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Fernandes TV, Fernandes OL, Gomes IJMT, Solar RRC, Campos RI. Ant identity determines the fungi richness and composition of a myrmecochorous seed. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0293377. [PMID: 38451997 PMCID: PMC10919741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Myrmecochory-seed dispersal by ants-is a mutualistic interaction in which ants attracted by seed appendices take them away from the parental plant location, where seeds usually have better development odds. Not all ant species benefit plants, and the mechanisms of those divergent outcomes are still unclear, especially from the perspective of microbial third parties. Here, we explore the effects of seed manipulation on fungi communities promoted by two ant species with contrasting effects on seed germination and antimicrobial cleaning strategies. We hypothesize that: i) fungi richness is higher in seeds manipulated by Acromyrmex subterraneus (species that negatively affect seed germination), followed by unmanipulated seeds and seeds manipulated by Atta sexdens (ant species that increase seed germination) and ii) seeds manipulated by A. sexdens, Ac. subterraneus and unmanipulated seeds present dissimilar fungi compositions. We identified fungal morphotypes in three groups of seeds: i) manipulated by A. sexdens; ii) manipulated by Ac. subterraneus; iii) unmanipulated. Seeds manipulated by Ac. subterraneus exhibited higher fungal richness than those manipulated by A. sexdens and unmanipulated seeds, indicating that the ant species known to impair germination increases the fungal load on seeds. Additionally, we found that A. sexdens ants were unable to reduce fungal richness compared to unmanipulated seeds. Furthermore, fungal composition differed among all three treatments. Our results underscore the significance of ant species identity in shaping the fungal communities associated with myrmecochorous seeds. Given the potential influence of microbial infection on seed fate, we suggest considering manipulation strategies when evaluating the overall quality of an ant as a seed disperser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago V. Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo da Vida Silvestre, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Otavio L. Fernandes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Inácio J. M. T. Gomes
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo da Vida Silvestre, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Ricardo R. C. Solar
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo da Vida Silvestre, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ricardo I. Campos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Maziviero FV, Melo DMA, Medeiros RLBA, Oliveira ÂAS, Macedo HP, Braga RM, Morgado E. Advancements and Prospects in Perovskite Solar Cells: From Hybrid to All-Inorganic Materials. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:332. [PMID: 38392705 PMCID: PMC10892290 DOI: 10.3390/nano14040332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid perovskites, materials composed of metals and organic substances in their structure, have emerged as potential materials for the new generation of photovoltaic cells due to a unique combination of optical, excitonic and electrical properties. Inspired by sensitization techniques on TiO2 substrates (DSSC), CH3NH3PbBr3 and CH3NH3PbI3 perovskites were studied as a light-absorbing layer as well as an electron-hole pair generator. Photovoltaic cells based on per-ovskites have electron and hole transport layers (ETL and HTL, respectively), separated by an ac-tive layer composed of perovskite itself. Major advances subsequently came in the preparation methods of these devices and the development of different architectures, which resulted in an efficiency exceeding 23% in less than 10 years. Problems with stability are the main barrier to the large-scale production of hybrid perovskites. Partially or fully inorganic perovskites appear promising to circumvent the instability problem, among which the black perovskite phase CsPbI3 (α-CsPbI3) can be highlighted. In more advanced studies, a partial or total substitution of Pb by Ge, Sn, Sb, Bi, Cu or Ti is proposed to mitigate potential toxicity problems and maintain device efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Velcic Maziviero
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Ambiental—LABTAM, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (R.L.B.A.M.); (Â.A.S.O.); (H.P.M.); (R.M.B.)
| | - Dulce M. A. Melo
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Ambiental—LABTAM, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (R.L.B.A.M.); (Â.A.S.O.); (H.P.M.); (R.M.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo L. B. A. Medeiros
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Ambiental—LABTAM, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (R.L.B.A.M.); (Â.A.S.O.); (H.P.M.); (R.M.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Ângelo A. S. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Ambiental—LABTAM, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (R.L.B.A.M.); (Â.A.S.O.); (H.P.M.); (R.M.B.)
| | - Heloísa P. Macedo
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Ambiental—LABTAM, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (R.L.B.A.M.); (Â.A.S.O.); (H.P.M.); (R.M.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Renata M. Braga
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Ambiental—LABTAM, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (R.L.B.A.M.); (Â.A.S.O.); (H.P.M.); (R.M.B.)
