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Han S, Kim J, Kim SH, Youn W, Kim J, Ji GY, Yang S, Park J, Lee GM, Kim Y, Choi IS. In vitro induction of in vivo-relevant stellate astrocytes in 3D brain-derived, decellularized extracellular matrices. Acta Biomater 2023; 172:218-233. [PMID: 37788738 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
In vitro fabrication of 3D cell culture systems that could provide in vivo tissue-like, structural, and biochemical environments to neural cells is essential not only for fundamental studies on brain function and behavior, but also for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applicable to neural injury and neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, for astrocytes-which actively respond to the surroundings and exhibit varied morphologies based on stimuli (e.g., stiffness and chemicals) in vitro, as well as physiological or pathological conditions in vivo-it is crucial to establish an appropriate milieu in in vitro culture platforms. Herein, we report the induction of in vivo-relevant, stellate-shaped astrocytes derived from cortices of Rattus norvegicus by constructing the 3D cell culture systems of brain-derived, decellularized extracellular matrices (bdECMs). The bdECM hydrogels were mechanically stable and soft, and the bdECM-based 3D scaffolds supplied biochemically active environments that astrocytes could interact with, leading to the development of in vivo-like stellate structures. In addition to the distinct morphology with actively elongated endfeet, the astrocytes, cultured in 3D bdECM scaffolds, would have neurosupportive characteristics, indicated by the accelerated neurite outgrowth in the astrocyte-conditioned media. Furthermore, next-generation sequencing showed that the gene expression profiles of astrocytes cultured in bdECMs were significantly different from those cultured on 2D surfaces. The stellate-shaped astrocytes in the bdECMs were analyzed to have reached a more mature state, for instance, with decreased expression of genes for scaffold ECMs, actin filaments, and cell division. The results suggest that the bdECM-based 3D culture system offers an advanced platform for culturing primary cortical astrocytes and their mixtures with other neural cells, providing a brain-like, structural and biochemical milieu that promotes the maturity and in vivo-like characteristics of astrocytes in both form and gene expression. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Decellularized extracellular matrices (dECMs) have emerged as strong candidates for the construction of three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures in vitro, owing to the potential to provide native biochemical and physical environments. In this study, we fabricated hydrogels of brain-derived dECMs (bdECMs) and cultured primary astrocytes within the bdECM hydrogels in a 3D context. The cultured astrocytes exhibited a stellate morphology distinct from conventional 2D cultures, featuring tridimensionally elongated endfeet. qRT-PCR and NGS-based transcriptomic analyses revealed gene expression patterns indicative of a more mature state, compared with the 2D culture. Moreover, astrocytes cultured in bdECMs showed neurosupportive characteristics, as demonstrated by the accelerated neurite outgrowth in astrocyte-conditioned media. We believe that the bdECM hydrogel-based culture system can serve as an in vitro model system for astrocytes and their coculture with other neural cells, holding significant potential for neural engineering and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Han
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jungnam Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Su Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jihoo Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Gil Yong Ji
- Cannabis Medical, Inc., Asan 31418, South Korea
| | - Seoin Yang
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Joohyouck Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Gyun Min Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | | | - Insung S Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea; Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
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Lee H, Park J, Kim N, Youn W, Yun G, Han SY, Nguyen DT, Choi IS. Cell-in-Catalytic-Shell Nanoarchitectonics: Catalytic Empowerment of Individual Living Cells by Single-Cell Nanoencapsulation. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2201247. [PMID: 35641454 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell-in-shell biohybrid structures, synthesized by encapsulating individual living cells with exogenous materials, have emerged as exciting functional entities for engineered living materials, with emergent properties outside the scope of biochemical modifications. Artificial exoskeletons have, to date, provided physicochemical shelters to the cells inside in the first stage of technological development, and further advances in the field demand catalytically empowered, cellular hybrid systems that augment the biological functions of cells and even introduce completely new functions to the cells. This work describes a facile and generalizable strategy for empowering living cells with extrinsic catalytic capability through nanoencapsulation of living cells with a supramolecular metal-organic complex of Fe3+ and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (BTC). A series of enzymes are embedded in situ, without loss of catalytic activity, in the Fe3+ -BTC shells, not to mention the superior characteristics of cytocompatible and rapid shell-forming processes. The nanoshell enhances the catalytic efficiency of multienzymatic cascade reactions by confining reaction intermediates to its internal voids and the nanoencapsulated cells acquire exogenous biochemical functions, including enzymatic cleavage of lethal octyl-β-d-glucopyranoside into d-glucose, with autonomous cytoprotection. The system will provide a versatile, nanoarchitectonic tool for interfacing biological cells with functional materials, especially for catalytic bioempowerment of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojae Lee
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Joohyouck Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Gyeongwon Yun
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Sang Yeong Han
