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Yen YT, Park JH, Kang SH, Su T, Cheng H, Wen WC, Lin SS, Tai YL, Chen PN, Tsai SC. Clinical Benefits of Golden-Antrodia Camphorata Containing Antroquinonol in Liver Protection and Liver Fat Reduction After Alcoholic Hepatitis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:757494. [PMID: 35800453 PMCID: PMC9253287 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.757494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: It has been reported that antroquinonol extracted from Golden-Antrodia camphorate exerts protective effects on liver function both in vitro and in vivo. However, the protective effects of Golden-Antrodia camphorata on liver function have not been fully investigated in human clinical studies. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of Golden-Antrodia camphorata on hepatic function after alcohol consumption in human subjects. Methods: A total of 80 participants with increased γ-glutamyl transferase levels (60–180 U/L) were enrolled in the current study and were randomly divided into two groups. Participants in the first group were orally administrated with 300 mg/day Golden-Antrodia camphorata (tablets), while those in the second group received placebo tablets for 12 weeks. Biochemical routine blood tests were performed at 6 and 12 weeks following the first administration. Results: At 12 weeks post the first Golden-Antrodia camphorata administration, the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST; p < 0.0001), alanine aminotransferase (ALT; p = 0.0002) and triglyceride (p = 0.0158) were notably declined in the Golden-Antrodia camphorata treatment group compared with the placebo group. No clinically significant differences were observed between the Golden-Antrodia camphorata treatment and placebo groups in terms of general safety parameters. Conclusion: A statistically significant difference was obtained in the serum levels of AST, ALT and triglycerides between the Golden-Antrodia camphorata and placebo groups. However, no clinical significance was observed in any of the safety parameters examined. Overall, these findings indicated that treatment with Golden-Antrodia camphorata exerted protective effects on liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Yen
- Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Joo-Hyun Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kang
- Clinical Research Center of H PLUS Yangji Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Today Su
- Golden Biotechnology Corporation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Howard Cheng
- Golden Biotechnology Corporation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Che Wen
- Golden Biotechnology Corporation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Shiou Lin
- Golden Biotechnology Corporation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Tai
- Golden Biotechnology Corporation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ni Chen
- Golden Biotechnology Corporation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Pei-Ni Chen, ; Shih-Chang Tsai,
| | - Shih-Chang Tsai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Pei-Ni Chen, ; Shih-Chang Tsai,
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2
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Tai YL, Lin CJ, Li TK, Shen TL, Hsieh JT, Chen BPC. The role of extracellular vesicles in prostate cancer with clinical applications. Endocr Relat Cancer 2020; 27:R133-R144. [PMID: 32203935 DOI: 10.1530/erc-20-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In mammalian cells, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from the endosomal system carry many different kinds of bioactive molecule to deliver to recipient cells in a paracrine or endocrine manner. EVs can mediate local and systemic intercellular communications, including reeducating stromal cells, remodeling the architecture of the tumor microenvironment, modulating cancer metabolism and metastases, or even conferring drug resistance. Because the molecular and functional characteristics of prostate cancer (PCa) evolve over time, the bioactive molecule profiles/signatures of tumor-derived EVs (TDEs) reflect the real-time status of cancer cells. TDEs appear to be valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as potential therapeutic vehicles, suggesting their essential role in precision medicine of disease management. We summarized critical aspects of TDEs in PCa and discussed their potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Tai
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Lin
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Tsai-Kun Li
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Tsong Hsieh
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Benjamin P C Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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3
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Hung IC, Chen TM, Lin JP, Tai YL, Shen TL, Lee SJ. Correction to 'Wnt5b integrates Fak1a to mediate gastrulation cell movements via Rac1 and Cdc42'. Open Biol 2020; 10:200058. [PMID: 32183619 PMCID: PMC7125960 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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4
