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Han S, Nie C, Wang C, Song M, Li J, Cui X, Yang Q, Li Y, Chen Y, Li Q, Cai W, Weng X, Wang Y, Zhu X. Shenlian extract improves atherosclerosis by relieving adventitial inflammation. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 320:117339. [PMID: 37866468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shenlian (SL) extract, a Chinese medicinal compound mainly pointing at inflammation response of atherosclerosis, is composed of Salvia miltiorrhizae Bunge and Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees. Salvia miltiorrhizae Bunge has been reported to activate blood to remove stasis, while another herb, Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees, has been revealed to clear endogenous heat toxins. The anti-atherosclerotic effects of these two herbs have been reported closely relating to inflammation. However, from the point of view of adventitial inflammation, the in-depth study of SL extract in anti-atherosclerotic effects by relieving adventitial inflammation is still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the effects of adventitial inflammation in atherosclerosis progression and if SL extract could reverse the process. MATERIALS AND METHODS A novel atherosclerosis model based on adventitial inflammation was established. High-fat diet-fed ApoE-/- mice were implanted a cotton thread soaked with LPS on the right common carotid artery (RCCA). Meanwhile, three time points were set (week 2, 4, and 12) to accurately evaluate the effect of SL extract on the whole process of atherosclerosis with adventitial inflammation. The pathological changes of phenotype transformation of VAFs, vascular cell proliferation and collagen synthesis were observed dynamically by immunohistochemistry (IHC), BrdU method and sirius red staining. Then primary VAFs were stimulated by LPS to mirror the process of adventitial inflammation in vitro. The VAFS phenotype conversion and its function alterations including proliferation, migration, inflammatory secretion was assessed. Finally, we established a co-culture model of activated VAFs and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to observe the impacts of activated VAFs on phenotype transformation and migration of VSMCs. RESULTS SL extract improved atherosclerosis progression by reducing lipid content, adventitial inflammation and plaque formation. HE results showed sham-operated group (Sham) appeared light infiltrated inflammation only in adventitia at week 2, and the degree of inflammation infiltrated in model was more severe than that in Sham at week 2, 4, and 12. At week 12, the sham and model group showed evidently thickened media and intima. The phenotypic transformation, proliferation and migration of vascular adventitial fibroblasts (VAFs) as well as inflammatory secretion enhanced remarkably in vivo and vitro, but SL extract reversed these changes. Moreover, SL extract downregulated JAK2-STAT3-MMP2 signal pathway. The VSMCs transformed from contractile phenotype into synthetic phenotype and the migration of VSMCs increased after co-culture with activated VAFs. In contrast, SL extract could suppress theses effects. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, atherosclerotic inflammation could be a "outside-in" signaling. Adventitial inflammation not only accelerated intimal plaque formation in atherosclerosis, but also worsened the degree of vascular lesion. And SL extract improved atherosclerosis by relieving adventitial inflammation, and the underlying mechanisms could be associated with curbing phenotypic transformation, proliferation and migration of VAFs and VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Han
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Chunxia Nie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Chunmiao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Min Song
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xihe Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Zhang H, Cai W, Dong L, Yang Q, Li Q, Ran Q, Liu L, Wang Y, Li Y, Weng X, Zhu X, Chen Y. Jiaohong pills attenuate neuroinflammation and amyloid-β protein-induced cognitive deficits by modulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor kappa-B pathway. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38177948 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jiaohong pills (JHP) consist of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli (PZ) and Radix Rehmanniae, two herbs that have been extensively investigated over many years due to their potential protective effects against cognitive decline and memory impairment. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects remain elusive. Here, research studies were conducted to investigate and validate the therapeutic effects of JHP on Alzheimer's disease. METHODS BV-2 cell inflammation was induced by lipopolysaccharide. AD mice were administered amyloid-β (Aβ). Behavioral experiments were used to evaluate learning and memory ability. The levels of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the phosphorylation level of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) were detected using Western blot. Nissl staining was used to detect neuronal degeneration. RESULTS The results demonstrated that an alcoholic extract of PZ significantly decreased the levels of NO, IL-1β, TNF-α, and iNOS; increased the expression level of IL-10; and significantly decreased the phosphorylation levels of MAPK and NF-κB. These inhibitory effects were further confirmed in the AD mouse model. Meanwhile, JHP improved learning and memory function in AD mice, reduced neuronal damage, and enriched the Nissl bodies in the hippocampus. Moreover, IL-1β and TNF-α in the cortex were significantly downregulated after JHP administration, whereas IL-10 showed increased expression. CONCLUSIONS It was found that JHP reduced neuroinflammatory response in AD mice by targeting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijinchuan Dong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsen Ran
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Weng X, Fu JC, Huang QT, Liu X, Huang YH. [Primary central nervous system ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma: a clinicopathological analysis of four cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:1031-1033. [PMID: 37805396 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230314-00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X Weng
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - J C Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Q T Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Y H Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Yao Y, Wu YS, Weng X, Viswanath K, Lee EWJ, Wang MP. Socio-economic disparities in exposure to and endorsement of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation and the associations with vaccine hesitancy and vaccination. Public Health 2023; 223:217-222. [PMID: 37677851 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined disparities in vaccine misinformation exposure and endorsement and the associations with vaccine hesitancy and vaccination uptake. STUDY DESIGN Population-based survey. METHODS A population-based survey was conducted on 5,002 Hong Kong adults oversampling low socio-economic status (SES, n = 2,200). Information on exposure (13 misinformation statements, total 0-13, median = 2), endorsement (13 statements, score 0-10, high scores indicate higher levels of endorsement, median = 5.75) of misinformation, vaccine hesitancy (14 items, score 1-5), and vaccination (two doses) were collected. Multivariable regression (adjusted β [aβ]) and Poisson regression (adjusted risk ratio [aRR]) adjusting for demographic characteristics were used to examine the associations of exposure to and endorsement of misinformation with vaccine hesitancy and vaccination. RESULTS A total of 71.8% of respondents had at least exposure to one vaccine misinformation, and 35.7% had a high level of endorsement (median or above). Respondents with lower SES had a lower exposure (≤2 statements, 57.1% vs 50.1%, P < 0.001) but a higher level of endorsement (36.6% vs 34.9%, P = 0.01) of misinformation. Overall, 72.9% had been vaccinated for two or more doses, with a lower proportion in respondents with lower SES (83.6% vs 61.1%; P < 0.001). Compared with no exposure to misinformation, high levels of exposure and endorsement were associated with vaccine hesitancy (aβ = 0.44, 95% confidence interval 0.40-0.48; aβ = 0.50, 0.47-0.54, respectively) and lower vaccination rates (aRR = 0.98, 0.97-0.99; aRR = 0.92, 0.88-0.96, respectively). Vaccine hesitancy mediated the associations of exposure (fully, 100%) and endorsement (partially, 73%) with vaccination uptake. CONCLUSION Endorsement of vaccine misinformation in respondents with lower SES was associated with low vaccination uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yao
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y S Wu
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - X Weng
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Science, Beijing Normal University (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai, China
| | - K Viswanath
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - E W J Lee
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M P Wang
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Wu RN, Weng X, Guan H, Liu X. [Primary sarcoma with internal tandem duplication of BCOR in fibula: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:865-868. [PMID: 37527999 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230304-00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R N Wu
- Department of Pathology, the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - X Weng
- Department of Pathology, the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - H Guan
- Department of Pathology, the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Pathology, the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China
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Zhang Y, Yuan W, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liang H, Xu Q, Liu Z, Weng X. Plasma membrane lipid composition and metabolomics analysis of Yorkshire boar sperms with high and low resistance to cryopreservation. Theriogenology 2023; 206:28-39. [PMID: 37178672 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The resistance of sperm to freezing varies widely among boars. The semen ejaculate of different boars can be grouped into poor freezability ejaculate (PFE) and good freezability ejaculate (GFE). In this study, five Yorkshire boars each of the GFE and PFE were selected by comparing the changes in sperm motility before and after cryopreservation. Firstly, we found that the sperm plasma membrane of the PFE group showed weak integrity after PI and 6-CFDA staining. Then the electron microscopy results verified that the plasma membrane condition of all segments of GFE was better than that of PFE segments. Furthermore, the lipid composition of sperm plasma membranes in GPE and PFE sperm was analyzed by using mass spectrometry, and 15 lipids showed differences between the two groups. Among those lipids, only phosphatidylcholine (PC) (14:0/20:4) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (14:0/20:4) were higher in PFE. The remaining lipid contents, including those of dihydroceramide (18:0/18:0), four hexosylceramides (18:1/20:1, 18:0/22:1, 18:1/16:0, 18:1/18:0), lactosylceramide (18:1/16:0), two hemolyzed phosphatidylethanolamines (18:2, 20:2), five phosphatidylcholines (16:1/18:2, 18:2/16:1, 14:0/20:4, 16:0/18:3, 18:1/20:2), and two phosphatidylethanolamines (14:0/20:4, 18:1/18:3), were all positively correlated with resistance to cryopreservation (p < 0.05, r > 0.6). Moreover, we analyzed the metabolic profile of sperm using untarget metabolomic. KEGG annotation analysis revealed that the altered metabolites were mainly involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. Finally, we determined that the contents of oleic acid, oleamideetc, N8-acetylspermidine etc., were different between GFE and PFE sperm. In summary, the different lipid metabolism levels and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in plasma membrane may be key factors contributing to differences in sperm resistance to cryopreservation among boars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Wenjing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hanlin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Breeding and Feeding of Pig in Northern Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Breeding and Feeding of Pig in Northern Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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Lu S, Li Y, Qian Z, Zhao T, Feng Z, Weng X, Yu L. Role of the inflammasome in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1052756. [PMID: 36993972 PMCID: PMC10040598 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1052756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is a protein complex composed of a variety of proteins in cells and which participates in the innate immune response of the body. It can be activated by upstream signal regulation and plays an important role in pyroptosis, apoptosis, inflammation, tumor regulation, etc. In recent years, the number of metabolic syndrome patients with insulin resistance (IR) has increased year by year, and the inflammasome is closely related to the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases. The inflammasome can directly or indirectly affect conduction of the insulin signaling pathway, involvement the occurrence of IR and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, various therapeutic agents also work through the inflammasome to treat with diabetes. This review focuses on the role of inflammasome on IR and T2DM, pointing out the association and utility value. Briefly, we have discussed the main inflammasomes, including NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP6 and AIM2, as well as their structure, activation and regulation in IR were described in detail. Finally, we discussed the current therapeutic options-associated with inflammasome for the treatment of T2DM. Specially, the NLRP3-related therapeutic agents and options are widely developed. In summary, this article reviews the role of and research progress on the inflammasome in IR and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Lu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yanrong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zhaojun Qian