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Duc Tai Nguyen
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Insung S Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
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Lee W, Yudhistira T, Youn W, Han S, Halle MB, Choi JH, Kim Y, Choi IS, Churchill DG. Inexpensive water soluble methyl methacrylate-functionalized hydroxyphthalimide: variations of the mycophenolic acid core for selective live cell imaging of free cysteine. Analyst 2021; 146:2212-2220. [PMID: 33595018 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02185g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evident from numerous studies, cysteine plays a crucial role in cellular function. Reactions with analyte also enables for molecular recognition to adhere to molecular therapeutic potential; integration between synthetic probes therefore allows for a potentially deep therapy-related interogation of biological systems (theranostics). The development of molecular cysteine probes with extremely accurate detection is still a key challenge for the field. The development of water-soluble organic molecular fluorescent probes able to efficiently distinguish common biothiols such as cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy) and glutathione (GSH) by chemical recognition means i.e. by (binding, cleavage) in biological systems is a greatly sought research challenge due to the similarity of the small sulfhydryl-containing species. Herein, we have developed a water-soluble and highly cell viable fluorescent organic molecule (log P = 0.82) for the selective detection of cysteine. The probe (Myco-Cys) shows a "turn-on" response with the cleavage ester linkage of the methacrylate as cysteine is encountered in solution. The probe shows strong fluorescence enhancement (16.5-fold) when treated with Cys (1 equiv., 10 μM) compared to closely related species such as amino acids, including HCy/GSH, and the limit of detection was determined as 45.0 nM. DFT calculations helped confirm the photomechanism of Myco-Cys. Furthermore, the sensing ability of the probe was demonstrated by living cell assays through the use of confocal fluorescence microscopy. Myco-Cys could selectively detect cysteine among biothiols. Myco-Cys was able to monitor the cysteine level, apart from the oxidative stress present in the form of H2O2 in A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woohyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
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Moon HC, Choi H, Kikionis S, Seo J, Youn W, Ioannou E, Han SY, Cho H, Roussis V, Choi IS. Fabrication and Characterization of Neurocompatible Ulvan-Based Layer-by-Layer Films. Langmuir 2020; 36:11610-11617. [PMID: 32964713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Construction of extracellular matrix-mimetic nanofilms has considerable potential in biomedical and nanomedicinal fields. In this work, we fabricated neurocompatible layer-by-layer (LbL) films based on ulvan (ULV), a highly sulfated polysaccharide having compositional similarity to glycosaminoglycans that play important functional roles in the brain. ULV was durably assembled as a film with chitosan, another marine-derived polysaccharide, and the film enabled the stable adhesion of primary hippocampal neurons with high viability, comparable to the conventional poly-d-lysine surface. Notably, the ULV-based LbL films accelerated neurite outgrowth and selectively suppressed the adhesion of astrocytes, highlighting its potential as an advanced platform for neural implants and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Chul Moon
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Choi
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Stefanos Kikionis
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Jeongyeon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Wongu Youn
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Efstathia Ioannou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | | | | | - Vassilios Roussis
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Insung S Choi
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Youn W, Kim JY, Park J, Kim N, Choi H, Cho H, Choi IS. Single-Cell Nanoencapsulation: From Passive to Active Shells. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1907001. [PMID: 32255241 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201907001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell nanoencapsulation is an emerging field in cell-surface engineering, emphasizing the protection of living cells against external harmful stresses in vitro and in vivo. Inspired by the cryptobiotic state found in nature, cell-in-shell structures are formed, which are called artificial spores and which show suppression or retardation in cell growth and division and enhanced cell survival under harsh conditions. The property requirements of the shells suggested for realization of artificial spores, such as durability, permselectivity, degradability, and functionalizability, are demonstrated with various cytocompatible materials and processes. The first-generation shells in single-cell nanoencapsulation are passive in the operation mode, and do not biochemically regulate the cellular metabolism or activities. Recent advances indicate that the field has shifted further toward the formation of active shells. Such shells are intimately involved in the regulation and manipulation of biological processes. Not only endowing the cells with new properties that they do not possess in their native forms, active shells also regulate cellular metabolism and/or rewire biological pathways. Recent developments in shell formation for microbial and mammalian cells are discussed and an outlook on the field is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Ji Yup Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Joohyouck Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyeoncheol Cho
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Insung S Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
