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Duan J, Wang F, Huang M, Yang M, Li S, Zhang G, Xu C, Tang C, Liu H. High-Performance Single-Crystal Lithium-Rich Layered Oxides Cathode Materials via Na 2WO 4-Assisted Sintering. Small 2024; 20:e2307998. [PMID: 38010124 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Single-crystal lithium-rich layered oxides (LLOs) with excellent mechanical properties can enhance their crystal structure stability. However, the conventional methods for preparing single-crystal LLOs, require large amounts of molten salt additives, involve complicated washing steps, and increase the difficulty of large-scale production. In this study, a sodium tungstate (Na2WO4)-assisted sintering method is proposed to fabricate high-performance single-crystal LLOs cathode materials without large amounts of additives and additional washing steps. During the sintering process, Na2WO4 promotes particle growth and forms a protective coating on the surface of LLOs particles, effectively suppressing the side reactions at the cathode/electrolyte interface. Additionally, trace amounts of Na and W atoms are doped into the LLOs lattice via gradient doping. Experimental results and theoretical calculations indicate that Na and W doping stabilizes the crystal structure and enhances the Li+ ions diffusion rate. The prepared single-crystal LLOs exhibit outstanding capacity retention of 82.7% (compared to 65.0%, after 200 cycles at 1 C) and a low voltage decay rate of 0.76 mV per cycle (compared to 1.80 mV per cycle). This strategy provides a novel pathway for designing the next-generation high-performance cathode materials for Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidong Duan
- Chengdu Development Center of Science and Technology of CAEP, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621907, P. R. China
| | - Fengqi Wang
- Chengdu Development Center of Science and Technology of CAEP, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, P. R. China
| | - Mengjie Huang
- Chengdu Development Center of Science and Technology of CAEP, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, P. R. China
| | - Maoxia Yang
- Chengdu Development Center of Science and Technology of CAEP, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, P. R. China
| | - Shaomin Li
- Chengdu Development Center of Science and Technology of CAEP, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, P. R. China
| | - Gen Zhang
- Chengdu Development Center of Science and Technology of CAEP, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, P. R. China
| | - Chen Xu
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621907, P. R. China
| | - Changyu Tang
- Chengdu Development Center of Science and Technology of CAEP, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- Chengdu Development Center of Science and Technology of CAEP, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, P. R. China
- Sichuan New Li-idea Energy Science and Technology Co., LTD, Shehong, Sichuan, 629200, P. R. China
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Jia D, Hao Z, Peng Y, Yan S, Hu W. Experimental Study on the Localized Deformation and Damage Behavior of Polymer-Bonded Explosive Simulant under Cyclic Compression. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:919. [PMID: 38399170 PMCID: PMC10890037 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Uniaxial cyclic compression tests were performed to investigate the compression deformation and damage of polymer-bonded explosive (PBX) simulant, particularly shear localization. The macroscopic mechanical behavior and mesoscale failure mechanisms of the PBX simulant were analyzed by optical observation and SEM scanning methods. After each cyclic compression, the specimen was scanned by X-ray computed tomography (CT), and the internal 3D deformation of the specimen was calculated using the digital volume correlation (DVC) method. The results show that the stress-strain curve of the PBX simulant exhibits five stages and coincides with the morphological changes on the surface of the specimen. The mesoscale failure mechanism is dominated by particle interface debonding and binder tearing, accompanied by a small amount of particle breakage. There are three bifurcation points (T1, T2, and T3) in the curves of the normal and shear strain components with compression strain. It was found that these bifurcation points can reflect the full progression of the specimen from inconspicuous damage to uniformly distributed damage, shear localization, and eventual macroscopic fracture. The strain invariant I1 can quantitatively and completely characterize the deformation and damage processes of the PBX simulant under cyclic compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jia
- Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China; (D.J.); (Y.P.); (S.Y.); (W.H.)
- Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Zhiming Hao
- Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China; (D.J.); (Y.P.); (S.Y.); (W.H.)
- Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Yunqiang Peng
- Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China; (D.J.); (Y.P.); (S.Y.); (W.H.)
| | - Shunping Yan
- Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China; (D.J.); (Y.P.); (S.Y.); (W.H.)
| | - Wenjun Hu
- Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China; (D.J.); (Y.P.); (S.Y.); (W.H.)
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Zhang X, Liang T, Tian J, Wu J, Wang C, Chen M. Anti-Spoofing Method for Improving GNSS Security by Jointly Monitoring Pseudo-Range Difference and Pseudo-Range Sum Sequence Linearity. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8418. [PMID: 37896511 PMCID: PMC10610812 DOI: 10.3390/s23208418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Spoofing interference is one of the most emerging threats to the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS); therefore, the research on anti-spoofing technology is of great significance to improving the security of GNSS. For single spoofing source interference, all the spoofing signals are broadcast from the same antenna. When the receiver is in motion, the pseudo-range of spoofing signals changes nonlinearly, while the difference between any two pseudo-ranges changes linearly. Authentic signals do not have this characteristic. On this basis, an anti-spoofing method is proposed by jointly monitoring the linearity of the pseudo-range difference (PRD) sequence and pseudo-range sum (PRS) sequence, which transforms the spoofing detection problem into the sequence linearity detection problem. In this paper, the model of PRD and PRS is derived, the hypothesis based on the linearity of PRD sequence and PRS sequence is given, and the detection performance of the method is evaluated. This method uses the sum of squares of errors (SSE) of linear fitting of the PRD sequence and PRS sequence to construct detection statistics, and has low computational complexity. Simulation results show that this method can effectively detect spoofing interference and distinguish spoofing signals from authentic signals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maolin Chen
- Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China; (X.Z.); (T.L.); (J.T.); (J.W.); (C.W.)
