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Allajbeu I, Morris K, Nanaa M, Payne N, Charnley K, Moyle PL, Taylor K, Sharma N, Lim Y, Gilbert FJ. Introduction of automated breast ultrasound as an additional screening tool for dense breasts in the UK: a practical approach from the BRAID trial. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e641-e650. [PMID: 38413353 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- I Allajbeu
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrookes' Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Western Balkans University, 1001, Tirana, Albania; Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Box 218, Level 5, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - K Morris
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrookes' Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - M Nanaa
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Box 218, Level 5, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - N Payne
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Box 218, Level 5, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - K Charnley
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Box 218, Level 5, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - P L Moyle
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrookes' Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - K Taylor
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrookes' Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - N Sharma
- Breast Unit, Level 1 Chancellor Wing, St James Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Y Lim
- University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - F J Gilbert
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrookes' Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Box 218, Level 5, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
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Ha J, Baek SC, Lim Y, Chung JH. Validation of cost-efficient EEG experimental setup for neural tracking in an auditory attention task. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22682. [PMID: 38114579 PMCID: PMC10730561 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
When individuals listen to speech, their neural activity phase-locks to the slow temporal rhythm, which is commonly referred to as "neural tracking". The neural tracking mechanism allows for the detection of an attended sound source in a multi-talker situation by decoding neural signals obtained by electroencephalography (EEG), known as auditory attention decoding (AAD). Neural tracking with AAD can be utilized as an objective measurement tool for diverse clinical contexts, and it has potential to be applied to neuro-steered hearing devices. To effectively utilize this technology, it is essential to enhance the accessibility of EEG experimental setup and analysis. The aim of the study was to develop a cost-efficient neural tracking system and validate the feasibility of neural tracking measurement by conducting an AAD task using an offline and real-time decoder model outside the soundproof environment. We devised a neural tracking system capable of conducting AAD experiments using an OpenBCI and Arduino board. Nine participants were recruited to assess the performance of the AAD using the developed system, which involved presenting competing speech signals in an experiment setting without soundproofing. As a result, the offline decoder model demonstrated an average performance of 90%, and real-time decoder model exhibited a performance of 78%. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of implementing neural tracking and AAD using cost-effective devices in a practical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Ha
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-Convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Robot Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Korea
| | - Seung-Cheol Baek
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Robot Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Korea
- Research Group Neurocognition of Music and Language, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, 60322, Frankfurt\ Main, Germany
| | - Yoonseob Lim
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-Convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Robot Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Korea.
| | - Jae Ho Chung
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-Convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Robot Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Korea.
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222-Wangshimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-792, Korea.
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An H, Lee J, Suh MW, Lim Y. Neural correlation of speech envelope tracking for background noise in normal hearing. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1268591. [PMID: 37916182 PMCID: PMC10616241 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1268591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Everyday speech communication often occurs in environments with background noise, and the impact of noise on speech recognition can vary depending on factors such as noise type, noise intensity, and the listener's hearing ability. However, the extent to which neural mechanisms in speech understanding are influenced by different types and levels of noise remains unknown. This study aims to investigate whether individuals exhibit distinct neural responses and attention strategies depending on noise conditions. We recorded electroencephalography (EEG) data from 20 participants with normal hearing (13 males) and evaluated both neural tracking of speech envelopes and behavioral performance in speech understanding in the presence of varying types of background noise. Participants engaged in an EEG experiment consisting of two separate sessions. The first session involved listening to a 12-min story presented binaurally without any background noise. In the second session, speech understanding scores were measured using matrix sentences presented under speech-shaped noise (SSN) and Story noise background noise conditions at noise levels corresponding to sentence recognitions score (SRS). We observed differences in neural envelope correlation depending on noise type but not on its level. Interestingly, the impact of noise type on the variation in envelope tracking was more significant among participants with higher speech perception scores, while those with lower scores exhibited similarities in envelope correlation regardless of the noise condition. The findings suggest that even individuals with normal hearing could adopt different strategies to understand speech in challenging listening environments, depending on the type of noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyunJung An
- Center for Intelligent and Interactive Robotics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JeeWon Lee
- Center for Intelligent and Interactive Robotics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Whan Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseob Lim
- Center for Intelligent and Interactive Robotics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lim Y, Dahapute A, Clarke A, Hutton M, Selbi W. Delayed tension pneumocephalus and pneumorrhacis after routine cervical spine surgery treated successfully without burr holes. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2023. [PMID: 37381753 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2023.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tension pneumocephalus (TP) after spinal surgery is very rare with only a few cases reported in the English literature. Most cases of TP occur rapidly after spinal surgery. Traditionally, TP is managed using burr holes to relieve intracranial pressure. However, our case highlights a rare delayed presentation of TP and pneumorrhacis 1 month after routine cervical spine surgery. It is to our knowledge the first case of TP after spinal surgery to be treated using dural repair and supportive care. A 75-year-old woman presented with TP after having routine cervical decompression and stabilisation for cervical myelopathy. She re-presented 1 month after her initial operation with a leaking wound and altered mental status, which deteriorated rapidly shortly after admission. This, in combination with her radiographic features, influenced the decision to explore her surgical wound emergently. She made a full recovery and was discharged after 2 weeks in hospital. We hope to emphasise the need for a high index of suspicion for cerebrospinal fluid leaks and the low threshold to return to theatre to repair a potential dural defect, as well as illustrate that TP after spinal surgery can be treated successfully without burr holes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lim
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Dahapute
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Clarke
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - M Hutton
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - W Selbi
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Park JJ, Baek SC, Suh MW, Choi J, Kim SJ, Lim Y. The effect of topic familiarity and volatility of auditory scene on selective auditory attention. Hear Res 2023; 433:108770. [PMID: 37104990 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Selective auditory attention has been shown to modulate the cortical representation of speech. This effect has been well documented in acoustically more challenging environments. However, the influence of top-down factors, in particular topic familiarity, on this process remains unclear, despite evidence that semantic information can promote speech-in-noise perception. Apart from individual features forming a static listening condition, dynamic and irregular changes of auditory scenes-volatile listening environments-have been less studied. To address these gaps, we explored the influence of topic familiarity and volatile listening on the selective auditory attention process during dichotic listening using electroencephalography. When stories with unfamiliar topics were presented, participants' comprehension was severely degraded. However, their cortical activity selectively tracked the speech of the target story well. This implies that topic familiarity hardly influences the speech tracking neural index, possibly when the bottom-up information is sufficient. However, when the listening environment was volatile and the listeners had to re-engage in new speech whenever auditory scenes altered, the neural correlates of the attended speech were degraded. In particular, the cortical response to the attended speech and the spatial asymmetry of the response to the left and right attention were significantly attenuated around 100-200 ms after the speech onset. These findings suggest that volatile listening environments could adversely affect the modulation effect of selective attention, possibly by hampering proper attention due to increased perceptual load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghwa Jeonglok Park
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Robot Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Seung-Cheol Baek
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Robot Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Research Group Neurocognition of Music and Language, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Grüneburgweg 14, Frankfurt am Main 60322, Germany
| | - Myung-Whan Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Jongsuk Choi
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Robot Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of AI Robotics, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Sung June Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Yoonseob Lim
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Robot Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea.