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Seo J, Youn W, Choi JY, Cho H, Choi H, Lanara C, Stratakis E, Choi IS. Neuro-taxis: Neuronal movement in gradients of chemical and physical environments. Dev Neurobiol 2020; 80:361-377. [PMID: 32304173 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Environmental chemical and physical cues dynamically interact with migrating neurons and sprouting axons, and in particular, the gradients of environmental cues are regarded as one of the factors intimately involved in the neuronal movement. Since a growth cone was first described by Cajal, more than one century ago, chemical gradients have been suggested as one of the mechanisms by which the neurons determine proper paths and destinations. However, the gradients of physical cues, such as stiffness and topography, which also interact constantly with the neurons and their axons as a component of the extracellular environments, have rarely been noted regarding the guidance of neurons, despite their gradually increasingly reported influences in the case of nonneuronal-cell migration. In this review, we discuss chemical (i.e., chemo- and hapto-) and physical (i.e., duro-) taxis phenomena on the movement of neurons including axonal elongation. In addition, we suggest topotaxis, the most recently proposed physical-taxis phenomenon, as another potential mechanism in the neuronal movement, based on the reports of neuronal recognition of and responses to nanotopography.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wongu Youn
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Yu Choi
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | | | - Christina Lanara
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Physics Department, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Insung S Choi
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
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Lee H, Park J, Han SY, Han S, Youn W, Choi H, Yun G, Choi IS. Ascorbic acid-mediated reductive disassembly of Fe3+-tannic acid shells in degradable single-cell nanoencapsulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13748-13751. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05856d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The simple use of vitamin C leads to the reductive disassembly of the Fe3+-TA complex and in situ artificial shell degradation in single-cell nanoencapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojae Lee
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Joohyouck Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Sang Yeong Han
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Sol Han
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Gyeongwon Yun
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Insung S. Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
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Kim S, Youn W, Choi IS, Park JH. Thickness-Tunable Eggshell Membrane Hydrolysate Nanocoating with Enhanced Cytocompatibility and Neurite Outgrowth. Langmuir 2019; 35:12562-12568. [PMID: 31448611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The eggshell membrane is one of the easily obtainable natural biomaterials, but has been neglected in the biomaterial community, compared with marine biomaterials and discarded as a food waste. In this work, we utilized the ESM hydrolysate (ESMH), which was obtained by the enzymochemical method, as a bioactive functional material for interfacial bioengineering, exemplified by thickness-tunable, layer-by-layer (LbL) nanocoating with the Fe(III)-tannic acid (TA) complex. [Fe(III)-TA/ESMH] LbL films, ending with the ESMH layer, showed great cytocompatiblility with HeLa cells and even primary hippocampal neuron cells. More importantly, the films were found to be neurochemically active, inducing the acceleration of neurite outgrowth for the long-term neuron culture. We believe that the ability for building cytocompatible ESMH films in a thickness-tunable manner would be applicable to a broad range of different nanomaterials in shape and size and would be utilized with multimodal functionalities for biomedical applications, such as bioencapsulation, theranostics, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulbi Kim
- Department of Science Education , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea
| | - Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry , KAIST , Daejeon 34141 , Korea
| | - Insung S Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry , KAIST , Daejeon 34141 , Korea
| | - Ji Hun Park
- Department of Science Education , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea
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Lee H, Kim WI, Youn W, Park T, Lee S, Kim TS, Mano JF, Choi IS. Iron Gall Ink Revisited: In Situ Oxidation of Fe(II)-Tannin Complex for Fluidic-Interface Engineering. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1805091. [PMID: 30302842 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The ancient wisdom found in iron gall ink guides this work to a simple but advanced solution to the molecular engineering of fluidic interfaces. The Fe(II)-tannin coordination complex, a precursor of the iron gall ink, transforms into interface-active Fe(III)-tannin species, by oxygen molecules, which form a self-assembled layer at the fluidic interface spontaneously but still controllably. Kinetic studies show that the oxidation rate is directed by the counteranion of Fe(II) precursor salts, and FeCl2 is found to be more effective than FeSO4 -an ingredient of iron gall ink-in the interfacial-film fabrication. The optimized protocol leads to the formation of micrometer-thick, free-standing films at the air-water interface by continuously generating Fe(III)-tannic acid complexes in situ. The durable films formed are transferable, self-healable, pliable, and postfunctionalizable, and are hardened further by transfer to the basic buffer. This O2 -instructed film formation can be applied to other fluidic interfaces that have high O2 level, demonstrated by emulsion stabilization and concurrent capsule formation at the oil-water interface with no aid of surfactants. The system, inspired by the iron gall ink, provides new vistas on interface engineering and related materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojae Lee
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Won Il Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Taegyun Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Insung S Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