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Tiesuo Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zhiwei Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Yu, ; Xiaogang Weng,
| | - Lili Yu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Yu, ; Xiaogang Weng,
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An J, Du Y, Hong P, Zhang L, Weng X. Insect recognition based on complementary features from multiple views. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2966. [PMID: 36806209 PMCID: PMC9940688 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29600-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Insect pest recognition has always been a significant branch of agriculture and ecology. The slight variance among different kinds of insects in appearance makes it hard for human experts to recognize. It is increasingly imperative to finely recognize specific insects by employing machine learning methods. In this study, we proposed a feature fusion network to synthesize feature presentations in different backbone models. Firstly, we employed one CNN-based backbone ResNet, and two attention-based backbones Vision Transformer and Swin Transformer to localize the important regions of insect images with Grad-CAM. During this process, we designed new architectures for these two Transformers to enable Grad-CAM to be applicable in such attention-based models. Then we further proposed an attention-selection mechanism to reconstruct the attention area by delicately integrating the important regions, enabling these partial but key expressions to complement each other. We only need part of the image scope that represents the most crucial decision-making information for insect recognition. We randomly selected 20 species of insects from the IP102 dataset and then adopted all 102 kinds of insects to test the classification performance. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms other advanced CNN-based models. More importantly, our attention-selection mechanism demonstrates good robustness to augmented images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin An
- grid.412243.20000 0004 1760 1136School of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China ,grid.458458.00000 0004 1792 6416State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Du
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China ,grid.412243.20000 0004 1760 1136School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Hong
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China ,Neusoft Research of Intelligent Healthcare Technology, Co. Ltd., Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
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Du X, Liu L, Yang L, Sun L, Ran Q, Chen Y, Li Y, Yang Q, Wang Y, Weng X, Cai W, Zhu X, Li Q. A novel anti-metastatic extract from Stellera chamaejasme Linn . suppresses breast tumor cell motility through inhibition of focal adhesion kinase. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:3004-3006. [PMID: 36583616 PMCID: PMC10106248 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinke Du
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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Song M, Cui X, Zhang J, Li Y, Li J, Zang Y, Li Q, Yang Q, Chen Y, Cai W, Weng X, Wang Y, Zhu X. Shenlian extract attenuates myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury via inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization by silencing miR-155. Pharm Biol 2022; 60:2011-2024. [PMID: 36239618 PMCID: PMC9578494 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2117828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Shenlian extract (SL) is a combination of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (Labiatae) and Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Wall. Ex Nees (Acanthaceae) extracts, which promote blood circulation and clear endogenous heat toxins. Myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI) is aggravated myocardial tissue damage induced by reperfusion therapy after myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVES This study explores the effect of SL on MI/RI and the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary peritoneal macrophages (pMACs) were treated with LPS and SL (5, 10 or 20 μg/mL) for 24 h. The myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (MI/R) model was established after administration of different doses of SL (90, 180 or 360 mg/kg). Myocardial tissue injury was assessed by methylthiazolyl tetrazolium (TTC) staining and levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in mice. The double immunofluorescence staining of iNOS/F4/80 and CD86/F4/80 was used to detect macrophage M1 polarization. The levels of miR-155, inflammatory factors and chemokines were detected by qRT-PCR or ELISA. CD86, iNOS, SOCS3, JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT3 and p-STAT3 proteins expressions in macrophages were analyzed by western blotting. Conditioned medium transfer systems were designed to unite M1 macrophages with H/R cardiomyocytes, and cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining, western blotting or immunohistochemistry. RESULTS SL reduced apoptosis, diminished CK and LDH levels, raised SOD concentration and decreased infarct size in the MI/R model. Meanwhile, SL decreased miR-155 level, inhibited M1 macrophage polarization and inflammation. Furthermore, SL promoted SOCS3 expression and blocked JAK2/STAT3 pathway in vitro. CONCLUSIONS SL may be a promising TCM candidate for MI/RI. The underlying mechanisms could be associated with inhibition of M1 macrophage polarization via down-regulating miR-155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Song
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xihe Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanlong Zang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
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11
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An J, Weng X. Collectively encoding protein properties enriches protein language models. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:467. [DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-05031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPre-trained natural language processing models on a large natural language corpus can naturally transfer learned knowledge to protein domains by fine-tuning specific in-domain tasks. However, few studies focused on enriching such protein language models by jointly learning protein properties from strongly-correlated protein tasks. Here we elaborately designed a multi-task learning (MTL) architecture, aiming to decipher implicit structural and evolutionary information from three sequence-level classification tasks for protein family, superfamily and fold. Considering the co-existing contextual relevance between human words and protein language, we employed BERT, pre-trained on a large natural language corpus, as our backbone to handle protein sequences. More importantly, the encoded knowledge obtained in the MTL stage can be well transferred to more fine-grained downstream tasks of TAPE. Experiments on structure- or evolution-related applications demonstrate that our approach outperforms many state-of-the-art Transformer-based protein models, especially in remote homology detection.
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12
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Bou G, Guo J, Liu S, Guo S, Davaakhuu G, Lv Q, Xue B, Qiao S, Lv J, Weng X, Zhao J, Zhang Y, He Y, Zhang H, Chai Z, Liu Y, Yu Y, Qu B, Sun R, Shen X, Lei L, Liu Z. OCT4 expression transactivated by GATA protein is essential for non-rodent trophectoderm early development. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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13
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Dong X, Deng L, Yao S, Wu W, Cao J, Sun L, Bai Y, Li H, Weng X, Ren H, Ren W. Protective effects of curcumin against thyroid hormone imbalance after gas explosion-induced traumatic brain injury via activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in male rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:74619-74631. [PMID: 35641736 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20943-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gas explosion (GE)-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) can affect thyroid hormone (TH) homeostasis in miners. This study evaluated the effects of hepatic transthyretin and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis on thyroids and explored the protective effect and mechanism of curcumin on GE-induced TBI. Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups (10 per group): first group (control group)-rats received GE treatment once; second group (GE group)-rats received GE treatment (200 m from the source of the explosion once); third group (GE + Cur group)-rats received curcumin (Cur) by lavage at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day once every other day for 7 days after receiving GE. After GE, the pathological changes were analyzed by hemotoxylin and eosin staining, and the levels of serum reactive oxygen species (ROS), urine iodine (UI), THs, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed using ELISA. Expression of proteins in the HPT axis of rats was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. We found that GE could induce pathologic changes in rat thyroid and liver. Serum levels of THs, NF-κB and serum redox state became unbalanced in rats after GE. GE could inhibit the biosynthesis and biotransformation of THs by affecting key HPT axis proteins. Additionally, GE reduced the level of hepatic transthyretin. Serum THs levels and thyroid sections were almost recovered to normal after curcumin treatment. The aforementioned key HPT axis proteins in the curcumin group showed opposite expression trends. In summary, GE affected THs balance while curcumin can protect against these injury effects by affecting TH biosynthesis, biotransformation, and transport, and inducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Dong
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Lvfei Deng
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Sanqiao Yao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yichun Bai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Haibin Li
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Houcheng Ren
- Department of Human Resources, Sanquan College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Street , Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
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14
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Gong Z, Yang Q, Wang Y, Weng X, Li Y, Dong Y, Zhu X, Chen Y. Pharmacokinetic Differences of Wuji Pill Components in Normal and Chronic Visceral Hypersensitivity Irritable Bowel Syndrome Rats Attributable to Changes in Tight Junction and Transporters. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:948678. [PMID: 35873589 PMCID: PMC9305487 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.948678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wuji pill, also called Wuji Wan (WJW), is an effective traditional medicine for the clinical treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). It is principally composed of Rhizoma Coptidis, Fructus Evodiae Rutaecarpae, and Radix Paeoniae Alba. There have been no reports on the pharmacokinetics of WJW on IBS. Because it is more meaningful to study pharmacokinetics in relation to specific pathological conditions, our study investigated the pharmacokinetic differences of five representative components (berberine, palmatine, evodiamine, rutaecarpine, and paeoniflorin) in normal rats and chronic visceral hypersensitivity IBS (CVH-IBS) model rats after single dose and multiple doses of WJW using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to explore mechanisms behind the pharmacokinetic differences in terms of tight junction proteins (Occludin and ZO-1), myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), and transporters including P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance associated protein 1 (MRP1), and multidrug resistance associated protein 2 (MRP2) in rat colons. After a single dose, for all components except rutaecarpine, significant differences were observed between normal and model groups. Compared with normal group, T1/2 and AUC0-t of berberine and palmatine in model group increased significantly (562.5 ± 237.2 vs. 1,384.9 ± 712.4 min, 733.8 ± 67.4 vs. 1,532.4 ± 612.7 min; 5,443.0 ± 1,405.8 vs. 9,930.8 ± 2,304.5 min·ng/ml, 2,365.5 ± 410.6 vs. 3,527.0 ± 717.8 min·ng/ml), while Cl/F decreased (840.7 ± 250.8 vs. 397.3 ± 142.7 L/h/kg, 427.7 ± 89.4 vs. 288.9 ± 114.4 L/h/kg). Cmax and AUC0-t of evodiamine in model group increased significantly (1.4 ± 0.6 vs. 2.4 ± 0.7 ng/ml; 573 ± 45.3 vs. 733.9 ± 160.2 min·ng/ml), while T1/2, Tmax, Cl/F, and Vd/F had no significant difference. Tmax and AUC0-t of paeoniflorin in model group increased significantly (21.0 ± 8.2 vs. 80.0 ± 45.8 min; 15,428.9 ± 5,063.6 vs. 33,140.6 ± 5,613.9 min·ng/ml), while Cl/F decreased (110.5 ± 48.1 vs. 43.3 ± 9.5 L/h/kg). However, after multiple doses, all five components showed significant differences between normal and model groups. Moreover, these differences were related to tight junction damage and the differential expression of transporters in the colon, suggesting that dose adjustment might be required during administration of WJW in the clinical treatment of IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipeng Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Guang’An Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Dong, ; Xiaoxin Zhu, ; Ying Chen,
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Dong, ; Xiaoxin Zhu, ; Ying Chen,
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Dong, ; Xiaoxin Zhu, ; Ying Chen,
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15
