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Mahmood S, Iqbal MW, Tang X, Zabed HM, Chen Z, Zhang C, Ravikumar Y, Zhao M, Qi X. A comprehensive review of recent advances in the characterization of L-rhamnose isomerase for the biocatalytic production of D-allose from D-allulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127859. [PMID: 37924916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
D-Allose and D-allulose are two important rare natural monosaccharides found in meager amounts. They are considered to be the ideal substitutes for table sugar (sucrose) for, their significantly lower calorie content with around 80 % and 70 % of the sweetness of sucrose, respectively. Additionally, both monosaccharides have gained much attention due to their remarkable physiological properties and excellent health benefits. Nevertheless, D-allose and D-allulose are rare in nature and difficult to produce by chemical methods. Consequently, scientists are exploring bioconversion methods to convert D-allulose into D-allose, with a key enzyme, L-rhamnose isomerase (L-RhIse), playing a remarkable role in this process. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the extractions, physiological functions and applications of D-allose from D-allulose. Specifically, it provides a detailed description of all documented L-RhIse, encompassing their biochemical properties including, pH, temperature, stabilities, half-lives, metal ion dependence, molecular weight, kinetic parameters, specific activities and specificities of the substrates, conversion ratio, crystal structure, catalytic mechanism as well as their wide-ranging applications across diverse fields. So far, L-RhIses have been discovered and characterized experimentally by numerous mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria. Furthermore, the crystal forms of L-RhIses from E. coli and Stutzerimonas/Pseudomonas stutzeri have been previously cracked, together with their catalytic mechanism. However, there is room for further exploration, particularly the molecular modification of L-RhIse for enhancing its catalytic performance and thermostability through the directed evolution or site-directed mutagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Mahmood
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Muhammad Waheed Iqbal
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinrui Tang
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cunsheng Zhang
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
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Zhang G, An Y, Zabed HM, Yun J, Parvez A, Zhao M, Zhang C, Ravikumar Y, Li J, Qi X. Rewiring Bacillus subtilis and bioprocess optimization for oxidoreductive reaction-mediated biosynthesis of D-tagatose. Bioresour Technol 2023; 389:129843. [PMID: 37820967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
D-tagatose holds significant importance as a functional monosaccharide with diverse applications in food, medicine, and other fields. This study aimed to explore the oxidoreductive pathway for D-tagatose production, surpassing the contemporary isomerization-mediated biosynthesis approach in order to enhance the thermodynamic equilibrium of the reactions. Initially, a novel galactitol dehydrogenase was discovered through biochemical and bioinformatics analyses. By co-expressing the galactitol dehydrogenase and xylose reductase, the oxidoreductive pathway for D-tagatose synthesis was successfully established in Bacillus subtilis. Subsequently, pathway fine-tuning was achieved via promoter regulation and dehydrogenase-mediated cofactor regeneration, resulting in 6.75-fold higher D-tagatose compared to that produced by the strain containing the unmodified promoter. Finally, optimization of fermentation conditions and medium composition produced 39.57 g/L D-tagatose in a fed-batch experiment, with a productivity of 0.33 g/L/h and a yield of 0.55 mol/mol D-galactose. These findings highlight the potential of the constructed redox pathway as an effective approach for D-tagatose production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingfeng An
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Amreesh Parvez
- Institute for Microbial Biotechnology and Metagenomics, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, RP, South Africa
| | - Mei Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cunsheng Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China; School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
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Ravikumar Y, Koonyosying P, Srichairatanakool S, Ponpandian LN, Kumaravelu J, Srichairatanakool S. In Silico Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation Analysis of Potential Histone Lysine Methyl Transferase Inhibitors for Managing β-Thalassemia. Molecules 2023; 28:7266. [PMID: 37959685 PMCID: PMC10650625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A decreased hemoglobin synthesis is contemplated as a pathological indication of β-thalassemia. Recent studies show that EPZ035544 from Epizyme could induce fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels due to its proven capability to inhibit euchromatin histone lysine methyl transferase (EHMT2). Therefore, the development of EHMT2 inhibitors is considered promising in managing β-thalassemia. Our strategy to find novel compounds that are EHMT2 inhibitors relies on the virtual screening of ligands that have a structural similarity to N2-[4-methoxy-3-(2,3,4,7-tetrahydro-1H-azepin-5-yl) phenyl]-N4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (F80) using the PubChem database. In silico docking studies using Autodock Vina were employed to screen a library of 985 compounds and evaluate their binding ability with EHMT2. The selection of hit compounds was based on the docking score and mode of interaction with the protein. The top two ranked compounds were selected for further investigations, including pharmacokinetic properties analysis and molecular dynamics simulations (MDS). Based on the obtained docking score and interaction analysis, N-(4-methoxy-3-methylphenyl)-4,6-diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (TP1) and 2-N-[4-methoxy-3-(5-methoxy-3H-indol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-N,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine (TP2) were found to be promising candidates, and TP1 exhibited better stability in the MDS study compared to TP2. In summary, our approach helps identify potential EHMT2 inhibitors, and further validation using in vitro and in vivo experiments could certainly enable this molecule to be used as a therapeutic drug in managing β-thalassemia disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (Y.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Pimpisid Koonyosying
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (Y.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Sirichai Srichairatanakool
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | | | - Jayanthi Kumaravelu
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Agharam Road Selaiyur, Chennai 600073, India
| | - Somdet Srichairatanakool
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (Y.R.); (P.K.)
