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Lee S, Choi YS, Do SH, Lee W, Lee CH, Lee M, Vojta M, Wang CN, Luetkens H, Guguchia Z, Choi KY. Kondo screening in a Majorana metal. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7405. [PMID: 37974022 PMCID: PMC10654600 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43185-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Kondo impurities provide a nontrivial probe to unravel the character of the excitations of a quantum spin liquid. In the S = 1/2 Kitaev model on the honeycomb lattice, Kondo impurities embedded in the spin-liquid host can be screened by itinerant Majorana fermions via gauge-flux binding. Here, we report experimental signatures of metallic-like Kondo screening at intermediate temperatures in the Kitaev honeycomb material α-RuCl3 with dilute Cr3+ (S = 3/2) impurities. The static magnetic susceptibility, the muon Knight shift, and the muon spin-relaxation rate all feature logarithmic divergences, a hallmark of a metallic Kondo effect. Concurrently, the linear coefficient of the magnetic specific heat is large in the same temperature regime, indicating the presence of a host Majorana metal. This observation opens new avenues for exploring uncharted Kondo physics in insulating quantum magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lee
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Do
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - W Lee
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Rare Isotope Science Project, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34000, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - M Lee
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - M Vojta
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - C N Wang
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, 5232, Switzerland
| | - H Luetkens
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Z Guguchia
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, 5232, Switzerland
| | - K-Y Choi
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Song J, Park J, Lee J, Lee YJ, Cho W, Min C, Kim MS, Rahmati M, Choi YS, Yon DK, Yeo SG. National prevalence and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy during the initial phase pandemic. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:8280-8290. [PMID: 37750655 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although previous studies have explored the causes of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy during the pandemic, there is a lack of generality and reproducibility in these studies. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively identify the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy through a representative nationwide cross-sectional study conducted in South Korea. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We used a nationwide, representative, and large-scale dataset from the 2021 Community Health Survey. By analyzing 193,495 participants, we investigated the nationwide incidence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and the various causes thereof. RESULTS The national prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was 5.7% (95% CI, 5.5-5.8). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was associated with an increased incidence of the following factors: (1) demographic factors including early-middle adulthood [vs. late; odds ratio (OR), 1.51; 95% CI, 1.38-1.65] and male sex (vs. female sex; OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-1.14); (2) physically healthy subjects; (3) lower socio-economic status (vs. high household income; OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.19-1.38); (4) having mental illness (vs. normal mental status; OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.13-1.38); and (5) unhealthy habits such as current smoking (vs. non-smoking; OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.13-1.31); and insufficient physical activity (vs. sufficient; OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-1.17). Common reasons for vaccine hesitancy were concerns about side effects (41.34%), health problems (24.60%), and inability to select the type of vaccine (14.13%). CONCLUSIONS This representative large-scale nationwide study conducted in South Korea investigated the nationwide prevalence and determinants of vaccine hesitancy. Our results provide useful public health information, especially on novel aspects of vaccination strategies, for policymakers to improve the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Song
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Clifton DR, Nelson DA, Choi YS, Edgeworth DB, Nelson KJ, Shell D, Deuster PA. Risk factors for musculoskeletal-related occupational disability among US Army soldiers. BMJ Mil Health 2023; 169:327-334. [PMID: 34373349 DOI: 10.1136/bmjmilitary-2021-001900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Minimising temporary and permanent disability associated with musculoskeletal conditions (MSK-D) is critical to the mission of the US Army. Prior research has identified potentially actionable risk factors for overall military disability and its MSK-D subset, including elevated body mass index, tobacco use and physical fitness. However, prior work does not appear to have addressed the impact of these factors on MSK-D when controlling for a full range of factors that may affect health behaviours, including aptitude scores that may serve as a proxy for health literacy. Identifying risk factors for MSK-D when providing control for all such factors may inform efforts to improve military readiness. METHODS We studied 494 757 enlisted Army soldiers from 2014 to 2017 using a combined medical and administrative database. Leveraging data from the Army's digital 'eProfile' system of duty restriction records, we defined MSK-D as the first restriction associated with musculoskeletal conditions and resulting in the inability to deploy or train. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the associations between incident MSK-D and selected risk factors including aptitude scores, physical fitness test scores, body mass index and tobacco use. RESULTS Among the subjects, 281 278 (45.14%) experienced MSK-D. In the MSK-D hazards model, the highest effect size was for failing the physical fitness test (adjusted HR=1.63, 95% CI 1.58 to 1.67, p<0.001) compared with scoring ≥290 points. CONCLUSIONS The analysis revealed the strongest associations between physical fitness and MSK-D. Additional efforts are warranted to determine potential mechanisms for the observed associations between selected factors and MSK-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Clifton
- Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, USA
| | - D A Nelson
- Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, USA
| | - Y S Choi
- Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, USA
| | - D B Edgeworth
- Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, USA
| | - K J Nelson
- Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, USA
| | - D Shell
- Health Services Policy and Oversight, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - P A Deuster
- Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Ban CY, Shin H, Eum S, Yon H, Lee SW, Choi YS, Shin YH, Shin JU, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Smith L, Min C, Yeniova AÖ, Kim SY, Lee J, Yeo SG, Kwon R, Koo MJ, Fond G, Boyer L, Acharya KP, Kim S, Woo HG, Park S, Shin JI, Rhee SY, Yon DK. 17-year trends of body mass index, overweight, and obesity among adolescents from 2005 to 2021, including the COVID-19 pandemic: a Korean national representative study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:1565-1575. [PMID: 36876712 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202302_31399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a lack of pediatric studies that have analyzed trends in mean body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of obesity and overweight over a period that includes the mid-stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, we aimed to investigate trends in BMI, overweight, and obesity among Korean adolescents from 2005 to 2021, including the COVID-19 pandemic. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We used data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS), which is nationally representative of South Korea. The study included middle- and high-school students between the ages of 12 and 18. We examined trends in mean BMI and prevalence of obesity and/or overweight during the COVID-19 pandemic and compared these to those of pre-pandemic trends in each subgroup by gender, grade, and residential region. RESULTS Data from 1,111,300 adolescents (mean age: 15.04 years) were analyzed. The estimated weighted mean BMI was 20.48 kg/m2 (95% CI, 20.46-20.51) between 2005 and 2007, and this was 21.61 kg/m2 (95% CI, 21.54-21.68) in 2021. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 13.1% (95% CI, 12.9-13.3%) between 2005 and 2007 and 23.4% (95% CI, 22.8-24.0%) in 2021. The mean BMI and prevalence of obesity and overweight have gradually increased over the past 17 years; however, the extent of change in mean BMI and in the prevalence of obesity and overweight during the pandemic was distinctly less than before. The 17-year trends in the mean BMI, obesity, and overweight exhibited a considerable rise from 2005 to 2021; however, the slope during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) was significantly less prominent than in the pre-pandemic (2005-2019). CONCLUSIONS These findings enable us to comprehend long-term trends in the mean BMI of Korean adolescents and further emphasize the need for practical prevention measures against youth obesity and overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Ban
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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5
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Jeon H, Choi YS, Lim Y. A web-based care assistant for caregivers of the elderly: Development and pilot study. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231200976. [PMID: 37706021 PMCID: PMC10496464 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231200976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aging population in Korea has driven a surge in demand for elderly care services, leading to significant growth in elderly welfare facilities, particularly Adult Daycare Centers (ADCs). However, despite advancements in care facilities, caregivers continue to face challenges in providing suitable elderly care due to difficulties arising from gaps in the latest information on the elderly and their coping abilities. Objective The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the elderly care assistant system, which facilitates the sharing of information and knowledge necessary for elderly care among caregivers. Methods The ECA system was designed to support knowledge sharing through a knowledge management system based on an ontological knowledge model, with a web-based user interface for improved accessibility. A field trial was conducted at ADC in Seoul from August 17 to September 21, with eight caregivers participating. A mixed-methods approach, involving both surveys and interviews, was employed to gauge the ECA system's effectiveness. Results The study found that the use of the ECA was beneficial in promoting knowledge sharing among caregivers. Additionally, caregivers noted the potential benefits of using the ECA in conjunction with family caregivers, who can offer additional information and perspectives on elderly care. Conclusions This study presents preliminary evidence of the potential benefits of a care knowledge sharing system among various caregivers in elderly care. Although the elderly care assistant effectively promotes knowledge sharing, more research is needed to fully understand its impact on elderly care outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwawoo Jeon
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University - Seoul Campus, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Suk Choi
- Division of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University - Seoul Campus, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoonseob Lim
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim JY, Suk Choi Y, Bae SE, Park TH, Kim TH. Microsecond-scale staircase voltammetry for measuring the electrical conductivity of highly conductive liquids. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Girka OI, Lee KI, Choi YS, Jang SO. Ion beam figuring with focused anode layer thruster. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:063304. [PMID: 35778031 DOI: 10.1063/5.0071800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the peculiarities of cone ion beam formation with a focused thruster with anode layer (TAL) and its application to silicon carbide (SiC) ion beam figuring. Modeling results of Lorentz E × B force distribution in the discharge gap are presented. 3D particle tracing for keV Ar ions is carried out for the first time in the beam drift region of TAL with magnetic lens. Extracted ion beam full width at half maxima is about 2 mm in the focal plane, where the SiC etching rate reaches 0.5 µm/min. The SiC sputter yields are measured as a function of the Ar ion impact energy and beam incidence angle. The maximum sputter yield of 2.8 atom/ion is observed at 45° of the beam-sample angle for the Si targets. Furthermore, the maximum sputter yield value of 1.7 atom/ion is measured at 30° of the beam-sample angle for the SiC targets. The novelty of present research is in the application of focused TAL keV Ar ion beam to the SiC ion beam figuring.