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Yu L, Hong W, Lu S, Li Y, Guan Y, Weng X, Feng Z. The NLRP3 Inflammasome in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Steatohepatitis: Therapeutic Targets and Treatment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:780496. [PMID: 35350750 PMCID: PMC8957978 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.780496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is among the most prevalent primary liver diseases worldwide and can develop into various conditions, ranging from simple steatosis, through non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), to fibrosis, and eventually cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Nevertheless, there is no effective treatment for NAFLD due to the complicated etiology. Recently, activation of the NLPR3 inflammasome has been demonstrated to be a contributing factor in the development of NAFLD, particularly as a modulator of progression from initial hepatic steatosis to NASH. NLRP3 inflammasome, as a caspase-1 activation platform, is critical for processing key pro-inflammatory cytokines and pyroptosis. Various stimuli involved in NAFLD can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, depending on the diverse cellular stresses that they cause. NLRP3 inflammasome-related inhibitors and agents for NAFLD treatment have been tested and demonstrated positive effects in experimental models. Meanwhile, some drugs have been applied in clinical studies, supporting this therapeutic approach. In this review, we discuss the activation, biological functions, and treatment targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in the context of NAFLD progression. Specifically, we focus on the different types of therapeutic agents that can inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome and summarize their pharmacological effectiveness for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,The Third Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wei Hong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shen Lu
- The Third Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanrong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yaya Guan
- The Third Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- The Third Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhiwei Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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16
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Kan Y, Song M, Cui X, Yang Q, Zang Y, Li Q, Li Y, Cai W, Chen Y, Weng X, Wang Y, Zhu X. Muyin extract inhibits non-small-cell lung cancer growth by inducing autophagy and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Phytomedicine 2022; 96:153834. [PMID: 34952294 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major subtype of lung cancer with a higher mortality rate. Both apoptosis and autophagy are crucial processes in the pathophysiology of NSCLC. Muyin extract (MSE) is a combination of Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng seeds and Epimedium brevicornu Maxim extract, with an optimal ratio of 1:1. Our previous research has firstly shown that MSE exerts a good anti-tumor activity, especially for NSCLC. PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate the inhibitory effect of MSE on NSCLC and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS In vitro, cell proliferation was examined by MTT and colony formation. Apoptosis was detected by annexin V-FITC/PI assay while autophagy was assessed by Acridine orange (AO) and Monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. In vivo, Lewis lung cancer cell transplanted mice model was established to measure the effect of MSE on tumor growth. Hematoxylin eosin (H & E) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the tumor after MSE treatment. The apoptosis in tumor tissue was detected by TUNEL assay. Meanwhile, the cellular proliferation marker Ki67 and autophagy marker LC3Ⅱ were observed by immunohistochemistry staining. The IL-4 and IFN-γ concentrations in blood were tested by Elisa. The apoptosis related factors (Bcl-2, Bax Caspase-3, cleaved Caspase-3, Caspase-9 and p53), autophagy marker proteins (Atg-5, Becline-1, LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰand p62) as well as Akt/mTOR pathway were detected by western blotting. RESULTS Present study showed that MSE greatly inhibited the proliferation of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo, together with apoptotic rate increasing. P53 and cleaved Caspase-3 levels were up-regulated while Bcl-2/Bax ratio, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 levels were significantly down-regulated treated with MSE. Meanwhile, MSE activated autophagy, Atg-5, Becline-1 as well as the ratio of LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ were notably up-regulated while p62 was down-regulated after MSE treatment. Importantly, MSE significantly blocked Akt/mTOR pathway, which is a common upstream signal triggered by autophagy and apoptosis. Furthermore, when co-treated with specific autophagy inhibitor, the inhibitory rate and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 level were significantly reversed. Impressively, MSE remarkably increased IFN-γ/ IL-4 ratio while VP16 did not in animal model, and the inhibition rate in tumor weight after MSE treatment was higher than xiaojin pill. CONCLUSION Taken together, it is proved that MSE may be a promising oral TCM candidate for NSCLC therapy with immunity improvement. The underlying mechanisms could be associated with the induction of apoptosis and autophagy through blocking Akt/mTOR pathway, meanwhile, it may promote crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyi Kan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Min Song
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xihe Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuanlong Zang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China.
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17
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Li Q, Sun L, Liu L, Ran Q, Du X, Yang Q, Wang Y, Li Y, Chen Y, Weng X, Cai W, Zhu X. Chamaejasmenin B, an Inhibitor for Metastatic Outgrowth, Reversed M2-Dominant Macrophage Polarization in Breast Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 12:774230. [PMID: 35027915 PMCID: PMC8750059 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.774230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a multistep process that depends on the interactions between tumor cells and their microenvironment. Macrophages in the tumor microenvironment show high polarization plasticity and have a paradoxical role in cancer progression. Hijacked by tumor-promoting signals, the polarization status of macrophages was pathologically disturbed and believed to be the decisive mechanism forcing the progression of metastasis. In this study, we explored the immunological activity of Chamaejasmin B (ICJ), a previously proved inhibitor for metastasis, in macrophages from metastatic microenvironment. When intravenously injected of 4T1 cells in mice, ICJ significantly inhibited its metastatic outgrowth. Taking tumor cell and macrophage as a functional integrity, an adoptive transfer model was established in vitro to exclude the direct effect of ICJ on tumor. The findings suggest a dual influence of ICJ on both tumors and macrophages, as indicated by the rebalance of macrophage polarization and suppression of clonogenic potential in tumor cells. Mechanistically, ICJ redirected M2-dominant polarization of tumor-associated macrophage in an IL-4-mTOR-dependent manner. Collectively, our study revealed that ICJ rebalanced macrophage polarization in malignant microenvironment and showed promising effect in suppressing metastatic outgrowth in breast cancer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lidong Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsen Ran
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinke Du
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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18
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Nassabein R, Weng X, Alameddine R, Blanc-Durand F, Belkaid W, Tehfe M, Florescu M, Routy B, Blais N. 1213P Clinical utility of liquid biopsy for the early diagnosis of EGFR mutant advanced lung cancer in a real-life setting (CLEAR). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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19
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Liu L, Li Q, Yin J, Zhao Z, Sun L, Ran Q, Du X, Wang Y, Li Y, Yang Q, Chen Y, Weng X, Cai W, Zhu X. ShenLian Extract Enhances TGF-β Functions in the Macrophage-SMC Unit and Stabilizes Atherosclerotic Plaques. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:669730. [PMID: 34122091 PMCID: PMC8193129 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.669730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim: Macrophage polarization and phenotypic switching of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are multi-faceted events dominating atherosclerosis (AS) progression. TGF-β was proved to been one of the bridge on the crosstalk between macrophage and SMC. ShenLian (SL) was extracted from a potent anti-atherosclerotic formula. However, its exact mechanism rebalancing inflammatory microenvironment of AS remain largely unknown. Within the entirety of macrophage and SMC, this study investigated the pharmacological effects of SL on stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques. Methods: The main components of SL were examined by high performance liquid chromatography. Co-culture and conditioned medium models of macrophage/SMC interactions were designed to identify the relationship between macrophage polarization and switching of SMC phenotypes. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescent staining, RT-PCR, western blotting, and ELISA were used to determine the expression of molecules relating to AS progression. An atherosclerosis animal model, established by placing a perivascular collar on the right common carotid artery in ApoE−/− mice, was used to investigate whether TGF-β is the key molecular mediator of SL in crosstalk between macrophage and SMC. Plaque size was defined by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Key markers related to phenotypic transformation of macrophage and SMC were determined by immunohistochemical staining. Results: Results revealed that, accompanied by rebalanced M2 macrophage polarization, SL supported SMC phenotypic transformation and functionally reconstruct the ECM of plaques specifically in macrophage-SMC co-cultural model. Molecularly, such activity of SL closely related to the activation of STAT3/SOCS3 pathway. Furthermore, in co-culture system, up-regulation of α-SMA induced by SL could neutralized by 1D11, a TGF-β neutralizing antibody, indicating that SL mediated Macrophage-SMC communication by enhancing TGF-β. In the AS model constructed by ApoE−/− mice, effects of SL on phenotypic transformation of macrophage and SMC has been well verified. Specific blocking of TGF-β largely attenuated the aforementioned effects of SL. Conclusion: Our findings highlighted that TGF-β might be the responsive factor of SL within macrophage and SMC communication. This study revealed that crosstalk between macrophage and SMC forms a holistic entirety promoting atherosclerotic plaque stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lidong Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsen Ran
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinke Du
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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20
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Orellana Rivas RM, Marins TN, Weng X, Monteiro APA, Guo J, Gao J, Chen YC, Woldemeskel MW, Bernard JK, Tomlinson DJ, DeFrain JM, Tao S. Effects of evaporative cooling and dietary zinc source on heat shock responses and mammary gland development in lactating dairy cows during summer. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:5021-5033. [PMID: 33516558 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of evaporative cooling and dietary supplemental Zn source on heat shock responses and mammary gland development of lactating dairy cows during summer. Seventy-two multiparous lactating Holstein cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Cows were either cooled (CL) or not cooled (NC) and fed diets supplemented with 75 mg of Zn/kg of dry matter (DM) from Zn hydroxychloride (IOZ) or 35 mg of Zn/kg of DM from Zn hydroxychloride plus 40 mg of Zn/kg of DM from Zn-Met complex (ZMC). The 168-d trial included a 12-wk baseline phase when all cows were cooled and fed respective dietary treatments, and a subsequent 12-wk environmental challenge phase when NC cows were deprived of evaporative cooling. Plasma was collected from a subset of cows (n = 24) at 1, 3, 5, 12, 26, 41, 54, 68, 81 d of the environmental challenge to measure heat shock protein (HSP) 70 concentration. Mammary biopsies were collected from another subset of cows (n = 30) at enrollment (baseline samples) and at d 7 and 56 of the environmental challenge to analyze gene expression related to heat shock response, apoptosis and anti-oxidative enzymes, and to examine apoptosis and cell proliferation using immunohistochemistry. Supplemental Zn source did not affect milk yield but NC cows produced less milk than CL cows. Supplemental Zn source had no effect on mammary gene expression of HSP27, 70, and 90 or plasma concentrations of HSP70. The NC cows had greater mammary gene expression of HSP than CL cows. Circulating HSP70 of NC cows gradually increased and was higher at 81 d of environmental challenge compared with CL cows. Relative to IOZ, ZMC cows tended to have lower total mammary cell proliferation but greater mammary apoptosis. There was a tendency of greater TNFRSF1A mRNA expression for ZMC compared with IOZ cows, which may suggest upregulated extrinsic apoptosis. At d 7 of environmental challenge, NC cows had numerically higher mammary apoptosis than CL cows although not statistically significant. The NC cows tended to have greater mRNA expression of CAT and SOD3 regardless of time, and had greater mRNA expression of GPX1 at d 56 and FAS at d 7 of the environmental challenge than CL cows. Relative to CL cows, mammary cell proliferation rate was higher for NC cows at d 56 of the environmental challenge. In conclusion, dietary source of supplemental Zn has substantial effect on mammary cell turnover in lactating dairy cows, and prolonged exposure to heat stress increases mammary cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Orellana Rivas
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - T N Marins
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - X Weng
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - A P A Monteiro
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - J Guo
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - J Gao
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - Y-C Chen
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - M W Woldemeskel
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - J K Bernard
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | | | | | - S Tao
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793.
