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Zhang J, Guo H, Wang L, Zheng M, Kong S, Wu H, Zhao L, Zhao Q, Yang X, He Q, Chen X, Ding L, Yang B. Cediranib enhances the transcription of MHC-I by upregulating IRF-1. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116036. [PMID: 38301967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Diminished or lost Major Histocompatibility Complex class I (MHC-I) expression is frequently observed in tumors, which obstructs the immune recognition of tumor cells by cytotoxic T cells. Restoring MHC-I expression by promoting its transcription and improving protein stability have been promising strategies for reestablishing anti-tumor immune responses. Here, through cell-based screening models, we found that cediranib significantly upregulated MHC-I expression in tumor cells. This finding was confirmed in various non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and primary patient-derived lung cancer cells. Furthermore, we discovered cediranib achieved MHC-I upregulation through transcriptional regulation. interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) was required for cediranib induced MHC-I transcription and the absence of IRF-1 eliminated this effect. Continuing our research, we found cediranib triggered STAT1 phosphorylation and promoted IRF-1 transcription subsequently, thus enhancing downstream MHC-I transcription. In vivo study, we further confirmed that cediranib increased MHC-I expression, enhanced CD8+ T cell infiltration, and improved the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 therapy. Collectively, our study demonstrated that cediranib could elevate MHC-I expression and enhance responsiveness to immune therapy, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for its potential clinical trials in combination with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongjie Guo
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Longsheng Wang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mingming Zheng
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shijia Kong
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Honghai Wu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Shulan(Hangzhou)Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Xiaochun Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; The Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ling Ding
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou 311100, China.
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; The Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China.
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Song C, Guo Y, Chen F, Liu W. IRF-1-inhibited lncRNA XIST regulated the osteogenic differentiation via miR-450b/FBXW7 axis. Apoptosis 2023. [PMID: 36800052 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01820-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis influences life quality among elder people. Osteoblast dysfunction could cause the occurrence of osteoporosis. LncRNA XIST are involved in the progression of osteoporosis. However, the correlation between IRF-1 and XIST in osteogenic differentiation remains unclear. In the study, Clinical samples were collected for the analysis of XIST level. mRNA and protein levels were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot, respectively. H&E staining was performed to observe the histological changes in mice. Alizarin Red Staining was applied to assess the calcium deposits in hBMSCs. Meanwhile, the relation among XIST, miR-450b and FBXW7 was investigated by dual luciferase assay and ChIP. In vivo model was constructed to assess the impact of XIST in osteoporosis. XIST was found to be upregulated in osteoporosis, and XIST overexpression could inhibit the osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs. IRF-1 could transcriptionally inhibit the expression of XIST, and XIST could inhibit osteogenic differentiation through binding with miR-450b in hBMSCs. In addition, miR-450b significantly promoted the osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs via targeting FBXW7. Furthermore, XIST knockdown could inhibit the symptom of osteoporosis in vivo. IRF-1 promoted the osteogenic differentiation via mediation of lncRNA XIST/miR-450b/FBXW7 axis, and this finding might shed novel insights on exploring new ideas against osteoporosis.
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Jondle CN, Sylvester PA, Schmalzriedt DL, Njoya K, Tarakanova VL. The Antagonism between the Murine Gammaherpesvirus Protein Kinase and Global Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 Expression Shapes the Establishment of Chronic Infection. J Virol 2022; 96:e0126022. [PMID: 36169331 PMCID: PMC9599343 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01260-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gammaherpesviruses infect most vertebrate species and are associated with B cell lymphomas. Manipulation of B cell differentiation is critical for natural infection and lymphomagenesis driven by gammaherpesviruses. Specifically, human Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) drive differentiation of infected naive B cells into the germinal center to achieve exponential increase in the latent viral reservoir during the establishment of chronic infection. Infected germinal center B cells are also the target of viral lymphomagenesis, as most EBV-positive B cell lymphomas bear the signature of the germinal center response. All gammaherpesviruses encode a protein kinase, which, in the case of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and MHV68, is sufficient and necessary, respectively, to drive B cell differentiation in vivo. In this study, we used the highly tractable MHV68 model of chronic gammaherpesvirus infection to unveil an antagonistic relationship between MHV68 protein kinase and interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1). IRF-1 deficiency had minimal effect on the attenuated lytic replication of the kinase-null MHV68 in vivo. In contrast, the attenuated latent reservoir of the kinase-null MHV68 was partially to fully rescued in IRF-1-/- mice, along with complete rescue of the MHV68-driven germinal center response. Thus, the novel viral protein kinase-IRF-1 antagonism was largely limited to chronic infection dominated by viral latency and was less relevant for lytic replication during acute infection and in vitro. Given the conserved nature of the viral and host protein, the antagonism between the two, as defined in this study, may regulate gammaherpesvirus infection across species. IMPORTANCE Gammaherpesviruses are prevalent pathogens that manipulate physiological B cell differentiation to establish lifelong infection. This manipulation is also involved in gammaherpesvirus-driven B cell lymphomas, as differentiation of latently infected B cells through the germinal center response targets these for transformation. In this study, we define a novel antagonistic interaction between a conserved gammaherpesvirus protein kinase and a host antiviral and tumor suppressor transcription factor. The virus-host antagonism unveiled in this study was critically important to shape the magnitude of gammaherpesvirus-driven germinal center response. In contrast, the virus-host antagonism was far less relevant for lytic viral replication in vitro and during acute infection in vivo, highlighting the emerging concept that nonoverlapping mechanisms shape the parameters of acute and chronic gammaherpesvirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. N. Jondle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - P. A. Sylvester
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - D. L. Schmalzriedt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - K. Njoya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - V. L. Tarakanova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Saffari M, Rahimzada M, Mirhosseini A, Ghezaldasht SA, Valizadeh N, Moshfegh M, Moradi MT, Rezaee SA. Coevolution of HTLV-1-HBZ, Tax, and proviral load with host IRF-1 and CCNA-2 in HAM/TSP patients. Infect Genet Evol 2022; 103:105337. [PMID: 35835355 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Background HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM/TSP) is a progressive neurodegenerative inflammatory condition of HTLV-1 infection. Viral-host interactions are a significant contributor to the symptoms of HTLV-1-associated diseases. Therefore, in this study, the expression of the main regulatory viral factors and proviral load (PVL) and two host transcription molecules were evaluated in HAM/TSP patients. Materials and methods The study population included 17 HAM/TSP patients, 20 asymptomatic carriers (ACs), and 19 healthy controls (HCs). RNA and DNA were extracted from PBMCs for assessment of the gene expressions and PVL assessment using RT-qPCR and TaqMan method. Results HTLV-1-PVL was higher in HAM/TSPs (395.80 ± 99.69) than ACs (92.92 ± 29.41) (P = 0.001). The Tax expression in HAM/TSPs (7.8 ± 5.7) was strongly higher than ACs (0.06 ± 0.04) (P = 0.02), while HTLV-1-HBZ was only increased around three times in HAM/TSPs (3.17), compared to ACs (1.20) and not significant. The host IRF1 expression in HAM/TSPs (0.4 ± 0.31) was higher than ACs (0.09 ± 0.05) (P = 0.02) and also HCs (0.16 ± 0.07) (P = 0.5), but lower in ACs than HCs (p = 0.01). Although, in HAM/TSPs (0.13 ± 0.09) and ACs (0.03 ± 0.02) CCNA-2 expression was statistically fewer than HCs (0.18 ± 0.06) (P = 0.03, P = 0.001, respectively), in HAM/TSP was higher than ACs (P = 0.1), but did not meet a 95% confidence interval. Conclusion The study showed that HTLV-1-PVL and Tax, along with host IRF-1, could be considered biomarkers in HAM/TSP development. Furthermore, IRF-1, as an essential transcription factor, can be considered a pivotal target in HAM/TSPs treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Saffari
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Masooma Rahimzada
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Mirhosseini
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sanaz Ahmadi Ghezaldasht
- Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Narges Valizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad-Taghi Moradi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zhang L, Cheng T, Yang H, Chen J, Wen X, Jiang Z, Yi H, Luo Y. Interferon regulatory factor-1 regulates cisplatin-induced apoptosis and autophagy in A549 lung cancer cells. Med Oncol 2022; 39:38. [PMID: 35092496 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01638-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the expression and function of interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). IRF-1 expression and its prognostic value were investigated through bioinformatic analysis. The protein expression levels of IRF-1, cleaved caspase 3, and LC3-I/II were analyzed by western blotting. A lentiviral vector was used to overexpress or knockdown IRF-1 in vitro. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed by JC-1 and DCFH-DA staining, respectively. ATP, SOD, MDA, cell viability, LDH release, and caspase 3 activity were evaluated using commercial kits. Compared to the levels in normal tissues, IRF-1 expression was significantly lower in lung cancer tissues and was a prognostic factor for NSCLC. Cisplatin treatment-induced IRF-1 activation, ROS production, ATP depletion, SOD consumption, and MDA accumulation in A549 lung cancer cells. IRF-1 overexpression promoted mitochondrial depolarization, oxidative stress, and apoptotic cell death and inhibited autophagy in A549 cells, and these effects could be reversed by IRF-1 knockdown. These data suggest that IRF-1 regulates apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress, which might be served as a potential target for increasing chemotherapy sensitivity of lung cancer.