- Agricultural School of Jundiaí, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba 59280-000, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Edisson Morgado
- PETROBRAS R&D Centre (CENPES), Rio de Janeiro 21941-915, Brazil;
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Starling MCVM, Christofaro C, Macedo-Reis LE, Maillard P, Amorim CC. Monitoring network optimization and impact of fish farming upon water quality in the Três Marias Hydroelectric Reservoir, Brazil. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:13455-13470. [PMID: 38253830 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Hydroelectric power is the main source of electrical energy in Brazil. Electrical energy providers have the duty to monitor water quality in reservoirs to preserve water quality and support best management practices that enable multiple water uses, including fish production. In this context, the objectives of this study were (i) to perform a historical evaluation of water quality in Três Marias Reservoir, (ii) to present an optimization of the water quality monitoring network, and (iii) to evaluate the evolution and impact of fish farming upon surface water quality by using secondary data measured in situ and remote sensing. A systematic approach was applied to analyze historical water quality data. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were applied to identify the most important parameters and monitoring points. Images obtained from Sentinel 2 were treated by contrast to quantify simple and weighted densities of fish farming activities in the region while regression analysis was performed to verify correlations between these densities and water quality parameters. Results showed that the pH and total suspended solids were the most important parameters for characterizing water quality, especially near tributaries, and that monitoring points could be grouped into three clusters (upstream, central, and downstream regions) with distinct water quality conditions. The PCA indicated that there is no redundance among parameters nor monitoring stations and that areas near tributaries must be prioritized for monitoring as these are important sources of suspended solids. Remote sensing images showed that the area occupied by fish farms has increased in the reservoir from 2016 to 2022 and the methodology used for this purpose in this study may be applied to other bodies of water. Chlorophyll-a showed a direct relationship with the density of fish farms indicating a possible influence of nutrient input to the reservoir by this activity. These results provide valuable information to support decision-making related to water management in the reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Clara V M Starling
- SIMOA-Intelligent Systems for Environmental Monitoring, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Christofaro
- SIMOA-Intelligent Systems for Environmental Monitoring, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
- Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys-UFVJM, Diamantina, MG, CEP 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Macedo-Reis
- SIMOA-Intelligent Systems for Environmental Monitoring, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
- Maram Projetos Ambientais, Rua Marquês de Pombal, 56A, Bom Retiro, Ipatinga, MG, Brazil
| | - Phillippe Maillard
- SIMOA-Intelligent Systems for Environmental Monitoring, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
- Department of Geography, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Camila C Amorim
- SIMOA-Intelligent Systems for Environmental Monitoring, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
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de Morais TP, Barreto LS, de Souza TL, Pozzan R, Vargas DÁR, Yamamoto FY, Prodocimo MM, Neto FF, Randi MAF, Ribeiro CADO. Assessing the pollution and ecotoxicological status of the Iguaçu River, southern Brazil: A review. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023. [PMID: 38037232 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of water resources available for human consumption is increasing with the continuous release of chemicals into aquatic environments and their inefficient removal in wastewater treatment. Several watersheds in Brazil, such as the Iguaçu River, are affected by multiple sources of pollution and lack information about their pollution status. The Iguaçu River basin (IRB) has great socioeconomic and environmental relevance to both the supply of water resources and its considerable hydroelectric potential, as well as for the high rate of endemism of its ichthyofauna. Also, the IRB is home to large conservation units, such as the Iguaçu National Park, recognized by UNESCO as a natural World Heritage Site. Thus, this article discusses the chemical pollution in the IRB approaching: (i) the main sources of pollution; (ii) the occurrence of inorganic and organic micropollutants; (iii) the available ecotoxicological data; and (iv) the socioeconomic impacts in three regions of the upper, middle, and lower IRB. Different studies have reported relevant levels of emerging contaminants, persistent organic pollutants, toxic metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons detected in the water and sediment samples, especially in the upper IRB region, associated with domestic and industrial effluents. Additionally, significant concentrations of pesticides and toxic metals were also detected in the lower IRB, revealing that agricultural practices are also relevant sources of chemicals for this watershed. More recently, studies indicated an association between fish pathologies and the detection of micropollutants in the water and sediments in the IRB. The identification of the main sources of pollutants, associated with the distribution of hazardous chemicals in the IRB, and their potential effects on the biota, as described in this review, represent an important strategy to support water management by public authorities for reducing risks to the local endemic biodiversity and exposed human populations. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;00:1-26. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roberta Pozzan
