[Expert consensus on the biobank development of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases and storage codes of related biological samples from craniofacial and oral region]

The biological samples of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases are extremely precious. Collecting and preserving these biological samples are helpful to elucidate the mechanisms and improve the level of diagnose and treatment of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases. The standardized construction of biobanks for oral genetic diseases and rare diseases is important for achieving these goals. At present, there is very little information on the construction of these biobanks, and the standards or suggestions for the classification and coding of biological samples from oral and maxillofacial sources, and this is not conducive to the standardization and information construction of biobanks for special oral diseases. This consensus summarizes the background, necessity, principles, and key points of constructing the biobank for oral genetic diseases and rare diseases. On the base of the group standard "Classification and Coding for Human Biomaterial" (GB/T 39768-2021) issued by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Biological Samples, we suggest 76 new coding numbers for different of biological samples from oral and maxillofacial sources. We hope the consensus may promote the standardization, and smartization on the biobank construction as well as the overall research level of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases in China.

[Lignans from Agrimonia pilosa]

Thirteen lignans were isolated from 60% ethanol extract of Agrimonia pilosa by column chromatography over silica gel, ODS, and MCI and preparative high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Their chemical structures were identified by physiochemical properties and spectral data as(7S,8S)-threo-4,7,9,9'-tetrahydroxy-3,3',5'-trimethoxy-8-O-4'-neolignan(1),(+)-4,9,9'-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-3',7-epoxy-8,4'-oxyneolignan(2), dihydrodehydro-diconiferyl alcohol(3), 4,9,9'-trihydroxy-3,3',5-trimethoxy-4',7-epoxy-8,5'-neolignan(4),(-)-secoisolariciresinol(5), 4,7,9,9'-tetrahydroxy-3,3',5'-trimethoxy-8-O-4'-neolignan(6),(+)-isolariciresinol(7), 4,7,9,9'-tetrahydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-8-O-4'-neolignan(8), burselignan(9),(-)-evofolin B(10), icariol A2(11), ciwujiatone(12), and(+)-4″,4-dihydroxy-3,3',3″,3,5,5'-hexamethoxy-7,9';7',9-diepoxy-4,8″;4',8-bisoxy-8,8'-dineolignan-7″,7,9″,9-tetraol(13). Compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 1-13 were isolated from Agrimonia plant for the first time. This study can enrich the chemical components in A. pilosa and provide material conditions for the follow-up study of its biological activity and the elucidation of its pharmacodynamic substances.

Medicinal Inula Species: Phytochemistry, Biosynthesis, and Bioactivities

As a genus of the Asteraceae, Inula is widely distributed all over the world, and several of them are being used in traditional medicines. A number of metabolites were isolated from Inula species, and some of these have shown to possess ranges of pharmacological activities. The genus Inula contains abundant sesquiterpenoids, such as eudesmanes, xanthanes, and sesquiterpenoid dimers and trimers. In addition, other types of terpenoids, flavonoids, and lignins also exist in the genus Inula. Since 2010, more than 300 new secondary metabolites, including several known natural products that were isolated for the first time from the genus Inula. Most of them exhibited potential bioactivities in various diseases. The review aimed to summarize the advance of recent researches (2010-2020) on phytochemical constituents, biosynthesis, and pharmacological properties of the genus Inula for providing a scientific basis and supporting its application and exploitation for new drug development.

[Impact of KIT D816 mutation on salvage therapy in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21) translocation]

Objective: To evaluate the impact of KIT D816 mutation on the salvage therapy in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21) translocation. Method: The characteristics of the first relapsed AML with t(8;21) translocation from 10 hospitals were retrospectively collected, complete remission (CR(2)) rate after one course salvage chemotherapy and the relationship between KIT mutation and CR(2) rate was analyzed. Results: 68 cases were enrolled in this study, and 30 cases (44.1%) achieved CR(2). All patients received KIT mutation detection, and KIT D816 mutation was identified in 26 cases. The KIT D816 positive group had significantly lower CR(2) compared with non-KIT D816 group (23.1% vs 57.1%, χ(2)=7.559, P=0.006), and patients with longer CR(1) duration achieved significantly higher CR(2) than those with CR(1) duration less than 12 months (74.1% vs 31.9%, χ(2)=9.192, P=0.002). KIT D816 mutation was tightly related to shorter CR(1) duration. No significant difference of 2 years post relapse survival was observed between KIT D816 mutation and non-KIT D816 mutation group. Conclusion: KIT D816 mutation at diagnosis was an adverse factor on the salvage therapy in relapsed AML with t(8;21) translocation, significantly related to shorter CR1 duration, and can be used for prediction of salvage therapy response. KIT D816 mutation could guide the decision-making of salvage therapy in relapsed AML with t(8;21) translocation.

Proteomic analysis of susceptibility in intestinal stromal tumors

We analyzed the susceptibility of intestinal stromal tumors using cell culture and proteomics. Human SGC7901 gastric cells were selected and divided into a blank control group (untransfected SGC7901 cells), a negative control group [SGC7901 cells transfected with negative interference control-small interfering RNA (siRNA)], and a COOH-terminus tensin-like molecule (CTEN)-siRNA-1 group (SGC7901 cells transfected with CTEN-siRNA-1). The cells were successfully transfected and subjected to analyses of cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell invasion, CTEN expression, and proteomics. The percentages of cells in the G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases were similar in the three groups (P > 0.05), and the OD values were also similar at 24, 48, and 72 h (P > 0.05). Compared with the levels in the blank and negative control groups, CTEN protein in the CTEN-siRNA-1 group decreased by 66 and 65%, respectively, and significantly fewer cells in the CTEN-siRNA-1 group were capable of invasion (P < 0.05). Proteomic analysis showed that in the CTEN-siRNA-1 group, 283 proteins were upregulated and 242 were downregulated; from these, the expression levels of E-cadherin and ERK proteins changed significantly. Silencing the expression of CTEN in intestinal stromal tumor cells reduces their invasion capability. Moreover, silencing CTEN at different stages can also regulate the expression levels of E-cadherin and ERK proteins.