantly increased vessel wall thickness was not found in ApoE(-/-) mice until the age of 30 weeks. Histological analysis of the aortae of ApoE(-/-) and WT mice showed that increased pulse wave velocity coincided with the fragmentation of the elastic laminae in the arterial wall, which is hypothesized to induce early vascular stiffening and may be promoted by macrophage-mediated matrix degradation. CONCLUSIONS We newly report that the assessment of local pulse wave velocity via MRI provides early information about the local progression of atherosclerosis before macroscopic alterations of the vessel wall occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gotschy
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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25
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Winter P, Kampf T, Helluy X, Gutjahr FT, Meyer CB, Rommel, Bauer WR, Jakob PM, Herold V. Fast retrospectively triggered local pulse-wave velocity measurements in mice with CMR-microscopy using a radial trajectory. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013; 15:88. [PMID: 24083810 PMCID: PMC3850985 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-15-88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aortic pulse-wave velocity (PWV) is an important indicator of cardiovascular risk. In recent studies MRI methods have been developed to measure this parameter noninvasively in mice. Present techniques require additional hardware for cardiac and respiratory gating. In this work a robust self-gated measurement of the local PWV in mice without the need of triggering probes is proposed. METHODS The local PWV of 6-months-old wild-type C57BL/6J mice (n=6) was measured in the abdominal aorta with a retrospectively triggered radial Phase Contrast (PC) MR sequence using the flow-area (QA) method. A navigator signal was extracted from the CMR data of highly asymmetric radial projections with short repetition time (TR=3 ms) and post-processed with high-pass and low-pass filters for retrospective cardiac and respiratory gating. The self-gating signal was used for a reconstruction of high-resolution Cine frames of the aortic motion. To assess the local PWV the volume flow Q and the cross-sectional area A of the aorta were determined. The results were compared with the values measured with a triggered Cartesian and an undersampled triggered radial PC-Cine sequence. RESULTS In all examined animals a self-gating signal could be extracted and used for retrospective breath-gating and PC-Cine reconstruction. With the non-triggered measurement PWV values of 2.3±0.2 m/s were determined. These values are in agreement with those measured with the triggered Cartesian (2.4±0.2 m/s) and the triggered radial (2.3±0.2 m/s) measurement. Due to the strong robustness of the radial trajectory against undersampling an acceleration of more than two relative to the prospectively triggered Cartesian sampling could be achieved with the retrospective method. CONCLUSION With the radial flow-encoding sequence the extraction of a self-gating signal is feasible. The retrospective method enables a robust and fast measurement of the local PWV without the need of additional trigger hardware.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Winter
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kampf
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Xavier Helluy
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabian T Gutjahr
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cord B Meyer
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rommel
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Josef-Schneider Straße 4, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter M Jakob
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Volker Herold
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Ye YX, Basse-Lüsebrink TC, Arias-Loza PA, Kocoski V, Kampf T, Gan Q, Bauer E, Sparka S, Helluy X, Hu K, Hiller KH, Boivin-Jahns V, Jakob PM, Jahns R, Bauer WR. Monitoring of monocyte recruitment in reperfused myocardial infarction with intramyocardial hemorrhage and microvascular obstruction by combined fluorine 19 and proton cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation 2013. [PMID: 24025595 DOI: 10.1161/circulat ionaha.113.000731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monocytes and macrophages are indispensable in the healing process after myocardial infarction (MI); however, the spatiotemporal distribution of monocyte infiltration and its correlation to prognostic indicators of reperfused MI have not been well described. METHODS AND RESULTS With combined fluorine 19/proton ((1)H) magnetic resonance imaging, we noninvasively visualized the spatiotemporal recruitment of monocytes in vivo in a rat model of reperfused MI. Blood monocytes were labeled by intravenous injection of (19)F-perfluorocarbon emulsion 1 day after MI. The distribution patterns of monocyte infiltration were correlated to the presence of microvascular obstruction (MVO) and intramyocardial hemorrhage. In vivo, (19)F/(1)H