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Affiliation(s)
- O I Girka
- Institute of Plasma Technologies, Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 37 Dongjangsan-ro, 54004 Gunsan-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - K I Lee
- Institute of Plasma Technologies, Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 37 Dongjangsan-ro, 54004 Gunsan-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Institute of Plasma Technologies, Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 37 Dongjangsan-ro, 54004 Gunsan-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - S O Jang
- Institute of Plasma Technologies, Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 37 Dongjangsan-ro, 54004 Gunsan-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Kim YD, Choi YS, Na HG, Song SY, Bae CH. [MUC4 Silencing Inhibits TGF-β1-induced Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition VIA the ERK1/2 Pathway in Human Airway Epithelial NCI-H292 Cells]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2021; 55:617-625. [PMID: 34432779 DOI: 10.31857/s0026898421040078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
MUC4 is a predominant membrane-tethered mucin lubricating and protecting the epithelial surface and playing various biological roles in the renewal and differentiation of epithelial cells, cell signaling, cell adhesion, and carcinogenesis. Interestingly, recent studies have demonstrated that MUC4 expression regulates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells in ovarian, pancreatic, and lung cancer. However, the effects of MUC4 expression on EMT in human airway epithelial cells are not yet well known. Here, we describe the effects of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced MUC4 expression on EMT and evaluate its downstream signaling pathway in human airway epithelial cells. In human airway epithelial NCI-H292 cells, exposure to TGF-β1 induced expression of MUC4, CDH2, VIM and SNAI1 genes and encoded by them proteins, MUC4, N-cadherin, vimentin and Snail, and reduced the level of CDH1 and its product, E-cadherin. In MUC4-knockdown cells, TGF-β1-induced expression levels of MUC4, CDH2, VIM and SNAI1 and corresponding proteins were suppressed, but CDH1 and E-cadherin levels were not. In addition, TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) was suppressed, but that of Smad2/3, Akt, and p38 was not. The results of this study suggest that MUC4 silencing inhibits TGF-β1 -induced EMT via the ERK1/2 pathway, and a possible role of MUC4 in the induction of EMT in human airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-D Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415 Republic of Korea.,Regional Center for Respiratory Diseases, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, 42415 Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415 Republic of Korea
| | - H G Na
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415 Republic of Korea
| | - S-Y Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415 Republic of Korea
| | - C H Bae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415 Republic of Korea.,
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Kim G, Jeon H, Park SK, Choi YS, Lim Y. A Care Knowledge Management System Based on an Ontological Model of Caring for People With Dementia: Knowledge Representation and Development Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25968. [PMID: 34100762 PMCID: PMC8262671 DOI: 10.2196/25968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers of people with dementia find it extremely difficult to choose the best care method because of complex environments and the variable symptoms of dementia. To alleviate this care burden, interventions have been proposed that use computer- or web-based applications. For example, an automatic diagnosis of the condition can improve the well-being of both the person with dementia and the caregiver. Other interventions support the individual with dementia in living independently. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop an ontology-based care knowledge management system for people with dementia that will provide caregivers with a care guide suited to the environment and to the individual patient's symptoms. This should also enable knowledge sharing among caregivers. METHODS To build the care knowledge model, we reviewed existing ontologies that contain concepts and knowledge descriptions relating to the care of those with dementia, and we considered dementia care manuals. The basic concepts of the care ontology were confirmed by experts in Korea. To infer the different care methods required for the individual dementia patient, the reasoning rules as defined in Semantic Web Rule Languages and Prolog were utilized. The accuracy of the care knowledge in the ontological model and the usability of the proposed system were evaluated by using the Pellet reasoner and OntOlogy Pitfall Scanner!, and a survey and interviews were conducted with caregivers working in care centers in Korea. RESULTS The care knowledge model contains six top-level concepts: care knowledge, task, assessment, person, environment, and medical knowledge. Based on this ontological model of dementia care, caregivers at a dementia care facility in Korea were able to access the care knowledge easily through a graphical user interface. The evaluation by the care experts showed that the system contained accurate care knowledge and a level of assessment comparable to normal assessment tools. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we developed a care knowledge system that can provide caregivers with care guides suited to individuals with dementia. We anticipate that the system could reduce the workload of caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyungha Kim
- The Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Carbon & Light Materials Application Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwawoo Jeon
- The Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kee Park
- The Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Suk Choi
- Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseob Lim
- The Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park J, Choi YS, Kim J, Lee J, Kim TJ, Youn YS, Lim SH, Kim JY. Calibration-free real-time organic film thickness monitoring technique by reflected X-Ray fluorescence and compton scattering measurement. Nuclear Engineering and Technology 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ahn D, Lee GJ, Choi YS, Park JW, Kim JK, Kim EJ, Lee YH. Timing and clinical outcomes of tracheostomy in patients with COVID-19. Br J Surg 2021; 108:e27-e28. [PMID: 33640938 PMCID: PMC7799185 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znaa064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this retrospective multicentre cohort study that included 27 COVID-19 patients who underwent tracheostomy, the mean time between intubation and tracheostomy was 15.8 days and the negative conversion time of COVID-19 was 43.1 days. Eleven patients (40.7%) died of COVID-19 and the use of percutaneous dilatation tracheostomy was significantly associated with in-hospital death. Timely tracheostomy could be performed in COVID-19 patients, regardless of duration of intubation or positivity of COVID-19 test, with an open surgical tracheostomy as a preferable technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ahn
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - G J Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - J W Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - E J Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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12
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Kim YD, Choi YS, Na HG, Song SY, Bae CH. Ginsenoside Rb1 attenuates LPS-induced MUC5AC expression via the TLR4-mediated ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathway in human airway epithelial NCI-H292 cells. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:613-618. [PMID: 32512990 DOI: 10.23812/19-420-l-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y D Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Regional Center for Respiratory Diseases, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - H G Na
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Bae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a care guide system for caregivers of People with Dementia (PwD) at home or care facility. The system is composed of context data manager, ontological model of caring PwD, and reasoning system that adaptively generates care guides in various circumstances. Caregivers can utilize the proposed system by managing care knowledge through graphical user interface or inquire a care guide through smartphone application for text-based chatting. Knowledge models implemented in the proposed system were evaluated by the experts in caring people with dementia.