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Dong X, Yao S, Wu W, Cao J, Weng X, Sun L, Li J, Li H, Li R, Ren W. [Short-term effect of gas explosion in real roadway environment on rats' brain neural behavior]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2021; 49:889-894. [PMID: 33413760 DOI: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of gas explosion on brain nerve behavior of rats in real roadway environment. METHODS Before the gas explosion, the real gas explosion roadway environment was simulated by using the roadway and explosion test system of gas explosion test in a large coal mine in Chongqing Research Institute of China Coal Science & Technology Group, and cage fixation and explosion parameter setting were carried out. That was to use the equivalent of 9. 0% gas containing mixed air and to install special cage in roadway gas detonation distance at point 40 m, 160 m and 240 m. The SPF grade healthy adult SD male rats anesthetized with chloral hydrate were placed among them, and the rats were placed in a position that could force the head. At the same time, the trunk part below the occipital foramen and the mouth and face above the line of inner canthus were fully protected, and the gas explosion experiment was carried out. A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into four groups according to their body weight: control group, burn-blast combined injuries group(40 m), proximal group(160 m) and distance group(240 m). Ten rats in each group were placed in cages at different distance points under anesthesia except the normal control group. The general physiological behavior of the rats was observed 2 h and 7 d after the explosion, and the neurobehavioral indexes of the rats were monitored by open field behavior experiment. Gross observation and pathological examination of brain tissue were performed 7 days later. RESULTS The spirits of the rats in the 2 h exposure group after explosion were poor, and improved slightly after 7 d. The degree of surface burn was the most serious in group 40 m. The number of urination decreased while the number of feces increased(P>0. 05). At the end of the experiment, it was found that cerebral edema and hyperemia were obvious in rats. Compared with the normal control group, the brain weight of rats in each exposure group increased, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0. 05). Pathological observation showed that the brain tissues of rats in each exposed group showed irregular and disordered arrangement of nerve cells, interstitial edema, dense and deep staining of loose nuclear chromatin, formation of dense mass and other characteristics of apoptotic cells, as well as increased glia and aggregation of inflammatory cells. At 2 d and 7 h after the explosion, compared with the control group, the resting time of the neurobehavioral indicators of rats at different distance points was significantly prolonged(P<0. 01), while the number of standing times, movement time and movement distance were significantly reduced, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0. 01). CONCLUSION The gas explosion in real roadway environment can cause certain damage to the brain tissue of rats, and has obvious influence on its neural behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Dong
- Department of Environmental and Occupational, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Sanqiao Yao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Toxicology Research Institute, PLA Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Toxicology Research Institute, PLA Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Environmental and Occupational, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Haibin Li
- Department of Environmental and Occupational, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Runzhi Li
- Fire and Explosion Prevention Research Branch, Chongqing Research Institute, China Coal Technology and Engineering Group, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
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Shi B, Gao D, Zhong L, Zhi M, Weng X, Xu J, Li J, Du X, Xin Y, Gao J, Zhu Q, Cao S, Liu Z, Han J. IRF-1 expressed in the inner cell mass of the porcine early blastocyst enhances the pluripotency of induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:505. [PMID: 33246502 PMCID: PMC7694439 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01983-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite years of research, porcine-induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) with germline chimeric capacity have not been established. Furthermore, the key transcription factors (TFs) defining the naïve state in piPSCs also remain elusive, even though TFs in the inner cell mass (ICM) are believed to be key molecular determinants of naïve pluripotency. In this study, interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) was screened to express higher in ICM than trophectoderm (TE). But the impact of IRF-1 on maintenance of pluripotency in piPSCs was not determined. METHODS Transcriptome profiles of the early ICM were analyzed to determine highly interconnected TFs. Cells carrying these TFs' reporter were used to as donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer to detect expression patterns in blastocysts. Next, IRF1-Flag was overexpressed in DOX-hLIF-2i piPSCs and AP staining, qRT-PCR, and RNA-seq were conducted to examine the effect of IRF-1 on pluripotency. Then, the expression of IRF-1 in DOX-hLIF-2i piPSCs was labeled by GFP and qRT-PCR was conducted to determine the difference between GFP-positive and GFP-negative cells. Next, ChIP-Seq was conducted to identify genes target by IRF-1. Treatment with IL7 in wild-type piPSCs and STAT3 phosphorylation inhibitor in IRF-1 overexpressing piPSCs was conducted to confirm the roles of JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway in IRF-1's regulation of pluripotency. Moreover, during reprogramming, IRF-1 was overexpressed and knocked down to determine the change of reprogramming efficiency. RESULTS IRF-1 was screened to be expressed higher in porcine ICM than TE of d6~7 SCNT blastocysts. First, overexpression of IRF-1 in the piPSCs was observed to promote the morphology, AP staining, and expression profiles of pluripotency genes as would be expected when cells approach the naïve state. Genes, KEGG pathways, and GO terms related to the process of differentiation were also downregulated. Next, in the wild-type piPSCs, high-level fluorescence activated by the IRF-1 promoter was associated with higher expression of naïve related genes in piPSCs. Analysis by ChIP-Seq indicated that genes related to the JAK-STAT pathway, and expression of IL7 and STAT3 were activated by IRF-1. The inhibitor of STAT3 phosphorylation was observed could revert the expression of primed genes in IRF-1 overexpressing cells, but the addition of IL7 in culture medium had no apparent change in the cell morphology, AP staining results, or expression of pluripotency related genes. In addition, knockdown of IRF-1 during reprogramming appeared to reduce reprogramming efficiency, whereas overexpression exerted the converse effect. CONCLUSION The IRF-1 expressed in the ICM of pigs' early blastocyst enhances the pluripotency of piPSCs, in part through promoting the JAK-STAT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dengfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Minglei Zhi
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Junjun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junhong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuguang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanli Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Suying Cao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jianyong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Weng X, Yue W, Shang L, Wang D, Xu Y, Chen Y, Ge J. Inhibition of CD44 attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac and lung inflammation, fibrosis, and heart failure progression. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Inflammation contributes to heart failure (HF) development and progression. CD44 is a member of the hyaluronate receptor family of cell adhesion molecules, which regulates tissue inflammation and fibrosis through modulating macrophage and lymphocyte migration and homing in several diseases. Here we evaluated the role and cellular mechanism of CD44 in regulating transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced HF development and progression in mice.
Methods and results
C57/B6 background CD44 KO and wild type mice (6–8 weeks) were subjected to TAC to evaluate the effect of CD44 on the development of TAC-induced LV hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction. Due to the rapid response to TAC, Balb/c mice (6–8 weeks) were used to determine the effect of CD44 on the progression of TAC-induced congestive heart failure. We found that CD44 expression is dramatically increased in left ventricular (LV) tissues obtained from HF patients and mice. While CD44 gene knockout (KO) has no detectable effect on cardiac structure and function under control conditions, CD44 KO mice were protected from TAC-induced LV inflammation, fibrosis, hypertrophy, dysfunction, and lung remodeling as compared with wild type mice. In addition, we found that inhibition of CD44 signaling with blocking antibodies (Abs) significantly attenuated the transition from LV failure to lung remodeling, and right ventricular hypertrophy in mice with existing HF.