magnetic resonance imaging performed in series revealed that monocyte infiltration was spatially inhomogeneous in reperfused MI areas. In the absence of MVO, monocyte infiltration was more intense in MI regions with serious ischemia-reperfusion injuries, indicated by severe intramyocardial hemorrhage; however, monocyte recruitment was significantly impaired in MVO areas accompanied by severe intramyocardial hemorrhage. Compared with MI with isolated intramyocardial hemorrhage, MI with MVO resulted in significantly worse pump function of the left ventricle 28 days after MI. CONCLUSIONS Monocyte recruitment was inhomogeneous in reperfused MI tissue. It was highly reduced in MVO areas defined by magnetic resonance imaging. The impaired monocyte infiltration in MVO regions could be related to delayed healing and worse functional outcomes in the long term. Therefore, monocyte recruitment in MI with MVO could be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target that could be monitored noninvasively and longitudinally by (19)F/(1)H magnetic resonance imaging in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Ye
- Department of Experimental Physics 5 (Y.-X.Y., T.K., X.H., P.M.J.) and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.B.-J.), University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Heart Failure Center/Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz, Wuerzburg, Germany (Y.-X.Y., W.R.B.); Research Center for Magnetic Resonance Bavaria, Wuerzburg, Germany (T.C.B.-L., K.-H.H., P.M.J.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (P.-A.A.-L., E.B., K.H., R.J., W.R.B.); Institute of Virology and Immunobiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (V.K.); Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Q.G.); and Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Wuerzburg, Germany (S.S.)
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27
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Ye YX, Basse-Lüsebrink TC, Arias-Loza PA, Kocoski V, Kampf T, Gan Q, Bauer E, Sparka S, Helluy X, Hu K, Hiller KH, Boivin-Jahns V, Jakob PM, Jahns R, Bauer WR. Monitoring of monocyte recruitment in reperfused myocardial infarction with intramyocardial hemorrhage and microvascular obstruction by combined fluorine 19 and proton cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation 2013; 128:1878-88. [PMID: 24025595 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.000731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monocytes and macrophages are indispensable in the healing process after myocardial infarction (MI); however, the spatiotemporal distribution of monocyte infiltration and its correlation to prognostic indicators of reperfused MI have not been well described. METHODS AND RESULTS With combined fluorine 19/proton ((1)H) magnetic resonance imaging, we noninvasively visualized the spatiotemporal recruitment of monocytes in vivo in a rat model of reperfused MI. Blood monocytes were labeled by intravenous injection of (19)F-perfluorocarbon emulsion 1 day after MI. The distribution patterns of monocyte infiltration were correlated to the presence of microvascular obstruction (MVO) and intramyocardial hemorrhage. In vivo, (19)F/(1)H magnetic resonance imaging performed in series revealed that monocyte infiltration was spatially inhomogeneous in reperfused MI areas. In the absence of MVO, monocyte infiltration was more intense in MI regions with serious ischemia-reperfusion injuries, indicated by severe intramyocardial hemorrhage; however, monocyte recruitment was significantly impaired in MVO areas accompanied by severe intramyocardial hemorrhage. Compared with MI with isolated intramyocardial hemorrhage, MI with MVO resulted in significantly worse pump function of the left ventricle 28 days after MI. CONCLUSIONS Monocyte recruitment was inhomogeneous in reperfused MI tissue. It was highly reduced in MVO areas defined by magnetic resonance imaging. The impaired monocyte infiltration in MVO regions could be related to delayed healing and worse functional outcomes in the long term. Therefore, monocyte recruitment in MI with MVO could be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target that could be monitored noninvasively and longitudinally by (19)F/(1)H magnetic resonance imaging in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Ye
- Department of Experimental Physics 5 (Y.-X.Y., T.K., X.H., P.M.J.) and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.B.-J.), University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Heart Failure Center/Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz, Wuerzburg, Germany (Y.-X.Y., W.R.B.); Research Center for Magnetic Resonance Bavaria, Wuerzburg, Germany (T.C.B.-L., K.-H.H., P.M.J.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (P.-A.A.-L., E.B., K.H., R.J., W.R.B.); Institute of Virology and Immunobiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (V.K.); Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Q.G.); and Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Wuerzburg, Germany (S.S.)