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Teo YN, Basker G, Teoh SE, Tan EWX, Teo YH, Chai P, Wong RCC, Yip JWL, Kuntjoro I, Lim Y, Poh KK, Yeo TC, Kong WKF, Sia CH. Natural history of functional mitral regurgitation: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac779.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Ching-Hui Sia was supported by the National University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine's Junior Academic Fellowship Scheme.
Background
Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) precipitates a vicious cycle of left ventricular volume overload and remodelling, leading to perpetual worsening of FMR and left ventricular dysfunction, with a resultant poor prognosis. However, there is a lack of conclusive data on the natural progression of FMR in patients who do not undergo valvular intervention.
Purpose
We performed a one-stage meta-analysis on reconstructed individual patient data (IPD) to elucidate the natural history of FMR.
Methods
Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane) were searched for randomised controlled trials or cohorts, published from inception to March 13, 2022, reporting clinical outcomes in patients with FMR not receiving valvular intervention. IPD meta-analysis, as the gold standard approach for evidence synthesis, was performed with reconstructed IPD obtained from the survival curves reported in the included studies. Pooled survival estimates were derived. Quality assessment of included studies was conducted using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and Newcastle Ottawa Scale. This study was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews.
Results
A total of five studies were included, comprising a total cohort of 691 patients with FMR who did not undergo valvular intervention. The mean age of the cohort was 72.4 years (95% CI 67.6 to 77.1) and the proportion of males was 61.1% (95% CI 43.8 to 76.0). All-cause mortality was analysed over a follow-up duration of five years, while hospitalisation for heart failure, cardiovascular death, and the composite of all-cause mortality and hospitalisation for heart failure were analysed over a follow-up duration of three years. The probability of survival of patients with FMR without intervention was 79.4% (95% CI 76.2 to 82.3), 50.9% (95% CI 46.6 to 55.1), and 39.6% (95% CI 33.1 to 46.0) at one, three, and five years respectively. The probability of survival free from the composite of all-cause mortality and hospitalisation for heart failure was 51.3% (95% CI 46.8 to 55.6) and 12.0% (95% CI 8.9 to 15.7) at one year and three years respectively. The probability of survival free from hospitalisation for heart failure was 58.3% (95% CI 54.0 to 62.3) and 19.7% (95% CI 16.0 to 23.7) at one and three years respectively. The probability of survival free from cardiovascular death was 75.4% (95% CI 68.9 to 80.8) and 45.6% (95% CI 29.1 to 60.7) at one and three years respectively. All included studies were of low to moderate risk of bias.
Conclusion
FMR in the absence of valvular intervention is associated with poor survival and cardiovascular outcomes. Further research should focus on the role of interventions to mitigate its poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y N Teo
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - G Basker
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - S E Teoh
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - E W X Tan
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Y H Teo
- National University of Singapore, Department of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - P Chai
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - R C C Wong
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - J W L Yip
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - I Kuntjoro
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Y Lim
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - K K Poh
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - T C Yeo
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - W K F Kong
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - C H Sia
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
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Jeon H, Choi YS, Lim Y. A web-based care assistant for caregivers of the elderly: Development and pilot study. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231200976. [PMID: 37706021 PMCID: PMC10496464 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231200976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aging population in Korea has driven a surge in demand for elderly care services, leading to significant growth in elderly welfare facilities, particularly Adult Daycare Centers (ADCs). However, despite advancements in care facilities, caregivers continue to face challenges in providing suitable elderly care due to difficulties arising from gaps in the latest information on the elderly and their coping abilities. Objective The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the elderly care assistant system, which facilitates the sharing of information and knowledge necessary for elderly care among caregivers. Methods The ECA system was designed to support knowledge sharing through a knowledge management system based on an ontological knowledge model, with a web-based user interface for improved accessibility. A field trial was conducted at ADC in Seoul from August 17 to September 21, with eight caregivers participating. A mixed-methods approach, involving both surveys and interviews, was employed to gauge the ECA system's effectiveness. Results The study found that the use of the ECA was beneficial in promoting knowledge sharing among caregivers. Additionally, caregivers noted the potential benefits of using the ECA in conjunction with family caregivers, who can offer additional information and perspectives on elderly care. Conclusions This study presents preliminary evidence of the potential benefits of a care knowledge sharing system among various caregivers in elderly care. Although the elderly care assistant effectively promotes knowledge sharing, more research is needed to fully understand its impact on elderly care outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwawoo Jeon
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University - Seoul Campus, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Suk Choi
- Division of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University - Seoul Campus, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoonseob Lim
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Park J, Yoo YR, Lim Y, Sung JE. Phonological and semantic strategies in a letter fluency task for people with Alzheimer's disease. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1053272. [PMID: 36591070 PMCID: PMC9796995 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1053272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated whether employing a phonological or semantic strategy elicited a better performance on a letter fluency task for people with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods Sixty participants with probable AD were extracted from the DementiaBank database. After applying exclusion criteria, 47 participants were included in the final analysis. We used phonological and semantic strategies to analyze participants' responses to the letter fluency task. The phonological strategy analysis was based on the number of switches and the mean cluster size, and the semantic strategy analysis was based on semantic relatedness, which quantified word-similarity change by adapting the concept of persistence length from analyses of DNA and protein structures. We employed Pearson correlation coefficients to determine whether any strategy indexes were significantly related to the number of correct responses and used stepwise multiple regression analyses to determine the best predictor. Results Participants who relied on phonological strategy performed better on the letter fluency task. The number of correct responses was significantly positively correlated with phonological strategy but significantly negatively correlated with semantic strategy. The number of switches, mean cluster size, and semantic relatedness were all significant predictors, explaining 68.1% of the variance. Conclusion Our results suggested that individuals with AD who engaged in phonological strategy performed better on the letter fluency task than those who relied on semantic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Park
- Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yae Rin Yoo
- Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseob Lim
- The Center for Intelligent and Interactive Robotics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department of HY-KIST Bio-Convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Eun Sung
- Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Jee Eun Sung,