- Cell Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Flávia Yoshie Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
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5
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de Aguiar ALD, da Silva NA, Gomes BMC, da Gloria MYR, Hasparyk NP, Toledo Filho RD. Assessment of Wood Bio-Concrete Properties Modified with Silane-Siloxane. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6105. [PMID: 37763383 PMCID: PMC10532751 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Bio-based materials, such as wood bio-concrete (WBC), hold promise in reducing energy consumption and carbon footprint of the construction industry. However, the durability of these materials is not well understood and can be negatively affected by the high water absorption capacity of wood bio-aggregates. In the field of cement composites, for example, silane-siloxane-based water repellent has been used to protect such materials from natural environmental attack. Nevertheless, there is still a limited understanding of various aspects related to this type of treatment, including its performance when applied to the bio-concrete substrate. This research aimed to investigate the influence of silane-siloxane on the rheology and hydration of cementitious paste through isothermal calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Additionally, the impact of silane-siloxane on the physical and mechanical properties of WBCs was examined by conducting tests at fresh state (flow table and entrained air content) and hardened state (compressive strength and capillary water absorption). The composites were produced with a volumetric fraction of 45% of wood shavings while the cement matrix consisted of a combination of cement, rice husk ash, and fly ash. Silane-siloxane was applied in three ways: as coating, incorporated as an admixture, and in a combination of both methods. The results indicated that by incorporating silane in the cementitious pastethe viscosity increased by 40% and the hydration was delayed by approximately 6 h when compared to the reference. In addition, silane improved the compressive strength of WBCs by 24% when incorporated into the mixture, expressively reduced the water sorptivity of WBCs (93%), and was more effective if used as coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. D. de Aguiar
- Department of Civil Engineering, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil; (A.L.D.d.A.); (N.A.d.S.); (B.M.C.G.); (M.Y.R.d.G.)
| | - Nathalia A. da Silva
- Department of Civil Engineering, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil; (A.L.D.d.A.); (N.A.d.S.); (B.M.C.G.); (M.Y.R.d.G.)
| | - Bruno M. C. Gomes
- Department of Civil Engineering, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil; (A.L.D.d.A.); (N.A.d.S.); (B.M.C.G.); (M.Y.R.d.G.)
| | - M’hamed Y. R. da Gloria
- Department of Civil Engineering, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil; (A.L.D.d.A.); (N.A.d.S.); (B.M.C.G.); (M.Y.R.d.G.)
| | - Nicole P. Hasparyk
- Department of Dam Safety and Technology, ELETROBRAS Furnas, Aparecida de Goiânia 74993-600, Brazil;
| | - Romildo D. Toledo Filho
- Department of Civil Engineering, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil; (A.L.D.d.A.); (N.A.d.S.); (B.M.C.G.); (M.Y.R.d.G.)
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Gonçalves RS, De Oliveira M, Rocioli M, Souza F, Gallo C, Sudbrack D, Trautmann P, Clasen B, Homma R. Drone-Robot to Clean Power Line Insulators. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:5529. [PMID: 37420696 DOI: 10.3390/s23125529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The inspection and maintenance of transmission systems are necessary for their proper functioning. In this way, among the line's critical points are the insulator chains, which are responsible for providing insulation between conductors and structures. The accumulation of pollutants on the insulator surface can cause failures in the power system, leading to power supply interruptions. Currently, the cleaning of insulator chains is performed manually by operators who climb towers and use cloths, high-pressure washers, or even helicopters. The use of robots and drones is also under study, presenting challenges to be overcome. This paper presents the development of a drone-robot for cleaning insulator chains. The drone-robot was designed to identify insulators by camera and perform cleaning through a robotic module. This module is attached to the drone and carries a battery-powered portable washer, a reservoir for demineralized water, a depth camera, and an electronic control system. This paper includes a literature review on the state of the art related to strategies used for cleaning insulator chains. Based on this review, the justification for the construction of the proposed system is presented. The methodology used in the development of the drone-robot is then described. The system was validated in a controlled environment and in field experimental tests, with the ensuing discussions and conclusions formulated, along with suggestions for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Sales Gonçalves
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38.400-902, Brazil
| | - Murilo De Oliveira
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38.400-902, Brazil
| | - Murilo Rocioli
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38.400-902, Brazil