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Kampf T, Helluy X, Gutjahr FT, Winter P, Meyer CB, Jakob PM, Bauer WR, Ziener CH. Myocardial perfusion quantification using the T
1
-based FAIR-ASL method: The influence of heart anatomy, cardiopulmonary blood flow and look-locker readout. Magn Reson Med 2013; 71:1784-97. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kampf
- Universität Würzburg; Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5 Am Hubland Würzburg Germany
| | - Xavier Helluy
- Universität Würzburg; Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5 Am Hubland Würzburg Germany
| | - Fabian T. Gutjahr
- Universität Würzburg; Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5 Am Hubland Würzburg Germany
| | - Patrick Winter
- Universität Würzburg; Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5 Am Hubland Würzburg Germany
| | - Cord B. Meyer
- Universität Würzburg; Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5 Am Hubland Würzburg Germany
| | - Peter M. Jakob
- Universität Würzburg; Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5 Am Hubland Würzburg Germany
| | - Wolfgang R. Bauer
- Universität Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I; Oberdürrbacher Straße 6 Würzburg Germany
| | - Christian H. Ziener
- German Cancer Research Center DKFZ; Im Neuenheimer Feld 280 Heidelberg Germany
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Abstract
Channel transport of different species of particles is viewed usually only in terms of competition and selectivity. In this paper we show that transport of one species may be promoted by the presence of another and that both may even mutually cooperate. We investigate a discretized Markovian model of nanochannel transport via in-channel sites, allowing for the simultaneous transport of several different species of particles; interaction between transported particles is included via the condition of single occupancy on a channel site. By numerically solving the model exactly, particularly an analysis of situations of crowding in the channel is possible and we observe three situations: mutual cooperation, promotion of one species at the cost of the other, and mutual competition. The physical situation has a strong nonequilibrium character as Onsager's relations on coupled flows do not hold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Strasse 6, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany.
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Ziener CH, Bauer WR, Schlemmer HP. Spindephasierung im Kroghschen Kapillarmodell des Myokards. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1346230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Michalska M, Machtoub L, Manthey HD, Bauer E, Herold V, Krohne G, Lykowsky G, Hildenbrand M, Kampf T, Jakob P, Zernecke A, Bauer WR. Visualization of Vascular Inflammation in the Atherosclerotic Mouse by Ultrasmall Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1–Specific Nanoparticles. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:2350-7. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.255224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective—
Noninvasive imaging of atherosclerosis remains challenging in clinical applications. Here, we applied noninvasive molecular imaging to detect vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in early and advanced atherosclerotic lesions of apolipoprotein E–deficient mice.
Methods and Results—
Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles functionalized with (P03011) or without (P3007) vascular cell adhesion molecule-1−binding peptide were visualized by ultra high-field (17.6 T) magnetic resonance. Injection of P03011 resulted in a marked signal loss in the aortic root of apolipoprotein E–deficient mice fed a Western diet for 8 and 26 weeks in vivo and ex vivo, compared with preinjection measurements, P3007-injected mice, and P03011- or P3007-injected age-matched C57BL/6 controls. Histological analyses revealed iron accumulations in the intima, in colocalization with vascular cell adhesion molecule-1−expressing macrophages and endothelial cells. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy demonstrated iron signals in the intima and media of the aortic root in the P03011-injected but not untreated apolipoprotein E–deficient mice, localized to macrophages, luminal endothelial-like cells, and medial regions containing smooth muscle cells. Electron microscopy confirmed iron particles enclosed in endothelial cells and in the vicinity of smooth muscle cells.