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Lim Y, Kang S, Jeong S, Kim H. 455 Spatial transcriptomic analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in melanoma reveals distinct immune profiles depending on tumor progression. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Choi GJ, Yoo HJ, Cho Y, Shim S, Yun S, Sung J, Lim Y, Jun SB, Kim SJ. Development of a miniaturized, reconnectable, and implantable multichannel connector. J Neural Eng 2022; 19. [PMID: 36228595 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac99ff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Connectors for implantable neural prosthetic systems provide several advantages such as simplification of surgery, safe replacement of implanted devices, and modular design of the implant systems. With the rapid advancement of technologies for neural implants, miniaturized multichannel implantable connectors are also required. In this study, we propose a reconnectable and area-efficient multichannel implantable connector.Approach. A female-to-female adapter was fabricated using the thermal-press bonding of micropatterned liquid crystal polymer films. A bump inside the adapter enabled a reliable electrical connection by increasing the contact pressure between the contact pads of the adapter and the inserted cable. After connection, the adapter is enclosed in a metal case sealed with silicone elastomer packing. With different sizes of the packings, leakage current tests were performed under accelerated conditions to determine the optimal design for long-term reliability. Repeated connection tests were performed to verify the durability and reconnectability of the fabricated connector. The connector was implanted in rats, and the leakage currents were monitored to evaluate the stability of the connectorin vivo. Main results. The fabricated four- and eight-channel implantable connectors, assembled with the metal cases, had a diameter and length of 6 and 17 mm, respectively. Further, the contact resistances of the four- and eight-channel connectors were 53.2 and 75.2 mΩ, respectively. The electrical contact remained stable during repeated connection tests (50 times). The fabricated connectors with packings having 125%, 137%, and 150% volume ratios to the internal space of the metal case failed after 14, 88, and 14 d, respectively, in a 75 °C saline environment. In animal tests with rats, the connector maintained low leakage current levels for up to 92 d.Significance. An implantable and reconnectable multichannel connector was developed and evaluated. The feasibility of the proposed connector was evaluated in terms of electrical and mechanical characteristics as well as sealing performance. The proposed connector is expected to have potential applications in implantable neural prosthetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwang Jin Choi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Yoo
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - YoonKyung Cho
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinyong Shim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyeon Yun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Sung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, United States of America (On a leave of absence)
| | - Yoonseob Lim
- Center for Intelligent and Interactive Robotics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Beom Jun
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Graduate Program in Smart Factory, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung June Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cho S, Lim Y, Cho S, Kim S, Park G, Song S, Song H, Park S, Ma M, Jung W, Paeng K, Ock CY, Cho E, Song S. 155P Artificial Intelligence (AI) - powered human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) analysis for HER2-positive early breast cancer patients treated with HER2-targeted neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Shin S, Kwon HJ, Kim H, Min N, Lim Y, Joo T, Lee K, Jeong MS, Kim H, Um SW, An C, Lee S. 23P MRE-seq based cancer screening for lung and colorectal cancer by deep learning analysis of cfDNA methylation pattern cancer screening. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Lim Y, Kang S, Kim H, Mun J, Roh M, Gulati N, Yang H, Moon J, Won C, Park C. 631 Determining intra-tumoral heterogeneity and immune escape mechanisms in melanoma using spatial transcriptomics. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Ha J, Kim J, Jeong C, Lim Y, Kim MK, Kwon HS, Song KH, Kang MI, Baek KH. Effect of follow-up raloxifene therapy after denosumab discontinuation in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:1591-1599. [PMID: 35376989 PMCID: PMC8978765 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-022-06388-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Follow-up raloxifene therapy after denosumab discontinuation resulted in a decrease in bone mass to the pre-denosumab levels and a rebound increase of bone turnover markers. The decrease in lumbar bone mineral density was particularly evident when the body mass index was low, there were previous vertebral fractures, or lumbar bone mineral density before denosumab administration was low. INTRODUCTION Selective estrogen receptor modulators may be an alternative to bisphosphonates for treating rebound resorption after discontinuing denosumab. This study aimed to investigate the effects of follow-up raloxifene therapy after denosumab discontinuation in postmenopausal women. METHODS This retrospective observational study included 61 patients who received 12-month follow-up raloxifene therapy after denosumab discontinuation. The primary endpoint was the bone mineral density change. The secondary endpoints were the changes in bone turnover markers and the incidence of new vertebral fractures. RESULTS Raloxifene administration for 12 months after denosumab discontinuation resulted in a significantly lower bone mineral density at all sites compared to the level at 6 months after the last denosumab treatment (lumbar spine, - 5.48%; femoral neck, - 2.95%; total hip, - 3.52%; all, p < 0.001). The decrease in lumbar bone mineral density was particularly evident when the body mass index was low, there were previous vertebral fractures, or lumbar bone mineral density before denosumab administration was low. Marked increases in the bone turnover markers from baseline were noted after switching to raloxifene. However, no new vertebral fractures occurred during raloxifene treatment. CONCLUSIONS Follow-up raloxifene therapy after denosumab discontinuation resulted in a decrease in bone mass to the pre-denosumab levels and a rebound increase of bone turnover markers. Therefore, raloxifene administered sequentially after denosumab discontinuation was not effective in preventing rebound phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - M K Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-H Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M I Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-H Baek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lim Y, Cicuttini F, Wluka A, Jones G, Hill C, Forbes A, Tonkin A, Berezovskaya S, Tan L, Ding C, Wang Y. AB0978 Effect of atorvastatin on skeletal muscles of patients with knee osteoarthritis: post-hoc analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundStatins are often discontinued due to muscle-related side effects. The effect of statin on skeletal muscles in populations with osteoarthritis is unknown.ObjectivesThis study aims to examine the effect of atorvastatin on skeletal muscle biochemistry, strength, size and symptoms in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.MethodsThis is a post-hoc analysis of a multicentre randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial over 2 years in which participants with knee osteoarthritis who met the American College of Rheumatology clinical criteria received atorvastatin 40mg daily (n=151) or placebo (n=153). Outcomes included levels of creatinine kinase (CK), aspartate transaminases (AST) and alanine transaminases (ALT) at baseline, 4 weeks, 6, 12 and 24 months; muscle strength measured by dynamometry at baseline, 12 and 24 months; vastus medialis cross-sectional area (CSA) on magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and 24 months; and self-reported myalgia during the trial.Results304 participants [mean age 55.7 (SD 7.6) years, 55.6% female] were randomised. There were no significant differences in CK and AST levels between atorvastatin and placebo groups at 4 weeks (CK median 107 vs 110, p=0.76; AST 22 vs 21, p=0.14), 6 (CK 109 vs 101.5, p=0.37; AST 21 vs 20, p=0.45), 12 (CK 103 vs 103, p=0.93; AST 22 vs 21, p=0.99), and 24 (CK 103 vs 93.5, p=0.17; AST 22 vs 21, p=0.34) months. The atorvastatin group had higher ALT levels than the placebo group at 4 weeks [26 vs 21, p=0.0004] and 6 months [25 vs 22, p=0.007] but no between-group differences at 12 [24 vs 21, p=0.08] and 24 [24 vs 21, p=0.053] months. Muscle strength significantly increased in the atorvastatin group but not the placebo group over 24 months with no between-group differences [mean 8.5 (95% CI 2.6,14.4) vs 5.6 (-0.3,11.5), p=0.50]. Change in vastus medialis CSA over 24 months showed between-group differences favouring the atorvastatin group [+0.12 (-0.09,0.34) vs -0.24 (-0.48,0.01), p=0.03] but of uncertain clinical significance. There was a trend for more myalgia in the atorvastatin group over 2 years (8/151 vs 2/153, p=0.06), mostly occurring within 6 months (7/151 vs 1/153, p=0.04). Of the 10 participants with myalgia, there was no relationship between the incidence of myalgia and CK levels.ConclusionIn those with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis, despite a trend for more myalgia, there was no clear evidence of an adverse effect of atorvastatin on skeletal muscles, including those most relevant to knee joint health.Disclosure of InterestsYuan Lim: None declared, Flavia Cicuttini: None declared, Anita Wluka: None declared, Graeme Jones Speakers bureau: GJ received honoraria for talks from BMS, Roche, AbbVie, Amgen, Lilly, Novartis, and Janssen, Grant/research support from: GJ received grant for a clinical trial from Covance, Catherine Hill: None declared, Andrew Forbes: None declared, Andrew Tonkin Speakers bureau: AT received honoraria for lectures from Pfizer; honoraria for lectures and advisory board participation from Amgen, Consultant of: AT received honoraria for lectures and advisory board participation from Amgen, honoraria for data and safety monitoring board participation from Merck, and honoraria for data and safety monitoring board participation from Novartis, Sofia Berezovskaya: None declared, Lynn Tan: None declared, Changhai Ding: None declared, Yuanyuan Wang: None declared
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Lim Y, Wong J, Hussain SM, Estee M, Zolio L, Page M, Harrison C, Wluka A, Wang Y, Cicuttini F. AB0979 Recommendations for weight management in osteoarthritis: a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundWeight loss interventions are often recommended to target overweight and obesity in the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the management of osteoarthritis. This is despite evidence from meta-analyses of clinical trials that significant weight loss results in modest improvements in symptoms and minimal effects on disease progression1,2. There is evidence that weight gain is associated with increase in knee pain3,4. In countries such as USA, adults gain on average 0.5 to 1 kilogram per year from early to middle adulthood Preventing weight gain is easier to achieve and sustain than losing weight.ObjectivesGiven that weight loss is accepted as fundamental to osteoarthritis management, we systematically reviewed the recommendations and approaches for weight management in all current osteoarthritis CPGs.MethodsNine databases were searched (1st January 2010 to 30th September 2021) to identify guidelines informing the non-pharmacological management of osteoarthritis. Three reviewers appraised guidelines according to the AGREE II instrument, and independently extracted data on their characteristics. One author extracted and summarised guideline recommendations on weight management. This systematic review is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021274195).ResultsFifteen CPGs from developed and developing countries were included. Weight loss was recommended for knee (12 of 13 guidelines) and hip (10 of 11 guidelines) but not hand osteoarthritis (0 of 4 guidelines). Combination approaches of diet and/or exercise were recommended for overweight or obese individuals (knee: 8 of 12; hip: 4 of 10), with 2 guidelines specifying ≥5% weight loss for knee and hip osteoarthritis. One of 15 guidelines specified strategies for weight loss and maintenance of lost weight. Two of 15 guidelines recommended controlling body weight for osteoarthritis, regardless of obesity status.ConclusionMost CPGs for knee and hip osteoarthritis include recommendations for weight loss in those with overweight or obesity as key to managing osteoarthritis, despite evidence of modest at best effect of weight loss on symptoms and no effect on joint structure1,2. Given obesity is a major risk factors for osteoarthritis, the prevention of weight gain may be more effective and practical in improving clinical outcomes for osteoarthritis, and hence should be considered as part of the key management in osteoarthritis.References[1]Chu IJH, Lim AYT, Ng CLW. Effects of meaningful weight loss beyond symptomatic relief in adults with knee osteoarthritis and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2018;19(11):1597-1607.[2]Daugaard CL, Hangaard S, Bartels EM, Gudbergsen H, Christensen R, Bliddal H, et al. The effects of weight loss on imaging outcomes in osteoarthritis of the hip or knee in people who are overweight or obese: a systematic review. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2020;28(1):10-21.[3]Tanamas SK, Wluka AE, Davies-Tuck M, Wang Y, Strauss BJ, Proietto J, et al. Association of weight gain with incident knee pain, stiffness, and functional difficulties: a longitudinal study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2013;65(1):34-43.[4]Teichtahl AJ, Wluka AE, Tanamas SK, Wang Y, Strauss BJ, Proietto J, et al. Weight change and change in tibial cartilage volume and symptoms in obese adults. Annals of the rheumatic diseases. 2015;74(6):1024-1029.[5]Zheng Y, Manson JE, Yuan C, Liang MH, Grodstein F, Stampfer MJ, et al. Associations of Weight Gain From Early to Middle Adulthood With Major Health Outcomes Later in Life. JAMA. 2017;318(3):255-269.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Lim Y, Wang Y, Estee M, Abidi J, Udaya Kumar M, Hussain SM, Wluka A, Little C, Cicuttini F. POS1118 METFORMIN AS A POTENTIAL DISEASE-MODIFYING DRUG IN OSTEOARTHRITIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PRE-CLINICAL AND HUMAN STUDIES. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundOsteoarthritis causes significant pain and disability with no approved disease-modifying drugs. There is evidence emerging from pre-clinical and human studies suggesting metformin may have disease-modifying properties in osteoarthritis1-5. Given its pleiotropic effects and safety profile, metformin has the potential to be a novel therapy for osteoarthritis.ObjectivesWe systematically reviewed the evidence from both pre-clinical and human studies for the potential disease-modifying effect of metformin in osteoarthritis.MethodsOvid Medline, Embase and CINAHL were searched between inception and June 2021 using MeSH terms and key words to identify studies examining the association between metformin use and outcome measures related to osteoarthritis. Two reviewers performed the risk of bias assessment and 3 reviewers extracted data independently. Qualitative evidence synthesis was performed. This systematic review is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021261052 and CRD42021261060).ResultsFifteen (10 pre-clinical and 5 human) studies were included. Most studies (10 pre-clinical and 3 human) assessed the effect of metformin using knee osteoarthritis models. In pre-clinical studies, metformin was assessed for the effect on structural outcomes (n=10); immunomodulation (n=5); pain (n=4); and molecular pathways of its effect in osteoarthritis (n=7). For human studies, metformin was evaluated for the effect on structural progression (n=3); pain (n=1); and immunomodulation (n=1). Overall, pre-clinical studies consistently showed metformin having a chondroprotective, immunomodulatory and analgesic effect in osteoarthritis, predominantly mediated by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation. Evidence from human studies, although limited, was consistent with findings in pre-clinical studies.ConclusionWe found consistent evidence across pre-clinical and human studies to support a favourable effect of metformin on chondroprotection, immunomodulation and pain reduction in knee osteoarthritis. Further high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings as metformin could be a novel therapeutic drug for the treatment of osteoarthritis.References[1]Li H, Ding X, Terkeltaub R, Lin H, Zhang Y, Zhou B, et al. Exploration of metformin as novel therapy for osteoarthritis: preventing cartilage degeneration and reducing pain behavior. Arthritis Res Ther. 2020;22(1):34.[2]Li J, Zhang B, Liu WX, Lu K, Pan H, Wang T, et al. Metformin limits osteoarthritis development and progression through activation of AMPK signalling. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(5):635-645.[3]Na HS, Kwon JY, Lee SY, Lee SH, Lee AR, Woo JS, et al. Metformin Attenuates Monosodium-Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis via Regulation of Pain Mediators and the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway. Cells. 2021;10(3).[4]Lu CH, Chung CH, Lee CH, Hsieh CH, Hung YJ, Lin FH, et al. Combination COX-2 inhibitor and metformin attenuate rate of joint replacement in osteoarthritis with diabetes: A nationwide, retrospective, matched-cohort study in Taiwan. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource]. 2018;13(1):e0191242.[5]Wang Y, Hussain SM, Wluka AE, Lim YZ, Abram F, Pelletier JP, et al. Association between metformin use and disease progression in obese people with knee osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative-a prospective cohort study. Arthritis research & therapy. 2019;21(1):127.Disclosure of InterestsYuan Lim: None declared, Yuanyuan Wang: None declared, Mahnuma Estee: None declared, Jawad Abidi: None declared, Maushmi Udaya Kumar: None declared, Sultana Monira Hussain: None declared, Anita Wluka: None declared, Christopher Little Grant/research support from: CBL receives research funding from pharmaceutical companies (Fidia Farmaceutici, Cynata Therapeutics, Ceva Animal Health Pty Ltd and Regeneus Pty Ltd) to investigate efficacy of novel osteoarthritis therapeutics in pre-clinical models, through specific services/testing-contract research agreements between and managed by The University of Sydney or the Northern Sydney Local Health District, Flavia Cicuttini: None declared