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Yan Y, Zheng L, Du Q, Geller DA. Interferon-γ/ IRF-1 pathway regulatory mechanisms of PD-L1 expression and relevance for immune checkpoint blockade in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Oncotarget 2021; 12:2316-7. [PMID: 34786183 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Kim MH, Salloum S, Wang JY, Lai Ping W, Regan J, Lefteri K, Manickas-Hill Z, Gao C, Li JZ, Sadreyev RI, Yu XG, Chung RT. Type I, II, and III Interferon Signatures Correspond to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:777-782. [PMID: 34467988 PMCID: PMC8244575 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed plasma levels of interferons (IFNs) and cytokines, and expression of IFN-stimulated genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 of varying disease severity. Patients hospitalized with mild disease exhibited transient type I IFN responses, while intensive care unit patients had prolonged type I IFN responses. Type II IFN responses were compromised in intensive care unit patients. Type III IFN responses were induced in the early phase of infection, even in convalescent patients. These results highlight the importance of early type I and III IFN responses in controlling coronavirus disease 2019 progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Ho Kim
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shadi Salloum
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Y Wang
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wong Lai Ping
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Regan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's
Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Ce Gao
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard,
Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Z Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's
Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruslan I Sadreyev
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General
Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xu G Yu
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard,
Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital,
Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raymond T Chung
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, MA, USA
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Iaconis G, Jackson B, Childs K, Boyce M, Goodbourn S, Blake N, Iturriza-Gomara M, Seago J. Rotavirus NSP1 Inhibits Type I and Type III Interferon Induction. Viruses 2021; 13:589. [PMID: 33807175 DOI: 10.3390/v13040589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) are produced by most cells in response to virus infection and stimulate a program of anti-viral gene expression in neighboring cells to suppress virus replication. Type III IFNs have similar properties, however their effects are limited to epithelial cells at mucosal surfaces due to restricted expression of the type III IFN receptor. Rotavirus (RV) replicates in intestinal epithelial cells that respond predominantly to type III IFNs, and it has been shown that type III rather than type I IFNs are important for controlling RV infections in vivo. The RV NSP1 protein antagonizes the host type I IFN response by targeting IRF-3, IRF-5, IRF-7, or β-TrCP for proteasome-mediated degradation in a strain-specific manner. Here we provide the first demonstration that NSP1 proteins from several human and animal RV strains antagonize type III as well as type I IFN induction. We also show that NSP1 is a potent inhibitor of IRF-1, a previously undescribed property of NSP1 which is conserved among human and animal RVs. Interestingly, all NSP1 proteins were substantially more effective inhibitors of IRF-1 than either IRF-3 or IRF-7 which has significance for evasion of basal anti-viral immunity and type III IFN induction in the intestinal epithelium.
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Yan Y, Zheng L, Du Q, Yazdani H, Dong K, Guo Y, Geller DA. Interferon regulatory factor 1( IRF-1) activates anti-tumor immunity via CXCL10/CXCR3 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cancer Lett 2021; 506:95-106. [PMID: 33689775 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) is a tumor suppressor gene in cancer biology with anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effect on cancer cells, however mechanisms of IRF-1 regulating tumor microenvironment (TME) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain only partially characterized. Here, we investigated that IRF-1 regulates C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) and chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) to activate anti-tumor immunity in HCC. We found that IRF-1 mRNA expression was positively correlated with CXCL10 and CXCR3 through qRT-PCR assay in HCC tumors and in analysis of the TCGA database. IRF-1 response elements were identified in the CXCL10 promoter region, and ChIP-qPCR confirmed IRF-1 binding to promote CXCL10 transcription. IRF-2 is a competitive antagonist for IRF-1 mediated transcriptional effects, and overexpression of IRF-2 decreased basal and IFN-γ induced CXCL10 expression. Although IRF-1 upregulated CXCR3 expression in HCC cells, it inhibited proliferation and exerted pro-apoptotic effects, which overcome proliferation partly mediated by activating the CXCL10/CXCR3 autocrine axis. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that IRF-1 increased CD8+ T cells, NK and NKT cells migration, and activated IFN-γ secretion in NK and NKT cells to induce tumor apoptosis through the CXCL10/CXCR3 paracrine axis. Conversely, this effect was markedly abrogated in HCC tumor bearing mice deficient in CXCR3. Therefore, the IRF-1/CXCL10/CXCR3 axis contributes to the anti-tumor microenvironment in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China; Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
| | - Leting Zheng
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Qiang Du
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Hamza Yazdani
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Kun Dong
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Yarong Guo
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - David A Geller
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
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Shi B, Gao D, Zhong L, Zhi M, Weng X, Xu J, Li J, Du X, Xin Y, Gao J, Zhu Q, Cao S, Liu Z, Han J. IRF-1 expressed in the inner cell mass of the porcine early blastocyst enhances the pluripotency of induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:505. [PMID: 33246502 PMCID: PMC7694439 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01983-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite years of research, porcine-induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) with germline chimeric capacity have not been established. Furthermore, the key transcription factors (TFs) defining the naïve state in piPSCs also remain elusive, even though TFs in the inner cell mass (ICM) are believed to be key molecular determinants of naïve pluripotency. In this study, interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) was screened to express higher in ICM than trophectoderm (TE). But the impact of IRF-1 on maintenance of pluripotency in piPSCs was not determined. METHODS Transcriptome profiles of the early ICM were analyzed to determine highly interconnected TFs. Cells carrying these TFs' reporter were used to as donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer to detect expression patterns in blastocysts. Next, IRF1-Flag was overexpressed in DOX-hLIF-2i piPSCs and AP staining, qRT-PCR, and RNA-seq were conducted to examine the effect of IRF-1 on pluripotency. Then, the expression of IRF-1 in DOX-hLIF-2i piPSCs was labeled by GFP and qRT-PCR was conducted to determine the difference between GFP-positive and GFP-negative cells. Next, ChIP-Seq was conducted to identify genes target by IRF-1. Treatment with IL7 in wild-type piPSCs and STAT3 phosphorylation inhibitor in IRF-1 overexpressing piPSCs was conducted to confirm the roles of JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway in IRF-1's regulation of pluripotency. Moreover, during reprogramming, IRF-1 was overexpressed and knocked down to determine the change of reprogramming efficiency. RESULTS IRF-1 was screened to be expressed higher in porcine ICM than TE of d6~7 SCNT blastocysts. First, overexpression of IRF-1 in the piPSCs was observed to promote the morphology, AP staining, and expression profiles of pluripotency genes as would be expected when cells approach the naïve state. Genes, KEGG pathways, and GO terms related to the process of differentiation were also downregulated. Next, in the wild-type piPSCs, high-level fluorescence activated by the IRF-1 promoter was associated with higher expression of naïve related genes in piPSCs. Analysis by ChIP-Seq indicated that genes related to the JAK-STAT pathway, and expression of IL7 and STAT3 were activated by IRF-1. The inhibitor of STAT3 phosphorylation was observed could revert the expression of primed genes in IRF-1 overexpressing cells, but the addition of IL7 in culture medium had no apparent change in the cell morphology, AP staining results, or expression of pluripotency related genes. In addition, knockdown of IRF-1 during reprogramming appeared to reduce reprogramming efficiency, whereas overexpression exerted the converse effect. CONCLUSION The IRF-1 expressed in the ICM of pigs' early blastocyst enhances the pluripotency of piPSCs, in part through promoting the JAK-STAT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dengfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Minglei Zhi
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Junjun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junhong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuguang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanli Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Suying Cao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jianyong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Shen Y, Sun Z, Mao S, Zhang Y, Jiang W, Wang H. IRF-1 contributes to the pathological phenotype of VSMCs during atherogenesis by increasing CCL19 transcription. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:933-943. [PMID: 33424012 PMCID: PMC7835033 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that mainly involves the large and middle arteries, but the specific mechanism is not precise. Chemokine ligand 19 (CCL19) has been reported highly expressed in peripheral blood of patients with atherosclerosis, but its role lacks explicit data. By ELISA assay and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis, we found that the CCL19 was significantly up-regulated in AS. Therefore, we tried to clarify whether CCL19 expression was related to the progression of AS. QRT-PCR and western blot demonstrated that overexpression of CCL19 promoted the secretion of inflammatory factors and the deposition of the extracellular matrix, and facilitated the proliferation and migration of VSMCS. Besides, knockdown of CCL19 reduced the inflammation, collagen secretion, proliferation and migration of VSMCS induced by PGDF-BB. The results of database analysis, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase assay showed that interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) activated the expression of CCL19 at the transcriptional level. Importantly, silencing IRF-1 inhibited atherosclerosis in high-fat-fed mice, inhibited the proliferation and migration of VSMCS, and down-regulated the expression of CCL19. Summing up, the results demonstrated that IRF-1 contributed to the pathological phenotype of VSMCs during atherogenesis by increasing CCL19 transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Shen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Zhanfeng Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Shuran Mao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yingnan Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Weiliang Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
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12
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Remoli AL, Sgarbanti M, Perrotti E, Acchioni M, Orsatti R, Acchioni C, Battistini A, Clarke R, Marsili G. IκB kinase-ε-mediated phosphorylation triggers IRF-1 degradation in breast cancer cells. Neoplasia 2020; 22:459-469. [PMID: 32784074 PMCID: PMC7419274 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Interferon Regulatory Factors (IRFs) are key regulators of immunity, cell survival and apoptosis. IRF transcriptional activity and subcellular localization are tightly regulated by posttranscriptional modifications including phosphorylation. The IκB kinase family member IKK-ε is essential in regulating antiviral innate immunity mediated by IRFs but is now also recognized as an oncoprotein amplified and overexpressed in breast cancer cell lines and patient-derived tumors. In the present study, we report that the tumor suppressor IRF-1 is a specific target of IKK-ε in breast cancer cells. IKK-ε-mediated phosphorylation of IRF-1 dramatically decreases IRF-1 protein stability, accelerating IRF-1 degradation and quenching IRF-1 transcriptional activity. Chemical inhibition of IKK-ε activity, fully restores IRF-1 levels and function and positively correlates with inhibition of cell growth and proliferation of breast cancer cells. By using a breast cancer cell line stably expressing a dominant negative version of IRF-1 we were able to demonstrate that IKK-ε preferentially exerts its oncogenic potential in breast cancer through the regulation of IRF-1 and point to the IKK-ε-mediated phosphorylation of IRF-1 as a therapeutic target to overcome IKK-ε-mediated tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lisa Remoli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Sgarbanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Edvige Perrotti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Acchioni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Orsatti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Acchioni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Battistini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Robert Clarke
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States; Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota, United States
| | - Giulia Marsili
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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Yan Y, Zheng L, Du Q, Yan B, Geller DA. Interferon regulatory factor 1 ( IRF-1) and IRF-2 regulate PD-L1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:1891-1903. [PMID: 32377817 PMCID: PMC10112362 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02586-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The objective response rate of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with anti PD-L1/PD-1 therapy is low. Discovering the signaling pathways regulating PD-L1 might help to improve ICB response rates. Here, we investigate transcription factors IRF-1 and IRF-2 signaling pathways regulating PD-L1 in HCC cells. In vivo studies show that IRF-1 and PD-L1 mRNA expression in human HCC tumors are significantly repressed compared with noncancerous background liver. IRF-1, IRF-2, and PD-L1 mRNA expression correlated positively in HCC tumors. Increased IRF-1 mRNA expression was observed in patients with well-differentiated or early stage HCC tumors. In vitro studies show that IFN-γ induces PD-L1 mRNA and protein expression through upregulation of IRF-1 in mouse and human HCC cells. IRF-1, IRF-2, and PD-L1 mRNA expression is upregulated in murine HCC by co-culture with effector T cells from spleen cells incubated with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies. IRF-2 over-expression down-regulates IFN-γ induced PD-L1 promoter activity and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. We identify two IRF-1 response elements (IRE1/IRE2) in the upstream 5'-flanking region of the CD274 (PD-L1) gene promoter. Site-directed mutagenesis shows both IRE1 and IRE2 are functional in transfection promoter assays. IRF-1 traditionally functions as tumor suppressor gene. However, these novel findings show a complex role for IRF-1 which upregulates PD-L1 in the inflammatory tumor microenvironment. IRF-1 antagonizes IRF-2 for binding to the IRE promoter element in PD-L1 which gives new insight to the regulation of PD-L1/PD-1 pathways in HCC ICB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Yan
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, China.