Conclusions
These data identify an important role of CD44 in attenuating cardiac and lung inflammation, fibrosis, HF development, and HF progression, suggesting that inhibition of CD44 signaling may be useful in preventing and treating HF.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Chinese National Natural Science Foundation Grants and American Heart Association
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Affiliation(s)
- X Weng
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - W Yue
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - L Shang
- Shenyang Northern Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - D Wang
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Xu
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Chen
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jackson, United States of America
| | - J Ge
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Wu TT, Yang YJ, Weng X, Liu X. [Low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ in breast fibroadenomas: a clinicopathological analysis of eight cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020; 49:1058-1060. [PMID: 32992424 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200114-00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T T Wu
- Department of Pathology, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen(the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Y J Yang
- Department of Pathology, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen(the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - X Weng
- Department of Pathology, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen(the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Pathology, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen(the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen 518035, China
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Deng Z, Weng X, Zhao Y, Gao J, Yu D. Amelioration of muscular spasm-induced pain of Guangtongxiao recipe in a non-everted gut sac in vitro model. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 260:113040. [PMID: 32492495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The modern study of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound recipes is a complex issue because of the large number of components in the recipes that would produce several metabolites after entering the body. The TCM compound recipes are known to have the advantage of synergistic treatment by multiple targets due to diverse components. Therefore, a research method that can reflect the overall effect of compounds with multi-components is essential. The pharmacological studies of the classic TCM compound recipes mainly use the sero-pharmacological method. It is a semi-in vivo study method, and the drug to be tested in the in vitro experiment is the drug-containing serum from the model animals (the drug to be tested is a mixed drug system containing the prototype drugs in animal bodies that have pharmacodynamic effects and the metabolites). Herein, a safe and effective external TCM recipe was used to develop another semi-in vivo experimental method to reflect the overall effects of TCM. AIM To observe the effects of in-vitro intestinal absorption liquid of aqueous extracts of the TCM compound recipe-Guangtongxiao foam aerosol (Guangtongxiao)-on the tension of isolated rectal rings of mouse and investigate the underlying mechanisms of antispasmodic and amelioration of muscular spasm-induced pain. METHODS Intestinal absorption liquid of the Guangtongxiao aqueous extract at the five time points (30, 45, 75, 105, and 120 min) was prepared using a non-everted gut sac method. The isolated rectal rings of mice were prepared by pre-contraction using potassium chloride (KCl) or acetylcholine chloride (ACh) to make steady contraction. The intestinal absorption liquid were added cumulatively to the sink with the constricted rectal rings. The effects of the five groups of the intestinal absorption liquid with different drug concentration were observed on the tension of the isolated rectal rings. Then the ex vivo perfusion of the mouse rectal ring was performed as same as Guangtongxiao intestinal absorption liquid experiments, and the effects of two major components of Guangtongxiao, paeoniflorin (Pae) and tetrahydropalmatine (THP), on the rectal ring pre-treated with high concentration of KCl and ACh to induce contraction were studied. RESULTS The relaxation rate of the five groups of the intestinal canals increased significantly with 3200 μL cumulative sample volume as compared to the blank group (P < 0.01). It suggested that the relaxation activity of the intestinal absorption liquid enhanced significantly with the prolongation of the interaction between isolated rectal rings and intestinal absorption liquid in a time-dependent manner. Also, significant differences were detected while comparing between the 120-min intestinal absorption liquid group and the blank group with respect to various cumulative sampling volumes (P < 0.01). In addition, the intestinal relaxation rate elevated gradually with the increase in sampling volume, indicating that the concentrations of active substances in the intestinal absorption liquid prepared by the non-everted gut sac model increased and the intestinal relaxation activity was enhanced with the prolongation of the absorption time in a dose-dependent manner. And Pae and THP in a concentration-dependent manner caused relaxation of the rectal ring, which is pretreated with high K+(KCl) and ACh to induce contraction. The EC50 of Pae and THP was 8.67 × 10-5 M (6.68 × 10-5-1.13 × 10-4) and 1.41 × 10-4 M (1.24 × 10-4-1.61 × 10-4) in the contraction model induced by KCl, and was 6.15 × 10-5 M (4.47 × 10-5-8.45 × 10-5), and 1.31 × 10-4 M(1.22 × 10-4-1.42 × 10-4) in the model induced by ACh, respectively. CONCLUSION The intestinal absorption liquid of Guangtongxiao exerted a remarkable relaxation activity for the rectal rings, and relaxation of the smooth muscle tension might be one of the antispasmodic mechanisms of Guangtongxiao compound recipe. Also, adopting a semi-in-vivo experimental method to study the efficacy of topical external TCM recipe medicine is optimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Deng
- Eastern Area of Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 101100, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yongjiao Zhao
- Eastern Area of Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 101100, China
| | - Jianen Gao
- Eastern Area of Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 101100, China
| | - Dingrong Yu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
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Li Q, Ran Q, Sun L, Yin J, Luo T, Liu L, Zhao Z, Yang Q, Li Y, Chen Y, Weng X, Wang Y, Cai W, Zhu X. Lian Hua Qing Wen Capsules, a Potent Epithelial Protector in Acute Lung Injury Model, Block Proapoptotic Communication Between Macrophages, and Alveolar Epithelial Cells. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:522729. [PMID: 33071777 PMCID: PMC7538620 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.522729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides pathogen evading, Acute Lung Injury (ALI), featuring the systematic inflammation and severe epithelial damages, is widely believed to be the central non-infectious factor controlling the progression of infectious diseases. ALI is partly caused by host immune responses. Under the inspiration of unsuccessful treatment in COVID-19, recent insights into pathogen–host interactions are leading to identification and development of a wide range of host-directed therapies with different mechanisms of action. The interaction unit consisting of macrophages and the alveolar epithelial cells has recently revealed as the therapeutic basis targeting ALI. Lian Hua Qing Wen capsule is the most effective and commonly-used clinical formula in treating respiratory infection for thousands of years in China. However, little is known about its relevance with ALI, especially its protective role against ALI-induced alveolar tissue damages. Aiming to evaluate its contribution in antibiotics-integrating therapies, this study pharmacologically verified whether LHQW could alleviate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI and explore its potential mechanisms in maintaining the physiology of macrophage-epithelial unit. In ALI mouse model, the pathological parameters, including the anal temperature, inflammation condition, lung edema, histopathological structures, have all been systematically analyzed. Results consistently supported the effectiveness of the combined strategy for LHQW and low-dose antibiotics. Furthermore, we established the macrophages-alveolar epithelial cells co-culture model and firstly proved that LHQW inhibited LPS-induced ER stress and TRAIL secretion in macrophages, thereby efficiently protected epithelial cells against TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, results showed that LHQW significantly deactivated NF-κB and reversed the SOCS3 expression in inflammatory macrophages. Furthermore, we proved that the therapeutic effects of LHQW were highly dependent on JNK-AP1 regulation. In conclusion, our data proved that LHQW is an epithelial protector in ALI, implying its promising potential in antibiotic alternative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsen Ran
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lidong Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Jiang X, Chen L, Zheng Z, Chen Y, Weng X, Guo Y, Li K, Yang T, Qu S, Liu H, Li Y, Zhu X. Synergistic Effect of Combined Artesunate and Tetramethylpyrazine in Experimental Cerebral Malaria. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:2400-2409. [PMID: 32786270 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Intravenous artesunate is effective against cerebral malaria (CM), but high mortality and neurological sequelae in survivors are inevitable. We investigated the effect of combined artesunate and tetramethylpyrazine using mouse models of experimental cerebral malaria (ECM). Artesunate + tetramethylpyrazine reduced microvascular blockage and improved neurological function, including the rapid murine coma and behavior scale (RMCBS), leading to improved survival and reduced pathology in ECM. This combination downregulated the expression of adhesion molecules and sequestration of parasitized red blood cells (pRBCs), increased cerebral blood flow, nerve growth factor (b-NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), and neurotrophin (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophic factor-3 (NT-3)) levels, and alleviated hippocampal neuronal damage and astrocyte activation. Down- (n = 128) and upregulated (n = 64) proteins were identified in the artesunate group, while up- (n = 217) and downregulated (n = 177) proteins were identified in the artesunate + tetramethylpyrazine group, presenting a significantly altered proteome profile. KEGG analysis showed that 166 differentially expressed proteins were enriched in the Art group and 234, in the artesunate + tetramethylpyrazine group. The neuroprotective effects of artesunate + tetramethylpyrazine were mainly related to proteins involved in axon development and transportation between blood and brain. These results suggested that artesunate + tetramethylpyrazine could be a potential adjuvant therapy against CM, but this will have to be confirmed in future studies and trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Jiang
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lina Chen
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zheng
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Kai Li
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shuiqing Qu
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
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Li T, Li Q, Li H, Xiao X, Ahmad Warraich D, Zhang N, Chen Z, Hou J, Liu T, Weng X, Liu Z, Hua J, Liao M. Pig-specific RNA editing during early embryo development revealed by genome-wide comparisons. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:1389-1402. [PMID: 32433824 PMCID: PMC7327910 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranscriptional modification of mRNA sequences through RNA editing can increase transcriptome and proteome diversity in eukaryotes. Studies of fetal and adult tissues showed that adenosine‐to‐inosine RNA editing plays a crucial role in early human development, but there is a lack of global understanding of dynamic RNA editing during mammalian early embryonic development. Therefore, here we used RNA sequencing data from human, pig and mouse during early embryonic development to detect edited genes that may regulate stem cell pluripotency. We observed that although most of the RNA editing sites are located in intergenic, intron and UTR, a few editing sites are in coding regions and may result in nonsynonymous amino acid changes. Some editing sites are predicted to change the structure of a protein. We also report that HNF1A, TBX3, ACLY, ECI1 and ERDR1 are related to embryonic development and cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xia Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | | | - Ning Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ziyun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Junyao Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mingzhi Liao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Sun L, Li Q, Guo Y, Yang Q, Yin J, Ran Q, Liu L, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Li Y, Chen Y, Weng X, Cai W, Zhu X. Extract of Caulis Spatholobi, a novel platelet inhibitor,efficiently suppresses metastasis of colorectal cancer by targeting tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 123:109718. [PMID: 31918208 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) is the core mechanism potentiating high viability for circulatory tumor cells,which is the rate-limiting factor for metastasis.Additionally,as supported by the successful application of aspirin,the pro-malignant effects during tumor-platelets interaction can be largely neutralized by pharmacological deactivation of platelets.Caulis Spatholobi is widely used as an anti-coagulation herb in traditional Chinese medicine,indicating its potential against TCIPA.In our study,three fractions of Caulis Spatholobi extracts were firstly prepared.In colorectal cancer(CRC) model,the anti-metastatic potential was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo followed by the detection of their platlet regulatory effects.Results showed that all three extracts significantly suppressed the invasion and metastasis of CRC.Mechanistically,by blocking platelet-derived PDGF-B releasing,they reversed the enhanced epithelial mesenchymal transition during MC38-platelets interation.Further,ethyl acetate fraction shows the most promising efficacy for the future application in treatment.Overall,our study have for the first time proved CaulisSpatholobi extracts,especially the ethyl acetate fraction,as a potent TCIPA inhibitor during metastatic progression,which provided a novel candidate for pharmacologically blockage of metastasis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qingsen Ran
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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Kong Q, Yang X, Zhang H, Liu S, Zhao J, Zhang J, Weng X, Jin J, Liu Z. Lineage specification and pluripotency revealed by transcriptome analysis from oocyte to blastocyst in pig. FASEB J 2019; 34:691-705. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901818rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingran Kong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province College of Life Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province College of Life Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province College of Life Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