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Mustafah AM, Khairunniza-Bejo S, Lim Y. The development of an automatic rubber seed sowing system with machine vision assistance. J RUBBER RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42464-022-00153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Darmawan CC, Ohn J, Mun J, Kim S, Lim Y, Jo SJ, Kim Y, Kim B, Seong M, Kim BJ, Lee C, Kwak Y, Chung HJ, Virós A, Lee D. Diagnosis and treatment of nail melanoma: A review of the clinicopathologic, dermoscopic, and genetic characteristics. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:651-660. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. C. Darmawan
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University College of Medicine 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
- Institute of Human‐Environment Interface Biology Seoul National University 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - J. Ohn
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University College of Medicine 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
- Institute of Human‐Environment Interface Biology Seoul National University 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - J.‐H. Mun
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University College of Medicine 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
- Institute of Human‐Environment Interface Biology Seoul National University 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University Hospital 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
- Skin Cancer/Chemotherapy Skin Care Center Seoul National University Cancer Hospital 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - S. Kim
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University Hospital 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - Y. Lim
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University Hospital 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
- Skin Cancer/Chemotherapy Skin Care Center Seoul National University Cancer Hospital 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - S. J. Jo
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University College of Medicine 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
- Institute of Human‐Environment Interface Biology Seoul National University 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University Hospital 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
- Skin Cancer/Chemotherapy Skin Care Center Seoul National University Cancer Hospital 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - Y.‐g. Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Green Cross Genomic Laboratories 107 Ihyeonro 30beon‐gil Giheng‐gu Yongin‐Si Gyeonggi‐do 16924 Korea
| | - B. Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - M.‐W. Seong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - B. J. Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Seoul National University College of Medicine 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - C. Lee
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University College of Medicine 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - Y. Kwak
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University College of Medicine 101 Daehak‐ro, Jongno‐gu Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - H. J. Chung
- Department of Dermatology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA
| | - A. Virós
- Skin Cancer and Ageing Lab Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute The University of Manchester Manchester SK10 4TG UK
| | - D.Y. Lee
- Department of Dermatology Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University 81 Irwon‐Ro, Gangnam‐gu Seoul 06351 Korea
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Ha J, Jeong C, Han KD, Lim Y, Kim MK, Kwon HS, Song KH, Kang MI, Baek KH. Comparison of fracture risk between type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a comprehensive real-world data. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:2543-2553. [PMID: 34333678 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Population-based cohort study of 6,548,784 Korean subjects demonstrates that the risk of fracture was higher in patients with diabetes than in nondiabetic subjects. Furthermore, patients with type 1 diabetes were associated with a higher risk of fracture than patients with type 2 diabetes for all measurement sites. INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased fracture risk. Although the pathophysiologic effect on bone metabolism differs according to the type of diabetes, a higher risk of fracture in patients with diabetes than in nondiabetic patients has been consistently demonstrated. Considering the ever-increasing number of patients with diabetes, we aimed to provide updated information on whether this phenomenon remains valid in real-world settings by using large-scale population datasets. METHODS We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service dataset of preventive health check-ups between January 2009 and December 2016. The hazard ratios were calculated for any fracture, vertebral fracture, and hip fracture and were analyzed according to the presence and type of diabetes. Among 10,585,818 subjects, 6,548,784 were eligible for the analysis (2418 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus [T1DM] and 506,208 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]). RESULTS The mean follow-up duration (in years) was 7.0 ± 1.3 for subjects without diabetes, 6.4 ± 2.0 for those with T1DM, and 6.7 ± 1.7 for T2DM. Patients with T1DM had a higher incidence rate for all types of fractures per 1000 person-years. The fully adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for any fracture, vertebral fracture, and hip fracture were higher in T1DM than in T2DM (1.37 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23-1.52] for any fracture, 1.33 [95% CI: 1.09-1.63] for vertebral fracture, and 1.99 [95% CI: 1.56-2.53] for hip fracture). CONCLUSIONS In this large-scale population analysis, diabetes was associated with a higher risk of all types of fractures. Patients with T1DM had a higher risk of fracture than those with T2DM for all measurement sites, and hip fractures had the highest risk. Therefore, fracture prevention training for patients with diabetes is advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ha
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C Jeong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-D Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Lim
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - M K Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Kwon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-H Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M I Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-H Baek
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Whitehead TR, Lim Y, Holt JW. Global Microscopic Description of Nucleon-Nucleus Scattering with Quantified Uncertainties. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:182502. [PMID: 34767381 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.182502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We develop for the first time a microscopic global nucleon-nucleus optical potential with quantified uncertainties suitable for analyzing nuclear reaction experiments at next-generation rare-isotope beam facilities. Within the improved local density approximation and without any adjustable parameters, we begin by computing proton-nucleus and neutron-nucleus optical potentials from a set of five nuclear forces from chiral effective field theory for 1800 target nuclei in the mass range 12≤A≤242 for energies between 0 MeV<E≲150 MeV. We then parameterize a global optical potential for each chiral force that depends smoothly on the projectile energy as well as the target nucleus mass number and isospin asymmetry. Uncertainty bands for elastic scattering observables are generated from a full covariance analysis of the parameters entering in the description of our global optical potential and benchmarked against existing experimental data for stable target nuclei. Since our approach is purely microscopic, we anticipate a similar quality of the model for nucleon scattering on unstable isotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Whitehead
