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Kang L, Jiang D, England CG, Barnhart TE, Yu B, Rosenkrans ZT, Wang R, Engle JW, Xu X, Huang P, Cai W. ImmunoPET imaging of CD38 in murine lymphoma models using 89Zr-labeled daratumumab. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018; 45:1372-1381. [PMID: 29450576 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-018-3941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE CD38 is considered a potential biomarker for multiple myeloma (MM) and has shown a strong link with chronic lymphocytic leukemia due to high and uniform expression on plasma cells. In vivo evaluation of CD38 expression may provide useful information about lesion detection and prognosis of treatment in MM. In this study, immunoPET imaging with 89Zr-labeled daratumumab was used for differentiation of CD38 expression in murine lymphoma models to provide a potential non-invasive method for monitoring CD38 in the clinic. METHODS Daratumumab was radiolabeled with 89Zr (t1/2 = 78.4 h) via conjugation with desferrioxamine (Df). After Western blot (WB) was used to screen CD38 expression in five lymphoma cell lines, flow cytometry and cellular binding assays were performed to test the binding ability of labeled or conjugated daratumumab with CD38 in vitro. PET imaging and biodistribution studies were performed to evaluate CD38 expression after injection of 89Zr-Df-daratumumab. 89Zr-Df-IgG was also evaluated as a non-specific control group in the Ramos model. Finally, CD38 expression in tumor tissues was verified by histological analysis. RESULTS Using WB screening, the Ramos cell line was found to express the highest level of CD38 while the HBL-1 cell line had the lowest expression. Df-conjugated and 89Zr-labeled daratumumab displayed similar high binding affinities with Ramos cells. PET imaging of 89Zr-Df-daratumumab showed a high tumor uptake of up to 26.6 ± 8.0 %ID/g for Ramos at 120 h post-injection, and only up to 6.6 ± 2.9 %ID/g for HBL-1 (n = 4). Additionally, 89Zr-Df-IgG demonstrated a low tumor uptake in the Ramos model (only 4.3 ± 0.8 %ID/g at 120 h post-injection). Ex vivo biodistribution studies showed similar trends with imaging results. Immunofluorescence staining of tumor tissues verified higher CD38 expression of Ramos than that of HBL-1. CONCLUSIONS The role of 89Zr-Df-daratumumab was investigated for evaluating CD38 expression in lymphoma models non-invasively and was found to be to a promising imaging agent of CD38-positive hematological diseases such as MM in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Christopher G England
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Todd E Barnhart
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | | | - Rongfu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jonathan W Engle
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Xiaojie Xu
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Peng Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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