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Ravikumar Y, Madhuri D, Lakshman M, Gopalareddy A, Kalakumar B, Anilkumar B. Cadmium and Chlorpyrifos Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Brain, Liver and Kidney of Wistar Rats. Toxicol Int 2023. [DOI: 10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The work was designed with 4 groups for 28 days. 1: Control. 2: CdCl2 @ 22.5mg/ kg b.wt / oral. 3: CPF @ 25 mg/ kg b.wt /per oral. 4: CdCl2@22.5 mg + CPF @ 25 mg/ kg b.wt /per oral. Higher mean values of liver, kidney and brain TBARS were observed in G-2, 3 and 4 on 15th and 29th day. Liver section in group 2 revealed mild degenerative changes in group 3; in group 4 mild to moderate peri portal fibrosis. Kidney section in group 2 showed shrunken glomeruli, necrosis; kidney section showed degeneration and necrosis of tubular epithelium with casts in the lumen in group 3 and necrosis with casts in the lumen in group 4. Brain section in group 2 showed mild perivascular cuffing, mild to moderate degeneration of Purkinji cells in group 3 and in group 4 degeneration of Purkinje cells. Effects in G-4 were severe than individual groups due to synergistic action of the combined pollutants than the individual effects.
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Li X, Huang J, Yun J, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Zhao M, Zabed HM, Ravikumar Y, Qi X. d-Arabitol Ameliorates Obesity and Metabolic Disorders via the Gut Microbiota-SCFAs-WAT Browning Axis. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:522-534. [PMID: 36542783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
d-Arabitol, which is typically found in mushrooms, lichens, and higher fungi, might play an effective role in alleviating visceral fat accumulation and insulin resistance particularly for its low calorie and glycemic index. However, the regulatory mechanisms of d-arabitol for alleviating obesity and associated metabolic disorders remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate and analyze the underlying relationship between d-arabitol-mediated gut microbiota and obesity. The results showed that d-arabitol dramatically ameliorated body weight gain, fat accumulation, and insulin resistance in HFD-fed rats. Likewise, d-arabitol remarkably increased the relative abundance of the genera Blautia, Anaerostipes, and Phascolarctobacterium and decreased the genera Romboutsia and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1. Furthermore, these alterations in gut microflora increased SCFAs, which in turn indirectly promoted AMPK-PGC-1α-related white adipose tissue (WAT) browning. Therefore, d-arabitol would have the potential to alleviate obesity through the gut microbiota-SCFAs-WAT browning axis. It could be considered as a sugar substitute for the obese population and diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
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Li X, Zhang Y, Zabed HM, Yun J, Zhang G, Zhao M, Ravikumar Y, Qi X. High-level production of d-arabitol by Zygosaccharomyces rouxii from glucose: Metabolic engineering and process optimization. Bioresour Technol 2023; 367:128251. [PMID: 36334865 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
d-Arabitol is a top value-added compound with wide applications in the food, pharmaceutical and biochemical industries. Nevertheless, sustainable biosynthesis of d-arabitol is limited by lack of efficient strains and suitable fermentation process. Herein, metabolic engineering and process optimization were performed in Zygosaccharomyces rouxii to overcoming these limitations. Adopting systems metabolic engineering include enhancement of innate biosynthetic pathway, supply of precursor substrate d-ribulose-5P and cofactors regeneration, a novel recombinant strain ZR-5A with good performance was obtained, which boosted d-arabitol production up to 29.01 g/L, 59.31 % higher than the parent strain. Further with the optimum medium composition and fed-batch fermentation, the strain ZR-5A finally produced 149.10 g/L d-arabitol with the productivity of 1.04 g/L/h, which was the highest titer ever reported by Z.rouxii system. This is the first report on the use of metabolic engineering to construct Z. rouxii chassis for the sustainable production of d-arabitol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang G, Zabed HM, An Y, Yun J, Huang J, Zhang Y, Li X, Wang J, Ravikumar Y, Qi X. Biocatalytic conversion of a lactose-rich dairy waste into D-tagatose, D-arabitol and galactitol using sequential whole cell and fermentation technologies. Bioresour Technol 2022; 358:127422. [PMID: 35688312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dairy industry waste has been explored as a cheap and attractive raw material to produce various commercially important rare sugars. In this study, a lactose-rich dairy byproduct, namely cheese whey powder (CWP), was microbially converted into three low caloric sweeteners using whole-cell and