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Kwak S, Choi YS, Na HG, Bae CH, Song SY, Kim YD. Fipronil upregulates inflammatory cytokines and MUC5AC expression in human nasal epithelial cells. Rhinology 2020; 58:66-73. [PMID: 31680128 DOI: 10.4193/rhin19.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway inflammation and excessive mucin production are pathophysiological characteristics of airway diseases. Fipronil, a pesticide, is being extensively used in agriculture and veterinary medicine worldwide. However, this compound impairs immune function in non-target organisms. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of fipronil on pro-inflammatory cytokine and mucus production and signalling pathways in human primary nasal METHODOLOGY: The effect of fipronil on pro-inflammatory cytokine and MUC5AC expression and the signalling pathway of fipronil were investigated using real-time PCR, enzyme immunoassays, immunofluorescence, and immunoblot analysis with specific inhibitors and small interfering RNA. RESULTS Fipronil treatment increased pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and MUC5AC expression in human primary nasal epithelial cells. It also induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK), p38 MAPK, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB). MAPK and NF-kB inhibitor treatment significantly inhibited increases in IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and MUC5AC expression. Ex vivo data confirmed that fipronil-induced MUC5AC expression occurs through ERK1/2, p38, and NF-kB signalling pathways in nasal inferior turbinate tissue. CONCLUSIONS Fipronil induced pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and MUC5AC expression via ERK1/2 MAPK, p38 MAPK, and NF-kB in human primary nasal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kwak
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Graduate School of Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - H G Na
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Bae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S-Y Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-D Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Regional Center for Respiratory Diseases, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Kim KS, Choi YS. An efficient variable interdependency-identification and decomposition by minimizing redundant computations for large-scale global optimization. Inf Sci (N Y) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2019.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Do SH, Lee CH, Kihara T, Choi YS, Yoon S, Kim K, Cheong H, Chen WT, Chou F, Nojiri H, Choi KY. Randomly Hopping Majorana Fermions in the Diluted Kitaev System α-Ru_{0.8}Ir_{0.2}Cl_{3}. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:047204. [PMID: 32058744 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.047204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
dc and ac magnetic susceptibility, magnetization, specific heat, and Raman scattering measurements are combined to probe low-lying spin excitations in α-Ru_{1-x}Ir_{x}Cl_{3} (x≈0.2), which realizes a disordered spin liquid. At intermediate energies (ℏω>3 meV), Raman spectroscopy evidences linearly ω-dependent Majorana-like excitations, obeying Fermi statistics. This points to robustness of a Kitaev paramagnetic state under spin vacancies. At low energies below 3 meV, we observe power-law dependences and quantum-critical-like scalings of the thermodynamic quantities, implying the presence of a weakly divergent low-energy density of states. This scaling phenomenology is interpreted in terms of the random hoppings of Majorana fermions. Our results demonstrate an emergent hierarchy of spin excitations in a diluted Kitaev honeycomb system subject to spin vacancies and bond randomness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hwan Do
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - T Kihara
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwon Yoon
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangwon Kim
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonsik Cheong
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei-Tin Chen
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Fangcheng Chou
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
- Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline Materials, Ministry of Science and Technology, Taipei 10622, Taiwan
| | - H Nojiri
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kwang-Yong Choi
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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Kim DH, Kim JH, Oh YW, Seo BH, Suh HS, Choi YS. Scleredema adultorum of Buschke treated by extracorporeal shock wave therapy. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 34:e133-e135. [PMID: 31733081 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D H Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Y W Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - B H Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - H S Suh
- Department of Dermatology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
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18
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Choi YS, Lee CH, Lee S, Yoon S, Lee WJ, Park J, Ali A, Singh Y, Orain JC, Kim G, Rhyee JS, Chen WT, Chou F, Choi KY. Exotic Low-Energy Excitations Emergent in the Random Kitaev Magnet Cu_{2}IrO_{3}. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:167202. [PMID: 31075021 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.167202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report on magnetization M(H), dc and ac magnetic susceptibility χ(T), specific heat C_{m}(T) and muon spin relaxation (μSR) measurements of the Kitaev honeycomb iridate Cu_{2}IrO_{3} with quenched disorder. In spite of the chemical disorders, we find no indication of spin glass down to 260 mK from the C_{m}(T) and μSR data. Furthermore, a persistent spin dynamics observed by the zero-field muon spin relaxation evidences an absence of static magnetism. The remarkable observation is a scaling relation of χ[H,T] and M[H,T] in H/T with the scaling exponent α=0.26-0.28, expected from bond randomness. However, C_{m}[H,T]/T disobeys the predicted universal scaling law, pointing towards the presence of additional low-lying excitations on the background of bond-disordered spin liquid. Our results signify a many-faceted impact of quenched disorder in a Kitaev spin system due to its peculiar bond character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Choi
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwon Yoon
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - W-J Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - J Park
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Anzar Ali
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Jean-Christophe Orain
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Gareoung Kim
- Department of Applied Physics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Rhyee
- Department of Applied Physics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei-Tin Chen
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Fangcheng Chou
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
- Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline Materials, Ministry of Science and Technology, Taipei 10622, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yong Choi
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Background Among active-duty military personnel, lower limb musculoskeletal injuries and related conditions (injuries) frequently arise as unintended consequences of physical training. These injuries are particularly common among women. The practical impact of such injuries on temporary military occupational disability has not been estimated with precision on a large scale. Aims To determine the proportion of service time compromised by limited duty days attributable to lower limb injuries, characterize the time affected by these limitations in terms of specific lower limb region and compare the limited duty time between male and female soldiers. Methods Administrative data and individual limited duty assignments (profiles) were obtained for active-duty US Army personnel who served in 2014. Lower limb injury-related profiles were used to calculate the percent of person-time requiring duty limitations by gender and body region. Results The study group was 568 753 soldiers of whom 14% were women. Nearly 13% of service days for active-duty US Army soldiers required limited duty for lower limb injuries during 2014. Knee injuries were responsible for 45% of those days. Within integrated military occupations, female soldiers experienced 27-57% more time on limited duty for lower limb injuries compared with men. Conclusions The substantial amount of limited duty for lower limb musculoskeletal injuries among soldiers highlights the need for improvement in training-related injury screening, prevention and timely treatment with particular attention to knee injuries. The excessive impact of lower limb injuries on female soldiers' occupational functions should be a surveillance priority in the current environment of expanding gender-integrated training.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Holsteen
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Y S Choi
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Womack Army Medical Center, USA
| | - S A Bedno
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Womack Army Medical Center, USA
| | - D A Nelson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Medical School Office Building (MSOB), USA
| | - L M Kurina
- Department of Medicine, Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Medical School Office Building (MSOB), USA
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Kim MJ, Shin JY, Oh JA, Jeong KE, Choi YS, Park Q, Song MS, Lee DH. Identification of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis A through postdonation information in Korea: results of an HAV lookback (2007-2012). Vox Sang 2018; 113:547-554. [PMID: 30003551 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Despite safety measures to minimize the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections, a residual risk remains. To trace and review some such cases, we ask donors to notify the blood centre if they are diagnosed with an infection after they donate blood. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed all data on postdonation cases of hepatitis A reported between 2007 and 2012. Archived specimens from these donors were tested for hepatitis A virus (HAV) using anti-HAV IgM/IgG and HAV-PCR as markers. If any of the test results were positive, we reviewed the medical records of the recipients and, if necessary, tested them for hepatitis A. RESULTS Fifteen blood donors notified the blood centres of having been diagnosed with hepatitis A after donation. All archived samples except for one were HAV-PCR-positive and anti-HAV IgM/IgG-negative. Of the donated components, four RBCs and 14 FFPs had not been transfused to patients and were recalled. Among 26 recipients of the implicated components, fourteen were still alive when they were notified. Two patients showed clinical symptoms of hepatitis A and had positive results with anti-HAV IgM. CONCLUSION Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis A is rare but exists. To reduce the risk, donors should be told to notify the blood centre if they are diagnosed with blood-borne diseases after they donate blood. Physicians should consider the possibility of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis A if a transfused patient has hepatitis A but no history of travel or route of faecal-oral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - J Y Shin
- Division of Human Blood Safety Surveillance, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea
| | - J A Oh
- Division of Human Blood Safety Surveillance, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea
| | - K E Jeong
- Division of Human Blood Safety Surveillance, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Division of Human Blood Safety Surveillance, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea
| | - Q Park
- Armed Forces Medical Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - M S Song
- Department of Nursing, Konyang University College of Nursing, Daejeon, Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease Surveillance, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea
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21
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Park YW, Han K, Ahn SS, Choi YS, Chang JH, Kim SH, Kang SG, Kim EH, Lee SK. Whole-Tumor Histogram and Texture Analyses of DTI for Evaluation of IDH1-Mutation and 1p/19q-Codeletion Status in World Health Organization Grade II Gliomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018. [PMID: 29519794 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Prediction of the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1)-mutation and 1p/19q-codeletion status of World Health Organization grade ll gliomas preoperatively may assist in predicting prognosis and planning treatment strategies. Our aim was to characterize the histogram and texture analyses of apparent diffusion coefficient and fractional anisotropy maps to determine IDH1-mutation and 1p/19q-codeletion status in World Health Organization grade II gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-three patients with World Health Organization grade II gliomas with known IDH1-mutation and 1p/19q-codeletion status (18 IDH1 wild-type, 45 IDH1 mutant and no 1p/19q codeletion, 30 IDH1-mutant and 1p/19q codeleted tumors) underwent DTI. ROIs were drawn on every section of the T2-weighted images and transferred to the ADC and the fractional anisotropy maps to derive volume-based data of the entire tumor. Histogram and texture analyses were correlated with the IDH1-mutation and 1p/19q-codeletion status. The predictive powers of imaging features for IDH1 wild-type tumors and 1p/19q-codeletion status in IDH1-mutant subgroups were evaluated using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. RESULTS Various histogram and texture parameters differed significantly according to IDH1-mutation and 1p/19q-codeletion status. The skewness and energy of ADC, 10th and 25th percentiles, and correlation of fractional anisotropy were independent predictors of an IDH1 wild-type in the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. The area under the receiver operating curve for the prediction model was 0.853. The skewness and cluster shade of ADC, energy, and correlation of fractional anisotropy were independent predictors of a 1p/19q codeletion in IDH1-mutant tumors in the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. The area under the receiver operating curve was 0.807. CONCLUSIONS Whole-tumor histogram and texture features of the ADC and fractional anisotropy maps are useful for predicting the IDH1-mutation and 1p/19q-codeletion status in World Health Organization grade II gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Park
- From the Department of Radiology (Y.W.P.), Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.W.P., K.H., S.S.A., Y.S.C., S.-K.L.)
| | - K Han
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.W.P., K.H., S.S.A., Y.S.C., S.-K.L.)
| | - S S Ahn
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.W.P., K.H., S.S.A., Y.S.C., S.-K.L.)
| | - Y S Choi
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.W.P., K.H., S.S.A., Y.S.C., S.-K.L.)
| | - J H Chang
- Neurosurgery (J.H.C., S.-G.K., E.H.K.)
| | - S H Kim
- Pathology (S.H.K.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-G Kang
- Neurosurgery (J.H.C., S.-G.K., E.H.K.)
| | - E H Kim
- Neurosurgery (J.H.C., S.-G.K., E.H.K.)
| | - S-K Lee
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.W.P., K.H., S.S.A., Y.S.C., S.-K.L.)
