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Hsu AP, Tseng CH, Barrat J, Lee SH, Shih YH, Wasniewski M, Mähl P, Chang CC, Lin CT, Chen RS, Tu WJ, Cliquet F, Tsai HJ. Safety, efficacy and immunogenicity evaluation of the SAG2 oral rabies vaccine in Formosan ferret badgers. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184831. [PMID: 28977009 PMCID: PMC5627901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2013, rabies cases have been reported among Formosan ferret badgers in Taiwan, and they have been shown to be the major reservoirs for Taiwanese enzootics. To control and eradicate rabies, the authorities plan to implement a vaccination programme. Before distributing live vaccines in the field, this study assessed the safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of SAG2 vaccine on ferret badgers by direct oral instillation. After application of 109 TCID50/dose, no virus was excreted into the oral cavity 1-7 days post-application, and safety was also satisfactorily verified over a 266-day period. Moreover, despite the low level of rabies virus neutralising antibodies induced after vaccination of a 108 TCID50/dose, the efficacy assessment revealed a 100% survival rate (15/15) of vaccinees and an 87.5% fatality rate (7/8) in control animals after a challenge on the 198th day post-vaccination. The immunisation and protection rates obtained more than 6 months after a single vaccination dose demonstrated that SAG2 is an ideal vaccine candidate to protect Formosan ferret badgers against rabies in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ping Hsu
- Division of Biologics, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Tseng
- Division of Biologics, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jacques Barrat
- Nancy OIE/WHO/EU Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Technopôle agricole et vétérinaire, Domaine de Pixérécourt, Malzéville, France
| | - Shu-Hwae Lee
- Animal Drugs Inspection Branch, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hua Shih
- Division of Biologics, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Marine Wasniewski
- Nancy OIE/WHO/EU Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Technopôle agricole et vétérinaire, Domaine de Pixérécourt, Malzéville, France
| | | | - Chia-Chia Chang
- Animal Drugs Inspection Branch, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ta Lin
- Animal Drugs Inspection Branch, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Re-Shang Chen
- Division of Biologics, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Tu
- Division of Biologics, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Florence Cliquet
- Nancy OIE/WHO/EU Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Technopôle agricole et vétérinaire, Domaine de Pixérécourt, Malzéville, France
| | - Hsiang-Jung Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Zoonoses Research Centre, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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