Conclusion—
Using a combination of innovative imaging modalities, in this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of applying P03011 as a contrast agent for imaging of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Michalska
- From the Experimentelle Physik V, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., V.H., G.L., T.K., P.J.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., E.B., W.R.B.); Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria (L.M.); Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum für Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.D.M., A.Z.); Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (G.K.); MRB Research Center
| | - Lina Machtoub
- From the Experimentelle Physik V, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., V.H., G.L., T.K., P.J.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., E.B., W.R.B.); Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria (L.M.); Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum für Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.D.M., A.Z.); Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (G.K.); MRB Research Center
| | - Helga D. Manthey
- From the Experimentelle Physik V, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., V.H., G.L., T.K., P.J.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., E.B., W.R.B.); Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria (L.M.); Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum für Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.D.M., A.Z.); Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (G.K.); MRB Research Center
| | - Elisabeth Bauer
- From the Experimentelle Physik V, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., V.H., G.L., T.K., P.J.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., E.B., W.R.B.); Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria (L.M.); Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum für Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.D.M., A.Z.); Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (G.K.); MRB Research Center
| | - Volker Herold
- From the Experimentelle Physik V, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., V.H., G.L., T.K., P.J.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., E.B., W.R.B.); Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria (L.M.); Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum für Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.D.M., A.Z.); Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (G.K.); MRB Research Center
| | - Georg Krohne
- From the Experimentelle Physik V, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., V.H., G.L., T.K., P.J.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., E.B., W.R.B.); Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria (L.M.); Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum für Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.D.M., A.Z.); Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (G.K.); MRB Research Center
| | - Gunthard Lykowsky
- From the Experimentelle Physik V, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., V.H., G.L., T.K., P.J.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., E.B., W.R.B.); Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria (L.M.); Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum für Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.D.M., A.Z.); Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (G.K.); MRB Research Center
| | - Markus Hildenbrand
- From the Experimentelle Physik V, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., V.H., G.L., T.K., P.J.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., E.B., W.R.B.); Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria (L.M.); Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum für Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.D.M., A.Z.); Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (G.K.); MRB Research Center
| | - Thomas Kampf
- From the Experimentelle Physik V, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., V.H., G.L., T.K., P.J.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., E.B., W.R.B.); Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria (L.M.); Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum für Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.D.M., A.Z.); Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (G.K.); MRB Research Center
| | - Peter Jakob
- From the Experimentelle Physik V, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., V.H., G.L., T.K., P.J.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., E.B., W.R.B.); Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria (L.M.); Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum für Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.D.M., A.Z.); Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (G.K.); MRB Research Center
| | - Alma Zernecke
- From the Experimentelle Physik V, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., V.H., G.L., T.K., P.J.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., E.B., W.R.B.); Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria (L.M.); Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum für Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.D.M., A.Z.); Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (G.K.); MRB Research Center
| | - Wolfgang R. Bauer
- From the Experimentelle Physik V, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., V.H., G.L., T.K., P.J.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (M.M., E.B., W.R.B.); Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria (L.M.); Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum für Experimentelle Biomedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.D.M., A.Z.); Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (G.K.); MRB Research Center
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Nordbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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Ziener CH, Kampf T, Melkus G, Jakob PM, Schlemmer HP, Bauer WR. Signal evolution in the local magnetic field of a capillary — analogy to the damped driven harmonic oscillator. Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 30:540-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Revised: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ziener CH, Kampf T, Reents G, Schlemmer HP, Bauer WR. Spin dephasing in a magnetic dipole field. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2012; 85:051908. [PMID: 23004789 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.051908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Transverse relaxation by dephasing in an inhomogeneous field is a general mechanism in physics, for example, in semiconductor physics, muon spectroscopy, or nuclear magnetic resonance. In magnetic resonance imaging the transverse relaxation provides information on the properties of several biological tissues. Since the dipole field is the most important part of the multipole expansion of the local inhomogeneous field, dephasing in a dipole field is highly important in relaxation theory. However, there have been no analytical solutions which describe the dephasing in a magnetic dipole field. In this work we give a complete analytical solution for the dephasing in a magnetic dipole field which is valid over the whole dynamic range.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Ziener