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Park YW, Han K, Ahn SS, Bae S, Choi YS, Chang JH, Kim SH, Kang SG, Lee SK. Prediction of IDH1-Mutation and 1p/19q-Codeletion Status Using Preoperative MR Imaging Phenotypes in Lower Grade Gliomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:37-42. [PMID: 29122763 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE WHO grade II gliomas are divided into three classes: isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype, IDH-mutant and no 1p/19q codeletion, and IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted. Different molecular subtypes have been reported to have prognostic differences and different chemosensitivity. Our aim was to evaluate the predictive value of imaging phenotypes assessed with the Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images lexicon for molecular classification of lower grade gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS MR imaging scans of 175 patients with lower grade gliomas with known IDH1 mutation and 1p/19q-codeletion status were included (78 grade II and 97 grade III) in the discovery set. MR imaging features were reviewed by using Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images (VASARI); their associations with molecular markers were assessed. The predictive power of imaging features for IDH1-wild type tumors was evaluated using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator. We tested the model in a validation set (40 subjects). RESULTS Various imaging features were significantly different according to IDH1 mutation. Nonlobar location, larger proportion of enhancing tumors, multifocal/multicentric distribution, and poor definition of nonenhancing margins were independent predictors of an IDH1 wild type according to the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator. The areas under the curve for the prediction model were 0.859 and 0.778 in the discovery and validation sets, respectively. The IDH1-mutant, 1p/19q-codeleted group frequently had mixed/restricted diffusion characteristics and showed more pial invasion compared with the IDH1-mutant, no codeletion group. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative MR imaging phenotypes are different according to the molecular markers of lower grade gliomas, and they may be helpful in predicting the IDH1-mutation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Park
- From the Department of Radiology (Y.W.P.), Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.W.P., K.H., S.-K.L., S.B., Y.S.C., S.S.A.)
| | - K Han
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.W.P., K.H., S.-K.L., S.B., Y.S.C., S.S.A.)
| | - S S Ahn
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.W.P., K.H., S.-K.L., S.B., Y.S.C., S.S.A.)
| | - S Bae
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.W.P., K.H., S.-K.L., S.B., Y.S.C., S.S.A.)
| | - Y S Choi
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.W.P., K.H., S.-K.L., S.B., Y.S.C., S.S.A.)
| | | | - S H Kim
- Pathology (S.H.K.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - S-K Lee
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.W.P., K.H., S.-K.L., S.B., Y.S.C., S.S.A.)
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Hong TH, Cho JH, Shin SM, Kim HK, Choi YS, Zo JI, Shim YM, Kim J. F-063EXTENDED SLEEVE LOBECTOMY FOR CENTRALLY LOCATED NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER: A 20-YEAR SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx280.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Shin S, Choi YS, Cho JH, Kim HK, Kim J, Zo JI, Shim YM. F-072PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF PATHOLOGIC MICROSCOPIC LYMPHOVASCULAR INVASION IN COMPLETELY RESECTED EARLY STAGE NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER: IMPLICATION TO THE T DESCRIPTOR. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx280.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pyeon HI, Bak J, Seok JI, Choi YS. Therapeutic application of wet-ground bee pollen in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- HI Pyeon
- Catholic University Of Daegu, Gyeongsangbukdo, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - J Bak
- Catholic University Of Daegu, Gyeongsangbukdo, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - JI Seok
- Catholic University Of Daegu, Gyeongsangbukdo, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - YS Choi
- Catholic University Of Daegu, Gyeongsangbukdo, Korea, Republic of (South)
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Kim SH, Shin SM, Choi YS, Ko CC, Kim SS, Park SB, Son WS, Kim YI. Morphometric analysis of the maxillary root apex positions according to crowding severity. Orthod Craniofac Res 2017; 20:202-208. [PMID: 28857415 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine differences in arch forms derived from the root apices locations between individuals with <2 mm maxillary crowding and controls. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION The Department of Orthodontics, Pusan National University. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 102 patients in the control group and 95 patients in the crowding group. MATERIALS AND METHODS X, Y and Z coordinates of the tip of the crowns and the apex of the root of the maxillary teeth (except second molars) were determined on the CBCT images. The acquired three-dimensional (3D) coordinates were converted into two-dimensional (2D) coordinates via projection on the palatal plane, and the Procrustes analysis was employed to process the converted 2D coordinates. The mean shape of the arch form derived from the location of the tip of the crowns and the apex of the root was compared between groups using the statistical shape analysis. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference (P = .046) between the groups for the mean shape of the root apex arch form, but the difference was small and clinically irrelevant as it is minor compared to the degree of crowding. CONCLUSIONS Maxillary arch from at the level of the maxillary apices only shows minor differences between crowded and non-crowded dentitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - S M Shin
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - C C Ko
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - S S Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - S B Park
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - W S Son
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Y-I Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea.,Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
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Choi YS, Ahn SS, Lee HJ, Chang JH, Kang SG, Kim EH, Kim SH, Lee SK. The Initial Area Under the Curve Derived from Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI Improves Prognosis Prediction in Glioblastoma with Unmethylated MGMT Promoter. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017. [PMID: 28642265 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although perfusion and permeability MR parameters have known to have prognostic value, they have reproducibility issues. Our aim was to evaluate whether the initial area under the time-to-signal intensity curve (IAUC) derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging can improve prognosis prediction in patients with glioblastoma with known MGMT status. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively examined 88 patients with glioblastoma who underwent preoperative dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging. The means of IAUC values at 30 and 60 seconds (IAUC30mean and IAUC60mean) were extracted from enhancing tumors. The prognostic values of IAUC parameters for overall survival and progression-free survival were assessed with log-rank tests, according to the MGMT status. Multivariate overall survival and progression-free survival models before and after adding the IAUC parameters as covariates were explored by net reclassification improvement after receiver operating characteristic analysis for 1.5-year overall survival and 1-year progression-free survival and by random survival forest. RESULTS High IAUC parameters were associated with worse overall survival and progression-free survival in the unmethylated MGMT group, but not in the methylated group. In the unmethylated MGMT group, 1.5-year overall survival and 1-year progression-free survival prediction improved significantly after adding IAUC parameters (overall survival area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.86; progression-free survival area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.74-0.76) to the model with other prognostic factors (overall survival area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.81; progression-free survival area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.69; P < .05 for all) except in the case of IAUC60mean for 1-year progression-free survival prediction (P = .059). Random survival forest models indicated that the IAUC parameters were the second or most important predictors in the unmethylated MGMT group, except in the case of the IAUC60mean for progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS IAUC can be a useful prognostic imaging biomarker in patients with glioblastoma with known MGMT status, improving prediction of glioblastoma prognosis with the unmethylated MGMT promoter status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Choi
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.S.C., S.S.A., H.-J.L., S.-K.L.)
| | - S S Ahn
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.S.C., S.S.A., H.-J.L., S.-K.L.)
| | - H-J Lee
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.S.C., S.S.A., H.-J.L., S.-K.L.)
| | - J H Chang
- Neurosurgery (J.H.C., S.-G.K., E.H.K.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-G Kang
- Neurosurgery (J.H.C., S.-G.K., E.H.K.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - E H Kim
- Neurosurgery (J.H.C., S.-G.K., E.H.K.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Departments of Pathology (S.H.K.)
| | - S-K Lee
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.S.C., S.S.A., H.-J.L., S.-K.L.)