fermentation technologies. Firstly, the simultaneous lactose hydrolysis and isomerization of lactose-derived D-galactose into D-tagatose was performed by an engineered Escherichia coli strain co-expressing β-galactosidase and L-arabinose isomerase, which eventually produced 68.35 g/L D-tagatose during sequential feeding of CWP. Subsequently, the mixed syrup containing lactose-derived D-glucose and residual D-galactose was subjected to fermentation by Metschnikowia pulcherrima E1, which produced 60.12 g/L D-arabitol and 28.26 g/L galactitol. The net titer of the three rare sugars was 156.73 g/L from 300 g/L lactose (equivalent to 428.57 g/L CWP), which was equivalent to 1.12 mol product/mol lactose and 52.24% conversion efficiency in terms of lactose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingfeng An
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiangfei Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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Huang J, An Y, Zabed HM, Ravikumar Y, Zhao M, Yun J, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Li X, Qi X. Enhanced Biosynthesis of D-Arabitol by Metschnikowia reukaufii Through Optimizing Medium Composition and Fermentation Conditions. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:3119-3135. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03910-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Parvez A, Ravikumar Y, Bisht R, Yun J, Wang Y, Chandrika SP, Zabed HM, Qi X. Functional and Structural Roles of the Dimer Interface in the Activity and Stability of Clostridium butyricum 1,3-Propanediol Oxidoreductase. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:1261-1271. [PMID: 35258945 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) by 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase (PDOR) is often limited by the stability issues. To address this issue, the goal of the present study was to engineer the Clostridium butyricum PDOR dimeric interface. The interface exists between the chains and plays a role in the synthesis of 1,3-PD, which is hindered by the increased temperature and pH. Herein, we engineered PDOR by HotSpot Wizard 3.0 and molecular dynamics simulations, improving its thermal stability, pH tolerance, and catalytic properties with respect to the wild-type PDOR activity at 37 °C. Compared to the activity of the wild-type PDOR, the N298C mutant showed 0.5-fold greater activity at pH 8.0, while the P299E mutant showed significantly increased activity of over five fold at pH 4.0. Further structural comparisons between the wild-type and P299E mutant revealed that the extraordinary stability of the P299E mutant could be due to the formation of additional hydrogen bonds and salt bridges. The N298C mutant also exhibits thermal stability at a broad range of temperature at pH 8 with respect to wild-type PDOR and other mutants. The molecular dynamics simulations revealed that stability profiles of P299E mutants at pH 4.0 are attributed to identical root mean square deviation values and stable conformations in the motif region present in the dimer interface of the enzyme. These findings suggest that the dimer interface motifs are essential for the compactness and stability of the PDOR enzyme; therefore, engineering the PDOR using a structure-guided approach could aid in improving its activity and stability under various physiological conditions (pH and temperature).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amreesh Parvez
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renu Bisht
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sabapathy Poorna Chandrika
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hossain M. Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
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Ravikumar Y, Razack SA, Ponpandian LN, Zhang G, Yun J, Huang J, Lee D, Li X, Dou Y, Qi X. Microbial hosts for production of D-arabitol: Current state-of-art and future prospects. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Fokum E, Zabed HM, Ravikumar Y, Elshobary ME, Chandankere R, Zhang Y, Yun J, Qi X. Co-fermentation of glycerol and sugars by Clostridium beijerinckii: Enhancing the biosynthesis of 1,3-propanediol. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Ravikumar Y, Ponpandian LN, Zhang G, Yun J, Qi X. Harnessing -arabinose isomerase for biological production of -tagatose: Recent advances and its applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Chandankere R, Ravikumar Y, Zabed HM, Sabapathy PC, Yun J, Zhang G, Qi X. Conversion of Agroindustrial Wastes to Rhamnolipid by Enterobacter sp. UJS-RC and Its Role against Biofilm-Forming Foodborne Pathogens. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:15478-15489. [PMID: 33319980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rhamnolipid is the main group of biosurfactants predominantly produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a ubiquitous and opportunistic pathogen, which limits its large-scale exploitation. Thus, cost-effective rhamnolipid production from a newly isolated nonpathogenic Enterobacter sp. UJS-RC was investigated. The highest rhamnolipid production (4.4 ± 0.2 g/L) was achieved in a medium constituting agroindustrial wastes (sugarcane molasses and corn steep liquor) as substrates. Rhamnolipid exhibited reduced surface tension to 72-28 mN/m with an emulsification index of 75%. The structural analyses demonstrated the presence of methoxyl, carboxyl, and hydroxyl groups in rhamnolipid. Mass spectra indicated eight rhamnolipid congeners, where dirhamnolipid (m/z 650.01) was the dominant congener. Rhamnolipid inhibited biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus in a dose-dependent manner, supported by scanning electron microscopy disclosing the disruption of the microcolony/exopolysaccharide matrix. Rhamnolipid's ability to generate reactive oxygen species has thrown light on the mechanism through which the killing of test bacteria may occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Chandankere
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Poorna Chandrika Sabapathy
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
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Wang Y, Ravikumar Y, Zhang G, Yun J, Zhang Y, Parvez A, Qi X, Sun W. Biocatalytic Synthesis of D-Allulose Using Novel D-Tagatose 3-Epimerase From Christensenella minuta. Front Chem 2020; 8:622325. [PMID: 33363120 PMCID: PMC7758420 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.622325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
D-allulose, which is one of the important rare sugars, has gained significant attention in the food and pharmaceutical industries as a potential alternative to sucrose and fructose. Enzymes belonging to the D-tagatose 3-epimerase (DTEase) family can reversibly catalyze the epimerization of D-fructose at the C3 position and convert it into D-allulose by a good number of naturally occurring microorganisms. However, microbial synthesis of D-allulose is still at its immature stage in the industrial arena, mostly due to the preference of slightly acidic conditions for Izumoring reactions. Discovery of novel DTEase that works at acidic conditions is highly preferred for industrial applications. In this study, a novel DTEase, DTE-CM, capable of catalyzing D-fructose into D-allulose was applications. In this study, a novel DTEase, DTE-CM, capable of catalyzing D-fructose into D-allulose was DTE-CM on D-fructose was found to be remarkably influenced and modulated by the type of metal ions (co-factors). The DTE-CM on D-fructose was found to be remarkably influenced and modulated by the type of metal ions (co-factors). The 50°C from 0.5 to 3.5 h at a concentration of 0.1 mM. The enzyme exhibited its maximum catalytic activity on D-fructose at pH 6.0 and 50°C from 0.5 to 3.5 h at a concentration of 0.1 mM. The enzyme exhibited its maximum catalytic activity on -fructose at pH 6.0 and 50°C with a K cat /K m value of 45 mM-1min-1. The 500 g/L D-fructose, which corresponded to 30% conversion rate. With these interesting catalytic properties, this enzyme could be a promising candidate for industrial biocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Amreesh Parvez
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Sabapathy PC, Devaraj S, Meixner K, Anburajan P, Kathirvel P, Ravikumar Y, Zabed HM, Qi X. Recent developments in Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production - A review. Bioresour Technol 2020; 306:123132. [PMID: 32220472 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are inevitably a key biopolymer that has the potential to replace the conventional petrochemical based plastics that pose jeopardy to the environment globally. Even then the reach of PHA in the common market is so restricted. The economy of PHA is such that, even after several attempts the overall production cost seems to be high and this very factor surpasses PHAs usage when compared to the conventional polymers. The major focus of the review relies on the synthesis of PHA from Mixed Microbial Cultures (MMCs), through a 3-stage process most probably utilizing feedstocks from waste streams or models that mimic them. Emphasis was given to the works carried out in the past decade and their coherence with each and every individual criteria (Aeration, Substrate and bioprocess parameters) such that to understand their effect in enhancing the overall production of PHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorna Chandrika Sabapathy
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Sabarinathan Devaraj
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Katharina Meixner
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Parthiban Anburajan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Preethi Kathirvel
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641046, India
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China.