- Institute of Biology Westlake University Hangzhou China
| | - Shichao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province College of Life Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Jianchao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province College of Life Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province College of Life Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province College of Life Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Junxue Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province College of Life Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province College of Life Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
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31
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Yin Z, Cai M, Weng X, Liu Z, Zhang G. Porcine insulin receptor substrate 2: molecular cloning, tissues distribution, and functions in hepatocyte and aortic endothelial cells. Pol J Vet Sci 2019; 22:589-598. [PMID: 31560477 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2019.129968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS-2) modulates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, which controls the suppression of gluconeogenic genes; IRS-2 is also a critical node of insulin signaling. Because of the high homology between pig and human IRS-2, we investigated the expression pattern and function of porcine IRS-2. QPCR and immunoblotting were used to detect the IRS-2 expression level in different tissues. There were high IRS-2 levels in the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, and cerebellum in the central nervous system. In peripheral tissues, IRS-2 was expressed at relatively high levels in the liver. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that IRS-2 was mainly distributed in the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. Furthermore, IRS-2 knockdown porcine hepatocytes and porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAECs) were generated. The IRS-2 knockdown induced abnormal expression of genes involved in glycolipid metabolism in hepatocytes and reduced the antiatherosclerosis ability in PAECs. In addition, we disrupted IRS-2 in porcine embryonic fibroblasts (PEFs) using the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system, before finally generating IRS-2 knockout embryos by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Taken together, our results indicate that IRS-2 might be a valuable target to establish diabetes and vascular disease models in the pig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - M Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - X Weng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Z Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - G Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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32
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Li Z, Du Y, Xiang S, Feng B, Bian Y, Qian W, Jin J, Lin J, Weng X. Risk factors of perioperative complications and transfusion following total hip arthroplasty in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Lupus 2019; 28:1134-1140. [PMID: 31296142 DOI: 10.1177/0961203319862609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, hip arthroplasty rates in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have been increasing rapidly. Although patients with SLE generally show beneficial or desirable functional outcomes following total hip arthroplasty (THA), it has been reported that SLE patients after THA have increased risk of postoperative complications, especially during the period of hospitalization. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we aimed to identify possible factors associated with complications or transfusion of THA in SLE patients during hospitalization. METHODS The present study was a retrospective study conducted in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Data were collected from medical records of patients who underwent THA from January 2012 to June 2018. The primary outcome variable was perioperative complications, which was defined as having one or more of the following conditions: high fever, infection, impaired wound healing, venous thrombosis of the lower extremities, hematoma, arrhythmia, implant complications. The secondary outcome was perioperative transfusion. RESULTS During January 2012 to June 2018, 100 patients had taken the surgery of THA. After multivariate analysis, independent risk factors for perioperative complications were: age ≥ 45 years (p = 0.001), SLE with other connective tissue diseases (p = 0.029), high temperature (p = 0.030), positive anti-dsDNA antibody (p = 0.043), and Systemic Lupus International Collaborative Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) Damage Index ≥ 3 (p = 0.008). Independent risk factors for perioperative transfusion were bilateral THA (p = 0.029), low hemoglobin (p = 0.021) and abnormal renal function (p = 0.021). CONCLUSION For SLE patients following THA, age > 45 years, SLE with other connective tissue disease, high temperature, positive anti-dsDNA antibody and SLICC/ACR Damage Index ≥ 3 were the risk factors of complications during hospitalization and bilateral THA, low hemoglobin and abnormal renal function were the risk factors of transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Li
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Y Du
- 2 Office of Clinical Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Xiang
- 3 Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - B Feng
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Y Bian
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - W Qian
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - J Jin
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - J Lin
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - X Weng
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
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Lv J, Wu S, Wei R, Li Y, Jin J, Mu Y, Zhang Y, Kong Q, Weng X, Liu Z. The length of guide RNA and target DNA heteroduplex effects on CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing efficiency in porcine cells. J Vet Sci 2019; 20:e23. [PMID: 31161741 PMCID: PMC6538514 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindrome repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system is a versatile genome editing tool with high efficiency. A guide sequence of 20 nucleotides (nt) is commonly used in application of CRISPR/Cas9; however, the relationship between the length of the guide sequence and the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 in porcine cells is still not clear. To illustrate this issue, guide RNAs of different lengths targeting the EGFP gene were designed. Specifically, guide RNAs of 17 nt or longer were sufficient to direct the Cas9 protein to cleave target DNA sequences, while 15 nt or shorter guide RNAs had loss-of-function. Full-length guide RNAs complemented with mismatches also showed loss-of-function. When the shortened guide RNA and target DNA heteroduplex (gRNA:DNA heteroduplex) was blocked by mismatch, the CRISPR/Cas9 would be interfered with. These results suggested the length of the gRNA:DNA heteroduplex was a key factor for maintaining high efficiency of the CRISPR/Cas9 system rather than weak bonding between shortened guide RNA and Cas9 in porcine cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Renyue Wei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junxue Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanshuang Mu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qingran Kong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Wu TT, Zhang M, Weng X, Guan H, Liu X. [Pulmonary fibroleiomyomatous hamartomas: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2019; 48:325-327. [PMID: 30955274 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T T Wu
- Department of Pathology, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518000, China
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35
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Tabchi S, Forte S, Alameddine R, Khazzaka A, Florescu M, Kassouf E, Weng X, Tehfe M, Blais N. P1.13-19 Treatment Cessation for Improved Detection of EGFR-Mutated Circulating Tumor DNA in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (aNSCLC). J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Djouhri L, Smith T, Alotaibi M, Weng X. Membrane potential oscillations are not essential for spontaneous firing generation in L4 Aβ-afferent neurons after L5 spinal nerve axotomy and are not mediated by HCN channels. Exp Physiol 2018; 103:1145-1156. [PMID: 29860719 DOI: 10.1113/ep087013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Is spontaneous activity (SA) in L4 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons induced by L5 spinal nerve axotomy associated with membrane potential oscillations in these neurons, and if so, are these membrane oscillations mediated by HCN channels? What is the main finding and its importance? Unlike injured L5 DRG neurons, which have been shown to be incapable of firing spontaneously without membrane potential oscillations, membrane potential oscillations are not essential for SA generation in conducting 'uninjured' L4 neurons, and they are not mediated by HCN channels. These findings suggest that the underlying cellular mechanisms of SA in injured and 'uninjured' DRG neurons induced by spinal nerve injury are distinct. ABSTRACT The underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of peripheral neuropathic pain are not fully understood. However, preclinical studies using animal models suggest that this debilitating condition is driven partly by aberrant spontaneous activity (SA) in injured and uninjured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, and that SA in injured DRG neurons is triggered by subthreshold membrane potential oscillations (SMPOs). Here, using in vivo intracellular recording from control L4-DRG neurons, and ipsilateral L4-DRG neurons in female Wistar rats that had previously undergone L5 spinal nerve axotomy (SNA), we examined whether conducting 'uninjured' L4-DRG neurons in SNA rats exhibit SMPOs, and if so, whether such SMPOs are associated with SA in those L4 neurons, and whether they are mediated by hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide gated (HCN) channels. We found that 7 days after SNA: (a) none of the control A- or C-fibre DRG neurons showed SMPOs or SA, but 50%, 43% and 0% of spontaneously active cutaneous L4 Aβ-low threshold mechanoreceptors, Aβ-nociceptors and C-nociceptors exhibited SMPOs, respectively, in SNA rats with established neuropathic pain behaviors; (b) neither SMPOs nor SA in L4 Aβ-neurons was suppressed by blocking HCN channels with ZD7288 (10 mg kg-1 , i.v.); and (c) there is a tendency for female rats to show greater pain hypersensitivity than male rats. These results suggest that SMPOs are linked to SA only in some of the conducting L4 Aβ-neurons, that such oscillations are not a prerequisite for SA generation in those L4 A- or C-fibre neurons, and that HCN channels are not involved in their electrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Djouhri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, PO Box 50927, Riyadh, 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Smith
- Wolfson CARD, Neurorestoration Group, Hodgkin Building, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - M Alotaibi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805, Riyadh, 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - X Weng
- Department of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
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Tao S, Orellana R, Weng X, Marins T, Dahl G, Bernard J. Symposium review: The influences of heat stress on bovine mammary gland function. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:5642-5654. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Liu S, Bou G, Zhao J, Guo S, Guo J, Weng X, Yin Z, Liu Z. Asynchronous CDX2 expression and polarization of porcine trophoblast cells reflects a species-specific trophoderm lineage determination progress model. Mol Reprod Dev 2018; 85:590-598. [PMID: 29719081 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Upregulation of Cdx2 expression in outer cells is a key event responsible for cell lineage segregation between the inner cell mass and the trophoderm (TE) in mouse morula-stage embryos. In TE cells, polarization can regulate Hippo and Rho-associated kinase (Rho-ROCK) signaling to induce the nuclear location of YAP, which has been demonstrated to further induce the expression of Cdx2. However, we found that CDX2 expression could not be detected in the outer cells of porcine morula-stage embryos but only in some TE cells at the early blastocyst stage. The biological significance and the regulation mechanism of this species-specific CDX2 expression pattern have still not been determined. We show here that an asynchronous CDX2 expression pattern exists in porcine TE cells during the development of the blastocyst. We demonstrate that CDX2 expression in porcine TE cells depends on the nuclear localization of YAP and polarization of the embryo through Y27632 treatment. We found that the polarization process in the morula to the late blastocyst stage porcine embryos was asynchronous, which was revealed by the apical localization of phosphorylated EZRIN staining. Artificially enhancing the number of polarized blastomeres by culturing the separated blastomeres of four-cell stage porcine embryos resulted in increased CDX2-positive cell numbers. These results indicate that the mechanism of CDX2 expression regulation is conserved, but the polarization progress is not conserved between the pig and the mouse, and results in a species-specific trophoblast determination progress model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Gerelchimeg Bou
- Animal Science College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jianchao Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shimeng Guo
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jia Guo
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi Yin
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Hennes M, Schuler V, Weng X, Buchwald J, Demaille D, Zheng Y, Vidal F. Growth of vertically aligned nanowires in metal-oxide nanocomposites: kinetic Monte-Carlo modeling versus experiments. Nanoscale 2018; 10:7666-7675. [PMID: 29651470 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08974k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We employ kinetic Monte-Carlo simulations to study the growth process of metal-oxide nanocomposites obtained via sequential pulsed laser deposition. Using Ni-SrTiO3 (Ni-STO) as a model system, we reduce the complexity of the computational problem by choosing a coarse-grained approach mapping Sr, Ti and O atoms onto a single effective STO pseudo-atom species. With this ansatz, we scrutinize the kinetics of the sequential synthesis process, governed by alternating deposition and relaxation steps, and analyze the self-organization propensity of Ni atoms into straight vertically aligned nanowires embedded in the surrounding STO matrix. We finally compare the predictions of our binary toy model with experiments and demonstrate that our computational approach captures fundamental aspects of self-assembled nanowire synthesis. Despite its simplicity, our modeling strategy successfully describes the impact of relevant parameters like the concentration or laser frequency on the final nanoarchitecture of metal-oxide thin films grown via pulsed laser deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hennes
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS-UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, F-75005 Paris, France.