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Choi YS, Lee EJ, Cho Y. The effect of Korean-group cognitive behavioural therapy among patients with panic disorder in clinic settings. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2017; 24:28-40. [PMID: 27774709 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Panic disorder patients display various panic-related physical symptoms and catastrophic misinterpretation of bodily sensations, which lower their quality of life by interfering with daily activities. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a useful strategy for panic disorder patients to manage symptoms associated with inaccurate cognitive interpretation of situations resulting from the patient's cognitive vulnerability. In South Korea, however, despite the increasing prevalence of panic disorder, CBT is not a common element of nursing care plans for panic disorder patients. Moreover, few Korean researchers have attempted to assess the effects of CBT on such patients. WHAT THIS PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: In a strategy combining CBT and routine treatments, patients with panic disorder can experience greater positive effects in the acute treatment phase than those they experience when receiving only routine treatment. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Mental health professionals, especially psychiatric nurses in local clinics who operate most special mental health programmes for panic disorder patients, should apply a panic disorder management programme that integrates CBT and routine treatments. The integrated approach is more effective for reducing the number of panic attacks and cognitive misinterpretation in patients than providing routine treatment alone. For patients with panic disorder, the objective of CBT is to understand the relationship between psychological panic disorder sensations, emotions, thoughts and behaviours. Therefore, nurses can help patients address and improve biological, social and psychological aspects of physical health problems as well as help them improve their coping skills in general. ABSTRACT Introduction In panic disorder, sensitivity to bodily sensations increases due to the patient's cognitive vulnerability. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can help to decrease sensitivity to bodily sensations by correcting these cognitive distortions by controlling negative thoughts and panic attacks. Aims This study verified whether group CBT is more effective than treatment as usual (TAU) in South Korean patients with panic disorder. Methods The study participants consisted of 76 panic disorder patients. Patients in the therapy condition attended sessions once a week for a total of 12 sessions in addition to drug treatment. Results In the therapy condition, there were significant decreases in panic-related bodily sensations and ranking and belief scores for catastrophic misinterpretation of external events. Discussion Group CBT, in comparison to TAU, decreases panic and agoraphobia symptom severity in South Korean patients with panic disorder. Our study provides evidence for the effectiveness of a panic disorder management programme that integrates group CBT and traditional pharmacotherapeutic treatment for patients with panic disorder. Implications for Practice The cognitive behavioural approach is needed to reduce panic and agoraphobia symptoms for hospitalized patients with panic disorder more than activity therapies, medications and supportive counselling by doctors and nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Choi
- Department of Nursing, Andong Science College, Andong, South Korea
| | - E J Lee
- College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Deagu, South Korea
| | - Y Cho
- Department of Psychology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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Kim MK, Chon SJ, Noe EB, Roh YH, Yun BH, Cho S, Choi YS, Lee BS, Seo SK. Associations of dietary calcium intake with metabolic syndrome and bone mineral density among the Korean population: KNHANES 2008-2011. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:299-308. [PMID: 27503170 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3717-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Excessive amount of calcium intake increased risk for metabolic syndrome in men. However, modest amount decreased the risk of metabolic syndrome and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Modest amount of calcium also increased bone mineral density (BMD) in both men and postmenopausal women. INTRODUCTION The present study aimed to evaluate the associations of dietary calcium intake with metabolic syndrome and bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean men and women, especially postmenopausal women. METHODS The study was performed using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2011) and included 14,705 participants (5953 men, 4258 premenopausal women, and 4494 postmenopausal women). Clinical and other objective characteristics, presence of metabolic syndrome, and the BMD of the femur neck and lumbar spine were evaluated according to dietary calcium intake. RESULTS There was a higher tendency for metabolic syndrome in men with a dietary calcium intake of >1200 mg/day than with ≤400 mg of calcium intake; >400 and ≤800 mg of calcium intake was helpful for postmenopausal women to decrease risk for metabolic syndrome. Overall, the group with calcium intake >400 and ≤800 mg daily had significantly increased BMD in both femoral neck and lumbar spine from both men and postmenopausal women. From both femoral neck and lumbar spine, the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women significantly decreased in the group whose calcium intake was >400 and ≤800 mg daily. CONCLUSION Excessive dietary calcium may increase the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in men. For postmenopausal women, calcium intake does not increase the risk of metabolic syndrome, but modest amount decreases the risk. It may increase the BMD in men and postmenopausal women, and also reduce the prevalence of both osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Chon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gil Hospital, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - E B Noe
- Seoul Rachel Fertility Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Roh
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B H Yun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Cho
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B S Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Seo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Seo MH, Won EJ, Hong YJ, Chun S, Kwon JR, Choi YS, Kim JN, Lee SA, Lim AH, Kim SH, Park KU, Cho D. An effective diagnostic strategy for accurate detection of RhD variants including Asian DEL type in apparently RhD-negative blood donors in Korea. Vox Sang 2016; 111:425-430. [PMID: 27864976 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to provide an effective RHD genotyping strategy for the East Asian blood donors. MATERIAL AND METHODS RhD phenotyping, weak D testing and RhCE phenotyping were performed on 110 samples from members of the RhD-negative club, private organization composed of RhD-negative blood donors, in the GwangJu-Chonnam region of Korea. The RHD promoter, intron 4, and exons 7 and 10 were analysed by real-time PCR. Two nucleotide changes (c.1227 G>A, and c.1222 T>C) in exon 9 were analysed by sequencing. RESULTS Of 110 RhD-negative club members, 79 (71·8%) showed complete deletion of the RHD gene, 10 (9·1%) showed results consistent with RHD-CE-D hybrid, and 21 (19·1%) showed amplification of RHD promoter, intron 4, and exons 7 and 10. Of the latter group, 16 (14·5%) were in the DEL blood group including c.1227 G>A (N = 14) and c.1222 T>C (N = 2), 2 (1·8%) were weak D, 1(0·9%) was partial D, and 2 (1·8%) were undetermined. The RhD-negative phenotype samples consisted of 58 C-E-c+e+, 19 C-E+c+e+, 3 C-E+c+e-, 21 C+E-c+e-, 6 C+E-c+e+ and 3 C+E-c-e + . Notably, all 58 samples with the C-E-c+e+ phenotype were revealed to have complete deletion of the RHD gene. The C-E-c+e+ phenotype showed 100% positive predictive value for detecting D-negative cases. CONCLUSIONS RHD genotyping is not required in half of D-negative cases. We suggest here an effective RHD genotyping strategy for accurate detection of RhD variants in apparently RhD-negative blood donors in East Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Seo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - E J Won
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Y J Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - S Chun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J R Kwon
- The Division of Human Blood Safety Surveillance, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- The Division of Human Blood Safety Surveillance, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - J N Kim
- The Division of Human Blood Safety Surveillance, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - S A Lee
- Blood Transfusion Research Institute, Korean Red Cross, Wonju, Korea
| | - A H Lim
- Blood Transfusion Research Institute, Korean Red Cross, Wonju, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - K U Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - D Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Yun BH, Chon SJ, Choi YS, Cho S, Lee BS, Seo SK. The effect of prolonged breast-feeding on the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis in population with insufficient calcium intake and vitamin D level. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:2745-2753. [PMID: 27048389 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Breast-feeding affects bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis, and prolonged breast-feeding may influence the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis, particularly in highly susceptible populations. The study determined that breast-feeding may be a risk factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis, especially in people with low calcium intakes and vitamin D deficiencies. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to determine whether breast-feeding is a risk factor in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis, especially in highly susceptible population. METHODS The study was performed using data from the 2010 to 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and it included 1231 postmenopausal women who were aged between 45 and 70 years. Osteoporosis was defined using the World Health Organization's T-score criteria, namely, a T-score of ≤-2.5 at the femoral neck or the lumbar spine. The patients' ages, body mass indexes, daily calcium intakes, serum vitamin D levels, exercise levels, smoking histories, and reproductive factors relating to menarche, menopause, delivery, breast-feeding, hormone treatment, and oral contraceptive use were evaluated. Comparisons between the osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis groups were undertaken using Student's t test and the chi-square test, and logistic regression models were built. RESULTS A significant increase in the risk of osteoporosis was apparent in postmenopausal women with prolonged breast-feeding histories (≥24 months) (model 1: odds ratio [OR] = 2.489; 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.111 to 5.578, p = 0.027; model 2: OR = 2.503; 95 % CI = 1.118 to 5.602, p = 0.026; model 3: OR = 2.825; 95 % CI = 1.056 to 7.56, p = 0.039), particularly in those with inadequate serum vitamin D levels and calcium intakes (<800 mg/day). CONCLUSIONS Breast-feeding seems to increase the risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis; however, its impact may not be definitive in women with sufficient vitamin D levels and calcium intakes. Therefore, sufficient calcium intakes and adequate vitamin D levels may be important to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women that is derived from breast-feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Yun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Chon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gil Hospital, Graduate School of Medicine, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Cho