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Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) mediates vital cellular pathways during development. Despite its necessity, how FAK regulates and integrates with other signals during early embryogenesis remains poorly understood. We found that the loss of Fak1a impaired epiboly, convergent extension and hypoblast cell migration in zebrafish embryos. We also observed a clear disturbance in cortical actin at the blastoderm margin and distribution of yolk syncytial nuclei. In addition, we investigated a possible link between Fak1a and a well-known gastrulation regulator, Wnt5b, and revealed that the overexpression of fak1a or wnt5b could cross-rescue convergence defects induced by a wnt5b or fak1a antisense morpholino (MO), respectively. Wnt5b and Fak1a were shown to converge in regulating Rac1 and Cdc42, which could synergistically rescue wnt5b and fak1a morphant phenotypes. Furthermore, we generated several alleles of fak1a mutants using CRISPR/Cas9, but those mutants only revealed mild gastrulation defects. However, injection of a subthreshold level of the wnt5b MO induced severe gastrulation defects in fak1a mutants, which suggested that the upregulated expression of wnt5b might complement the loss of Fak1a. Collectively, we demonstrated that a functional interaction between Wnt and FAK signalling mediates gastrulation cell movements via the possible regulation of Rac1 and Cdc42 and subsequent actin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chen Hung
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ming Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Lin
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Tai
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Jye Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Systems Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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5
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Lin CJ, Yun EJ, Lo UG, Tai YL, Deng S, Hernandez E, Dang A, Chen YA, Saha D, Mu P, Lin H, Li TK, Shen TL, Lai CH, Hsieh JT. The paracrine induction of prostate cancer progression by caveolin-1. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:834. [PMID: 31685812 PMCID: PMC6828728 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) plays a critical role of cancer progression, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance. Many studies have indicated that castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is associated with stem cell phenotypes, which could further promote neuroendocrine transdifferentiation. Although only a small subset of genetically pre-programmed cells in each organ has stem cell capability, CSCs appear to be inducible among a heterogeneous cancer cell population. However, the inductive mechanism(s) leading to the emergence of these CSCs are not fully understood in CRPC. Tumor cells actively produce, release, and utilize exosomes to promote cancer development and metastasis, cancer immune evasion as well as chemotherapeutic resistance; the impact of tumor-derived exosomes (TDE) and its cargo on prostate cancer (PCa) development is still unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the presence of Cav-1 in TDE acts as a potent driver to induce CSC phenotypes and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in PCa undergoing neuroendocrine differentiation through NFκB signaling pathway. Furthermore, Cav-1 in mCRPC-derived exosomes is capable of inducing radio- and chemo-resistance in recipient cells. Collectively, these data support Cav-1 as a critical driver for mCRPC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jung Lin
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Eun-Jin Yun
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.,Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - U-Ging Lo
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yu-Ling Tai
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.,Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Su Deng
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hernandez
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Andrew Dang
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yu-An Chen
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Debabrata Saha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ping Mu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ho Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Kun Li
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ho Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Tsong Hsieh
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA. .,Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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6
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Wu PY, Yu IS, Lin YC, Chang YT, Chen CC, Lin KH, Tseng TH, Kargren M, Tai YL, Shen TL, Liu YL, Wang BJ, Chang CH, Chen WM, Juan HF, Huang SF, Chan YY, Liao YF, Hsu WM, Lee H. Activation of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor by Kynurenine Impairs Progression and Metastasis of Neuroblastoma. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5550-5562. [PMID: 31431462 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common malignant disease of infancy, and amplification of the MYCN oncogene is closely associated with poor prognosis. Recently, expression of MYCN was shown to be inversely correlated with aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) expression in neuroblastoma, and overexpression of AHR downregulated MYCN expression, promoting cell differentiation. Therefore, we further investigated the potential of AHR to serve as a prognostic indicator or a therapeutic target in neuroblastoma. First, the clinical significance of AHR in neuroblastoma was examined. Positive AHR immunostaining strongly correlated with differentiated histology of neuroblastoma and predicted better survival for patients. The mouse xenograft model showed that overexpression of AHR significantly suppressed neuroblastoma tumor growth. In addition, activation of AHR by the endogenous ligand kynurenine inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo. kynurenine treatment also upregulated the expression of KISS1, a tumor metastasis suppressor, and attenuated metastasis in the xenograft model. Finally, analysis of KISS1 levels in neuroblastoma patient tumors using the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform revealed that KISS1 expression positively correlated with AHR, and high KISS1 expression predicted better survival for patients. In conclusion, our results indicate that AHR is a novel prognostic biomarker for neuroblastoma, and that overexpression or activation of AHR offers a new therapeutic possibility for patients with neuroblastoma. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings show that AHR may function as a tumor suppressor in childhood neuroblastoma, potentially influencing the aetiologic and therapeutic targeting of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Wu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Shing Yu