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Nordbeck P, Fidler F, Friedrich MT, Weiss I, Warmuth M, Gensler D, Herold V, Geistert W, Jakob PM, Ertl G, Ritter O, Ladd ME, Bauer WR, Quick HH. Reducing RF-related heating of cardiac pacemaker leads in MRI: implementation and experimental verification of practical design changes. Magn Reson Med 2012; 68:1963-72. [PMID: 22383393 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There are serious concerns regarding safety when performing magnetic resonance imaging in patients with implanted conductive medical devices, such as cardiac pacemakers, and associated leads, as severe incidents have occurred in the past. In this study, several approaches for altering an implant's lead design were systematically developed and evaluated to enhance the safety of implanted medical devices in a magnetic resonance imaging environment. The individual impact of each design change on radiofrequency heating was then systematically investigated in functional lead prototypes at 1.5 T. Radiofrequency-induced heating could be successfully reduced by three basic changes in conventional pacemaker lead design: (1) increasing the lead tip area, (2) increasing the lead conductor resistance, and (3) increasing outer lead insulation conductivity. The findings show that radiofrequency energy pickup in magnetic resonance imaging can be reduced and, therefore, patient safety can be improved with dedicated construction changes according to a "safe by design" strategy. Incorporation of the described alterations into implantable medical devices such as pacemaker leads can be used to help achieve favorable risk-benefit-ratios when performing magnetic resonance imaging in the respective patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Nordbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Nordbeck P, Beer M, Ladd ME, Quick HH, Bauer WR, Ritter O. CATHETER ABLATION GUIDED BY REAL-TIME MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: INITIAL CLINICAL APPLICATIONS. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(12)60580-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Reiter T, Gensler D, Ritter O, Weiss I, Geistert W, Kaufmann R, Hoffmeister S, Friedrich MT, Wintzheimer S, Düring M, Nordbeck P, Jakob PM, Ladd ME, Quick HH, Bauer WR. Direct cooling of the catheter tip increases safety for CMR-guided electrophysiological procedures. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2012; 14:12. [PMID: 22296883 PMCID: PMC3292926 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-14-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the safety concerns when performing electrophysiological (EP) procedures under magnetic resonance (MR) guidance is the risk of passive tissue heating due to the EP catheter being exposed to the radiofrequency (RF) field of the RF transmitting body coil. Ablation procedures that use catheters with irrigated tips are well established therapeutic options for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias and when used in a modified mode might offer an additional system for suppressing passive catheter heating. METHODS A two-step approach was chosen. Firstly, tests on passive catheter heating were performed in a 1.5 T Avanto system (Siemens Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Germany) using a ASTM Phantom in order to determine a possible maximum temperature rise. Secondly, a phantom was designed for simulation of the interface between blood and the vascular wall. The MR-RF induced temperature rise was simulated by catheter tip heating via a standard ablation generator. Power levels from 1 to 6 W were selected. Ablation duration was 120 s with no tip irrigation during the first 60 s and irrigation at rates from 2 ml/min to 35 ml/min for the remaining 60 s (Biotronik Qiona Pump, Berlin, Germany). The temperature was measured with fluoroscopic sensors (Luxtron, Santa Barbara, CA, USA) at a distance of 0 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm from the catheter tip. RESULTS A maximum temperature rise of 22.4°C at the catheter tip was documented in the MR scanner. This temperature rise is equivalent to the heating effect of an ablator's power output of 6 W at a contact force of the weight of 90 g (0.883 N). The catheter tip irrigation was able to limit the temperature rise to less than 2°C for the majority of examined power levels, and for all examined power levels the residual temperature rise was less than 8°C. CONCLUSION Up to a maximum of 22.4°C, the temperature rise at the tissue surface can be entirely suppressed by using the catheter's own irrigation system. The irrigated tip system can be used to increase MR safety of EP catheters by suppressing the effects of unwanted passive catheter heating due to RF exposure from the MR scanner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Reiter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Gensler
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Ritter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Wintzheimer
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Düring
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Nordbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Peter M Jakob
- Department of Experimental Physics V, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Mark E Ladd
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald H Quick
- Institute of Medical Physics (IMP), University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Gensler D, Fidler F, Ehses P, Warmuth M, Reiter T, Düring M, Ritter O, Ladd ME, Quick HH, Jakob PM, Bauer WR, Nordbeck P. MR safety: Fast T
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thermometry of the RF-induced heating of medical devices. Magn Reson Med 2012; 68:1593-9. [PMID: 22287286 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Gensler
- Research Center for Magnetic Resonance Bavaria e.V., Würzburg, Germany.