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - B S Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S K Seo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Cho HM, Lee K, Min W, Choi YS, Lee HS, Mun HJ, Shim HY, Lee DG, Yoo MJ. Survival and Functional Outcomes after Hip Fracture among Nursing Home Residents. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:89-97. [PMID: 26770043 PMCID: PMC4712585 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.1.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the implementation of a long-term care insurance system for the elderly in Korea, many nursing homes have been established and many more patients than ever before have been living at nursing homes. Despite the fact that this is a high-risk group vulnerable to hip fractures, no study has yet been conducted in Korea on hip fracture incidence rates and prognoses among patients residing at nursing homes. We recently studied 46 cases of hip fracture in nursing homes; more specifically, we investigated the most common conditions under which fractures occur, and examined the degree of recovery of ambulatory ability and the mortality within 1 yr. Among those who had survived after 1 yr, the number of non-functional ambulators increased from 8 hips before hip fracture to 19 hips at final post-fracture follow-up. These individuals showed poor recovery of ambulatory ability, and the number who died within one year was 11 (23.9%), a rate not significantly different from that among community-dwelling individuals. It was evident that hip-joint-fracture nursing home residents survived for similar periods of time as did those dwelling in the community, though under much more uncomfortable conditions. The main highlight of this report is that it is the first from Korea on nursing home residents' ambulatory recovery and one-year mortality after hip fracture. The authors believe that, beginning with the present study, the government should collect and evaluate the number of hips fractured at nursing facilities in order to formulate criteria that will help to enable all patients to select safer and better-quality nursing facilities for themselves or their family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Man Cho
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gwangju Veterans Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kyujung Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gwangju Veterans Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Woongbae Min
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gwangju Veterans Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yong Suk Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gwangju Veterans Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Lee
- Department of Nursing, Gwangju Veterans Nursing Home, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyoung Jin Mun
- Department of Nursing, Suwon Veterans Nursing Home, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hye Young Shim
- Department of Nursing, Daegu Veterans Nursing Home, Daegu, Korea
| | - Da Geon Lee
- Department of Nursing, Gimhae Veterans Nursing Home, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Mi Joung Yoo
- Department of Nursing, Daejeon Veterans Nursing Home, Daejeon, Korea
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Rim TH, Choi YS, Kim SS, Kang MJ, Oh J, Park S, Byeon SH. Retinal vessel structure measurement using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Eye (Lond) 2015; 30:111-9. [PMID: 26493040 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2015.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the reliability and validity of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) measurements of retinal vessel lumen diameters and wall thicknesses. METHODS SD-OCT was used to characterize the circular region around the optic disc of 40 eyes (20 subjects). The inner and outer sides (vitreal and choroidal sides) of the vessel wall and the luminal diameter were measured using intensity graphs. RESULTS Mean arterial and venous luminal diameters were 95.1±16.1 and 132.6±17.8 μm, respectively. The wall thicknesses of inner and outer sides of the artery were 23.9±4.9 and 21.2±3.5 μm, respectively. The wall thicknesses of the inner and outer sides of the vein were 20.7±4.2 and 16.3±4.3 μm, respectively. There were significant differences between the inner and outer wall thicknesses in both the artery and vein (P<0.01). Intra- and interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for lumen measurements were >0.95, and for wall thicknesses were >0.85, except for the outer wall thickness measurements. The mean value of outer and inner wall thicknesses showed good reproducibility, with ICCs of >0.85. CONCLUSION Intensity graph-assisted measurements using SD-OCT provided more objective information in finding boundaries of vessels. Luminal diameters and wall thicknesses obtained with OCT showed good overall reproducibility, with inner wall thicknesses being thicker, and with better reproducibility compared with outer wall thicknesses, where ICC values were the lowest among the inner wall thicknesses, mean thicknesses of inner and outer walls, and luminal diameters. When using SD-OCT measurements, caution is therefore advised when using only the outer wall as representative of the wall thicknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Rim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S S Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M-J Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Oh
- Department of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Park
- Department of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S H Byeon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Suh SW, Choi YS, Lee SE, Kang H. Internal herniation due to an omphalomesenteric duct cyst in a 69-year-old man. Z Gastroenterol 2015; 53:1084-6. [PMID: 26367024 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1553340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous abdominal surgery is the most common cause of mechanical small bowel obstruction. However, in patients with no history of abdominal surgery, the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical small bowel obstruction is difficult. A persistent omphalomesenteric duct remnant is a rare finding that typically presents in the pediatric population and is extremely rare in patients aged > 60 years. In the present report, we describe the case of an omphalomesenteric duct cyst causing small bowel obstruction in a 69-year-old man with no history of a surgical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Suh
- Department of Surgery, Chung Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Surgery, Chung Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - S E Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chung Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - H Kang
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
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Choi YS, Kim DW, Lee SK, Chang JH, Kang SG, Kim EH, Kim SH, Rim TH, Ahn SS. The Added Prognostic Value of Preoperative Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI Histogram Analysis in Patients with Glioblastoma: Analysis of Overall and Progression-Free Survival. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36:2235-41. [PMID: 26338911 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The prognostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging in patients with glioblastoma is controversial. We investigated the added prognostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging to clinical parameters and molecular biomarkers in patients with glioblastoma by using histogram analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study consisted of 61 patients who underwent preoperative dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging for glioblastoma. The histogram parameters of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging, including volume transfer constant, extravascular extracellular volume fraction, and plasma volume fraction, were calculated from entire enhancing tumors. Univariate analyses for overall survival and progression-free survival were performed with preoperative clinical and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging parameters and postoperative molecular biomarkers. Multivariate Cox regression was performed to build pre- and postoperative models for overall survival and progression-free survival. The performance of models was assessed by calculating the Harrell concordance index. RESULTS In univariate analysis, patients with higher volume transfer constant and extravascular extracellular volume fraction values showed worse overall survival and progression-free survival, whereas plasma volume fraction showed no significant correlation. In multivariate analyses for overall survival, the fifth percentile value of volume transfer constant and kurtosis of extravascular extracellular volume fraction were independently prognostic in the preoperative model, and kurtosis of volume transfer constant and extravascular extracellular volume fraction were independently prognostic in the postoperative model. For progression-free survival, independent prognostic factors were minimum and fifth percentile values of volume transfer constant and kurtosis of extravascular extracellular volume fraction in the preoperative model and kurtosis of extravascular extracellular volume fraction in the postoperative model. The performance of preoperative models for progression-free survival was significantly improved when minimum or fifth percentile values of volume transfer constant and kurtosis of extravascular extracellular volume fraction were added. CONCLUSIONS Higher volume transfer constant and extravascular extracellular volume fraction values are associated with worse prognosis, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging may have added prognostic value in combination with preoperative clinical parameters, especially in predicting progression-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Choi
- From the Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.S.C., S.-K.L., S.S.A.)
| | - D W Kim
- Department of Policy Research Affairs (D.W.K.), National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - S-K Lee
- From the Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.S.C., S.-K.L., S.S.A.)
| | - J H Chang
- Neurosurgery (J.H.C., S.-G.K., E.H.K.)
| | - S-G Kang
- Neurosurgery (J.H.C., S.-G.K., E.H.K.)
| | - E H Kim
- Neurosurgery (J.H.C., S.-G.K., E.H.K.)
| | | | - T H Rim
- Ophthalmology (T.H.R.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S S Ahn
- From the Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.S.C., S.-K.L., S.S.A.)
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Choi YS, Rim TH, Ahn SS, Lee SK. Discrimination of Tumorous Intracerebral Hemorrhage from Benign Causes Using CT Densitometry. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36:886-92. [PMID: 25634719 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Differentiation of tumorous intracerebral hemorrhage from benign etiology is critical in initial treatment plan and prognosis. Our aim was to investigate the diagnostic value of CT densitometry to discriminate tumorous and nontumorous causes of acute intracerebral hemorrhage. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 110 patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage classified into 5 groups: primary intracerebral hemorrhage without (group 1) or with antithrombotics (group 2) and secondary intracerebral hemorrhage with vascular malformation (group 3), brain metastases (group 4), or primary brain tumors (group 5). The 5 groups were dichotomized into tumorous (groups 4 and 5) and nontumorous intracerebral hemorrhage (groups 1-3). Histogram parameters of hematoma attenuation on nonenhanced CT were compared among the groups and between tumorous and nontumorous intracerebral hemorrhages. With receiver operating characteristic analysis, optimal cutoffs and area under the curve were calculated for discriminating tumorous and nontumorous intracerebral hemorrhages. RESULTS Histogram analysis of acute intracerebral hemorrhage attenuation showed that group 1 had higher mean, 5th, 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile values than groups 4 and 5 and higher minimum and 5th percentile values than group 2. Group 3 had higher 5th percentile values than groups 4 and 5. After dichotomization, all histogram parameters except maximum and kurtosis were different between tumorous and nontumorous intracerebral hemorrhages, with tumors having lower cumulative histogram parameters and positive skewness. In receiver operating characteristic analysis, 5th and 25th percentile values showed the highest diagnostic performance for discriminating tumorous and nontumorous intracerebral hemorrhages, with 0.81 area under the curve, cutoffs of 34 HU and 44 HU, sensitivities of 65.6% and 70.0%, and specificities of 85.0% and 80.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS CT densitometry of intracerebral hemorrhage on nonenhanced CT might be useful for discriminating tumorous and nontumorous causes of acute intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Choi
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.S.C., S.S.A., S.-K.L.)
| | - T H Rim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research (T.H.R.), College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S S Ahn
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.S.C., S.S.A., S.-K.L.)
| | - S-K Lee
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science (Y.S.C., S.S.A., S.-K.L.)