- Laboratory Animal Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Chien Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tzu Chang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Tseng
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mati Kargren
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Tai
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology & Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology & Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Jeng Wang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hao Chang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Fen Juan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Feng Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yun Chan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Feng Liao
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ming Hsu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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7
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Tai YL, Chu PY, Lee BH, Chen KC, Yang CY, Kuo WH, Shen TL. Basics and applications of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:35. [PMID: 31078138 PMCID: PMC6511661 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0533-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated intercellular communication acts as a critical culprit in cancer development. The selective packaging of oncogenic molecules renders tumor-derived EVs capable of altering the tumor microenvironment and thereby modulating cancer developments that may contribute to drug resistance and cancer recurrence. Moreover, the molecular and functional characteristics of cancer through its development and posttreatment evolve over time. Tumor-derived EVs are profoundly involved in this process and can, therefore, provide valuable real-time information to reflect dynamic changes occurring within the body. Because they bear unique molecular profiles or signatures, tumor-derived EVs have been highlighted as valuable diagnostic and predictive biomarkers as well as novel therapeutic targets. In addition, the use of an advanced EV-based drug delivery system for cancer therapeutics has recently been emphasized in both basic and clinical studies. In this review, we highlight comprehensive aspects of tumor-derived EVs in oncogenic processes and their potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Tai
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Pei-Yu Chu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bao-Hong Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Chien Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Kuo
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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8
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Chu PY, Tai YL, Shen TL. Grb7, a Critical Mediator of EGFR/ErbB Signaling, in Cancer Development and as a Potential Therapeutic Target. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050435. [PMID: 31083325 PMCID: PMC6562560 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The partner of activated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), growth factor receptor bound protein-7 (Grb7), a functionally multidomain adaptor protein, has been demonstrated to be a pivotal regulator for varied physiological and pathological processes by interacting with phospho-tyrosine-related signaling molecules to affect the transmission through a number of signaling pathways. In particular, critical roles of Grb7 in erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog (ERBB) family-mediated cancer development and malignancy have been intensively evaluated. The overexpression of Grb7 or the coamplification/cooverexpression of Grb7 and members of the ERBB family play essential roles in advanced human cancers and are associated with decreased survival and recurrence of cancers, emphasizing Grb7's value as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target. Peptide inhibitors of Grb7 are being tested in preclinical trials for their possible therapeutic effects. Here, we review the molecular, functional, and clinical aspects of Grb7 in ERBB family-mediated cancer development and malignancy with the aim to reveal alternative and effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Chu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ling Tai
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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9
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Abstract
Exosomes participate in cancer progression and metastasis by transferring bioactive molecules between cancer and various cells in the local and distant microenvironments. Such intercellular cross‐talk results in changes in multiple cellular and biological functions in recipient cells. Several hallmarks of cancer have reportedly been impacted by this exosome‐mediated cell‐to‐cell communication, including modulating immune responses, reprogramming stromal cells, remodeling the architecture of the extracellular matrix, or even endowing cancer cells with characteristics of drug resistance. Selectively, loading specific oncogenic molecules into exosomes highlights exosomes as potential diagnostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets. In addition, exosome‐based drug delivery strategies in preclinical and clinical trials have been shown to dramatically decrease cancer development. In the present review, we summarize the significant aspects of exosomes in cancer development that can provide novel strategies for potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Tai