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Y Lim
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - J W Holt
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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Kim G, Jeon H, Park SK, Choi YS, Lim Y. A Care Knowledge Management System Based on an Ontological Model of Caring for People With Dementia: Knowledge Representation and Development Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25968. [PMID: 34100762 PMCID: PMC8262671 DOI: 10.2196/25968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers of people with dementia find it extremely difficult to choose the best care method because of complex environments and the variable symptoms of dementia. To alleviate this care burden, interventions have been proposed that use computer- or web-based applications. For example, an automatic diagnosis of the condition can improve the well-being of both the person with dementia and the caregiver. Other interventions support the individual with dementia in living independently. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop an ontology-based care knowledge management system for people with dementia that will provide caregivers with a care guide suited to the environment and to the individual patient's symptoms. This should also enable knowledge sharing among caregivers. METHODS To build the care knowledge model, we reviewed existing ontologies that contain concepts and knowledge descriptions relating to the care of those with dementia, and we considered dementia care manuals. The basic concepts of the care ontology were confirmed by experts in Korea. To infer the different care methods required for the individual dementia patient, the reasoning rules as defined in Semantic Web Rule Languages and Prolog were utilized. The accuracy of the care knowledge in the ontological model and the usability of the proposed system were evaluated by using the Pellet reasoner and OntOlogy Pitfall Scanner!, and a survey and interviews were conducted with caregivers working in care centers in Korea. RESULTS The care knowledge model contains six top-level concepts: care knowledge, task, assessment, person, environment, and medical knowledge. Based on this ontological model of dementia care, caregivers at a dementia care facility in Korea were able to access the care knowledge easily through a graphical user interface. The evaluation by the care experts showed that the system contained accurate care knowledge and a level of assessment comparable to normal assessment tools. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we developed a care knowledge system that can provide caregivers with care guides suited to individuals with dementia. We anticipate that the system could reduce the workload of caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyungha Kim
- The Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Carbon & Light Materials Application Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwawoo Jeon
- The Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kee Park
- The Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Suk Choi
- Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseob Lim
- The Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Baek SC, Chung JH, Lim Y. Implementation of an Online Auditory Attention Detection Model with Electroencephalography in a Dichotomous Listening Experiment. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21020531. [PMID: 33451041 PMCID: PMC7828508 DOI: 10.3390/s21020531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Auditory attention detection (AAD) is the tracking of a sound source to which a listener is attending based on neural signals. Despite expectation for the applicability of AAD in real-life, most AAD research has been conducted on recorded electroencephalograms (EEGs), which is far from online implementation. In the present study, we attempted to propose an online AAD model and to implement it on a streaming EEG. The proposed model was devised by introducing a sliding window into the linear decoder model and was simulated using two datasets obtained from separate experiments to evaluate the feasibility. After simulation, the online model was constructed and evaluated based on the streaming EEG of an individual, acquired during a dichotomous listening experiment. Our model was able to detect the transient direction of a participant's attention on the order of one second during the experiment and showed up to 70% average detection accuracy. We expect that the proposed online model could be applied to develop adaptive hearing aids or neurofeedback training for auditory attention and speech perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Cheol Baek
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Robot Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea;
| | - Jae Ho Chung
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Robot Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea;
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.C.); (Y.L.); Tel.: +82-2-31-560-2298 (J.H.C.); +82-2-958-6641 (Y.L.)
| | - Yoonseob Lim
- Center for Intelligent & Interactive Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Robot Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea;
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.C.); (Y.L.); Tel.: +82-2-31-560-2298 (J.H.C.); +82-2-958-6641 (Y.L.)
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Choi Y, Sung K, Dong K, Kim H, Lee Y, Lim Y. PO-1309: Dosimetric Impact of Respiratory Motion in IMRT for breast cancer: 3D-Printed Dynamic Phantom Study. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a care guide system for caregivers of People with Dementia (PwD) at home or care facility. The system is composed of context data manager, ontological model of caring PwD, and reasoning system that adaptively generates care guides in various circumstances. Caregivers can utilize the proposed system by managing care knowledge through graphical user interface or inquire a care guide through smartphone application for text-based chatting. Knowledge models implemented in the proposed system were evaluated by the experts in caring people with dementia.
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26
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Hornick N, Wang A, Lim Y, Gehlhausen J, Siegel J, Wang J, Foss F, Lim I, Zubek A, Milstone L, Galan A, King B, Damsky W. Development or worsening of sarcoidosis associated with IL-17 blockade for psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e583-e585. [PMID: 32277505 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Hornick
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Y Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Gehlhausen
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Siegel
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - F Foss
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - I Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A Zubek
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - L Milstone
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A Galan
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - B King
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - W Damsky
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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27
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Wang A, Hornick N, Lim Y, Gehlhausen J, Siegel J, Wang J, Foss F, Lim I, Zubek A, Milstone L, Galan A, King B, Damsky W. Interleukin-17 blockade downregulates NOD2 in skin and may promote paradoxical sarcoidosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e497-e499. [PMID: 32249470 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - N Hornick
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Y Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Gehlhausen
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Siegel
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - F Foss
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - I Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A Zubek
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - L Milstone
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A Galan
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - B King
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - W Damsky
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Abstract
In this paper, we have designed an ontology-based knowledge system for caring person with dementia at home or care facility. Proposed system contains an ontology that describes the knowledge of dementia patient, dementia symptoms, indoor environment, qualitative things and various patient's situation happening during daily life. We first describe the overall system architecture of the proposed system targeting at supporting caregivers or family members that can provide appropriate care guides for distinct symptoms of a dementia patient. We have tested the feasibility of the proposed system with two different prototypal application systems: robot platform and knowledge sharing system.
