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Doss-Gollin S, Thomas S, Brook B, Abedi K, Lebas C, Auderset F, Lugo-Rodriguez Y, Sanchez-Schmitz G, Dowling DJ, Levy O, van Haren SD. Human in vitro modeling of adjuvant formulations demonstrates enhancement of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigen. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:163. [PMID: 37884538 PMCID: PMC10603059 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00759-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adjuvants can enhance vaccine immunogenicity, but their mechanism of action is often incompletely understood, hampering rapid applicability for pandemic vaccines. Herein, we characterized the cellular and molecular activity of adjuvant formulations available for pre-clinical evaluation, including several developed for global open access. We applied four complementary human in vitro platforms to assess individual and combined adjuvants in unformulated, oil-in-water, and liposomal delivery platforms. Liposomal co-formulation of MPLA and QS-21 was most potent in promoting dendritic cell maturation, selective production of Th1-polarizing cytokines, and activation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in a co-culture assay. Select formulations also significantly enhanced Spike antigen-specific humoral immunity in vivo. This study confirms the utility of the cumulative use of human in vitro tools to predict adjuvanticity potential. Thus, human in vitro modeling may advance public health by accelerating the development of affordable and scalable adjuvants for vaccines tailored to vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Doss-Gollin
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sanya Thomas
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Byron Brook
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kimia Abedi
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Célia Lebas
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Floriane Auderset
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David J Dowling
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ofer Levy
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Simon D van Haren
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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