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology & Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ko-Chien Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology & Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Tsong Hsieh
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology & Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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10
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Tai YL, Tung LH, Lin YC, Lu PJ, Chu PY, Wang MY, Huang WP, Chen KC, Lee H, Shen TL. Grb7 Protein Stability Modulated by Pin1 in Association with Cell Cycle Progression. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163617. [PMID: 27658202 PMCID: PMC5033455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth factor receptor bound protein-7 (Grb7) is a multi-domain adaptor protein that is co-opted by numerous tyrosine kinases involved in various cellular signaling and functions. The molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of Grb7 remain unclear. Here, we revealed a novel negative post-translational regulation of Grb7 by the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase, Pin1. Our data show that phosphorylation of Grb7 protein on the Ser194-Pro motif by c-Jun N-terminal kinase facilitates its binding with the WW domain of Pin1. Subsequently, Grb7 is degraded by the ubiquitin- and proteasome-dependent proteolytic pathway. Indeed, we found that Pin1 exerts its peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase activity in the modulation of Grb7 protein stability in regulation of cell cycle progression at the G2-M phase. This study illustrates a novel regulatory mechanism in modulating Grb7-mediated signaling, which may take part in pathophysiological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Tai
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsuan Tung
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Lin
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jung Lu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Chu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Ming-Yang Wang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Pang Huang
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Chien Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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11
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Tai YL, Lai IR, Peng YJ, Ding ST, Shen TL. Activation of focal adhesion kinase through an interaction with β4 integrin contributes to tumorigenicity of colon cancer. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:1826-37. [PMID: 27178753 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
High expression of either β4 integrin or focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been reported in human colon cancer. However, it remains unclear how β4 integrin together with FAK contributes to the tumorigenicity of colon cancer. Here, we demonstrate that the co-overexpression of β4 integrin and FAK positively correlates with advanced stages of human colon cancer. Activated β4 integrin interacts with FAK and subsequently induces FAK phosphorylation at Tyr397. Furthermore, ablation of the β4 integrin/FAK complex and/or FAK activation impair colon cancer cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and tumorigenicity. Our data indicate that the β4 integrin/FAK complex and subsequent FAK activation are essential regulators during the tumorigenicity of colon cancer, and we suggest an alternative strategy for colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Tai
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Rue Lai
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Peng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Torng Ding
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Yang H, Wei CL, Liu HW, Wu JL, Li ZG, Zhang L, Jian JB, Li YY, Tai YL, Zhang J, Zhang ZZ, Jiang CJ, Xia T, Wan XC. Genetic Divergence between Camellia sinensis and Its Wild Relatives Revealed via Genome-Wide SNPs from RAD Sequencing. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151424. [PMID: 26962860 PMCID: PMC4786323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea is one of the most popular beverages across the world and is made exclusively from cultivars of Camellia sinensis. Many wild relatives of the genus Camellia that are closely related to C. sinensis are native to Southwest China. In this study, we first identified the distinct genetic divergence between C. sinensis and its wild relatives and provided a glimpse into the artificial selection of tea plants at a genome-wide level by analyzing 15,444 genomic SNPs that were identified from 18 cultivated and wild tea accessions using a high-throughput genome-wide restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) approach. Six distinct clusters were detected by phylogeny inferrence and principal component and genetic structural analyses, and these clusters corresponded to six Camellia species/varieties. Genetic divergence apparently indicated that C. taliensis var. bangwei is a semi-wild or transient landrace occupying a phylogenetic position between those wild and cultivated tea plants. Cultivated accessions exhibited greater heterozygosity than wild accessions, with the exception of C. taliensis var. bangwei. Thirteen genes with non-synonymous SNPs exhibited strong selective signals that were suggestive of putative artificial selective footprints for tea plants during domestication. The genome-wide SNPs provide a fundamental data resource for assessing genetic relationships, characterizing complex traits, comparing heterozygosity and analyzing putatitve artificial selection in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Chao-Ling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Hong-Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jun-Lan Wu