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29
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Kim Y, Kim D, Lee K, Lim Y, Nam D. Preclinical in vivo screening to predict responder patients depend on EGFR status. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz268.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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30
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Lee E, Lee J, Hur M, Park HY, Yum H, Nam H, Oh MY, Choi H, Kim J, Cho B, Lim Y, Won J. MG1124, a novel CEACAM1-targeted monoclonal antibody, has therapeutic potential as a combination partner of PD-1 inhibitors in NSCLC patients. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz253.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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Kim I, Park J, Lee J, Kim D, Lim Y. OC-0151 Radiation and PI3K-αδ inhibitor enhanced anti-tumor effect of PD-1 blockade in syngeneic tumor model. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)30571-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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32
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Lim Y, Goel S, Brimacombe JR. The ProSeal™ Laryngeal Mask Airway is an Effective Alternative to Laryngoscope-Guided Tracheal Intubation for Gynaecological Laparoscopy. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 35:52-6. [PMID: 17323666 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0703500106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that the ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway is superior to laryngoscope-guided tracheal intubation for gynaecological laparoscopy. One-hundred and eighty consecutive patients (ASA grade 1-2, aged 18-80y) were divided into two equal-sized groups for airway management with the ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway or tracheal tube. Induction was with fentanyl/propofol, maintenance with sevoflurane and muscle relaxation with atracurium. The following primary variables were tested: time to achieve an effective airway, ventilatory capability, peak airway pressure before and after pneumoperitoneum, duration of surgery and pneumoperitoneum and haemodynamic responses. Data about gastric size, airway trauma and sore throat were collected. The number of attempts for successful insertion were similar, but effective airway time was shorter for the ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway (20±2s vs 37±3s, P<0.001). All devices were successfully inserted within three attempts. There was no episode of failed ventilation or hypoxia. The haemodynamic stress responses to insertion and removal were greater for the tracheal tube than the ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway. The duration of surgery, duration of pneumoperitoneum and intraabdominal pressures were similar. Gastric size was similar at the start and end of surgery. There were no differences in the frequency of complications or sore throat. We conclude that the ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway is a similarly effective airway device to conventional laryngoscope-guided tracheal intubation for gynaecological laparoscopy, but is more rapidly inserted and associated with an attenuated haemodynamic response to insertion and removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lim
- Department of Women's Anaesthesia, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
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33
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Sng BL, Sia ATH, Lim Y, Woo D, Ocampo C. Comparison of Computer-integrated Patient-controlled Epidural Analgesia and Patient-controlled Epidural Analgesia with a Basal Infusion for Labour and Delivery. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 37:46-53. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0903700119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. L. Sng
- Department of Women's Anaesthesia, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - A. T. H. Sia
- Department of Women's Anaesthesia, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Y. Lim
- Department of Women's Anaesthesia, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - D. Woo
- Department of Women's Anaesthesia, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - C. Ocampo
- Department of Women's Anaesthesia, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
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34
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Ng SY, Teoh WHL, Lim Y, Cheong VG. Comparison of the AMBU® Laryngeal Mask and the LMA Classic in Anaesthetised, Spontaneously Breathing Patients. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 35:57-61. [PMID: 17323667 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0703500107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There may be a role for single-use laryngeal mask airways with concerns about inability to adequately sterilise laryngeal mask airways to eradicate prion proteins. A single-blinded prospective randomised controlled trial was conducted to compare the clinical performance of the single-use AMBU®LMA with the reuseable LMA Classic. There was no difference in time to insertion, successful insertion at first attempt, oropharyngeal leak pressure, haemodynamic response to insertion or complications of placement. The AMBU®LMA was easier to insert. There was a suggestion of reduced postoperative sore throat and pharyngeal trauma for the AMBU® LMA group. The AMBU®LMA is a viable alternative to the LMA Classic for airway management in spontaneously breathing patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Ng
- Department of Women's Anaesthesia, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
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35
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Lim Y, Yeo SW. A Comparison of the GlideScope® with the Macintosh Laryngoscope for Tracheal Intubation in Patients with Simulated Difficult Airway. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 33:243-7. [PMID: 15960409 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0503300215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We compared the use of the GlideScope® and the conventional Macintosh laryngoscope in a simulated difficult airway. The primary hypothesis was that time to intubation would be shorter using the GlideScope® than using the Macintosh laryngoscope. After obtaining approval from the ethics committee and written informed consent, we recruited 60 ASA 1 and 2 patients to our randomized controlled trial. Group G (n=30) had tracheal intubation performed using the GlideScope® and Group M (n=30) were intubated using a Macintosh laryngoscope. We simulated a difficult airway in each patient by having an experienced assistant provide in-line manual stabilization of the head and neck. We recorded the best laryngeal view; difficulty of the tracheal intubation; time taken for successful tracheal intubation; manoeuvre needed to aid tracheal intubation and complications associated with the tracheal intubation. The median Cormack and Lehane grade was significantly better in Group G than Group M. Group G had a significantly shorter intubation time than group M (mean 41.8s±SD 20.2 vs mean 56.2s±26.6, P<0.05). The GlideScope® improved the laryngeal view and decreased time for tracheal intubation time when compared with the Macintosh laryngoscope in patients with simulated difficult airway. The GlideScope® may be a good alternative for managing the difficult airway but clinical trials evaluating its use on patients with an actual difficult airway are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lim
- Department of Anaesthesia, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
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36
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Kim K, Kang S, Kim W, Park C, Lee D, Cho H, Kang W, Park S, Kim G, Lim H, Lee H, Park J, Jeon D, Lim Y, Woo T, Oh J. A new software scheme for scatter correction based on a simple radiographic scattering model. Med Biol Eng Comput 2018; 57:489-503. [PMID: 30232700 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-018-1893-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In common radiography, image contrast is often limited due mainly to scattered x-rays and noise, decreasing the quantitative usefulness of x-ray images. Several scatter reduction methods based on software correction schemes have been extensively investigated in an attempt to overcome these difficulties, most of which are based on measurement, mathematical-physical modeling, or a combination of both. However, those methods require special equipment, system geometry, and extra manual work to measure scatter characteristics. In this study, we investigated a new software scheme for scatter correction based on a simple radiographic scattering model where the intensity of the scattered x-rays was directly estimated from a single x-ray image using a weighted l1-norm contextual regularization framework. We implemented the proposed algorithm and performed a systematic simulation and experiment to demonstrate its viability. We also conducted some clinical image studies using patient's image data of breast and L-spine to verify the clinical effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Our results indicate that the degradation of image characteristics by scattered x-rays and noise was effectively recovered by using the proposed software scheme, thus improving radiographic visibility considerably. Graphical abstract The schematic illustrations of scatter suppression methods by using a an antiscatter grid and b a scatter estimation algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kim
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - S Kang
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - W Kim
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - C Park
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - D Lee
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - H Cho
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea.
| | - W Kang
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - S Park
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - G Kim
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - H Lim
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - H Lee
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - J Park
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - D Jeon
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - Y Lim
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - T Woo
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - J Oh
- Division of Convergence Technology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, South Korea
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Lim Y, Lu Y, Mirza H, Zhou J, Hu R, Choate K. 832 Mechanisms of spontaneous genetic reversion in ichthyosis with confetti. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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de Zambotti M, Goldstone A, Baker F, Claudatos S, Gil M, Alschuler V, Lim Y, Rosas L, Prouty D, Colrain I. 0141 Effect of Evening Alcohol Intake on Polysomnographic Sleep in Healthy Adults. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - F Baker
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | | | - M Gil
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | | | - Y Lim
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | - L Rosas
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | - D Prouty
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
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Goldstone A, Willoughby AR, de Zambotti M, Franzen PL, Sullivan EV, Kardos LM, Claudatos SA, Rosas L, Alschuler VR, Lim Y, Gil M, Hasler BP, Clark DB, Colrain IM, Baker FC. 0257 Age-related Differences in Sleep Spindles and Their Association with Episodic Memory in Adolescents. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Goldstone
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | - A R Willoughby
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | - M de Zambotti