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Shanmugam N, Boerdlein A, Proff J, Ong P, Valencia O, Maier SKG, Bauer WR, Paul V, Sack S. Detection of atrial high-rate events by continuous home monitoring: clinical significance in the heart failure-cardiac resynchronization therapy population. Europace 2011; 14:230-7. [PMID: 21933802 PMCID: PMC3262405 DOI: 10.1093/europace/eur293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Uncertainty exists over the importance of device-detected short-duration atrial arrhythmias. Continuous atrial diagnostics, through home monitoring (HM) technology (BIOTRONIK, Berlin, Germany), provides a unique opportunity to assess frequency and quantity of atrial fibrillation (AF) episodes defined as atrial high-rate events (AHRE). METHODS AND RESULTS Prospective data from 560 heart failure (HF) patients (age 67 ± 10 years, median ejection fraction 27%) patients with a cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device capable of HM from two multi-centre studies were analysed. Atrial high-rate events burden was defined as the duration of mode switch in a 24-h period with atrial rates of >180 beats for at least 1% or total of 14 min per day. The primary endpoint was incidence of a thromboembolic (TE) event. Secondary endpoints were cardiovascular death, hospitalization because of AF, or worsening HF. Over a median 370-day follow-up AHRE occurred in 40% of patients with 11 (2%) patients developing TE complications and mortality rate of 4.3% (24 deaths, 16 with cardiovascular aetiology). Compared with patients without detected AHRE, patients with detected AHRE>3.8 h over a day were nine times more likely to develop TE complications (P= 0.006). The majority of patients (73%) did not show a temporal association with the detected atrial episode and their adverse event, with a mean interval of 46.7 ± 71.9 days (range 0-194) before the TE complication. CONCLUSION In a high-risk cohort of HF patients, device-detected atrial arrhythmias are associated with an increased incidence of TE events. A cut-off point of 3.8 h over 24 h was associated with significant increase in the event rate. Routine assessment of AHRE should be considered with other data when assessing stroke risk and considering anti-coagulation initiation and should also prompt the optimization of cardioprotective HF therapy in CRT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesan Shanmugam
- Department of Cardiology, St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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40
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Nordbeck P, Hiller KH, Fidler F, Warmuth M, Nahrendorf M, Jakob PM, Ertl G, Bauer WR, Ritter O. VISUALIZATION OF ACUTE AND SUBACUTE EP LESIONS IN PATIENTS AFTER ATRIAL FLUTTER ABLATION. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(11)60033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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41
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Nordbeck P, Hiller KH, Fidler F, Warmuth M, Burkard N, Nahrendorf M, Jakob PM, Quick HH, Ertl G, Bauer WR, Ritter O. Feasibility of contrast-enhanced and nonenhanced MRI for intraprocedural and postprocedural lesion visualization in interventional electrophysiology: animal studies and early delineation of isthmus ablation lesions in patients with typical atrial flutter. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2011; 4:282-94. [PMID: 21415125 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.110.957670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imaging of myocardial ablation lesions during electrophysiology procedures would enable superior guidance of interventions and immediate identification of potential complications. The aim of this study was to establish clinically suitable MRI-based imaging techniques for intraprocedural lesion visualization in interventional electrophysiology. METHODS AND RESULTS Interventional electrophysiology was performed under magnetic resonance guidance in an animal model, using a custom setup including magnetic resonance-conditional catheters. Various pulse sequences were explored for intraprocedural lesion visualization after radiofrequency ablation. The developed visualization techniques were then used to investigate lesion formation in patients immediately after ablation of atrial flutter. The animal studies in 9 minipigs showed that gadolinium-DTPA-enhanced T1-weighted and nonenhanced T2-weighted pulse sequences are particularly suitable for lesion visualization immediately after radiofrequency ablation. MRI-derived lesion size correlated well with autopsy (R(2)=0.799/0.709 for contrast-enhanced/nonenhanced imaging). Non-contrast agent-enhanced techniques were suitable for repetitive lesion visualization during electrophysiological interventions, thus allowing for intraprocedural monitoring of ablation success. The patient studies in 24 patients with typical atrial flutter several minutes to hours after cavotricuspid isthmus ablation confirmed the results from the animal experiments. Therapeutic lesions could be visualized in all patients using contrast-enhanced and also nonenhanced MRI with high contrast-to-noise ratio (94.6±35.2/111.1±32.6 versus 48.0±29.0/68.0±37.3 for ventricular/atrial lesions and contrast-enhanced versus nonenhanced imaging). CONCLUSIONS MRI allows for precise lesion visualization in electrophysiological interventions just minutes after radiofrequency ablation. Nonenhanced T2-weighted MRI is particularly feasible for intraprocedural delineation of lesion formation as lesions are detectable within minutes after radiofrequency delivery and imaging can be repeated during interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Nordbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Abstract