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Min BH, Ravikumar Y, Lee DH, Choi KS, Kim BM, Rhee JS. Age-dependent antioxidant responses to the bioconcentration of microcystin-LR in the mysid crustacean, Neomysis awatschensis. Environ Pollut 2018; 232:284-292. [PMID: 28947316 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are naturally occurring algal toxins in the aquatic environment and pose a serious threat to the ecosystem. In general, aquatic populations are structured by organisms of different ages, with varying degrees of biochemical and physiological responses. In this study, juvenile and adult marine mysids (Neomysis awatschensis) were exposed to MC-Leucine Arginine (MC-LR) (0.1, 1, and 10 μg L-1) for 7 days, and the bioconcentration dynamics and responses of antioxidant defense system were measured during the exposure and additional depuration periods (7 days). MC-LR bioconcentrated in a dose-dependent manner, from a threshold concentration of 1 μg L-1 in both stages, and the levels reduced gradually during the depuration phase. Bioconcentration patterns of MC-LR were highly age-specific, as juvenile mysids showed peaks during the exposure period, whereas adults exhibited a peak on the first day of depuration. After exposure to 10 μg L-1 concentration, elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were observed during the late (days 5 and 7) exposure and early (days 1 and 3) depuration periods in juvenile mysids, while adult mysids showed a peak on day 7 of the exposure period. Age-specific responses were also observed in the enzymatic activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR). Juvenile mysids showed a significant elevation in all enzymatic activities during the exposure and/or depuration phase upon exposure to 10 μg L-1 MC-LR, but only CAT and SOD enzymes showed significant changes during the exposure and/or depuration periods in adults. Overall, our results indicate the bioconcentration potential of MC-LR and its threshold in the marine mysid, in addition to age-specific MC-LR dynamics and subsequent biochemical responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Hwa Min
- Aquaculture Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, South Korea
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Do-Hee Lee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Kwang Seek Choi
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Bo-Mi Kim
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea; Institute of Green Environmental Research Center, 169, Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsugu, Incheon 21999, South Korea.
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Ravikumar Y, Nadarajan SP, Lee CS, Jung S, Bae DH, Yun H. FMN-Based Fluorescent Proteins as Heavy Metal Sensors Against Mercury Ions. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 26:530-9. [PMID: 26699753 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1510.10040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial light-oxygen-voltage-sensing photoreceptor-derived flavin mononucleotide (FMN)- based fluorescent proteins act as a promising distinct class of fluorescent proteins utilized for various biomedical and biotechnological applications. The key property of its independency towards oxygen for its chromophore maturation has greatly helped this protein to outperform the other fluorescent proteins such as GFP and DsRed for anaerobic applications. Here, we describe the feasibility of FMN-containing fluorescent protein FbFP as a metal-sensing probe by measuring the fluorescence emission changes of a protein with respect to the concentration of metal ions. In the present study, we demonstrated the mercury-sensing ability of FbFP protein and the possible amino acids responsible for metal binding. A ratiometric approach was employed here in order to exploit the fluorescence changes observed at two different emission maxima with respect to Hg(2+) at micromolar concentration. The engineered variant FbFPC56I showed high sensitivity towards Hg(2+) and followed a good linear relationship from 0.1 to 3 µM of Hg(2+). Thus, further engineering with a rational approach would enable the FbFP to be developed as a novel and highly selective and sensitive biosensor for other toxic heavy metal ions as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Chong-Soon Lee
- School of Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunho Jung
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Bae
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungdon Yun
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Ravikumar Y, Nadarajan SP, Hyeon Yoo T, Lee CS, Yun H. Incorporating unnatural amino acids to engineer biocatalysts for industrial bioprocess applications. Biotechnol J 2015; 10:1862-76. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Ravikumar Y, Nadarajan SP, Yoo TH, Lee CS, Yun H. Unnatural amino acid mutagenesis-based enzyme engineering. Trends Biotechnol 2015; 33:462-70. [PMID: 26088007 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Traditional enzyme engineering relies on substituting one amino acid by one of the other 19 natural amino acids to change the functional properties of an enzyme. However, incorporation of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) has been harnessed to engineer efficient enzymes for biocatalysis. Residue-specific and site-specific in vivo incorporation methods are becoming the preferred approach for producing enzymes with altered or improved functions. We describe the contribution of in vivo UAA incorporation methodologies to enzyme engineering as well as the future prospects for the field, including the integration of UAAs with other new advances in enzyme engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
| | | | - Tae Hyeon Yoo
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Korea
| | - Chong-soon Lee
- School of Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
| | - Hyungdon Yun
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
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Ravikumar Y, Nadarajan SP, Lee CS, Rhee JK, Yun H. A New-Generation Fluorescent-Based Metal Sensor – iLOV Protein. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 25:503-10. [DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1409.09035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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21
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Abstract
A lead biosensor (PbGFP) was developed by engineering lead binding site near the chromophore of green fluorescent protein. The specific binding of lead to chromophore of PbGFP resulted in turn-off mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chong-Soon Lee
- School of Biotechnology
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Hyungdon Yun
- Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology
- Konkuk University
- Seoul 143-701, Korea
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