| | - Leting Zheng
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiang Du
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Bing Yan
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - David A Geller
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
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Wang Z, Zhou W, Zheng G, Yang G. Inhibition of GPR17 with pranlukast protects against TNF-α-induced loss of type II collagen in ATDC5 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106870. [PMID: 32805694 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease affecting millions of elderly people worldwide. However, the mechanism of OA is complicated and remains poorly understood. Thus, a safe and effective therapeutic strategy has yet to be developed. G protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) is an orphan receptor that is widely distributed in the central nervous system (CNS). GPR17 has become a target for the treatment of inflammation in brain diseases. In this study, we demonstrate that GPR17 is expressed in ATDC5 cells and is increased in response to TNF-α exposure. We also found that antagonism of GPR17 with pranlukast significantly inhibited oxidative stress by downregulating the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing the activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD) against TNF-α. Interestingly, treatment with pranlukast prevented TNF-α-induced reduction of type II collagen. Additionally, knockdown of GPR17 with siRNA ameliorated TNF-α-induced loss of type II collagen, suggesting the importance of the role of GPR17 in mediating the impairment of type II collagen. Blockage of GPR17 with pranlukast suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinases 3 (MMP-3) and matrix metalloproteinases 13 (MMP-13), which contribute to the degradation of type II collagen. Pranlukast also prevented the activation of the JAK2/STAT1/IRF-1 signaling pathway, thereby suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes. Furthermore, pranlukast rescued TNF-α-induced reduced SOX-9 expression. Together, our data indicate that GPR17 might be a potential target for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangfu Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Weiwei Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Guangbin Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Guangyong Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Taizhou 317000, China.
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Guo M, Yan R, Ji Q, Yao H, Sun M, Duan L, Xue Z, Jia Y. IFN regulatory Factor-1 induced macrophage pyroptosis by modulating m6A modification of circ_0029589 in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 86:106800. [PMID: 32674051 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyroptosis is identified as a novel form of inflammatory programmed cell death and has been recently found to be closely related to atherosclerosis (AS). We found that IFN regulatory factor-1(IRF-1) effectively promotes macrophage pyroptosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Subsequent studies have demonstrated that circRNAs are implicated in AS. However, the underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in macrophage pyroptosis remain elusive. METHODS We detected the RNA expression of hsa_circ_0002984, hsa_circ_0010283 and hsa_circ_0029589 in human PBMC-derived macrophages from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The lentiviral recombinant vector for hsa_circ_0029589 overexpression (pLC5-GFP-circ_0029589) and small interference RNAs targeting hsa_circ_0029589 and METTL3 were constructed. Then, macrophages were transfected with pLC5-GFP-circ_0029589, si-circ_0029589 or si-METTL3 after IRF-1 was overexpressed and to explore the potential mechanism of hsa_circ_0029589 involved in IRF-1 induced macrophage pyroptosis. RESULTS The relative RNA expression level of hsa_circ_0029589 in macrophages was decreased, whereas the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) level of hsa_circ_0029589 and the expression of m6A methyltransferase METTL3 were validated to be significantly elevated in macrophages in patients with ACS. Furthermore, overexpression of IRF-1 suppressed the expression of hsa_circ_0029589, but induced its m6A level along with the expression of METTL3 in macrophages. Additionally, either overexpression of hsa_circ_0029589 or inhibition of METTL3 significantly increased the expression of hsa_circ_0029589 and attenuated macrophage pyroptosis. CONCLUSION Our observations suggest a novel mechanism by which IRF-1 facilitates macrophage pyroptosis and inflammation in ACS and AS by inhibiting circ_0029589 through promoting its m6A modification.
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Kamaraj B, Al-Subaie AM, Ahmad F, Surapaneni KM, Alsamman K. Effect of novel leukemia mutations (K75E & E222K) on interferon regulatory factor 1 and its interaction with DNA: insights from molecular dynamics simulations and docking studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:5235-5247. [PMID: 32619131 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1784790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) plays a vital role in cell proliferation and cell differentiation by acting as a tumor suppressor gene and its role is linked to various types of cancers, including leukemia and pre-leukemia myelodysplasia. Mutations in the coding region of the IRF-1 are likely to influence the IRF-1 and its DNA binding affinity. The molecular mechanism of the DNA recognition with the IRF-1 protein upon mutations is still unknown. In this study, we have elucidated the structural and functional behavior of the wild-type and mutant (K75E and E222K) IRF-1 proteins and their corresponding molecular mechanisms with DNA recognition at the molecular level, using molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, we also applied the docking approach to examine the binding between the IRF-1 protein and DNA upon mutations. This study evidently explains that, due to mutations, the IRF-1 structure loses its stability and becomes more flexible than the wild-type protein. This structural loss might affect IRF-1-DNA interaction and lead to the inhibition of cancer suppression. Identifying the effects of IRF-1 at the molecular level will be beneficial for designing drugs for IRF-1 associated cancers. These drugs should be designed so that they can help reactivate the IRF-1 function, by increasing the transcriptional activity, to treat leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balu Kamaraj
- Department of Neuroscience Technology, College of Applied Medical Science in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Mohammed Al-Subaie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fazil Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesia Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Krishna Mohan Surapaneni
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Jubail (CAMSJ), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Jubail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
| | - Khaldoon Alsamman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Jondle CN, Johnson KE, Uitenbroek AA, Sylvester PA, Nguyen C, Cui W, Tarakanova VL. B Cell-Intrinsic Expression of Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 Supports Chronic Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 Infection. J Virol 2020; 94:e00399-20. [PMID: 32321819 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00399-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gammaherpesviruses are ubiquitous pathogens that are associated with cancers, including B cell lymphomas. These viruses are unique in that they infect naive B cells and subsequently drive a robust polyclonal germinal center response in order to amplify the latent reservoir and to establish lifelong infection in memory B cells. The gammaherpesvirus-driven germinal center response in combination with robust infection of germinal center B cells is thought to precipitate lymphomagenesis. Importantly, host and viral factors that selectively affect the gammaherpesvirus-driven germinal center response remain poorly understood. Global deficiency of antiviral tumor-suppressive interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) selectively promotes the murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68)-driven germinal center response and expansion of the viral latent reservoir. To determine the extent to which antiviral effects of IRF-1 are B cell intrinsic, we generated mice with conditional IRF-1 deficiency. Surprisingly, B cell-specific IRF-1 deficiency attenuated the establishment of chronic infection and the germinal center response, indicating that MHV68 may, in a B cell-intrinsic manner, usurp IRF-1 to promote the germinal center response and expansion of the latent reservoir. Further, we found that B cell-specific IRF-1 deficiency led to reduced levels of active tyrosine phosphatase SHP1, which plays a B cell-intrinsic proviral function during MHV68 infection. Finally, results of this study indicate that the antiviral functions of IRF-1 unveiled in MHV68-infected mice with global IRF-1 deficiency are mediated via IRF-1 expression by non-B cell populations.IMPORTANCE Gammaherpesviruses establish lifelong infection in over 95% of all adults and are associated with B cell lymphomas. The virus's manipulation of the germinal center response and B cell differentiation to establish lifelong infection is thought to also precipitate malignant transformation, through a mechanism that remains poorly understood. The host transcription factor IRF-1, a well-established tumor suppressor, selectively attenuates MHV68-driven germinal center response, a phenotype that we originally hypothesized to occur in a B cell-intrinsic manner. In contrast, in testing, B cell-intrinsic IRF-1 expression promoted the MHV68-driven germinal center response and the establishment of chronic infection. Our report highlights the underappreciated multifaceted role of IRF-1 in MHV68 infection and pathogenesis.