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Kim JY, Kim WI, Youn W, Seo J, Kim BJ, Lee JK, Choi IS. Enzymatic film formation of nature-derived phenolic amines. Nanoscale 2018; 10:13351-13355. [PMID: 29995030 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04312d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An enzyme-instructed method is developed for material-independent, cytocompatible coating of phenolic amines, inspired by melanogenesis found in nature. Tyrosinase-based film formation proceeds smoothly in an aqueous solution at neutral pH, and can use various phenolic amines including catecholamines, such as tyrosine, tyramine, dopamine, norepinephrine, and DOPA, as a coating precursor. Compared with polydopamine coating, the method is fast and efficient, and forms uniform films. Its high cytocompatibility is advantageously applied to cell-surface engineering, where chemically labile Jurkat cells are coated individually without any noticeable decrease in viability. Considering the huge potential of polyphenolic-based coatings, the strategy developed herein will provide an advanced tool for manipulating biological entities, including living cells, in biomedical and medicinal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yup Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
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Youn W, Ko EH, Kim MH, Park M, Hong D, Seisenbaeva GA, Kessler VG, Choi IS. Cover Picture: Cytoprotective Encapsulation of Individual Jurkat T Cells within Durable TiO 2
Shells for T-Cell Therapy (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 36/2017). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Eun Hyea Ko
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Mi-Hee Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Matthew Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Daewha Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Korea
| | - Gulaim A. Seisenbaeva
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; BioCenter; Swedish University of Agriculural Sciences; Box 7015 75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Vadim G. Kessler
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; BioCenter; Swedish University of Agriculural Sciences; Box 7015 75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Insung S. Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
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Youn W, Ko EH, Kim MH, Park M, Hong D, Seisenbaeva GA, Kessler VG, Choi IS. Titelbild: Cytoprotective Encapsulation of Individual Jurkat T Cells within Durable TiO 2
Shells for T-Cell Therapy (Angew. Chem. 36/2017). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Eun Hyea Ko
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Mi-Hee Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Matthew Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Daewha Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Korea
| | - Gulaim A. Seisenbaeva
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; BioCenter; Swedish University of Agriculural Sciences; Box 7015 75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Vadim G. Kessler
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; BioCenter; Swedish University of Agriculural Sciences; Box 7015 75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Insung S. Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
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Park M, Youn W, Kim D, Ko EH, Kim BJ, Kang SM, Kang K, Choi IS. Modulation of Heterotypic and Homotypic Cell-Cell Interactions via Zwitterionic Lipid Masks. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28429416 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since the pioneering work by Whitesides, innumerable platforms that aim to spatio-selectively seed cells and control the degree of cell-cell interactions in vitro have been developed. These methods, however, have generally been technically and methodologically complex, or demanded stringent materials and conditions. In this work, we introduce zwitterionic lipids as patternable, cell-repellant masks for selectively seeding cells. The lipid masks are easily removed with a routine washing step under physiological conditions (37 °C, pH 7.4), and are used to create patterned cocultures, as well as to conduct cell migration studies. We demonstrate, via patterned cocultures of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and HeLa cells, that HeLa cells proliferate far more aggressively than NIH 3T3 cells, regardless of initial population sizes. We also show that fibronectin-coated substrates induce cell movement akin to collective migration in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, while the cells cultured on unmodified substrates migrate independently. Our lipid mask platform offers a rapid and highly biocompatible means of selectively seeding cells, and acts as a versatile tool for the study of cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
| | - Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
| | - Doyeon Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
| | - Eun Hyea Ko
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
| | - Beom Jin Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
| | - Sung Min Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 South Korea
| | - Kyungtae Kang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Kyung Hee University; Yongin Gyeonggi 17104 South Korea
| | - Insung S. Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
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Youn W, Ko EH, Kim MH, Park M, Hong D, Seisenbaeva GA, Kessler VG, Choi IS. Cytoprotective Encapsulation of Individual Jurkat T Cells within Durable TiO2
Shells for T-Cell Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Eun Hyea Ko
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Mi-Hee Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Matthew Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Daewha Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Korea
| | - Gulaim A. Seisenbaeva
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; BioCenter; Swedish University of Agriculural Sciences; Box 7015 75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Vadim G. Kessler
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; BioCenter; Swedish University of Agriculural Sciences; Box 7015 75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Insung S. Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