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Zhang K, Li C, Weng X, Su J, Shen L, Pan G, Long D, Zhao A, Cui H. Transgenic characterization of two silkworm tissue-specific promoters in the haemocyte plasmatocyte cells. Insect Mol Biol 2018; 27:133-142. [PMID: 29131435 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Haemocytes play crucial roles in insect metabolism, metamorphosis, and innate immunity. As a model of lepidopteran insects, the silkworm is a useful model to study the functions of both haematopoiesis and haemocytes. Tissue-specific promoters are excellent tools for genetic manipulation and are widely used in fundamental biological research. Herein, two haemocyte-specific genes, Integrin β2 and Integrin β3, were confirmed. Promoter activities of Integrin β2 and Integrin β3 were evaluated by genetic manipulation. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting suggested that both promoters can drive enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) specifically expressed in haemocytes. Further evidence clearly demonstrated that the transgenic silkworm exhibited a high level of EGFP signal in plasmatocytes, but not in other detected haemocyte types. Moreover, EGFP fluorescence signals were observed in the haematopoietic organ of both transgenic strains. Thus, two promoters that enable plasmatocytes to express genes of interest were confirmed in our study. It is expected that the results of this study will facilitate advances in our understanding of insect haematopoiesis and immunity in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - C Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - X Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - J Su
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - L Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - G Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - D Long
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - A Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - H Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Li Q, Wang Y, Xiao H, Li Y, Kan X, Wang X, Zhang G, Wang Z, Yang Q, Chen X, Weng X, Chen Y, Zhou B, Guo Y, Liu X, Zhu X. Chamaejasmenin B, a novel candidate, inhibits breast tumor metastasis by rebalancing TGF-beta paradox. Oncotarget 2018; 7:48180-48192. [PMID: 27374079 PMCID: PMC5217010 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading lethal factor severely restraining the effectiveness of clinical treatment. TGF-beta is the key regulator for metastasis and influences paradoxically on cancer progression. The known TGF-beta blockers exert little selectivity on its functions, indiscriminately causing the anti-metastatic and pro-growth effects. Under such circumstances, specifically rebalancing the oncological function of TGF-beta provides a crucial oncotarget against metastasis. In our study, we established the screening platform targeting cell motility and identified a potential flavonoid, Chamaejasmenin B (ICJ), extracted from Stellera chamaejasme L. It suppressed the migration and invasion in breast cancer cells in vitro. Moreover, by dynamical quantification of breast cancer progression in small-animal imaging system, ICJ was proved to be a potent inhibitor of metastasis with minimal toxic side effects. Mechanism study further revealed that ICJ efficiently blocked TGF-beta induced EMT, disrupted the interaction between β3 integrin-TβRII complex and, consequently, resulted in the selective inhibition of FAK:Src:p38 pathway. Meanwhile, specific blockage of this pathway largely attenuated the anti-metastatic function of ICJ. Importantly, in contrast with the antagonistic effects on TGF-beta induced metastasis, ICJ obviously sensitized its cytostatic activity, suggesting that it was not a pan-blocker but a rebalancer for the functional output of TGF-beta. Collectively, by targeting TGF-beta Paradox, we experimentally provided a promising candidate for metastatic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hongbin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiaoxi Kan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Beijing Hospital of TCM, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Ganlin Zhang
- Beijing Hospital of TCM, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Zhixin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Bingbing Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xucen Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
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Li Q, Kan X, Yin J, Sun L, Wang Y, Li Y, Yang Q, Xiao H, Chen Y, Weng X, Cai W, Zhu X. Chamaejasmine B Induces the Anergy of Vascular Endothelial Cells to VEGFA Pro-angiogenic Signal by Autophagic Regulation of VEGFR2 in Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2018; 8:963. [PMID: 29403376 PMCID: PMC5786572 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The neovascularization functions essentially for malignant upgrading and predicts poor prognosis in multiple cancers, which make it the highly effective strategy for clinical treatment. Unfortunately, the known anti-angiogenic therapies show low effectiveness against breast cancer. Recently, rebalancing the pro-angiogenic property in microenvironment shows great advantages and attracts increasing attention for breast cancer treatment. Herein, we for the first time reported that Chamaejasmine B (ICJ), extracted from Stellera chamaejasme L., possessed potent anti-angiogenic effect in breast cancer. By Transwell, tube formation and aortic-ring assays, ICJ efficiently suppressed the neovascularization potential in tumor-HUVEC co-culture model. In Matrigel plug assay, the efficacy of ICJ was further identified in vivo. Mechanistically, with little influence on HUVEC apoptosis, ICJ obviously induced autophagy as proved by the elevated LC3I/II ratio, dotted distribution of LC3 and upregulated Beclin-1. Moreover, by associating with LC3 and in turn, inhibiting the level of VEGFR2, the anti-angiogenesis efficacy was closely dependent on the initiation of autophagy. Above results proved that, by attenuating the pro-angiogenic communication through VEGFR2, ICJ is a novel angiogenic inhibitor and will be a promising supplement for anti-angiogenic chemotherapy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Kan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lidong Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Weng X, Monteiro APA, Guo J, Li C, Orellana RM, Marins TN, Bernard JK, Tomlinson DJ, DeFrain JM, Wohlgemuth SE, Tao S. Effects of heat stress and dietary zinc source on performance and mammary epithelial integrity of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2017; 101:2617-2630. [PMID: 29290442 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dietary Zn and heat stress alter gut integrity in monogastric animals. However, effects of Zn on mammary epithelial integrity in heat-stressed lactating dairy cows have not been studied. Multiparous lactating Holstein cows (n = 72) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement to study the effects of environment and Zn source on performance and mammary epithelial integrity. Treatments included 2 environments [cooled (CL) or not cooled (NC)] and 2 Zn sources [75 mg/kg of supplemental Zn as Zn hydroxychloride (IOZ) or 35 mg/kg of Zn hydroxychloride + 40 mg/kg of Zn-Met complex (ZMC)]. The experiment was divided into baseline and environmental challenge phases of 84 d each. All cows were cooled during the baseline phase (temperature-humidity index = 72.5), whereas NC cows were not cooled during environmental challenge (temperature-humidity index = 77.7). Mammary biopsies were collected on d 7 and 56 relative to the onset of environmental challenge to analyze gene expression of claudin 1, 4, and 8, zonula occludens 1, 2, and 3, occludin, and E-cadherin and protein expression of occludin and E-cadherin. Deprivation of cooling increased respiration rate (64.8 vs. 73.9 breaths/min) and vaginal temperature (39.03 vs. 39.94°C) and decreased dry matter intake (26.7 vs. 21.6 kg/d). Energy-corrected milk yield decreased for NC cows relative to CL cows (24.5 vs. 34.1 kg/d). An interaction between environment and Zn source occurred for milk fat content as CL cows fed ZMC had lower milk fat percentage than other groups. Relative to CL cows, NC cows had lower concentrations of lactose (4.69 vs. 4.56%) and solids-not-fat (8.46 vs. 8.32%) but a higher concentration of milk urea nitrogen (9.07 vs. 11.02 mg/mL). Compared with IOZ, cows fed ZMC had lower plasma lactose concentration during baseline and tended to have lower plasma lactose concentration during environmental challenge. Plasma lactose concentration tended to increase at 3, 5, and 41 d after the onset of environmental challenge in NC cows relative to CL cows. Treatment had no effect on milk BSA concentration. Cows fed ZMC tended to have higher gene expression of E-cadherin relative to IOZ. Compared with CL, NC cows had increased gene expression of occludin and E-cadherin and tended to have increased claudin 1 and zonula occludens 1 and 2 gene expression in the mammary gland. Protein expression of occludin and E-cadherin was unchanged. In conclusion, removing active cooling impairs lactation performance and affects gene expression of proteins involved in the mammary epithelial barrier, and feeding a portion of dietary zinc as ZMC improves the integrity of the mammary epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Weng
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - A P A Monteiro
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - J Guo
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - C Li
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - R M Orellana
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - T N Marins
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - J K Bernard
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | | | | | - S E Wohlgemuth
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - S Tao
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793.