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Dong K, Du Q, Cui X, Wan P, Kaltenmeier C, Luo J, Yan B, Yan Y, Geller DA. MicroRNA-301a (miR-301a) is induced in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and down- regulates the expression of interferon regulatory factor-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:273-279. [PMID: 31987500 PMCID: PMC7857543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumors evade death in part by downregulating expression of the tumor suppressor gene Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1). However, the molecular mechanisms accounting for IRF-1 suppression in HCC have not been well described. In this study, we identified a novel microRNA-301a (miR-301a) binding site in the 3'-untranslated region (3'- UTR) of the human IRF-1 gene and hypothesized a functional role for miR-301a in regulating HCC growth. We show that miR-301a is markedly upregulated in primary HCC tumors and HCC cell lines, while IRF-1 is down-regulated in a post-transcriptional manner. MiR-301a regulates basal and inducible IRF-1 expression in HCC cells with an inverse relationship between miR-301a and IRF-1 expression in HCC cells. Chronic hypoxia induces miR-301a in HCC in vitro and decreases IRF-1 expression. Finally, miR-301a inhibition increases apoptosis and decreases HCC cell proliferation. These findings suggest that targeting of IRF-1 by miR-301a contributes to the molecular basis for IRF-1 downregulation in HCC and provides new insight into the regulation of HCC by miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Qiang Du
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Xiao Cui
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Peiqi Wan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | | | - Jing Luo
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Yihe Yan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - David A Geller
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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19
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Tan L, Yuan J, Zhu W, Tao K, Wang G, Gao J. Interferon regulatory factor-1 suppresses DNA damage response and reverses chemotherapy resistance by downregulating the expression of RAD51 in gastric cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:1255-1270. [PMID: 32368400 PMCID: PMC7191096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that IRF-1 plays a significant role in various tumour-induced chemoresistance, but its role and mechanism in gastric cancer-associated chemoresistance are not clear. Our study showed that IRF-1 expression could reverse gastric cancer-related chemoresistance. Dysregulated DNA repair is an important cause of chemoresistance. We established a chemoresistant gastric cancer cell line and found that drug-resistant gastric cancer cells had increased DNA repair ability and that IRF-1 regulated DNA damage repair. Further studies showed that IRF-1 inhibited the expression of RAD51 directly by binding to the RAD51 promoter to affect DNA damage repair; this binding reversed resistance. However, restoring the expression of RAD51 halted the inhibitory effect of IRF-1 partially. Also, we revealed that the overexpression of IRF-1 in a mouse model synergized with chemotherapeutic drugs to inhibit tumour growth. Finally, IRF-1 expression correlated with RAD51 expression in gastric cancer specimens. The expression of IRF-1 and RAD51 are both related to the survival duration of patients with gastric cancer. These results suggest that targeting IRF-1-RAD51 could be an effective approach to reversing multidrug resistance in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jingsheng Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhong Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Guobing Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jinbo Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022, Hubei, P. R. China
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Cui J, Xu X, Li Y, Hu X, Xie Y, Tan J, Qiao W. TRIM14 expression is regulated by IRF-1 and IRF-2. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1413-1420. [PMID: 31150153 PMCID: PMC6668374 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif‐containing 14 (TRIM14) is a mitochondrial adaptor that promotes innate immune signaling and plays important roles in antiviral defense. Expression of TRIM14 is induced by interferon (IFN)‐I. However, the mechanism by which IFN‐I induces TRIM14 production is not yet determined. In this study, we have examined the function of TRIM14 promoter and found that a GC box and an IFN‐stimulated response element (ISRE) are necessary for the basal level transcription of TRIM14. We further observed that IFN‐I activates the TRIM14 promoter through the ISRE. In particular, interferon regulatory factor (IRF)‐1 and IRF‐2 bind to the TRIM14 promoter and activate transcription of TRIM14. Moreover, knockdown of IRF‐1 reduces the stimulation of TRIM14 transcription by IFN‐α, suggesting that IRF‐1 is involved in the activation of TRIM14 by IFN‐I. IRF‐2 has little effect on IFN‐α‐induced TRIM14 transcription but is essential for the basal transcription of TRIM14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yutong Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingpeng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wentao Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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21
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Storchi L, Remoli AL, Marsili G, Acchioni C, Acchioni M, Battistini A, Sgarbanti M, Marrone A. A model of the three-dimensional structure of human interferon responsive factor 1 and its modifications upon phosphorylation or phosphorylation-mimicking mutations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 37:4632-4643. [PMID: 30569833 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1557558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Interferon responsive factor 1 (IRF-1) is a pleiotropic transcription factor, possessing non-redundant biological activities that depend on its interaction with different protein partners and multiple post-translational modifications including phosphorylation. In particular, a 5'-SXXXSXS-3' motif of the protein represents the target of the IκB-related kinases, TANK-binding kinase (TBK)-1 and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase (IKK)-ε. Here, a 3D model of human IRF-1 was determined by using multi-template comparative modeling and molecular dynamics approaches. Models obtained through either phosphorylation or aspartate mutation of residues 215, 219 and 221 were also calculated and compared to the wild type. Calculations indicated that each of these modifications mainly induces a rigidification of the protein structure and only slightly changes in electrostatics and hydrophobicity of IRF-1 surface, resulting in the impairment of the capacity of IRF-1 containing as partate mutations (S221D and S215D/S219D/S221D) to synergize with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α stimulation in inducing interferon (IFN) promoter-mediated reporter gene activation. Therefore, these changes are qualitatively correlated to the amount of negative charge located on the 215-221 segments of IRF-1 by phosphorylation or aspartate mutation. Hypotheses on the structural mechanism that governs the phosphorylation-related damping of IRF-1 activity were also drawn. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loriano Storchi
- Department of Pharmacy, Università "G d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy.,Molecular Discovery Limited , Pinner, Middlesex, London , United Kingdom
| | - Anna Lisa Remoli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Giulia Marsili
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Chiara Acchioni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Marta Acchioni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Angela Battistini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Marco Sgarbanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Alessandro Marrone
- Department of Pharmacy, Università "G d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
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22
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Jin D, Guo J, Wang D, Wu Y, Wang X, Gao Y, Shao C, Xu X, Tan S. The antineoplastic drug metformin downregulates YAP by interfering with IRF-1 binding to the YAP promoter in NSCLC. EBioMedicine 2018; 37:188-204. [PMID: 30389502 PMCID: PMC6284514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Activation of the oncogene YAP has been shown to be related to lung cancer progression and associates with poor prognosis and metastasis. Metformin is a drug commonly used in the treatment of diabetes and with anticancer activity. However, the mechanism through which metformin inhibits tumorigenesis via YAP is poorly understood. Methods The mRNA and protein expressions were analyzed by RT-PCR and western blot. The cellular proliferation was detected by CCK8 and MTT. The cell migration and invasion growth were analyzed by wound healing assay and transwell assay. The activities of promoter were analyzed by luciferase reporter assay. Chromatin immunoprecipitation detected the combining ability of IRF-1 and 5′UTR-YAP. Findings Our immunohistochemistry staining and RT-PCR assays showed that the expression of YAP was higher in lung carcinoma samples. Interestingly, metformin was able to downregulate YAP mRNA and protein expression in lung cancer cells. Mechanistically, we found that metformin depressed YAP promoter by competing with the binding of the transcription factor IRF-1 in lung cancer cells. Moreover, combination of metformin and verteporfin synergistically inhibits cell proliferation, promotes apoptosis and suppresses cell migration/invasion by downregulating YAP, therefore reduces the side effects caused by their single use and improve the quality of life for patients with lung cancer. Interpretation we concluded that metformin depresses YAP promoter by interfering with the binding of the transcription factor IRF-1. Importantly, verteporfin sensitizes metformin-induced the depression of YAP and inhibition of cell growth and invasion in lung cancer cells. Fund This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31801085), the Science and Technology Development Foundation of Yantai (2015ZH082), Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2018QH004, ZR2016HB55, ZR2017PH067 and ZR2017MH125), and Research Foundation of Binzhou Medical University (BY2015KYQD29 and BY2015KJ14).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Jin
- Department of Pain, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, PR China
| | - Jiwei Guo
- Cancer research institute, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, PR China.
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Department of Pain, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, PR China
| | - Yan Wu
- Cancer research institute, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, PR China
| | - Yong Gao
- Department of Pain, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, PR China
| | - Cuijie Shao
- Department of Pain, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, PR China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Pain, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, PR China
| | - Shuying Tan
- Department of Pain, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, PR China
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23
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Dang W, Xu L, Ma B, Chen S, Yin Y, Chang KO, Peppelenbosch MP, Pan Q. Nitazoxanide Inhibits Human Norovirus Replication and Synergizes with Ribavirin by Activation of Cellular Antiviral Response. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:e00707-18. [PMID: 30104275 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00707-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Norovirus is the main cause of viral gastroenteritis worldwide. Although norovirus gastroenteritis is self-limiting in immunocompetent individuals, chronic infections with debilitating and life-threatening complications occur in immunocompromised patients. Nitazoxanide (NTZ) has been used empirically in the clinic and has demonstrated effectiveness against norovirus gastroenteritis. In this study, we aimed at uncovering the antiviral potential and mechanisms of action of NTZ and its active metabolite, tizoxanide (TIZ), using a human norovirus (HuNV) replicon. NTZ and TIZ, collectively referred to as thiazolides (TZD), potently inhibited replication of HuNV and a norovirus surrogate, feline calicivirus. Mechanistic studies revealed that TZD activated cellular antiviral response and stimulated the expression of a subset of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), particularly interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1), not only in a Huh7 cell-based HuNV replicon, but also in naive Huh7 and Caco-2 cells and novel human intestinal organoids. Overexpression of exogenous IRF-1 inhibited HuNV replication, whereas knockdown of IRF-1 largely attenuated the antiviral activity of TZD, suggesting that IRF-1 mediated TZD inhibition of HuNV. By using a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, CP-690550, and a STAT1 knockout approach, we found that TZD induced antiviral response independently of the classical JAK-signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway. Furthermore, TZD and ribavirin synergized to inhibit HuNV replication and completely depleted the replicons from host cells after long-term treatment. In summary, our results demonstrated that TZD combated HuNV replication through activation of cellular antiviral response, in particular by inducing a prominent antiviral effector, IRF-1. NTZ monotherapy or combination with ribavirin represent promising options for treating norovirus gastroenteritis, especially in immunocompromised patients.