- School of Information & Computer, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zheng-Guo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | | | - Ye-Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yu-Ling Tai
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zheng-Zhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Chang-Jun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Tao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- * E-mail:
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Tai YL, Shen TL. Abstract LB-026: Pin1 negatively regulated Grb7 protein stability via the ubiquitin-proteasome cascade requires the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase activity of Pin1. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-lb-026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Growth factor receptor bound protein-7 (Grb7) is a multi-domain adaptor protein in cooperation with numerous tyrosine kinases to regulate various cellular signaling and functions. Although the regulatory mechanisms on the activation of Grb7 have been documented, the molecular mechanism governing Grb7 stability and its functional consequence is still not clearly understood. Here, we observed a novel negative regulatory mechanism of Grb7 by peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases Pin1 at the post-translational level. The Grb7 phosphorylation on the Ser194-Pro motif facilitated its binding to the WW domain of Pin1 and subsequently ubiquitination on Grb7, which, in turn, enhanced the process of proteosome-dependent proteolysis. Moreover, the interaction between Grb7 and Pin1 is dependent on the phosphorylation that is mediated by c-Jun N-terminal kinases MAPK. Both the phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro motif binding module and the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase activity of Pin1 is essentail for Pin1-mediated Grb7 ubiquitin-proteasome proteolysis. By contrast, inhibition of Pin by lentiviral-mediated gene silencing resulted in accumulation of Grb7 protein as well as prolonged Grb7 protein stability. A stable Grb7S194A mutant that cannot be bound to and modulated by Pin1 utilize its potential to influence cell cycle progression. Our finding revealed that the Pin1/Grb7 complex formation enables negatively regulating Grb7-mediated cell proliferation due to the influence of Grb7 protein stability.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting.
Citation Format: Yu-Ling Tai, Tang-Long Shen. Pin1 negatively regulated Grb7 protein stability via the ubiquitin-proteasome cascade requires the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase activity of Pin1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-026. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-LB-026
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Su SS, Zhang HM, Liu XY, Pan GF, Ling SP, Zhang XS, Yang XM, Tai YL, Yuan Y. Cloning and characterization of a farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase from Matricaria recutita L. and its upregulation by methyl jasmonate. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:349-61. [PMID: 25729967 DOI: 10.4238/2015.january.23.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Matricaria recutita (L.), commonly known as chamomile, is one of the most valuable medicinal plants because it synthesizes a large number of pharmacologically active secondary metabolites known as α-bisabolol and chamazulene. Although the plant has been well characterized in terms of chemical constituents of essential oil as well as pharmacological properties, little is known about the genes responsible for biosynthesis of these compounds. In this study, we report a new full-length cDNA encoding farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPS), a key enzyme in the pathway of biosynthesis of isoprenoids, from M. recutita. The cDNA of MrFPS comprises 1032 bp and encodes 343 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 39.4 kDa. The amino acid sequence homology and phylogenetic analysis indicated that MrFPS belongs to the plant FPS super-family and is closely related to FPS from the Asteraceae family. Expression of the MrFPS gene in Escherichia coli yielded FPS activity. Using real-time quantitative PCR, the expression pattern of the MrFPS gene was analyzed in different tissues of M. recutita as well as in response to methyl jasmonate. The expression analysis demonstrated that MrFPS expression varies in different tissues (with maximal expression in flowers and stems) and was significantly elevated in response to methyl jasmonate. This study will certainly enhance our understanding of the role of MrFPS in the biosynthesis and regulation of valuable secondary metabolites in M. recutita at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Su
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - H M Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - X Y Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - G F Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - S P Ling
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - X S Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - X M Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Y L Tai