| | - Frederico Souza
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38.400-902, Brazil
| | - Carlos Gallo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38.400-902, Brazil
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Bassan FR, Rosolem JB, Floridia C, Penze RS, Aires BN, Roncolatto RA, Peres R, Júnior JRN, Fracarolli JPV, da Costa EF, Cardoso FH, Pereira FR, Furoni CC, Coimbra CM, Riboldi VB, Omae C, de Moraes M. Multi-Parameter Optical Monitoring Solution Applied to Underground Medium-Voltage Electric Power Distribution Networks. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23115066. [PMID: 37299795 DOI: 10.3390/s23115066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a multi-parameter optical fiber monitoring solution applied to an underground power distribution network. The monitoring system demonstrated herein uses Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors to measure multiple parameters, such as the distributed temperature of the power cable, external temperature and current of the transformers, liquid level, and intrusion in the underground manholes. To monitor partial discharges of cable connections, we used sensors that detect radio frequency signals. The system was characterized in the laboratory and tested in underground distribution networks. We present here the technical details of the laboratory characterization, system installation, and the results of 6 months of network monitoring. The data obtained for temperature sensors in the field tests show a thermal behavior depending on the day/night cycle and the season. The temperature levels measured on the conductors indicated that in high-temperature periods, the maximum current specified for the conductor must be reduced, according to the applied Brazilian standards. The other sensors detected other important events in the distribution network. All the sensors demonstrated their functionality and robustness in the distribution network, and the monitored data will allow the electric power system to have a safe operation, with optimized capacity and operating within tolerated electrical and thermal limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio R Bassan
- CPQD-Research and Development Center in Telecommunications, Campinas 13086-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Joao B Rosolem
- CPQD-Research and Development Center in Telecommunications, Campinas 13086-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudio Floridia
- CPQD-Research and Development Center in Telecommunications, Campinas 13086-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Rivael S Penze
- CPQD-Research and Development Center in Telecommunications, Campinas 13086-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno N Aires
- CPQD-Research and Development Center in Telecommunications, Campinas 13086-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo A Roncolatto
- CPQD-Research and Development Center in Telecommunications, Campinas 13086-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Peres
- CPQD-Research and Development Center in Telecommunications, Campinas 13086-902, SP, Brazil
| | - João R Nogueira Júnior
- CPQD-Research and Development Center in Telecommunications, Campinas 13086-902, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo F da Costa
- CPQD-Research and Development Center in Telecommunications, Campinas 13086-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Filipe H Cardoso
- CPQD-Research and Development Center in Telecommunications, Campinas 13086-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando R Pereira
- CPQD-Research and Development Center in Telecommunications, Campinas 13086-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla C Furoni
- CPQD-Research and Development Center in Telecommunications, Campinas 13086-902, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila Omae
- CPFL Energia, Campinas 13088-900, SP, Brazil
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Saraiva SO, Rutherfurd ID, Kaufmann PR, Leal CG, Macedo DR, Pompeu PS. Wood stock in neotropical streams: Quantifying and comparing instream wood among biomes and regions. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275464. [PMID: 36197927 PMCID: PMC9534444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Instream wood plays important chemical, physical and ecological functions in aquatic systems, benefiting biota directly and indirectly. However, human activities along river corridors have disrupted wood recruitment and retention, usually leading to reductions in the amount of instream wood. In the tropics, where wood is believed to be more transient, the expansion of agriculture and infrastructure might be reducing instream wood stock even more than in the better studied temperate streams. However, research is needed to augment the small amount of information about wood in different biomes and ecosystems of neotropical streams. Here we present the first extensive assessment of instream wood loads and size distributions in streams of the wet-tropical Amazon and semi-humid-tropical Cerrado (the Brazilian savanna). We also compare neotropical wood stocks with those in temperate streams, first comparing against data from the literature, and then from a comparable dataset from temperate biomes in the USA. Contrary to our expectations, Amazon and Cerrado streams carried similar wood loads, which were lower than the world literature average, but similar to those found in comparable temperate forest and savanna streams in the USA. Our results indicate that the field survey methods and the wood metric adopted are highly important when comparing different datasets. But when properly compared, we found that most of the wood in temperate streams is made-up of a small number of large pieces, whereas wood in neotropical streams is made up of a larger number of small pieces that produce similar total volumes. The character of wood volumes among biomes is linked more to the delivery, transport and decomposition mechanisms than to the total number of pieces. Future studies should further investigate the potential instream wood drivers in neotropical catchments in order to better understand the differences and similarities here detected between biomes and climatic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah O. Saraiva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia Aplicada, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Ian D. Rutherfurd