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Kim JM, Jo YY, Na SW, Kim SI, Choi YS, Kim NO, Park JE, Koh SO. The predictors for continuous renal replacement therapy in liver transplant recipients. Transplant Proc 2015; 46:184-91. [PMID: 24507049 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute renal failure (ARF) after liver transplantation requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) adversely affects patient survival. We suggested that postoperative renal failure can be predicted if a clinically simple nomogram can be developed, thus selecting potential risk factors for preventive strategy. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 153 liver transplant recipients from January 2008 to December 2011 at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, in Seoul, Korea. There were 42 patients treated with CRRT (20 and 22 patients received transplants from living and deceased donors, respectively) and 115 were not. Univariate and stepwise logistic multivariate analyses were performed. A clinical nomogram to predict postoperative CRRT application was constructed and validated internally. RESULTS Hepatic encephalopathy (HEP; odds ratio OR, 5.47), deceased donor liver donations (OR, 3.47), Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score (OR, 1.09), intraoperative blood loss (L; OR, 1.16), and tumor (hepatocellular carcinoma) as the indication for liver transplantation (OR, 0.11) were identified as independent predictive factors for postoperative CRRT on multivariate analysis. A clinical prediction model constructed for calculating the probability of CRRT post-transplantation was 1.7000 × HEP + [-4.5427 + 1.2440 × (deceased donor) + 0.0830 × (MELD score) + 0.000149 × the amount of intraoperative bleeding (L) - 2.1785 × tumor]. The validation set discriminated well with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.90 (95% confidence interval, 0.85-0.95). The predicted and the actual probabilities were calibrated with the clinical nomogram. CONCLUSIONS We developed a predictive model of postoperative CRRT in liver transplantation patients. Perioperative strategies to modify these factors are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Y Jo
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - S W Na
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S I Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - N O Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J E Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S O Koh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Cha HJ, Lee DB, Jung HN, Choi YS, Suh HS. Investigation of Werner protein as an early DNA damage response in actinic keratosis, Bowen disease and squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Exp Dermatol 2014; 40:564-9. [PMID: 25545408 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Werner protein (WRN) has DNA helicase activity and participates in recombination, replication and repair of DNA. Loss-of-function mutations in WRN gives rise to genetic instability and diseases such as premature ageing and cancer. Upregulation of WRN promotes proliferation and survival of cancer cells. AIM To evaluate the expression pattern of WRN in closely related skin cancers and their correlation with age, sex and UV exposure. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate expression of WRN in formalin-fixed, paraffin wax-embedded tissue specimens of 9 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 15 actinic keratosis (AK), 11 Bowen disease (BD) and 11 normal-appearing peripheral tissue samples, obtained from patients during surgical resections. RESULTS WRN expression was significantly increased in BD, AK and SCC compared with normal controls, with the mean WRN staining score being highest in BD, followed by AK and SCC. However, age, sex and sun exposure were not associated with WRN expression. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first report to date investigating the expression of WRN in skin cancers. The overtly high expression of WRN in premalignant lesions and in in situ cancer, with relatively low WRN expression in SCC, may indicate that WRN contributes as a checkpoint for early DNA damage response in skin tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Cha
- Department of Pathology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
| | - D B Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H N Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
| | - H S Suh
- Department of Dermatology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
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Yun BH, Chon SJ, Lee YJ, Han EJ, Cho S, Choi YS, Lee BS, Seo SK. Association of metabolic syndrome with coronary atherosclerosis in non-diabetic postmenopausal women. Climacteric 2014; 18:284-9. [PMID: 25233795 DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2014.960384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the possible association of metabolic syndrome with arterial stiffness and coronary atherosclerosis in non-diabetic, postmenopausal women. METHODS A total of 293 non-diabetic, postmenopausal women who visited the health promotion center for a routine health check-up were included in a cross-sectional study. Arterial stiffness was measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, and coronary atherosclerosis was detected using 64-row multi-detector computed tomography. RESULTS Women with coronary atherosclerosis had a significantly higher proportion of metabolic syndrome than those without coronary atherosclerosis. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was significantly higher in women who had metabolic syndrome compared to those who had no metabolic syndrome (1567.71 ± 211.81 vs. 1336.75 ± 159.62 cm/s, p < 0.001). In addition, the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was shown to increase with increasing number of metabolic syndrome components (p for trend < 0.001). Metabolic syndrome was associated with increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis (adjusted odds ratio 2.38; 95% confidence interval 1.01-5.06), after adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of coronary atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women. Increased arterial stiffness may partly explain an increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Yun
- * Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
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Kwon TR, Yoo KH, Oh CT, Shin DH, Choi EJ, Jung SJ, Hong H, Choi YS, Kim BJ. Improved methods for selective cryolipolysis results in subcutaneous fat layer reduction in a porcine model. Skin Res Technol 2014; 21:192-200. [PMID: 25220194 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Cryolipolysis is a noninvasive method for the selective reduction of localized fat tissues. It has demonstrated efficacy in both clinical and preclinical trials; however, despite its popularity, its mechanisms of action and evaluation methods are not yet fully defined. The purpose of this study was to improved methods for cryolipolysis using a porcine model. METHODS The abdomens of female PWG micro-pigs were treated with a cooling device (CRYOLIPO II(™)), and we examined the treatment effects using photography, three-dimensional photography, ultrasound, gross, and microscopic pathology, and serum lipid level analyses in order to determine the mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety of CRYOLIPO II(™). RESULTS CRYOLIPO II(™) successfully reduced abdominal fat in our porcine model. Gross and microscopic histological results confirmed the noninvasive cold-induced selective subcutaneous fat destruction, and showed increases in pre-adipocyte differentiation and in the activation of lipid catabolism. In particular, we found that CRYOLIPO II(™) may increase PPARδ (delta) levels in adipose tissue at 30-60 days post-treatment. CONCLUSION Fat reduction by cryolipolysis was successfully achieved in our porcine model. Thus, our findings indicate that CRYOLIPO II(™) may be a promising fat reduction device for body contouring and fat reduction in humans, and that cryolipolysis exerts its effects, at least partly, by targeting the PPARδ signaling pathway. These results show that both investigative and diagnostic potentials capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-R Kwon
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim SY, Huh KH, Lee JR, Kim SH, Jeong SH, Choi YS. Comparison of the effects of normal saline versus Plasmalyte on acid-base balance during living donor kidney transplantation using the Stewart and base excess methods. Transplant Proc 2014; 45:2191-6. [PMID: 23953528 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.02.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion injury is an inevitable consequence of kidney transplantation, leading to metabolic acidosis. This study compared the effects of normal saline (NS) and Plasmalyte on acid-base balance and electrolytes during living donor kidney transplantation using the Stewart and base excess (BE) methods. METHODS Patients were randomized to an NS group (n = 30) or a Plasmalyte group (n = 30). Arterial blood samples were collected for acid-base analysis after induction of anesthesia (T0), prior to clamping the iliac vein (T1), 10 minutes after reperfusion of the donated kidney (T2), and at the end of surgery (T3). In addition serum creatinine and 24-hour urine output were recorded on postoperative days 1,2, and 7. Over the first postoperative 7 days we recorded episodes of graft failure requiring dialysis. RESULTS Compared with the Plasmalyte group, the NS group showed significantly lower values of pH, BE, and effective strong ion differences during the postreperfusion period (T2 and T3). Chloride-related values (chloride [Cl(-)], free-water corrected Cl(-), BEcl) were significantly higher at T1, T2, and T3, indicating hyperchloremic rather than dilutional metabolic acidosis. Early postoperative graft functions in terms of serum creatinine, urine output, and graft failure requiring dialysis were not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Both NS and Plamalyte can be used safely during uncomplicated living donor kidney transplantation. However, Plasmalyte more stably maintains acid-base and electrolyte balance compared with NS especially during the postreperfusion period.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim HW, Hwang KE, Song DH, Kim YJ, Lim YB, Choi JH, Choi YS, Kim HY, Kim CJ. Effects of soy sauce on physicochemical and textural properties of tumbled chicken breast. Poult Sci 2014; 93:680-6. [PMID: 24604862 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of soy sauce on the physicochemical and textural properties of tumbled chicken breasts. Chicken breasts marinated with distilled water (Con), 4% NaCl solution, 4% NaCl and lactic acid solution (pH 4.9), and soy sauce solution (4% salt concentration and pH 4.9) were vacuum tumbled at 3°C for 60 min. The chicken breast marinated with soy sauce solution showed lower lightness and higher redness and yellowness due to the color of the soy sauce. The acidic marinades led to a decrease in pH value of tumbled chicken breast. The acidic marinades increased collagen solubility of sample compared with 4% NaCl solution, resulting in decreased shear force. Water-holding capacity, marination and cooking yields, and solubility of myofibrillar proteins were mainly affected by the presence of salt in the marinade, rather than by pH alternation. Our results suggested that soy sauce marination can improve the tenderness of tumbled chicken breast.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
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Kim JY, Shin S, Han K, Lee KC, Kim JH, Choi YS, Kim DH, Nam GE, Yeo HD, Lee HG, Ko BJ. Relationship between socioeconomic status and anemia prevalence in adolescent girls based on the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 68:253-8. [PMID: 24300911 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES We studied the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), represented by household income, and the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among adolescent girls in Korea. SUBJECTS/METHODS The samples were based on the data from a four-year (2008-2011) collection for the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1312 girls, age 10-18 years). The survey included demographic, anthropometric, biochemical and nutritional parameters. A multiple regression analysis after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), red blood cell count, white blood cell count and red meat intake was performed. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin level lower than 11.5 g/dl for ages 10-11 years and 12.0 g/dl for ages 12-14 years. Iron deficiency was defined as serum ferritin level below 15 μg/l. RESULTS The prevalences of anemia and IDA in Korean girls were 5.3 and 4.2%, respectively. Girls with anemia were older, taller, weighed more, had higher BMI, had higher portion of menarche experience and consumed less red meat than girls without anemia. Girls with higher income had lower anemia prevalence and consumed more iron and vitamins. Logistic regression analysis showed a decreasing trend in anemia prevalence as household income increased. Correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a relationship between household income and serum hemoglobin and ferritin levels (P=0.003 and P=0.026, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Higher SES leads to lower prevalence of anemia and IDA in Korean adolescent girls. This may be due to the fact that higher SES individuals consume more iron and vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Shin