In an analytical model channel transport is analyzed as a function of key parameters, determining efficiency and selectivity of particle transport in a competitive molecular environment. These key parameters are the concentration of particles, solvent-channel exchange dynamics, as well as particle-in-channel- and interparticle interaction. These parameters are explicitly related to translocation dynamics and channel occupation probability. Slowing down the exchange dynamics at the channel ends, or elevating the particle concentration reduces the in-channel binding strength necessary to maintain maximum transport. Optimized in-channel interaction may even shift from binding to repulsion. A simple equation gives the interrelation of access dynamics and concentration at this transition point. The model is readily transferred to competitive transport of different species, each of them having their individual in-channel affinity. Combinations of channel affinities are determined which differentially favor selectivity of certain species on the cost of others. Selectivity for a species increases if its in-channel binding enhances the species' translocation probablity when compared to that of the other species. Selectivity increases particularly for a wide binding site, long channels, and fast access dynamics. Recent experiments on competitive transport of in-channel binding and inert molecules through artificial nuclear pores serve as a paradigm for our model. It explains qualitatively and quantitatively how binding molecules are favored for transport at the cost of the transport of inert molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Parczyk M, Herold V, Klug G, Bauer WR, Rommel E, Jakob PM. Regional in vivo transit time measurements of aortic pulse wave velocity in mice with high-field CMR at 17.6 Tesla. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2010; 12:72. [PMID: 21134260 PMCID: PMC3014910 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-12-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transgenic mouse models are increasingly used to study the pathophysiology of human cardiovascular diseases. The aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an indirect measure for vascular stiffness and a marker for cardiovascular risk. RESULTS This study presents a cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) transit time (TT) method that allows the determination of the PWV in the descending murine aorta by analyzing blood flow waveforms. Systolic flow pulses were recorded with a temporal resolution of 1 ms applying phase velocity encoding. In a first step, the CMR method was validated by pressure waveform measurements on a pulsatile elastic vessel phantom. In a second step, the CMR method was applied to measure PWVs in a group of five eight-month-old apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice and an age matched group of four C57Bl/6J mice. The ApoE(-/-) group had a higher mean PWV (PWV = 3.0 ± 0.6 m/s) than the C57Bl/6J group (PWV = 2.4 ± 0.4 m/s). The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study demonstrate that high field CMR is applicable to non-invasively determine and distinguish PWVs in the arterial system of healthy and diseased groups of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Parczyk
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Volker Herold
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gert Klug
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eberhard Rommel
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter M Jakob
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Kampf T, Fischer A, Basse-Lüsebrink TC, Ladewig G, Breuer F, Stoll G, Jakob PM, Bauer WR. Application of compressed sensing to in vivo 3D ¹⁹F CSI. J Magn Reson 2010; 207:262-273. [PMID: 20932790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2010.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Revised: 09/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study shows how applying compressed sensing (CS) to (19)F chemical shift imaging (CSI) makes highly accurate and reproducible reconstructions from undersampled datasets possible. The missing background signal in (19)F CSI provides the required sparsity needed for application of CS. Simulations were performed to test the influence of different CS-related parameters on reconstruction quality. To test the proposed method on a realistic signal distribution, the simulation results were validated by ex vivo experiments. Additionally, undersampled in vivo 3D CSI mouse datasets were successfully reconstructed using CS. The study results suggest that CS can be used to accurately and reproducibly reconstruct undersampled (19)F spectroscopic datasets. Thus, the scanning time of in vivo(19)F CSI experiments can be significantly reduced while preserving the ability to distinguish between different (19)F markers. The gain in scan time provides high flexibility in adjusting measurement parameters. These features make this technique a useful tool for multiple biological and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kampf