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Youn W, Ko EH, Kim MH, Park M, Hong D, Seisenbaeva GA, Kessler VG, Choi IS. Cytoprotective Encapsulation of Individual Jurkat T Cells within Durable TiO 2 Shells for T-Cell Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10702-10706. [PMID: 28544545 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocytes, such as T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, have therapeutic promise in adoptive cell transfer (ACT) therapy, where the cells are activated and expanded in vitro and then infused into a patient. However, the in vitro preservation of labile lymphocytes during transfer, manipulation, and storage has been one of the bottlenecks in the development and commercialization of therapeutic lymphocytes. Herein, we suggest a cell-in-shell (or artificial spore) strategy to enhance the cell viability in the practical settings, while maintaining biological activities for therapeutic efficacy. A durable titanium oxide (TiO2 ) shell is formed on individual Jurkat T cells, and the CD3 and other antigens on cell surfaces remain accessible to the antibodies. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion is also not hampered by the shell formation. This work suggests a chemical toolbox for effectively preserving lymphocytes in vitro and developing the lymphocyte-based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Eun Hyea Ko
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Mi-Hee Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Matthew Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Daewha Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea
| | - Gulaim A Seisenbaeva
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agriculural Sciences, Box 7015, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vadim G Kessler
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agriculural Sciences, Box 7015, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Insung S Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
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Kim JY, Lee H, Park T, Park J, Kim MH, Cho H, Youn W, Kang SM, Choi IS. Artificial Spores: Cytocompatible Coating of Living Cells with Plant-Derived Pyrogallol. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:3183-3187. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yup Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Hojae Lee
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Taegyun Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Joonhong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea, St. Mary's Hospital; Seoul 06591 Korea
| | - Mi-Hee Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Hyeoncheol Cho
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Sung Min Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 Korea
| | - Insung S. Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
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Lea P, Lee LM, Shi QW, Takahashi M, Youn W, Jackowski G. Advantages of backscatter electron imaging scanning electron microscopy for intracellular localization of cardiac analytes by gold conjugated antibody. Scanning 1996; 18:259-268. [PMID: 8653228 DOI: 10.1002/sca.1996.4950180401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Myoglobin and myosin light chain 1 (MLC1) are intracellular human cardiac marker proteins which are released as a consequence of ischemia. Human cardiomyocytes were isolated from fresh biopsies and also maintained for several passages in cell culture. The cardiomyocytes were fixed in 100% methanol at -20 degrees C, and labeled. The immunolocalization of intracellular antigen by fluorescence conjugated imaging was compared with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) backscatter electron (BSE) imaging of gold conjugated antibody. Ultra-violet light microscopy showed the intracellular distribution of both proteins to be mainly in the nuclear envelope, the cytoplasm immediately surrounding the nucleus and along portions of the cell membrane. To confirm this observed distribution of myoglobin and MLC1, labeling was repeated with antimyoglobin and anti-MLC1 monoclonal antibodies conjugated to colloidal gold particles. The advantage of colloidal gold labeling is that the intracellular antigen-antibody complexes may be more precisely located because of the significant improvement in resolution provided by BSE imaging in the SEM. BSE imaging confirmed the presence and subsarcolemma localization of myoglobin in cardiomyocytes directly isolated from fresh biopsies. The distribution of colloidal gold-conjugated antibodies did not coincide with the intracellular distribution of the two proteins in the cardiomyocytes grown in cell culture as indicated by immunofluorescence. A relatively random, intracellular gold particle distribution was confirmed by x-ray microanalysis. BSE imaging resulted in consistent auto-backscatter labeling patterns very similar to the labeling patterns obtained with immunofluorescent labeling. X-ray microanalysis confirmed that these auto-backscatter labeling patterns were formed by concentrations of intracellular phosphate. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and subsequent Western blotting indicated that myoglobin and MLC1 were no longer present in detectable quantities in these cells after several passages. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of mRNA for human myoglobin and cardiac MLC1 confirmed the absence of their transcripts. Electrophoretic analysis of proteins in cardiomyocytes grown in cell culture confirmed an increasing presence of alkaline phosphatase. Staining of this enzyme with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate and nitroblue tetrazolium showed that alkaline phosphatase was distributed in the same intracellular pattern as the fluorescence conjugated anti-body and the phosphatase auto-backscatter. These results indicate that high-resolution backscatter SEM imaging may be used as necessary control to confirm fluorescence light microscope intracellular labeling of antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lea
- Spectral Diagnostics Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Skea D, Youn W, Kang J, Gawad Y, Stanton E, Turpie A, Buchanan M, Takahashi M, Jackowski G. Rapid assay for the detection of anti-streptokinase antibody in human blood. Clin Biochem 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-9120(95)91352-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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