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Y Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Tai YL, Shen TL. Abstract C44: Activation of focal adhesion kinase by direct interaction with β4 integrin in an EGFR-Src-dependent pathway in tumor progression. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.tim2013-c44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Although β4 integrin and FAK (focal adhesion kinase) are individually known to be associated with tumor progression, only recently have they been suggested to function in a signaling axis. Here, we demonstrate in vivo and in vitro physical and functional interactions between β4 integrin and FAK. An 11-amino acid motif of FAK was identified as essential for interaction with the cytodomain of β4 integrin in malignant cells but not in less malignant cells, implicating the role of this interaction in malignancies. Furthermore, this interaction occurs in an adhesion-dependent manner and results in autophosphorylation of FAK's Tyr-397. EGF signaling and Src activity were indispensable for this interaction. Finally, disruption of the β4 integrin/FAK complexes reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion as well as tumorigenesis, in concurrence with the decreases in phospho-Akt and phospho-p38. Together, our data elucidate an underlying mechanism for the regulation of tumor progression by the novel β4 integrin/FAK complexes through a physical interaction that is EGF/Src dependent. The significance of this finding is highlighted by often co-overexpression of both integrin β4 and FAK in patients' cancerous tissues with colon cancer revealed by immunohistochemistry analyses. Based on the structural prediction for the complex of integrin β4 and FAK, it may lead us to gain more insight on the anticancer therapies of aggressive cancers.
Citation Format: Yu-Ling Tai, Tang-Long Shen. Activation of focal adhesion kinase by direct interaction with β4 integrin in an EGFR-Src-dependent pathway in tumor progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr C44.
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Lin CE, Chen SU, Lin CC, Chang CH, Lin YC, Tai YL, Shen TL, Lee H. Lysophosphatidic acid enhances vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41096. [PMID: 22911748 PMCID: PMC3401111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical evidence suggests that lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis are important processes during the progression of prostate cancer. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C was shown to be a key regulator in these processes. Our previous studies demonstrated that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a low-molecular-weight lipid growth factor, enhances VEGF-C expression in human endothelial cells. We previously demonstrated that the LPA receptor plays an important role in lymphatic development in zebrafish embryos. However, the effects of LPA on VEGF-C expression in prostate cancer are not known. Herein, we demonstrate that LPA up-regulated VEGF-C expression in three different human prostate cancer cell lines. In PC-3 human prostate cancer cells, the enhancing effects of LPA were mediated through both LPA1 and LPA3. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF) expression were involved in LPA1/3-dependent VEGF-C expression. Furthermore, autotaxin (ATX), an enzyme responsible for LPA synthesis, also participates in regulating VEGF-C expression. By interrupting LPA1/3 of PC-3, conditioned medium (CM) -induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) lymphatic markers expression was also blocked. In summary, we found that LPA enhances VEGF-C expression through activating LPA1/3-, ROS-, and LEDGF-dependent pathways. These novel findings could potentially shed light on developing new strategies for preventing lymphatic metastasis of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-En Lin
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shee-Uan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chu-Cheng Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Hao Chang
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yueh-Chien Lin
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ling Tai
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Angiogenesis Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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17
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Fuh MR, Tai YL, Pan WH. Determination of free-form of cocaine in rat brain by liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry with in vivo microdialysis. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 2001; 752:107-14. [PMID: 11254184 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A rapid liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ES-MS) method with in vivo microdialysis for the determination of free-form of cocaine (COC) in rat brain has been developed. A C18 column and a gradient elution were employed for the separation. The [M+H]+ (m/z=304) and a fragmented ion (m/z=182) were detected using positive ion mode detection. Selective ion monitoring was utilized for quantitative measurement. The linearity of this assay was good ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 microM (r2=0.999). The inter- and intra-day precisions showed relative standard deviations ranging from 1.0% to 3.3% and 1.0% to 3.6%, respectively. In addition, the detection of one COC metabolite, benzoylecgonine (BE), by this assay was also investigated. The linearity, precision, and detection limit associated with this method for BE were determined. The application of this newly developed method was demonstrated by examining the pharmacokinetics of COC in rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Fuh
- Department of Chemistry, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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