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24
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Annibali V, Umeton R, Palermo A, Severa M, Etna MP, Giglio S, Romano S, Ferraldeschi M, Buscarinu MC, Vecchione A, Annese A, Policano C, Mechelli R, Pizzolato Umeton R, Fornasiero A, Angelini DF, Guerrera G, Battistini L, Coccia EM, Salvetti M, Ristori G. Analysis of coding and non-coding transcriptome of peripheral B cells reveals an altered interferon response factor (IRF)-1 pathway in multiple sclerosis patients. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 324:165-171. [PMID: 30270021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Several evidences emphasize B-cell pathogenic roles in multiple sclerosis (MS). We performed transcriptome analyses on peripheral B cells from therapy-free patients and age/sex-matched controls. Down-regulation of two transcripts (interferon response factor 1-IRF1, and C-X-C motif chemokine 10-CXCL10), belonging to the same pathway, was validated by RT-PCR in 26 patients and 21 controls. IRF1 and CXCL10 transcripts share potential seeding sequences for hsa-miR-424, that resulted up-regulated in MS patients. We confirmed this interaction and its functional effect by transfection experiments. Consistent findings indicate down-regulation of IRF1/CXCL10 axis, that may plausibly contribute to a pro-survival status of B cells in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Annibali
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Umeton
- Department of Informatics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Antonia Palermo
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Calabria
| | - Martina Severa
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Disease, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marilena Paola Etna
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Disease, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Giglio
- Division of Pathology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Romano
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Ferraldeschi
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Buscarinu
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Vecchione
- Division of Pathology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anita Annese
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Policano
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosella Mechelli
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Arianna Fornasiero
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Eliana Marina Coccia
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Disease, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Salvetti
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed (M.S.), Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Ristori
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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25
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Cui Z, Li S, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 Activates Autophagy to Aggravate Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Increasing High Mobility Group Box 1 Release. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 48:328-338. [PMID: 30016764 DOI: 10.1159/000491732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Interferon regulatory factor 1(IRF-1) and high mobility group box 1(HMGB1) have been independently identified as being key players in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). We attempted to determine whether IRF-1 activates autophagy to aggravate hepatic IRI by increasing HMGB1 release. METHODS The hepatic IRI model was generated in C57BL/6 mice, euthanized at 2, 6, 12 or 24 h after reperfusion. To examine the effects of HMGB1 release inhibition, Glycyrrhiza acid (GA) was administered to the mice and at six hours after injectiont. AML12 cells were immersed in mineral oil for 90 min and then cultured in complete Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM)/F12 to simulate IRI. AML12 cells were treated with IRF-1 siRNA, Ad-IRF-1 or GA. The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as well as histological changes were examined. Next, autophagic vacuoles were detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) or LC3 dots. The expression of IRF-1 and HMGB1 mRNA were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression of IRF-1, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), Bcl-2, Beclin 1, HMGB1 were detected by western blotting or immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The levels of hepatic IRF-1, mRNA and protein were significantly increased in livers after exposure to IRI, together with, IRI-induced increase of HMGB1 mRNA and release of HMGB1 in liver tissue. Knockout of IRF-1 decreased expression and release of HMGB1 in liver, and inhibiting the release of HMGB1 could alleviate hepatic IRI. In addition, knockout of IRF-1 downregulated LC3II and Beclin1, while number of autophagosomes or LC3 dots were increased. Up-regulating IRF-1 expression could increase the levels of LC3Ⅱ expression in AML12 cells after exposure to IRI. The levels of HMGB1 in Ad-IRF-1 transfected AML12 cell supernatants increased, together with number of LC3 dots increasing. However, GA could inhibit both Ad-IRF-1 induced HMGB1 release and the increase in the number of LC3 dots. CONCLUSIONS IRF-1 activates autophagy to aggravate hepatic IRI by increasing HMGB1 release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Organ Transplant Center, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shipeng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozuo People's Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Zirong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yamin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
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26
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Dang W, Xu L, Yin Y, Chen S, Wang W, Hakim MS, Chang KO, Peppelenbosch MP, Pan Q. IRF-1, RIG-I and MDA5 display potent antiviral activities against norovirus coordinately induced by different types of interferons. Antiviral Res 2018; 155:48-59. [PMID: 29753657 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Norovirus represents the main cause of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. In immunocompromised patients, it bears high risk of causing chronic infection with significant morbidity and mortality. The lack of specific treatment prompts the development of anti-norovirus agents. In this study, we have investigated the role of interferon (IFN) response and evaluated antiviral activities of different IFNs against human norovirus (HuNoV) replication using a HuNoV replicon model. We found that HuNoV RNA replication was sensitive to all types of IFNs, including IFNα (type I), IFNγ (type II), IFNλ1 and 3 (type III). IFNs canonically induce interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) to exert their antiviral activities. By profiling a subset of important human ISGs using an overexpression approach, we have identified RTP4 and HPSE as moderate anti-norovirus ISGs, whereas IRF-1, RIG-I (also known as DDX58) and MDA5 (also known as IFIH1) were identified as potent anti-norovirus effectors. Interestingly, type I and III IFNs coordinately induced IRF-1, RIG-I and MDA5; whereas type II IFN predominantly induced IRF-1 to exhibit their anti-norovirus activities. Combination of different IFNs revealed that IFNγ worked cooperatively with type I or type III IFNs to induce ISGs and subsequently inhibit HuNoV replication. Of note, replication of HuNoV did not interfere with antiviral IFN response. In summary, we showed the potent anti-norovirus activities of different types of IFNs and identified the key anti-norovirus effectors. These findings are important for understanding norovirus-host interactions and developing antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Dang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yuebang Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sunrui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wenshi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mohamad S Hakim
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kyeong-Ok Chang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, USA
| | - Maikel P Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Qiuwei Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
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27
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Carlin AF, Plummer EM, Vizcarra EA, Sheets N, Joo Y, Tang W, Day J, Greenbaum J, Glass CK, Diamond MS, Shresta S. An IRF-3-, IRF-5-, and IRF-7-Independent Pathway of Dengue Viral Resistance Utilizes IRF-1 to Stimulate Type I and II Interferon Responses. Cell Rep 2018; 21:1600-1612. [PMID: 29117564 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of transcription factors (TFs) that translate viral recognition into antiviral responses, including type I interferon (IFN) production. Dengue virus (DENV) and other clinically important flaviviruses are suppressed by type I IFN. While mice lacking the type I IFN receptor (Ifnar1-/-) succumb to DENV infection, we found that mice deficient in three transcription factors controlling type I IFN production (Irf3-/-Irf5-/-Irf7-/- triple knockout [TKO]) survive DENV challenge. DENV infection of TKO mice resulted in minimal type I IFN production but a robust type II IFN (IFN-γ) response. Using loss-of-function approaches for various molecules, we demonstrate that the IRF-3-, IRF-5-, IRF-7-independent pathway predominantly utilizes IFN-γ and, to a lesser degree, type I IFNs. This pathway signals via IRF-1 to stimulate interleukin-12 (IL-12) production and IFN-γ response. These results reveal a key antiviral role for IRF-1 by activating both type I and II IFN responses during DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron F Carlin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily M Plummer
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edward A Vizcarra
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Sheets
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yunichel Joo
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - William Tang
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy Day
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jay Greenbaum
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology and Immunology, and Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sujan Shresta
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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28
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Lin SH, Chuang HY, Ho JC, Lee CH, Hsiao CC. Treatment with TNF-α inhibitor rectifies M1 macrophage polarization from blood CD14+ monocytes in patients with psoriasis independent of STAT1 and IRF-1 activation. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 91:276-284. [PMID: 29914850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease with dramatic responses to TNF-α inhibitors. TNF-α is mainly produced by macrophages. However, how macrophage polarization contributes to psoriasis remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of macrophage polarization in psoriasis. METHODS 8 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis (Male/Female: 4/4, average age: 47.9 years old) and 8 healthy controls (Male/Female: 4/4, average age: 49.3 years old) were recruited. Their peripheral CD14+ monocytes were isolated with magnetic beads and then were differentiated into macrophages. The differential macrophage polarization was compared among normal controls, psoriatic patients before and after TNF-α inhibitors. The U937 cells were used to investigate the mechanisms by which TNF-α altered the macrophage polarization. RESULTS The ratio of M1 to M2a macrophage polarization was higher in psoriatic patients comparing with that in controls. The decreasing M1/M2a ratio was parallel to decreasing PASI severity score after adalimumab treatment. Consistently, TNF-α blockage decreased M1/M2a ratio in U937 cells. The induction of STAT1 and IRF-1 in polarized U937 M1 cells was inhibited by TNF-α inhibitor. However, STAT1 and/or IRF-1 interference could not resume M1 polarization. In skin, the increased M1 and M2 infiltration in lesions returned to baseline after successful treatment with TNF-α inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS Increased M1 polarization is associated with higher disease severity in psoriasis, resuming to baseline after successful treatment by TNF-α inhibitors. TNF-α blockage inhibits M1 polarization through STAT1- and IRF-1-independent pathways. Macrophage polarization may contribute to disease progression in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Hung Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Yi Chuang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ji-Chen Ho
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Chun Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan; Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Zhang HM, Li SP, Yu Y, Wang Z, He JD, Xu YJ, Zhang RX, Zhang JJ, Zhu ZJ, Shen ZY. Bi-directional roles of IRF-1 on autophagy diminish its prognostic value as compared with Ki67 in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:37979-37992. [PMID: 27191889 PMCID: PMC5122365 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognostic values of IRF-1 and Ki-67 for liver transplantation (LT) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were investigated, as well as the mechanisms of IRF-1 in tumor suppression. Adult orthotropic liver transplantation cases (N = 127) were involved in the analysis. A significant decreased recurrence free survival (RFS) was found in the Ki-67 positive groups. Ki-67, tumor microemboli, the Milan and UCSF criteria were found to be independent risk factors for RFS. In LT for HCC beyond the Milan criteria, a significant decrease in RFS was found in the IRF-1 negative groups. In SK-Hep1 cells, an increase in apoptosis and decrease in autophagy were observed after IFN-γ stimulation, which was accompanied with increasing IRF-1 levels. When IRF-1 siRNA or a caspase inhibitor were used, reductions in LC3-II were diminished or disappeared after IFN-γ stimulation, suggesting that IFN-γ inhibited autophagy via IRF-1 expression and caspase activation. However, after IRF-1 siRNA was introduced, a reduction in LC3-II was found. Thus basic expression of IRF-1 was also necessary for autophagy. IRF-1 may be used as a potential target for HCC treatment based on its capacity to affect apoptosis and autophagy. Ki-67 shows great promise for the prediction of HCC recurrence in LT and can be used as an aid in the selection of LT candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ming Zhang