- School of Geography, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip R. Kaufmann
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, and Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Cecília G. Leal
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire, United Kingdom
| | - Diego R. Macedo
- Departamento de Geografia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo S. Pompeu
- Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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dos Santos LMC, da Silva ES, Oliveira FO, Rodrigues LDAP, Neves PRF, Meira CS, Moreira GAF, Lobato GM, Nascimento C, Gerhardt M, Lessa AS, Mascarenhas LAB, Machado BAS. Ozonized Water in Microbial Control: Analysis of the Stability, In Vitro Biocidal Potential, and Cytotoxicity. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:525. [PMID: 34204772 PMCID: PMC8231602 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
O3 dissolved in water (or ozonized water) has been considered a potent antimicrobial agent, and this study aimed to test this through microbiological and in vitro assays. The stability of O3 was accessed following modifications of the physicochemical parameters of water, such as the temperature and pH, with or without buffering. Three concentrations of O3 (0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 ppm) dissolved in water were tested against different microorganisms, and an analysis of the cytotoxic effects was also conducted using the human ear fibroblast cell line (Hfib). Under the physicochemical conditions of 4 °C and pH 5, O3 remained the most stable and concentrated compared to pH 7 and water at 25 °C. Exposure to ozonized water resulted in high mortality rates for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. Scanning electron micrograph images indicate that the effects on osmotic stability due to cell wall lysis might be one of the killing mechanisms of ozonized water. The biocidal agent was biocompatible and presented no cytotoxic effect against Hfib cells. Therefore, due to its cytocompatibility and biocidal action, ozonized water can be considered a viable alternative for microbial control, being possible, for example, its use in disinfection processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laerte Marlon Conceição dos Santos
- University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (ISI SAS), Salvador 41650-010, Bahia, Brazil; (L.M.C.d.S.); (E.S.d.S.); (F.O.O.); (L.d.A.P.R.); (C.S.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (L.A.B.M.)
| | - Eduardo Santos da Silva
- University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (ISI SAS), Salvador 41650-010, Bahia, Brazil; (L.M.C.d.S.); (E.S.d.S.); (F.O.O.); (L.d.A.P.R.); (C.S.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (L.A.B.M.)
| | - Fabricia Oliveira Oliveira
- University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (ISI SAS), Salvador 41650-010, Bahia, Brazil; (L.M.C.d.S.); (E.S.d.S.); (F.O.O.); (L.d.A.P.R.); (C.S.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (L.A.B.M.)
| | - Leticia de Alencar Pereira Rodrigues
- University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (ISI SAS), Salvador 41650-010, Bahia, Brazil; (L.M.C.d.S.); (E.S.d.S.); (F.O.O.); (L.d.A.P.R.); (C.S.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (L.A.B.M.)
| | - Paulo Roberto Freitas Neves
- University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, SENAI Computational Modeling and Industrial Technology, Salvador 41650-010, Bahia, Brazil;
| | - Cássio Santana Meira
- University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (ISI SAS), Salvador 41650-010, Bahia, Brazil; (L.M.C.d.S.); (E.S.d.S.); (F.O.O.); (L.d.A.P.R.); (C.S.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (L.A.B.M.)
| | - Greta Almeida Fernandes Moreira
- University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (ISI SAS), Salvador 41650-010, Bahia, Brazil; (L.M.C.d.S.); (E.S.d.S.); (F.O.O.); (L.d.A.P.R.); (C.S.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (L.A.B.M.)
| | - Gabriela Monteiro Lobato
- China Three Gorges Corporation—CTG Brazil, Rio Paraná Energia S.A. Rodovia MS-444 s/nº km 58, Ilha Solteira 79590-000, Selviria, Brazil; (G.M.L.); (C.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Carlos Nascimento
- China Three Gorges Corporation—CTG Brazil, Rio Paraná Energia S.A. Rodovia MS-444 s/nº km 58, Ilha Solteira 79590-000, Selviria, Brazil; (G.M.L.); (C.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Marcelo Gerhardt
- China Three Gorges Corporation—CTG Brazil, Rio Paraná Energia S.A. Rodovia MS-444 s/nº km 58, Ilha Solteira 79590-000, Selviria, Brazil; (G.M.L.); (C.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Arlene Souza Lessa
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ Microscopy Service, Technological Platforms Network, Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil;
| | - Luis Alberto Breda Mascarenhas
- University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (ISI SAS), Salvador 41650-010, Bahia, Brazil; (L.M.C.d.S.); (E.S.d.S.); (F.O.O.); (L.d.A.P.R.); (C.S.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (L.A.B.M.)
| | - Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado
- University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (ISI SAS), Salvador 41650-010, Bahia, Brazil; (L.M.C.d.S.); (E.S.d.S.); (F.O.O.); (L.d.A.P.R.); (C.S.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (L.A.B.M.)
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10
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de Souza RAS, Saldanha-Corrêa FMP, Gallego AG, Neto AMP. Semi-quantitative determination of ash element content for freeze-dried, defatted, sulfated and pyrolysed biomass of Scenedesmus sp. Biotechnol Biofuels 2020; 13:63. [PMID: 32266009 PMCID: PMC7115075 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Energy demand by mankind has become one of the most important aspects of our society. A promising technology that seeks to provide part of the energy demand and to obtain high-value products is the thermochemical conversion of microalgae biomass. Inorganic species presented in microalgae biomass may act as catalysts for thermochemical reactions and are responsible for notorious ash-related issues during thermochemical decomposition. RESULTS In this study, the freeze-dried biomass of Scenedesmus sp. was used to evaluate the lipid extraction methodology regarding a sonication bath as pretreatment technique for cell disruption followed by vortex mixing and n-hexane as solvent. It is also presented the lipid and amino acid profiles for Scenedesmus sp. The freeze-dried biomass was pyrolysed through a TGA (thermogravimetric analysis), with heating rates of 20 °C/min, from 100 to 650 °C. The ash and sulfated ash contents were accurately determined by combustion of biomass in a muffle furnace. The element component of ashes of the freeze-dried, defatted, pyrolysed and sulfated biomasses was determined by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) fitted with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The lipid content obtained for Scenedesmus sp. dry biomass was 16.72% (± 0.03). The content of the sulfated ash obtained was 17.81 ± 0.15%. The SEM-EDS technique identified different mineral compounds in ashes, allowing to quantify Mg, P, S, K, Ca, Fe, Co and Br, as well as oxides. CONCLUSION The results suggest a possible strategy to evaluate in a semi-quantitative manner the ash composition of freeze-dryed, defatted, sulfated and pyrolysed biomass of Scenedesmus sp. and its feasibility in using Scenedesmus sp. biomass in different thermochemical conversion strategies to achieve processes with positive energy ratio, representing potential use both environmental and energetically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Augusto Sotana de Souza
- Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciência Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Bairro Bangu, Santo André, SP 09210-580 Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Garrido Gallego
- Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciência Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Bairro Bangu, Santo André, SP 09210-580 Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Pereira Neto
- Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciência Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Bairro Bangu, Santo André, SP 09210-580 Brazil
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11
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França JS, Solar R, Hughes RM, Callisto M. Student monitoring of the ecological quality of neotropical urban streams. Ambio 2019; 48:867-878. [PMID: 30448993 PMCID: PMC6541664 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-018-1122-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Most Latin American demands for drinking water are in or near urban areas. However, population growth and untreated sewage disposal degrade water quality, with negative effects for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Mobilizing society to monitor quality of urban watercourses facilitates training and allows diagnosis that may further help implement mitigation and management strategies. Therefore, our research was conducted in a > 4000 km2 metropolitan region of high human influence. Urban water body assessments were conducted by 1965 teachers and students and their consistency validated by rigorous scientific methods. The assessments revealed degradation of physical habitat, water quality, or biology in 91% of the evaluated urban stream sites. Increased knowledge concerning environmental stressors and biological responses by local citizens may increase their participation in public policy development and implementation. We conclude that participatory scientific monitoring is a viable way for improving science education, increasing social participation, and improving the ecosystem services provided by urban watercourses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Silva França
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Bentos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP 30161-970 Brazil
| | - Ricardo Solar
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP 30161-970 Brazil
| | - Robert M. Hughes
- Amnis Opes Institute, Department of Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331-3803 USA
| | - Marcos Callisto
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Bentos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP 30161-970 Brazil
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