1
|
Hafeez MB, Ramzan Y, Khan S, Ibrar D, Bashir S, Zahra N, Rashid N, Nadeem M, Rahman SU, Shair H, Ahmad J, Hussain M, Irshad S, Al-Hashimi A, Alfagham A, Diao ZH. Application of Zinc and Iron-Based Fertilizers Improves the Growth Attributes, Productivity, and Grain Quality of Two Wheat ( Triticum aestivum) Cultivars. Front Nutr 2021; 8:779595. [PMID: 34966772 PMCID: PMC8710766 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.779595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Field-based experiments were conducted during wheat cultivation seasons of 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 to minimize the impact of hidden hunger (micronutrient deficiencies) through agronomic biofortification of two wheat cultivars with zinc and iron. Two spring-planted bread wheat cultivars: Zincol-16 (Zn-efficient) and Anaj-17 (Zn-inefficient with high-yield potential) were treated with either zinc (10 kg/ha), iron (12 kg/ha), or their combination to study their effect on some growth attributes (plant height, tillers, and spike length, etc.,), productivity, and quality. No application of zinc and iron or their combinations served as the control. Maximum Zn and Fe contents of grains were improved by sole application of Zn and Fe, respectively. A higher concentration of Ca in grains was observed by the combined application of Zn and Fe. Starch contents were found maximum by sole application of Fe. Sole or combined application of Zn and Fe reduced wet gluten contents. Maximum proteins were recorded in Anaj-17 under control treatments. Zincol-16 produced maximum ionic concentration, starch contents, and wet gluten as compared to Anaj-17. Yield and growth attributes were also significantly (p < 0.05) improved by combined application as compared to the sole application of Zn or Fe. The combined application also produced the highest biological and grain yield with a maximum harvest index. Cultivar Anaj-17 was found more responsive regarding growth and yield attributes comparatively. The findings of the present study showed that the combined application of Zn and Fe produced good quality grains (more Zn, Fe, Ca, starch, and less gluten concentrations) with a maximum productivity of bread wheat cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Hafeez
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Ramzan
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | - Danish Ibrar
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Zahra
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nabila Rashid
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Majid Nadeem
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saleem Ur Rahman
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hira Shair
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Javed Ahmad
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Makhdoom Hussain
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Irshad
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud Alfagham
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeng-Hui Diao
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Prevention and Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ramzan F, Kim HT, Younis A, Ramzan Y, Lim KB. Genetic assessment of the effects of self-fertilization in a Lilium L. hybrids using molecular cytogenetic methods (FISH and ISSR). Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 28:1770-1778. [PMID: 33732061 PMCID: PMC7938132 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-fertilization (also termed selfing) is a mode of reproduction that occurs in hermaphrodites and has evolved several times in various plant and animal species. A transition from outbreeding to selfing in hermaphroditic flowers is typically associated with changes in flower morphology and functionality. This study aimed to identify genetic effects of selfing in the F2 progeny of F1 hybrid developed by crossing Lilium lancifolium with the Asiatic Lilium hybrid ‘Dreamland.’ Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) techniques were used to detect genetic variations in plants produced by selfing. The FISH results showed that F1 hybrid were similar to the female parent (L. lancifolium) regarding the 45S loci, but F2 individuals showed variation in the number and location of the respective loci. In F2 progeny, F2-2, F2-3, F2-4, F2-5, and F2-8 hybrids expressed two strong and one weak 5S signal on chromosome 3, whereas F2-7 and F2-9 individuals expressed one strong and two weak signals. Only two strong 5S signals were detected in an F2-1 plant. The ISSR results showed a maximum similarity value of 0.6269 between the female parent and the F2-2 hybrid. Regarding similarity to the male parent, a maximum value of 0.6119 was found in the F2-1 and F2-2 hybrids. The highest genetic distance from L. lancifolium and the Asiatic Lilium hybrid ‘Dreamland’ was observed in the F2-4 progeny (0.6352 and 0.7547, respectively). Phylogenetic relationships showed that the F2 progeny were closer to the male parent than to the female parent. Self-fertilization showed effects on variation among the F2 progeny, and effects on the genome were confirmed using FISH and ISSR analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Ramzan
- Deptartment of Horticulture, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Hyoung Tae Kim
- Deptartment of Horticulture, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Adnan Younis
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Ramzan
- Wheat Research Institute, AARI, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ki-Byung Lim
- Deptartment of Horticulture, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Younis A, Ramzan F, Ramzan Y, Zulfiqar F, Ahsan M, Lim KB. Molecular Markers Improve Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops: A Review. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9101374. [PMID: 33076554 PMCID: PMC7602808 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Plants endure many abiotic stresses, such as temperature (heat or frost), drought, and salt. Such factors are primary and frequent stressors that reduce agriculture crop yields. Often alterations in nutrient management and constituents, along with variations in biosynthetic capacity, ultimately reduce or halt plant growth. Genetically, stress is an environmental condition that interferes with complete genetic expression. A vast range of molecular genomic markers is available for the analysis of agricultural crops. These markers are classified into various groups based on how the markers are used: RAPD (Random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers serve to identify and screen hybrids based on salinity and drought stress tolerance, while simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are excellent for the assessment of stress tolerance. Such markers also play an important role in the QTL (Quantitative trait loci) mapping of stress-related genes. Dehydrins for drought and saltol for salinity stresses are primitive genes which regulate responses to these conditions. Further, a focus on traits using single-gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers supports genetic mapping and the sequencing of stress-related traits in inbred lines. DNA markers facilitate marker-assisted breeding to enhance abiotic stress tolerance using advanced techniques and marker modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Younis
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (A.Y.); (F.Z.)
| | - Fahad Ramzan
- Department of Horticulture, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Yasir Ramzan
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad 38850, Pakistan;
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (A.Y.); (F.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Ahsan
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Ki Byung Lim
- Department of Horticulture, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|