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Department of Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Peng Li
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yao Yu
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Dan He
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Jie Xu
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Xin Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhang
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Department of Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhu
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, China Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Yang Shen
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Department of Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, P. R. China
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Landgraf-Rauf K, Boeck A, Siemens D, Klucker E, Vogelsang V, Schmidt S, Kunze S, Weissenbacher C, Graessel A, Schmidt-Weber C, von Mutius E, Schedel M, Schaub B. IRF-1 SNPs influence the risk for childhood allergic asthma: A critical role for pro-inflammatory immune regulation. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2018; 29:34-41. [PMID: 29047170 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic and non-allergic childhood asthma has been characterized by distinct immune mechanisms. While interferon regulating factor 1 (IRF-1) polymorphisms (SNPs) influence atopy risk, the effect of SNPs on asthma phenotype-specific immune mechanisms is unclear. We assessed whether IRF-1 SNPs modify distinct immune-regulatory pathways in allergic and non-allergic childhood asthma (AA/NA). METHODS In the CLARA study, asthma was characterized by doctor's diagnosis and AA vs NA by positive or negative specific IgE. Children were genotyped for four tagging SNPs within IRF-1 (n = 172). mRNA expression was measured with qRT-PCR. Gene expression was analyzed depending on genetic variants within IRF-1 and phenotype including haplotype estimation and an allelic risk score. RESULTS Carrying the risk alleles of IRF-1 in rs10035166, rs2706384, or rs2070721 was associated with increased risk for AA. Carrying the non-risk allele in rs17622656 was associated with lower risk for AA but not NA. In AA carrying the risk alleles, an increased pro-inflammatory expression of ICAM3, IRF-8, XBP-1, IFN-γ, RGS13, RORC, and TSC2 was observed. NOD2 expression was decreased in AA with risk alleles in rs2706384 and rs10035166 and with risk haplotype. Further, AA with risk haplotype showed increased IL-13 secretion. NA with risk allele in rs2070721 compared to non-risk allele in rs17622656 showed significantly upregulated calcium, innate, mTOR, neutrophil, and inflammatory-associated genes. CONCLUSION IRF-1 polymorphisms influence the risk for childhood allergic asthma being associated with increased pro-inflammatory gene regulation. Thus, it is critical to implement IRF-1 genetics in immune assessment for childhood asthma phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Landgraf-Rauf
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy, University Children's Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Boeck
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy, University Children's Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Diana Siemens
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy, University Children's Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Klucker
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy, University Children's Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vanessa Vogelsang
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy, University Children's Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Schmidt
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy, University Children's Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja Kunze
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Weissenbacher
- Department of Endocrinology, University Children's Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anke Graessel
- ZAUM - Center of Allergy and Environment, Technische Universität and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Schmidt-Weber
- ZAUM - Center of Allergy and Environment, Technische Universität and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Erika von Mutius
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy, University Children's Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela Schedel
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Bianca Schaub
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy, University Children's Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
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Alsamman K, Zhang X, Vatte C, Al Hamad M, El-Masry OS, Owaidah AY, Alzahrani F, Lin Y. Novel IRF-1 Mutations in a Small Cohort of Leukaemia Patients From Saudi Arabia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:2795-2801. [PMID: 29072416 PMCID: PMC5747406 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.10.2795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Involvement of the Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 (IRF-1) gene in regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation
made it a potential target in cancer research. IRF-1 acts as a tumor suppressor gene, and is inactivated in chronic
(CML) and non-chronic myelogenous leukemia (non-CML). In the light of numerous reports on genetic changes in the
noncoding region of the IRF-1 gene, this study aimed to explore possible genomic changes in coding and non-coding
regions of IRF-1 in a random sample of leukemic Saudi patients, in order to obtain insights into potential impact of
genetic changes on clinicopathological characteristics. Patients were classified into two major leukemia subtypes: CML
(8 cases; 36.4%) and non-CML (14 cases; 63.6%). Sequencing results revealed two novel mutations in the coding area
of the IRF-1 gene likely to influence the IRF-1/DNA binding affinity. In addition, three mutational sites in the noncoding
region between exon 5&6 (8985(T>G), 8,990(T>G) and 8995(A>G) were identified. In conclusion, a larger
representative study might help provide better understanding of the possible contribution of the identified genetic
changes in IRF-1 to disease prognosis and outcomes in leukemic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaldoon Alsamman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. ,
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Xu X, Chai K, Chen Y, Lin Y, Zhang S, Li X, Qiao W, Tan J. Interferon activates promoter of Nmi gene via interferon regulator factor-1. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 441:165-171. [PMID: 28913576 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3182-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
N-Myc interactor (Nmi) is reported to participate in many activities, such as signaling transduction, transcription regulation, and antiviral responses. As Nmi may play important roles in interferon (IFN)-induced responses, we investigated the mechanism how Nmi protein is regulated. We identified and cloned the promoter of Nmi gene. Sequence analysis and luciferase assays shown that an IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) and a GC box in the promoter were essential for the basal transcription activity of Nmi gene. We also found that interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) could activate transcription of Nmi by binding to the ISRE in the promoter. Knockdown of IRF-1 decreases IFN-induced Nmi transcription. These results revealed that IRF-1 is involved in the IFN-inducible expression of Nmi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Keli Chai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yongquan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Suzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xin Li
- Biological Experiment Center, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wentao Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Juan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Smithy JW, Moore LM, Pelekanou V, Rehman J, Gaule P, Wong PF, Neumeister VM, Sznol M, Kluger HM, Rimm DL. Nuclear IRF-1 expression as a mechanism to assess "Capability" to express PD-L1 and response to PD-1 therapy in metastatic melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 2017; 5:25. [PMID: 28331615 PMCID: PMC5359951 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-017-0229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Predictive biomarkers for antibodies against programmed death 1 (PD-1) remain a major unmet need in metastatic melanoma. Specifically, response is seen in tumors that do not express programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), highlighting the need for a more sensitive biomarker. We hypothesize that capacity to express PD-L1, as assessed by an assay for a PD-L1 transcription factor, interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1), may better distinguish patients likely to benefit from anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Methods Samples from 47 melanoma patients that received nivolumab, pembrolizumab, or combination ipilimumab/nivolumab at Yale New Haven Hospital from May 2013 to March 2016 were collected. Expression of IRF-1 and PD-L1 in archival pre-treatment formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples were assessed by the AQUA method of quantitative immunofluorescence. Objective radiographic response (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS) were assessed using modified RECIST v1.1 criteria. Results Nuclear IRF-1 expression was higher in patients with partial or complete response (PR/CR) than in patients with stable or progressive disease (SD/PD) (p = 0.044). There was an insignificant trend toward higher PD-L1 expression in patients with PR/CR (p = 0.085). PFS was higher in the IRF-1-high group than the IRF-1-low group (p = 0.017), while PD-L1 expression had no effect on PFS (p = 0.83). In a subset analysis, a strong association with PFS is seen in patients treated with combination ipilimumab and nivolumab (p = 0.0051). Conclusions As a measure of PD-L1 expression capability, IRF-1 expression may be a more valuable predictive biomarker for anti-PD-1 therapy than PD-L1 itself. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40425-017-0229-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Smithy
- Department of Pathology, BML116 Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, PO Box 208023, 06520 New Haven, CT USA
| | - Lauren M Moore
- Department of Pathology, BML116 Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, PO Box 208023, 06520 New Haven, CT USA
| | - Vasiliki Pelekanou
- Department of Pathology, BML116 Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, PO Box 208023, 06520 New Haven, CT USA
| | - Jamaal Rehman
- Department of Pathology, BML116 Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, PO Box 208023, 06520 New Haven, CT USA
| | - Patricia Gaule
- Department of Pathology, BML116 Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, PO Box 208023, 06520 New Haven, CT USA
| | - Pok Fai Wong
- Department of Pathology, BML116 Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, PO Box 208023, 06520 New Haven, CT USA
| | - Veronique M Neumeister
- Department of Pathology, BML116 Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, PO Box 208023, 06520 New Haven, CT USA
| | - Mario Sznol
- Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Harriet M Kluger
- Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, BML116 Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, PO Box 208023, 06520 New Haven, CT USA.,Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
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Lou Y, Xia D, Yu M, Tong J, Jin J. Identification of an IRF-1 splicing transcript in APL cells sharing similar transactivation activity of the full length one. Gene 2017; 605:108-13. [PMID: 28039033 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) is a member of the interferon regulatory factor family. It acts as a transcriptional activator and plays a critical role in antiviral defense, immune response, cell growth regulation, apoptosis and cell differentiation. Deletions, mutations or aberrant splicing of IRF-1 would result in its functional inactivation, and closely related to the tumorigenesis. In this work, we identified an IRF-1 splicing transcript (IRF-1-s) in all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-treated acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cell line NB4 cells. It lost the exon 8 and 9 of the full length IRF-1, expressed in numerous cell types and could be induced to expression by ATRA in NB4 cells. It turned out similar biological activity as full length IRF-1 to enhance the transcription of interferon stimulated response element (ISRE)-containing target genes. Identification of IRF-1-s in NB4 cells would be benefit for our further exploring the signaling pathway of ATRA and interferons, as well as the mechanisms of differentiation of APL cells.