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | - P L Franzen
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - E V Sullivan
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - L M Kardos
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | - S A Claudatos
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | - L Rosas
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | - V R Alschuler
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | - Y Lim
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | - M Gil
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
| | - B P Hasler
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - D B Clark
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - I M Colrain
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
| | - F C Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
- Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, SOUTH AFRICA
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Kwon MR, Shin JH, Hahn SY, Oh YL, Kwak JY, Lee E, Lim Y. Histogram analysis of greyscale sonograms to differentiate between the subtypes of follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer. Clin Radiol 2018; 73:591.e1-591.e7. [PMID: 29317047 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of histogram analysis using ultrasound (US) to differentiate between the subtypes of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study included 151 patients with surgically confirmed FVPTC diagnosed between January 2014 and May 2016. Their preoperative US features were reviewed retrospectively. Histogram parameters (mean, maximum, minimum, range, root mean square, skewness, kurtosis, energy, entropy, and correlation) were obtained for each nodule. RESULTS The 152 nodules in 151 patients comprised 48 non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTPs; 31.6%), 60 invasive encapsulated FVPTCs (EFVPTCs; 39.5%), and 44 infiltrative FVPTCs (28.9%). The US features differed significantly between the subtypes of FVPTC. Discrimination was achieved between NIFTPs and infiltrative FVPTC, and between invasive EFVPTC and infiltrative FVPTC using histogram parameters; however, the parameters were not significantly different between NIFTP and invasive EFVPTC. CONCLUSION It is feasible to use greyscale histogram analysis to differentiate between NIFTP and infiltrative FVPTC, but not between NIFTP and invasive EFVPTC. Histograms can be used as a supplementary tool to differentiate the subtypes of FVPTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-R Kwon
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Shin
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - S Y Hahn
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y L Oh
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Y Kwak
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - E Lee
- Department of Computational Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y Lim
- Department of Applied Statistics, Chung-Ang University, 221, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea
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Lim Y. SUBJECTIVE MEMORY, MUSCLE STRENGTH, AND SELF-PERCEIVED HEALTH AMONG COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.3006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Lim
- Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea (the Republic of)
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Lim Y, Smith J. Treatment of newly diagnosed central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma patients based on co-morbidities & performance status: A single-centre experience. Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2439_104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Lim
- Haematology; Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Liverpool UK
| | - J. Smith
- Haematology; Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Liverpool UK
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Theodosakis N, Levinsohn J, Lim Y, Paller A, Sugarman J, Choate K. 497 Genetic investigation of linear inflammatory disorders. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Choi N, Lee S, Lim Y, Eom K, Kang E, Kim E, Kim Y, Kim J, Park S, Kim I. PO-0654: Failure Patterns of Luminal B Breast Cancer Following Postoperative Adjuvant Radiation Therapy. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kim C, Nam D, Kong D, Kang S, Jang J, Kim J, Lim Y, Koh Y, Chung Y, Kim J. OS09.7 Phase III radomized trial of autologous cytokine-induced killer cell immunotherapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma in Korea. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lim Y, Jo K, Ha HS, Yim HW, Yoon KH, Lee WC, Son HY, Baek KH, Kang MI. The prevalence of osteoporosis and the rate of bone loss in Korean adults: the Chungju metabolic disease cohort (CMC) study. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:1453-1459. [PMID: 28083665 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3893-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Because the rate of bone loss is an important risk factor for fracture, we studied longitudinal changes in bone mineral density (BMD). Although the BMD of the hip decreased over time, spine BMD remained largely stable or increased. Therefore, spine BMD may not be appropriate for assessing BMD change. INTRODUCTION The rate of age-dependent bone loss has been shown to be an important risk factor for fracture. However, longitudinal rates of BMD loss in Korea have not yet been reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate longitudinal changes in BMD in Korea. METHODS This cohort study was performed in a population of individuals 40 years of age or older living in the rural area of Chungju City, Korea. A second BMD examination was conducted approximately 4 years after a baseline examination. A total of 3755 of the 6007 subjects completed the follow-up visit, corresponding to a follow-up rate of 62.51%. RESULTS The age-standardized osteoporosis prevalence was 12.81% in males and 44.35% in females. In males, the average annual BMD loss at the total hip increased from -0.25% per year in their 40s to -1.12% per year in their 80s. In females, the average annual BMD loss at the total hip increased from -0.69% per year in their 40s to -1.51% per year in their 80s. However, the average annual percentage change in spine BMD in females increased from -0.91% per year in their 40s to +1.39% per year in their 80s. CONCLUSIONS A substantial number of subjects had osteoporosis, even though we standardized the prevalence of osteoporosis. In total hip, the mean BMD was decreased during the follow-up period; in addition, the annual percentage loss increased with age. However, spine BMD remained approximately stable or increased over time and therefore may not be appropriate for assessing BMD change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea
| | - K Jo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea
| | - H-S Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea
| | - H-W Yim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea
- Clinical Research Coordinating Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea
| | - K-H Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea
| | - W-C Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea
| | - H-Y Son
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea
| | - K H Baek
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea.
| | - M-I Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea.
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Kim Y, Lee N, Lim Y. Gender differences in the association of smartphone addiction with food group consumption among Korean adolescents. Public Health 2017; 145:132-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Dawar S, Lim Y, Puccini J, White M, Thomas P, Bouchier-Hayes L, Green DR, Dorstyn L, Kumar S. Caspase-2-mediated cell death is required for deleting aneuploid cells. Oncogene 2016; 36:2704-2714. [PMID: 27991927 PMCID: PMC5442422 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Caspase-2, one of the most evolutionarily conserved of the caspase family, has been implicated in maintenance of chromosomal stability and tumour suppression. Caspase-2 deficient (Casp2−/−) mice develop normally but show premature ageing-related traits and when challenged by certain stressors, succumb to enhanced tumour development and aneuploidy. To test how caspase-2 protects against chromosomal instability, we utilized an ex vivo system for aneuploidy where primary splenocytes from Casp2−/− mice were exposed to anti-mitotic drugs and followed up by live cell imaging. Our data show that caspase-2 is required for deleting mitotically aberrant cells. Acute silencing of caspase-2 in cultured human cells recapitulated these results. We further generated Casp2C320S mutant mice to demonstrate that caspase-2 catalytic activity is essential for its function in limiting aneuploidy. Our results provide direct evidence that the apoptotic activity of caspase-2 is necessary for deleting cells with mitotic aberrations to limit aneuploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dawar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Y Lim
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - J Puccini
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Medicine, New York University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - M White
- SA Genome Editing Facility, School of Biological Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - P Thomas
- SA Genome Editing Facility, School of Biological Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - L Bouchier-Hayes
- Department of Pediatrics-Hematology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D R Green
- Immunology Department, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - L Dorstyn
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - S Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Abstract
This study examines how temporally patterned stimuli are transformed as they propagate from primary to secondary zones in the thalamorecipient auditory pallium in zebra finches. Using a new class of synthetic click stimuli, we find a robust mapping from temporal sequences in the primary zone to distinct population vectors in secondary auditory areas. We tested whether songbirds could discriminate synthetic click sequences in an operant setup and found that a robust behavioral discrimination is present for click sequences composed of intervals ranging from 11 ms to 40 ms, but breaks down for stimuli composed of longer inter-click intervals. This work suggests that the analog of the songbird auditory cortex transforms temporal patterns to sequence-selective population responses or 'spatial codes', and that these distinct population responses contribute to behavioral discrimination of temporally complex sounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonseob Lim
- Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University, Boston, United States
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care System for Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ryan Lagoy
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, United States
| | | | - Timothy J Gardner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, United States
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, United States
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Abstract
Consider a network of nodes (switches) and connecting links. Each link consists of a group of channels (trunks). A call instantaneously seizes channels along a route between the originating and terminating node, holds them for a randomly distributed length of time and frees them instantaneously at the end of the call. If no channels are available, the call is blocked. For special networks with exponential call holding times, Erlang has shown that the steady-state probabilities are in product form. In this paper, we extend this work to general networks and show that if for each pair of nodes there is a unique route, then the blocking probabilities are in product form and are insensitive to the call holding-time distribution, which means that they depend on the call duration only through its mean.
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