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Catholic University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K-C Lee
- College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J-H Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - G E Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H D Yeo
- College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H G Lee
- College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - B-J Ko
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Oh YJ, Lee JR, Choi YS, Koh SO, Na S. Randomized controlled comparison of combined general and epidural anesthesia versus general anesthesia on diaphragmatic function after laparoscopic prostatectomy. Minerva Anestesiol 2013; 79:1371-1380. [PMID: 23857436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the effect of anesthetic technique on postoperative diaphragmatic function, which is associated with postoperative morbidity and recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic pelvic surgery. The aim of this trial was to study the effect of combined general and epidural anesthesia versus general anesthesia on postoperative diaphragmatic function measured by ultrasonography in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP). METHODS Fifty-four patients undergoing RALRP were enrolled prospectively. Study population was randomized to receive general (group G, N.=27) or combined general and epidural (group GE, N.=27) anesthesia. Diaphragmatic inspiratory amplitude (DIA), and inspiration and expiration time (Ti and Te, respectively) were measured by M-mode ultrasonography during quiet/deep breathing and sniffing before the surgery and on postoperative days (POD) 1 and 2. Diaphragmatic inspiratory and expiratory velocities (DIV and DEV) were also calculated (DIA/Ti and DIA/Te, respectively). Spirometry was performed in addition to ultrasonography. RESULTS DIA during deep breathing and sniffing was significantly decreased on POD 1 in group G, while it was preserved in group GE. These reductions in diaphragmatic function were restored to preoperative values on POD 2 in both groups. Vital capacity and peak expiratory flow were diminished in group G on POD 1 and 2. However, spirometry revealed no impairment in group GE except for vital capacity on POD 1. The correlation coefficients (R2) between diaphragmatic function and spirometry variables ranged from 0.231 to 0.286. Postoperaitve pain was comparable. CONCLUSION Combined general and epidural anesthesia may attenuate the severity of postoperative diaphragmatic dysfunction after RALRP compared to conventional general anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea -
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Kim SH, Oh YJ, Park BW, Sim J, Choi YS. Effects of single-dose dexmedetomidine on the quality of recovery after modified radical mastectomy: a randomised controlled trial. Minerva Anestesiol 2013; 79:1248-1258. [PMID: 23698545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2 agonist with analgesic, anxiolytic, and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the effect of a single dose of dexmedetomidine on patient-perceived quality of recovery and clinical recovery variables after modified radical mastectomy under general anesthesia in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. METHODS After Institutional Review Board approval, ninety two female patients were randomly allocated to receive intravenously either saline (Group C, N.=46) or 0.5 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine (Group D, N.=46) five min before the end of surgery. The quality of recovery was assessed using a 40-item quality-of-recovery scoring system (QoR-40) preoperatively and 24 h after surgery. Pain intensity, rescue analgesics, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were assessed at postanesthesia care unit (PACU), 1-6 h, and 6-24 h after surgery. RESULTS Postoperative global QoR-40 scores were higher in Group D compared with Group C (181 [175-187] vs. 174 [154.5-181.5], P=0.004); postoperative QoR-40 scores were improved in the dimensions of emotional state, physical comfort, and psychological support. Total amount of tramadol during 24 h after surgery was significantly lower in Group D than in Group C (54 vs. 76 mg, P=0.006). The incidence of PONV was lower in Group D than in Group C in PACU (21% vs. 43%, P=0.026) and 6-24 h period after surgery (10% vs. 41%, P=0.012). Heart rate and mean blood pressure were significantly lower in Group D as compared with Group C at 5 min after administration of dexmedetomidine, 1 min after extubation, and 20 min after arrival in PACU. CONCLUSION The use of a single dose dexmedetomidine improved the quality of recovery and reduced analgesic requirements and the incidence of PONV in the early postoperative period after modified radical mastectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea -
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Chung JH, Choi YS. Transition from three-port vats pulmonary resections to uniportal vats pulmonary resections: a single center experience. J Cardiothorac Surg 2013. [PMCID: PMC3845427 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8090-8-s1-o241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Lee JH, Kim MS, Na S, Koh SO, Sim J, Choi YS. Evaluation of acid-base status in brain dead donors and the impact of metabolic acidosis on organ retrieval. Minerva Anestesiol 2013; 79:1011-1020. [PMID: 24042153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathophysiologic changes after brain death can lead to acid-base disturbances. The primary aim of this study was to clarify the acid-base state and its source in brain dead donors using Stewart's approach. Additionally, we investigated whether the presence of metabolic acidosis affected the number of organs retrieved from donors. METHODS A retrospective review of electronic medical records was performed for brain dead donors who had undergone organ harvesting during the past 5 years in a tertiary medical center. The parameters related to acid-base disturbance and the number of organs retrieved from the donors was assessed. RESULTS Sixty one brain dead donors were evaluated in this study. Twenty three (37.7%) of these patients had metabolic acidosis at the initial diagnosis of brain death. Metabolic acidosis resulted from hyperchloremia and a large strong ion gap. The severity of metabolic acidosis was masked by hypernatremia and hypoalbuminemia. In addition, donors without metabolic acidosis also showed mixed acid-base disturbances in which metabolic acidosis induced by significant hyperchloremia was combined with metabolic alkalosis caused by hypoalbuminemia and hypernatremia. Although more organs were retrieved from the donors without metabolic acidosis than those with metabolic acidosis (P=0.012), serum albumin level (P=0.010) and donor age (P<0.001), rather than metabolic acid-base disturbances, significantly correlated with the number of organs retrieved in multivariate regression analysis. CONCLUSION Most brain dead donors exhibited metabolic acid-base disturbances. However, rather than metabolic acidosis, serum albumin level and donor age were well correlated with the number of organs retrieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea -
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Choi YS, Lee IT, Cho KR, Kim JK, Suh JP, Lee DS. Education and imaging. Gastrointestinal: Asymptomatic rectal perforation and massive pneumoretroperitoneum in patient with ulcerative colitis treated with mesalamine enemas. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 28:1071. [PMID: 23782117 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y S Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daehang Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Yun YH, Shon EJ, Yang AJ, Kim SH, Kim YA, Chang YJ, Lee J, Kim MS, Lee HS, Zo JI, Kim J, Choi YS, Shim YM. Needs regarding care and factors associated with unmet needs in disease-free survivors of surgically treated lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:1552-9. [PMID: 23471105 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the long-term needs of lung cancer survivors and to explore factors associated with unmet need. PATIENTS AND METHODS We recruited lung patients treated with curative surgery from 2001 through 2006 at two centers in Korea. Needs in the domains of information, supportive care, education and counseling, and socioeconomic support were measured. We selected the four most frequently reported items of unmet need among 19 items in four domains. RESULTS The most frequently reported unmet needs were Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and folk remedies (59.8%) in the Information domain, Counseling and treatment of depression and anxiety (63.5%) in the Supportive care domain, diet, exercise and weight control (55.1%) in the Education and counseling domain and Financial support (90.4%) in the socioeconomic support domain. Unmet needs for psychological treatment was significantly greater in participants who were employed (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.25; 95% confidential interval [CI], 1.12 to 4.53). Unmet needs for diet, exercise and weight control were significantly greater in participants who had not received chemotherapy (aOR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.85). Unmet need for financial support was greater in participants who were married (aOR, 4.14, 95%CI, 1.12 to 15.22) and those who had not received chemotherapy (aOR, 5.91, 95%CI, 1.91 to 18.31). CONCLUSION There were substantial unmet needs for information regarding psychological support, education for diet and exercise, and financial support among lung cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Yun
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim SH, Choi YS, Lee JG, Park IH, Oh YJ. Effects of a 1:1 inspiratory to expiratory ratio on respiratory mechanics and oxygenation during one-lung ventilation in the lateral decubitus position. Anaesth Intensive Care 2012. [PMID: 23194211 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1204000613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged inspiratory to expiratory (I:E) ratio ventilation may have both positive and negative effects on respiratory mechanics and oxygenation during one-lung ventilation (OLV), but definitive information is currently lacking. We therefore compared the effects of volume-controlled ventilation with I:E ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 on respiratory mechanics and oxygenation during OLV. Fifty-six patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy were randomly assigned volume-controlled ventilation with an I:E ratio of 1:1 (group 1:1, n=28) or 1:2 (group 1:2, n=28) during OLV. Arterial and central venous blood gas analyses and respiratory variables were recorded 15 minutes into two-lung ventilation, at 30 and 60 minutes during OLV, and 15 minutes after two-lung ventilation was re-initiated. Peak and plateau airway pressures in cmH2O [standard deviation] during OLV were significantly lower in group 1:1 than in group 1:2 (P <0.01) (19 [3] and 23 [4]; 16 [3] and 19 [5], respectively). The arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference was significantly lower in group 1:1 than in group 1:2 (P <0.01), (0.5 [0.3] and 1.1 [0.5]). There were no significant differences in PaO2 during OLV between the two groups (OLV30, P=0.856; OLV60, P=0.473). In summary, volume-controlled ventilation with an I:E ratio of 1:1 reduced peak and plateau airway pressures improved dynamic compliance and efficiency of alveolar ventilation, but it did not improve arterial oxygenation in a substantial manner. Furthermore, the associated increase in mean airway pressure might have reduced cardiac output, resulting in a lower central venous oxygen saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anaesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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