- Department of Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Hiller KH, Ruile P, Kraus G, Bauer WR, Waller C. Tissue ACE inhibition improves microcirculation in remote myocardium after coronary stenosis: MR imaging study in rats. Microvasc Res 2010; 80:484-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nordbeck P, Ritter O, Weiss I, Warmuth M, Gensler D, Burkard N, Herold V, Jakob PM, Ertl G, Ladd ME, Quick HH, Bauer WR. Impact of imaging landmark on the risk of MRI-related heating near implanted medical devices like cardiac pacemaker leads. Magn Reson Med 2010; 65:44-50. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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47
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Klug G, Kampf T, Bloemer S, Bremicker J, Ziener CH, Heymer A, Gbureck U, Rommel E, Nöth U, Schenk WA, Jakob PM, Bauer WR. Intracellular and extracellular T1 and T2 relaxivities of magneto-optical nanoparticles at experimental high fields. Magn Reson Med 2010; 64:1607-15. [PMID: 20665826 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2009] [Revised: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the T(1) and T(2) relaxation rates of rhodamine-labeled anionic magnetic nanoparticles determined at 7, 11.7, and 17.6 T both in solution and after cellular internalization. Therefore cells were incubated with rhodamine-labeled anionic magnetic nanoparticles and were prepared at decreasing concentrations. Additionally, rhodamine-labeled anionic magnetic nanoparticles in solution were used for extracellular measurements. T(1) and T(2) were determined at 7, 11.7, and 17.6 T. T(1) times were determined with an inversion-recovery snapshot-flash sequence. T(2) times were obtained from a multispin-echo sequence. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to determine the iron content in all samples, and r(1) and r(2) were subsequently calculated. The results were then compared with cells labeled with AMI-25 and VSOP C-200. In solution, the r(1) and r(2) of rhodamine-labeled anionic magnetic nanoparticles were 4.78/379 (7 T), 3.28/389 (11.7 T), and 2.00/354 (17.6 T). In cells, the r(1) and r(2) were 0.21/56 (7 T), 0.19/37 (11.7 T), and 0.1/23 (17.6 T). This corresponded to an 11- to 23-fold decrease in r(1) and an 8- to 15-fold decrease in r(2) . A decrease in r(1) was observed for AMI-25 and VSOP C-200. AMI-25 and VSOP exhibited a 2- to 8-fold decrease in r(2) . In conclusion, cellular internalization of iron oxide nanoparticles strongly decreased their T(1) and T(2) potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gert Klug
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Ziener CH, Kampf T, Jakob PM, Bauer WR. Diffusion effects on the CPMG relaxation rate in a dipolar field. J Magn Reson 2010; 202:38-42. [PMID: 19853483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The diffusion in the magnetic dipolar field around a sphere is considered. The diffusion is restricted to the space between two concentric spheres, where the inner sphere is the source of the magnetic dipolar field. Analytical expressions for the CPMG transverse relaxation rate as well as the free induction decay and the spin echo time evolution are given in the Gaussian approximation. The influence of the inter-echo time is analyzed. The limiting cases of small and large inter-echo times as well as the short and long time behavior are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Ziener
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Würzburg, Germany.
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Ziener CH, Glutsch S, Jakob PM, Bauer WR. Spin dephasing in the dipole field around capillaries and cells: numerical solution. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2009; 80:046701. [PMID: 19905476 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.80.046701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We numerically solve the Bloch-Torrey equation by discretizing the differential operators in real space using finite differences. The differential equation is either solved directly in time domain as initial-value problem or in frequency domain as boundary-value problem. Especially the solution in time domain is highly efficient and suitable for arbitrary domains and dimensions. As examples, we calculate the average magnetization and the frequency distribution for capillaries and cells which are idealized as cylinders and spheres, respectively. The solution is compared with the commonly used Gaussian approximation and the strong-collision approximation. While these approximations become exact in limiting cases (small or large diffusion coefficient), they strongly deviate from the numerical solution for intermediate values of the diffusion coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Ziener
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Würzburg, Germany
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Herold V, Parczyk M, Mörchel P, Ziener CH, Klug G, Bauer WR, Rommel E, Jakob PM. In vivo measurement of local aortic pulse-wave velocity in mice with MR microscopy at 17.6 tesla. Magn Reson Med 2009; 61:1293-9. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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