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Yang L, Lv Z, Xia W, Zhang W, Xin Y, Yuan H, Chen Y, Hu X, Lv Y, Xu Q, Weng X, Ni C. The effect of aspirin on circulating tumor cells in metastatic colorectal and breast cancer patients: a phase II trial study. Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 20:912-921. [PMID: 29243075 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1806-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aspirin could reduce the risk of cancer metastasis. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a key factor of cancer metastasis, but no evidence has revealed how aspirin affects CTCs and its epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we conducted a clinical trial to investigate how aspirin affects CTCs in metastatic colorectal cancer (MCC) and breast cancer patients (MBC). METHODS The trial is retrospective registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02602938). The eligible patients are given 100 mg aspirin q.d. for 8 weeks, and CTCs are evaluated at baseline, 4 and 8 weeks for absolute number, phenotype (epithelial type, E+, mesenchymal type, M+, and biophenotypic type, B+), and vimentin expression. RESULTS Data on 21 MCC and 19 MBC patients are analyzed, and it revealed that the CTC numbers decreased with aspirin treatment in MCC (p < 0.001) but not MBC (p = 0.0532); besides, ratio of E+ CTCs increased (p = 0.037) and M+ CTCs decreased at 2 months in MCC (p = 0.013), but neither the ratio of E+ or M+ CTCs changes significantly in MBC; vimentin expression of M+ CTCs is higher than E+ and B+ CTCs either in MBC or MCC patients at baseline (p < 0.01); and aspirin suppresses the vimentin expression in M+ (p = 0.002)and B+ (p = 0.006) CTCs of MCC and M+ CTCs of MBC (p = 0.004); besides it find vimentin expression in B+ (p = 0.004) or M+ (p < 0.001), CTCs are markedly decreased in patients with total CTC numbers declined. CONCLUSION Aspirin could decrease CTCs numbers and block EMT transition in MCC patients and part of MBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medicine College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Lv
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - W Xia
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Xin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - H Yuan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - X Hu
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Lv
- SurExam Bio-Tech, Guangzhou Technology Innovation Base, Science City, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Xu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - X Weng
- Department of General Surgery, Central Hospital of Haining, Zhejiang, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - C Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medicine College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Chen Y, Xiao S, Gong Z, Zhu X, Yang Q, Li Y, Gao S, Dong Y, Shi Z, Wang Y, Weng X, Li Q, Cai W, Qiang W. Wuji Wan Formula Ameliorates Diarrhea and Disordered Colonic Motility in Post-inflammation Irritable Bowel Syndrome Rats by Modulating the Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2307. [PMID: 29218037 PMCID: PMC5703868 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota contribute to the treatment of post-inflammatory irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS). Our previous studies have demonstrated that a Chinese formula, Wuji Wan, has the ability to mitigate abdominal pain and diarrhea in PI-IBS rats. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism and whether the gut microbiota mediate the effect of Wuji Wan on PI-IBS. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether Wuji Wan mitigated PI-IBS by modifying the gut microbiota. PI-IBS was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by enema using 4% acetic acid and restraint stress. Rats were fed water, Wuji Wan extract (630 mg/kg) or pinaverium bromide (13.5 mg/kg). Our data showed that Wuji Wan effectively ameliorated abdominal pain, colonic motility abnormality and visceral hypersensitivity. Analysis of the fecal microbiota showed that Wuji Wan could reverse the reduction in richness of the gut microbiota and significantly increase the relative abundances of Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Parasutterella; however, Lactobacillus and Prevotella were markedly decreased in the PI-IBS rats. Moreover, Wuji Wan promoted goblet cell proliferation in the colonic mucosa by increasing the release of mucin, up-regulating the distribution of tight junction proteins Occludin and ZO-1 and down-regulating the expression of MLCK in colonic epithelial cells. These findings suggest that Wuji Wan may remit IBS by modulating the gut microbiota and stabilizing the gut mucosal barrier, indicating that the use of a classical formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that exhibits a prebiotic effect may be a promising strategy for PI-IBS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuiming Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zipeng Gong
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics in Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangrong Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weijie Qiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Weng X, Monteiro A, Guo J, Ahmed B, Bernard J, Tomlinson D, DeFrain J, Dahl G, Tao S. Short communication: Repeated mammary tissue collections during lactation do not alter subsequent milk yield or composition. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:8422-8425. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
A novel antioxidant, butylated caffeic acid (BCA) was rationally designed by adding a tert-butyl group to caffeic acid, which was synthesized at a high yield (36.2%) from 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol by a four-step reaction including Friedel-Crafts alkylation, bromine oxidation, ether bond hydrolysis and Knoevenagel condensation. Its antioxidant capacity was much stronger than common commercial antioxidant tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) and its mother compound, caffeic acid, in both rancimat and deep frying tests. When investigated via the DPPH method, the antioxidant capacity of BCA was almost equal to TBHQ, but lower than caffeic acid. BCA could be a potentially strong antioxidant, especially for food processing at high temperatures such as deep frying and baking.
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49
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Cui L, Chen L, Xia W, Jiang Y, Cui L, Huang W, Wang W, Wang X, Pei Y, Zheng X, Wang Q, Ning Z, Li M, Wang O, Xing X, Lin Q, Yu W, Weng X, Xu L, Cummings SR. Vertebral fracture in postmenopausal Chinese women: a population-based study. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:2583-2590. [PMID: 28560474 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In a random sample of postmenopausal Chinese women, the prevalence of radiographic vertebral fractures increased from 13% between ages 50 and 59 to over 50% after age 80 years. A model with seven clinical risk factors predicted the probability of vertebral fractures as well with as without BMD and better than a model with only three risk factors. More than half an hour of outdoor activity per day might correlate with lower risk of vertebral fracture in this population. INTRODUCTION We aimed to describe the prevalence and develop a model for prediction of radiographic vertebral fractures in a large random sample of postmenopausal Chinese women. METHODS We enrolled 1760 women from an age-stratified random sample of postmenopausal women in Beijing, China. The presence of vertebral fracture was assessed by semi-quantitative grading of lateral thoracolumbar radiographs, risk factors by interview, bone mineral density (BMD) of the proximal femur and lumbar spine by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and markers of bone turnover from a fasting blood sample. Associations of these factors were analyzed in logistic models and discrimination by areas of receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC). RESULTS The prevalence of vertebral fracture, ranged from 13.4% ages 50 to 59 years old to 58.1% at age 80 years or older. Older age, a history of non-vertebral fracture, lower femoral neck BMD T-score, body mass index (BMI), height loss, housework, and less than half an hour of outdoor activity were significantly associated with increased probability of having a vertebral fracture. A model with those seven factors had a similar AUC with or without BMD and performed better than a simple model with three factors. CONCLUSION This study is from a true random sample of postmenopausal women in urban China with high response rate. The prevalence of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women in Beijing increases from 13% under age 60 to over 50% by age 80 years. A model with seven clinical risk factors with or without BMD is better than simple models and may guide the use of spine x-rays to identify women with vertebral fractures. More than half an hour of outdoor activity might correlate with lower risk of vertebral fracture in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
- Department of Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - W Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - L Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - W Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, BeiJing HaiDian Hospital, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - W Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Cadre Unit, General Hospital of the Second Artillery Force, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Y Pei
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - X Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Liangxiang Hospital, Beijing, 102401, China
| | - Z Ning
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - O Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - X Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Q Lin
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - W Yu
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - X Weng
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - L Xu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - S R Cummings
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, CPMC Research Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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Hai T, Cao C, Shang H, Guo W, Mu Y, Yang S, Zhang Y, Zheng Q, Zhang T, Wang X, Liu Y, Kong Q, Li K, Wang D, Qi M, Hong Q, Zhang R, Wang X, Jia Q, Wang X, Qin G, Li Y, Luo A, Jin W, Yao J, Huang J, Zhang H, Li M, Xie X, Zheng X, Guo K, Wang Q, Zhang S, Li L, Xie F, Zhang Y, Weng X, Yin Z, Hu K, Cong Y, Zheng P, Zou H, Xin L, Xia J, Ruan J, Li H, Zhao W, Yuan J, Liu Z, Gu W, Li M, Wang Y, Wang H, Yang S, Liu Z, Wei H, Zhao J, Zhou Q, Meng A. Pilot study of large-scale production of mutant pigs by ENU mutagenesis. eLife 2017. [PMID: 28639938 PMCID: PMC5505698 DOI: 10.7554/elife.26248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis is a powerful tool to generate mutants on a large scale efficiently, and to discover genes with novel functions at the whole-genome level in Caenorhabditis elegans, flies, zebrafish and mice, but it has never been tried in large model animals. We describe a successful systematic three-generation ENU mutagenesis screening in pigs with the establishment of the Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium. A total of 6,770 G1 and 6,800 G3 pigs were screened, 36 dominant and 91 recessive novel pig families with various phenotypes were established. The causative mutations in 10 mutant families were further mapped. As examples, the mutation of SOX10 (R109W) in pig causes inner ear malfunctions and mimics human Mondini dysplasia, and upregulated expression of FBXO32 is associated with congenital splay legs. This study demonstrates the feasibility of artificial random mutagenesis in pigs and opens an avenue for generating a reservoir of mutants for agricultural production and biomedical research. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.26248.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Tang Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Chunwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Shang
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiwei Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanshuang Mu
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China
| | - Shulin Yang
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Qiantao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Xianlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingran Kong
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China
| | - Kui Li
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dayu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Qianlong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Xiupeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Qitao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Guosong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Yongshun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Ailing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Menghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangmo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Kenan Guo
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shibin Zhang
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Li
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi Yin
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China
| | - Kui Hu
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China
| | - Yimei Cong
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China
| | - Hailong Zou
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China
| | - Leilei Xin
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jihan Xia
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxue Ruan
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hegang Li
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiming Zhao
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zizhan Liu
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwang Gu
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Pearl Laboratory Animal Sci. & Tech. Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Pearl Laboratory Animal Sci. & Tech. Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Working Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Guide Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Shiming Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Guide Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Guide Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Guide Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Guide Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Guide Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China
| | - Anming Meng
- Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium Guide Group, Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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