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Perazzio AS, Oliveira JS, Figueiredo VL, Chauffaille ML. Increase of IRF-1 gene expression and impairment of T regulatory cells suppression activity on patients with myelodysplastic syndrome: A longitudinal one-year study. Leuk Res 2017; 55:6-17. [PMID: 28113084 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that abnormalities in interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) expression might develop myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). IRF-1 was described as modulator of T regulatory (Treg) cells by suppressing Foxp3 on mice. We aimed to determine the role of Treg and IRF-1 in MDS. Thirty-eight MDS patients fulfilling WHO criteria and classified according to risk scores were evaluated at time 0 (T0) and after 12 months (T12) for: Treg suppression activity in coculture with T effector (Teff) cells; IRF-1 and Foxp3 genetic expression by qRT-PCR; IL-2, -4, -6, -10, -17, TNFα and IFNγ production by Cytometric Bead Array. No differences in Foxp3 expression (T0=0.06±0.06 vs T12=0.06±0.12, p=0.5), Treg number (T0=5.62±2.84×105 vs T12=4.87±2.62×105; p=0.3) and Teff percentage (T0=16.8±9.56% vs T12=13.1±6.3%; p=0.06) were observed on T12. Low risk MDS patients showed a higher number of Treg (5.2±2.6×105) versus high risk group (2.6±1.2×105, p=0.03). Treg suppression activity was impaired on T0 and T12.Cytokine production and IRF-1 expression were increased on T12. The correlation between IRF-1 and FoxP3 was negative (r2=0.317, p=0.045) on T0. These results suggest a hyper activity of the immune system, probably secondary to Treg suppression activity impairment. This state may induce the loss of tolerance culminating in the proliferation of MDS clones.
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Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are chemical alterations to individual amino acids that alter a protein's conformation, stability, and/or function. Several pathogenic viruses have been shown to encode proteins with PTMs, including human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax and Rex regulatory proteins. HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper protein (HBZ) was hypothesized to feature PTMs due to its functional activities and interactions with cellular transcription factors and acetyltransferases. Here, we describe the approach used to identify, via mass spectrometry, the PTMs of HBZ. In addition, we describe methods to determine the functional relevance of the identified PTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Al-Saleem
- Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Patrick L Green
- Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Compreshensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, 127N Veterinary Medicine Academic Building, 1900 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Mboko WP, Rekow MM, Ledwith MP, Lange PT, Schmitz KE, Anderson S, Tarakanova VL. Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 and Type I Interferon Cooperate To Control Acute Gammaherpesvirus Infection. J Virol 2017; 91:e01444-16. [PMID: 27795415 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.01444-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gammaherpesviruses are ubiquitous pathogens that establish lifelong infection in >95% of adults worldwide and are associated with a variety of malignancies. Coevolution of gammaherpesviruses with their hosts has resulted in an intricate relationship between the virus and the host immune system, and perturbation of the virus-host balance results in pathology. Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) is a tumor suppressor that is also involved in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Here, we show that type I interferon (IFN) and IRF-1 cooperate to control acute gammaherpesvirus infection. Specifically, we demonstrate that a combination of IRF-1 and type I IFN signaling ensures host survival during acute gammaherpesvirus infection and supports IFN gamma-mediated suppression of viral replication. Thus, our studies reveal an intriguing cross talk between IRF-1 and type I and II IFNs in the induction of the antiviral state during acute gammaherpesvirus infection. IMPORTANCE Gammaherpesviruses establish chronic infection in a majority of adults, and this long-term infection is associated with virus-driven development of a range of malignancies. In contrast, a brief period of active gammaherpesvirus replication during acute infection of a naive host is subclinical in most individuals. Here, we discovered that a combination of type I interferon (IFN) signaling and interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) expression is required to ensure survival of a gammaherpesvirus-infected host past the first 8 days of infection. Specifically, both type I IFN receptor and IRF-1 expression potentiated antiviral effects of type II IFN to restrict gammaherpesvirus replication in vivo, in the lungs, and in vitro, in primary macrophage cultures.
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Armstrong MJ, Stang MT, Liu Y, Yan J, Pizzoferrato E, Yim JH. IRF-1 inhibits NF-κB activity, suppresses TRAF2 and cIAP1 and induces breast cancer cell specific growth inhibition. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 16:1029-41. [PMID: 26011589 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1046646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon Regulatory Factor (IRF)-1, originally identified as a transcription factor of the human interferon (IFN)-β gene, mediates tumor suppression and may inhibit oncogenesis. We have shown that IRF-1 in human breast cancer cells results in the down-regulation of survivin, tumor cell death, and the inhibition of tumor growth in vivo in xenogeneic mouse models. In this current report, we initiate studies comparing the effect of IRF-1 in human nonmalignant breast cell and breast cancer cell lines. While IRF-1 in breast cancer cells results in growth inhibition and cell death, profound growth inhibition and cell death are not observed in nonmalignant human breast cells. We show that TNF-α or IFN-γ induces IRF-1 in breast cancer cells and results in enhanced cell death. Abrogation of IRF-1 diminishes TNF-α and IFN-γ-induced apoptosis. We test the hypothesis that IRF-1 augments TNF-α-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Potential signaling networks elicited by IRF-1 are investigated by evaluating the NF-κB pathway. TNF-α and/or IFN-γ results in decreased presence of NF-κB p65 in the nucleus of breast cancer cells. While TNF-α and/or IFN-γ can induce IRF-1 in nonmalignant breast cells, a marked change in NF-κB p65 is not observed. Moreover, the ectopic expression of IRF-1 in breast cancer cells results in caspase-3, -7, -8 cleavage, inhibits NF-κB activity, and suppresses the expression of molecules involved in the NF-κB pathway. These data show that IRF-1 in human breast cancer cells elicits multiple signaling networks including intrinsic and extrinsic cell death and down-regulates molecules involved in the NF-κB pathway.
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Key Words
- Ad, adenovirus
- Cdk, cyclin-dependent kinase
- DISC, death-inducing signaling complex
- DMEM, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium
- DR, death receptor
- EGFP, enhanced green fluorescent protein
- ER, estrogen receptor
- FADD, fas-associated death domain
- FBS, Fetal Bovine Serum
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- FLICE, fas-associated death domain protein interleukin-1 β-converting enzyme
- IAP
- IFN-β, interferon-β
- IFN-γ, interferon-gamma
- IKK, IκB, kinase complex
- IRF-1
- IRF-1, interferon regulatory factor-1
- IκB, Inhibitory kappaB
- MOI, multiplicity of infection
- MTT, methylthiazoltetrazolium
- NEMO, NF-κB essential modulator
- NF-κB
- NF-κB, nuclear factor of kappa Beta
- RIP1, receptor interacting protein 1
- SCID, severe combined immunodeficiency
- STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription
- Smac/DIABLO, Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase/Direct IAP-binding protein with low pI
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- TNFR, tumor necrosis factor receptor
- TRADD, TNF receptor associated protein with a death domain
- TRAF2, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2
- TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
- XIAP, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein
- apoptosis
- breast cancer
- cFLIP, cellular FLICE inhibitory protein
- cIAP1, c-inhibitor of apoptosis
- p53
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
- tumor suppressor
- β-gal, β-galactosidase
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaele J Armstrong
- a Department of Surgery; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine ; Pittsburgh , PA , USA
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Shan S, Qi C, Zhu Y, Li H, An L, Yang G. Expression profile of carp IFN correlate with the up-regulation of interferon regulatory factor-1 ( IRF-1) in vivo and in vitro: the pivotal molecules in antiviral defense. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2016; 52:94-102. [PMID: 26993613 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of transcription factors that mediate the transcriptional regulation of interferon (IFN) genes and IFN-inducible genes. In this study, IRF-1 gene is cloned from the common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., named CcIRF-1. The full-length cDNA of CcIRF-1 is 1427 bp, including an open reading frame of 861 bp encoding a protein of 286 amino acids. The putative CcIRF-1 is characterized by a conserved DNA-binding domain and includes a signature of six conserved tryptophan residues. The genomic sequence of CcIRF-1 is described, which consists of 9 exons and 8 introns. The sequence analysis shows that CcIRF-1 is clustered into IRF-1 subfamily, and has the closest relationship with the zebrafish IRF-1. CcIRF-1 is found constitutively expressed in different organs of healthy common carp. The main findings are that CcIRF-1 is up-regulated following stimulation with poly(I:C) in all tested tissues. Moreover, the downstream gene of IRF-1 - IFN is found to be correlated with the up-regulation of IRF-1 after injection with poly(I:C). Furthermore, we also isolate the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and find that there is a relevance between the expression profile of CcIRF-1 and IFN in poly(I:C) stimulated PBLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijuan Shan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Qi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyao Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Liguo An
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guiwen Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.
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Huang C, Liao G, Han J, Zhang G, Zou B. Edaravone suppresses degradation of type II collagen. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:840-844. [PMID: 27037019 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease affecting millions of people. The degradation and loss of type II collagen induced by proinflammatory cytokines secreted by chondrocytes, such as factor-α (TNF-α) is an important pathological mechanism to the progression of OA. Edaravone is a potent free radical scavenger, which has been clinically used to treat the neuronal damage following acute ischemic stroke. However, whether Edaravone has a protective effect in articular cartilage hasn't been reported before. In this study, we investigated the chondrocyte protective effects of Edaravone on TNF-α induced degradation of type Ⅱ collagen. And our results indicated that TNF-α treatment resulted in degradation of type Ⅱ collagen, which can be ameliorated by treatment with Edaravone in a dose dependent manner. Notably, it was found that the inhibitory effects of Edaravone on TNF-α-induced reduction of type Ⅱ collagen were mediated by MMP-3 and MMP-13. Mechanistically, we found that Edaravone alleviated TNF-α induced activation of STAT1 and expression of IRF-1. These findings suggest a potential protective effect of Edaravone in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yan Tai Shan Hospital, China.
| | - Guangjun Liao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yan Tai Shan Hospital, China
| | - Jian Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yan Tai Shan Hospital, China
| | - Guofeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yan Tai Shan Hospital, China
| | - Benguo Zou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yan Tai Shan Hospital, China
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Wang W, Kang W, Tang Q, Yao G, Chen Y, Cheng B, Kong K. Cilostazol prevents the degradation of collagen type II in human chondrocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 451:352-5. [PMID: 25044117 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The alteration of extracellular matrix (ECM) in cartilage during the pathological development of Osteoarthritis (OA) changes the biomechanical environment of chondrocytes, which further drives the progression of the disease in the presence of inflammation. Healthy cartilage matrix mainly contains collagen type II, which is degraded by matrix metalloproteinase13 (MMP13), an important molecules responsible for joint damage in OA. Cilostazol (6-[4-(1-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)butoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2-(1H)-quinolinone) is a medication approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and used in the alleviation of the symptom of intermittent claudication in individuals with peripheral vascular disease. In this study, we reported that cilostazol is able to suppress the degradation of type II collagen in human chondrocytes induced by IL-1β. Mechanistically, cilostazol treatment leads to inhibiting the expression of IRF-1, thereby prevents the induction of MMP-13. Signal transducers and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) has been reported to play an essential role in regulating the activation of IRF-1. Our results indicated that cilostazol suppresses the activation of STAT1 by mitigating the phosphorylation of STAT1 at Ser727 and tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 at position 701 (Tyr701).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Wang
- Department of Spine and Joint, The 2nd Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Weibiao Kang
- Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, The 2nd Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- Department of Spine and Joint, The 2nd Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Guanfeng Yao
- Department of Spine and Joint, The 2nd Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Yuchun Chen
- Department of Spine and Joint, The 2nd Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Bizhen Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 1st Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Kangmei Kong
- Department of Spine and Joint, The 2nd Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China.
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Bozeman R, Abel EL, Macias E, Cheng T, Beltran L, DiGiovanni J. A novel mechanism of skin tumor promotion involving interferon-gamma (IFNγ)/signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (Stat1) signaling. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54:642-53. [PMID: 24464587 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The current study was designed to explore the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (Stat1) during tumor promotion using the mouse skin multistage carcinogenesis model. Topical treatment with both 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and 3-methyl-1,8-dihydroxy-9-anthrone (chrysarobin or CHRY) led to rapid phosphorylation of Stat1 on both tyrosine (Y701) and serine (S727) residues in epidermis. CHRY treatment also led to upregulation of unphosphorylated Stat1 (uStat1) at later time points. CHRY treatment also led to upregulation of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) mRNA and protein, which was dependent on Stat1. Further analyses demonstrated that topical treatment with CHRY but not TPA upregulated interferon-gamma (IFNγ) mRNA in the epidermis and that the induction of both IRF-1 and uStat1 was dependent on IFNγ signaling. Stat1 deficient (Stat1(-/-) ) mice were highly resistant to skin tumor promotion by CHRY. In contrast, the tumor response (in terms of both papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas) was similar in Stat1(-/-) mice and wild-type littermates with TPA as the promoter. Maximal induction of both cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in epidermis following treatment with CHRY was also dependent on the presence of functional Stat1. These studies define a novel mechanism associated with skin tumor promotion by the anthrone class of tumor promoters involving upregulation of IFNγ signaling in the epidermis and downstream signaling through activated (phosphorylated) Stat1, IRF-1 and uStat1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Bozeman
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Erika L Abel
- Department of Carcinogenesis, Science Park-Research Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas
| | - Everardo Macias
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Tianyi Cheng
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Linda Beltran
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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Mauro JA, Blanck G. Functionally distinct gene classes as bigger or smaller transcription factor traps: a possible stochastic component to sequential gene expression programs in cancer. Gene 2013; 536:398-406. [PMID: 24291030 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In cancer biology, most molecular regulatory mechanisms are casually treated as on/off switches for specific cancer hallmarks, despite the lack of compelling evidence that cancer hallmarks can be exclusively attributed to specific regulatory proteins. To consider a novel paradigm for the basis of regulating a set of effector genes for proliferation, versus apoptosis-effector genes, we used a bioinformatics approach to ascertain differences between the transcription factor binding site occurrences in the two sets of genes. Results indicated that there are more binding sites per gene, for transcription factors that regulate both proliferation and apoptosis, among the proliferation-effector genes than among the apoptosis-effector genes. Proliferation-effector genes also had more open chromatin regions. We also applied this paradigm to the question of why p53 and interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) first activate cell cycle arrest genes followed by apoptosis genes, with results indicating the cycle arrest genes are bigger p53 and IRF-1 traps. These data support the idea that, as a set of transcription factors becomes active, there is a stochastic component leading to the accumulation of these transcription factors on genes that effect an initial phenotype before their accumulation on genes that effect a subsequent phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Mauro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - George Blanck
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States.
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Weng HL, Feng DC, Radaeva S, Kong XN, Wang L, Liu Y, Li Q, Shen H, Gao YP, Müllenbach R, Munker S, Huang T, Chen JL, Zimmer V, Lammert F, Mertens PR, Cai WM, Dooley S, Gao B. IFN-γ inhibits liver progenitor cell proliferation in HBV-infected patients and in 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine diet-fed mice. J Hepatol 2013; 59:738-45. [PMID: 23747755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Proliferation of liver progenitor cells (LPCs) is associated with inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver diseases. However, how inflammation and fibrosis affect LPCs remains obscure. METHODS We examined the role of interferon (IFN)-γ, an important pro-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic cytokine, in LPC expansion in HBV-infected patients and in mice challenged with 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC)- or choline-deficient, ethionine-supplemented (CDE) diet as well as in primary LPCs and LPC cell line. RESULTS The CK19 staining scores correlated with inflammation and fibrosis grades in the livers from 110 HBV-infected patients. Nine-month IFN-γ treatment decreased LPC numbers, inflammation, and fibrosis in these HBV-infected patients. Similarly, a two-week IFN-γ treatment also decreased LPC activation in DDC-treated mice. Disruption of IFN-γ or its signaling components (e.g., IFNGR, STAT1, and IRF-1) increased LPC proliferation and liver fibrosis in DDC-fed mice. In contrast, deletion of IFN-γ did not increase, but rather slightly reduced LPC proliferation in CDE-fed mice. In vitro, IFN-γ attenuated proliferation of the LPC cell line BMOL and of primary LPCs from wild type mice, but not STAT1(-/-) or IRF-1(-/-) mice. Furthermore, co-culture assays suggest that IFN-γ can indirectly promote LPC proliferation via the activation of macrophages but attenuate it via the inhibition of hepatic stellate cells. CONCLUSIONS IFN-γ inhibits LPC expansion via the direct inhibition of LPC proliferation and indirect attenuation of liver fibrosis in the DDC model, but it may also enhance LPC expansion via the promotion of inflammation in the CDE model; thereby playing dual roles in regulating LPC proliferation in vivo.
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Chen FF, Jiang G, Xu K, Zheng JN. Function and mechanism by which interferon regulatory factor-1 inhibits oncogenesis. Oncol Lett 2013; 5:417-23. [PMID: 23420765 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review focuses on recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechnisms by which interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-1 inhibits oncogenesis. IRF-1 is associated with regulation of interferon α and β transcription. In addition, numerous clinical studies have indicated that IRF-1 gene deletion or rearrangement correlates with development of specific forms of human cancer. IRF-1 has been revealed to exhibit marked functional diversity in the regulation of oncogenesis. IRF-1 activates a set of target genes associated with regulation of the cell cycle, apoptosis and the immune response. The role of IRF-1 in the regulation of various types of human tumor has important implications for understanding the susceptibility and progression of cancer. In addition, an improved understanding of the role of IRF-1 in the pathological processes that lead to human malignant diseases may aid development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Upreti M, Koonce NA, Hennings L, Chambers TC, Griffin RJ. Pegylated IFN-α sensitizes melanoma cells to chemotherapy and causes premature senescence in endothelial cells by IRF-1 mediated signaling. Cell Death Dis 2011; 1:e67. [PMID: 21197417 PMCID: PMC3010727 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2010.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pegylated interferon-α2b (pIFN-α) is an integral part of the drug regimen currently employed against melanoma. Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) has an important role in the transcriptional regulation of the IFN response, cell cycle and apoptosis. We have studied pIFN-α-induced responses when combined with the chemotherapy agent, vinblastine (VBL), in tumor and endothelial cell lines and the connection to IRF-1 signaling. Levels of IRF-1/IRF-2 protein expression were found to be decreased in tumor versus normal tissues. pIFN-α induced IRF-1 signaling in human melanoma (M14) and endothelial (EA.hy926) cells and enhanced cell death when combined with VBL. Upon combined IFN-α and VBL treatment, p21 expression, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and activated Bak levels were increased in M14 cells. An increase in p21 and cyclin D1 expression occurred in EA.hy926 cells after 6 h of treatment with pIFN-α, which dissipated by 24 h. This biphasic response, characteristic of cellular senescence, was more pronounced upon combined treatment. Exposure of the EA.hy926 cells to pIFN-α was associated with an enlarged, multinucleated, β-galactosidase-positive senescent phenotype. The overall therapeutic mechanism of IFN-α combined with chemotherapy may be due to both direct tumor cell death via IRF-1 signaling and by premature senescence of endothelial cells and subsequent effects on angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Upreti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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Maratheftis CI, Giannouli S, Spachidou MP, Panayotou G, Voulgarelis M. RNA interference of interferon regulatory factor-1 gene expression in THP-1 cell line leads to Toll-like receptor-4 overexpression/activation as well as up-modulation of annexin-II. Neoplasia 2007; 9:1012-20. [PMID: 18084608 DOI: 10.1593/neo.07640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2007] [Revised: 10/08/2007] [Accepted: 10/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) is a candidate transcription factor for the regulation of the Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) gene. Using a small interfering RNA-based (siRNA) process to silence IRF-1 gene expression in the leukemic monocytic cell line THP-1, we investigated whether such a modulation would alter TLR-4 expression and activation status in these cells. The siIRF-1 cells expressed elevated levels of TLR-4 mRNA and protein compared to controls by 90% and 77%, respectively. ICAM.1 protein expression and apoptosis levels were increased by 8.35- and 4.25-fold, respectively. The siIRF-1 cells overexpressed Bax mRNA compared to controls. Proteomic analysis revealed upmodulation of the Annexin-II protein in siIRF-1 THP-1 cells. Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients with an absence of full-length IRF-1 mRNA also overexpressed Annexin-II. It is plausible that this overexpression may lead to the activation of TLR-4 contributing to the increased apoptosis characterizing MDS.
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