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Li S, Zhao Y, Wen W, Ma Y, Liu S, Chen G, Ye Y. Simple, non-mechanical and automatic calibration approach for axial-scanning microscopy with an electrically tunable lens. Microsc Res Tech 2023; 86:1391-1400. [PMID: 37119118 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
We describe a simple and robust calibration approach for axial-scanning microscopy that realizes axial focus shifts with an electrically tunable lens (ETL). We demonstrate the calibration approach based on a microscope with an ETL placed close to the rear stop of the objective lens. By introducing a target-consisted of repeating lines at one known frequency and placed at a ~45° angle to the imaging path, the calibration method captures multiple images at different ETL currents and calibrates the dependence of the axial focus shift on the ETL current by evaluating the sharpness of the captured images. It calibrates the dependence of the magnification of the microscope on the ETL current by measuring the period of the repeating lines in the captured images. The experimental results show that different from the conventional calibration procedure, the proposed scheme does not involve any mechanical scanning and can simultaneously calibrate the dependence of the axial focus shift and the magnification on the ETL current. This might facilitate imaging studies that require the measurement of fine structures in a 3D volume. We also show the calibration procedure can be used to estimate the radius of a conner-arc sample, fabricated using laser micromachining. We believe that this easy-to-use calibration approach may facilitate use of ETLs for a variety of imaging platforms. It may also provide new insights for the development of novel 3D surface measurement methods. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The proposed calibration scheme does not involve any mechanical scanning and can simultaneously calibrate the dependence of the axial focus shift and the magnification on the electrically tunable lens (ETL) current. It might facilitate imaging studies that require the measurement of fine structures in a 3D volume, and the use of ETLs for a variety of imaging platforms. It may also provide new insights for the development of novel 3D surface measurement methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengfu Li
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, China
| | - Weifent Wen
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, China
| | - Yuncan Ma
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, China
| | - Shouxian Liu
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, China
| | - Guanghua Chen
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, China
| | - Yan Ye
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, China
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Tian J, Fan Z, Ji Z, Li X, Fei P, Hou D. Multi-Parameter Estimation Method and Closed-Form Solution Study for k-µ Channel Model. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:4760. [PMID: 37430674 DOI: 10.3390/s23104760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel multi-parameter estimation algorithm for the k-µ fading channel model to analyze wireless transmission performance in complex time-varying and non-line-of-sight communication scenarios involving moving targets. The proposed estimator offers a mathematically tractable theoretical framework for the application of the k-µ fading channel model in realistic scenarios. Specifically, the algorithm obtains expressions for the moment-generating function of the k-µ fading distribution and eliminates the gamma function using the even-order moment value comparison method. It then obtains two sets of solution models for the moment-generating function at different orders, which enable the estimation of the k and µ parameters using three sets of closed-form solutions. The k and µ parameters are estimated based on received channel data samples generated using the Monte Carlo method to restore the distribution envelope of the received signal. Simulation results show strong agreement between theoretical and estimated values for the closed-form estimated solutions. Additionally, the differences in complexity, accuracy exhibited under different parameter settings, and robustness under decreasing SNR may make the estimators suitable for different practical application scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tian
- Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Zhongqing Fan
- Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Zhengyu Ji
- Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Xianglu Li
- Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Peng Fei
- High-Tech Institute, The First School, Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi'an 710025, China
| | - Dong Hou
- The School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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Li J, Geng Y, Xu Z, Zhang P, Garbarino G, Miao M, Hu Q, Wang X. Mechanochemistry and the Evolution of Ionic Bonds in Dense Silver Iodide. JACS Au 2023; 3:402-408. [PMID: 36873701 PMCID: PMC9975826 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
External mechanical stress alters the nature of chemical bonds and triggers novel reactions, providing interesting synthetic protocols to supplement traditional solvent- or thermo-based chemical approaches. The mechanisms of mechanochemistry have been well studied in organic materials made of a carbon-centered polymeric framework and covalence force field. They convert stress into anisotropic strain which will engineer the length and strength of targeted chemical bonds. Here, we show that by compressing silver iodide in a diamond anvil cell, the external mechanical stress weakens the Ag-I ionic bonds and activate the global diffusion of super-ions. In contrast to conventional mechanochemistry, mechanical stress imposes unbiased influence on the ionicity of chemical bonds in this archetypal inorganic salt. Our combined synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiment and first-principles calculation demonstrate that upon the critical point of ionicity, the strong ionic Ag-I bonds break down, leading to the recovery of elemental solids from a decomposition reaction. Instead of densification, our results reveal the mechanism of an unexpected decomposition reaction through hydrostatic compression and suggest the sophisticated chemistry of simple inorganic compounds under extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfu Li
- School
of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai
University, Yantai264005, P.R. China
| | - Yanlei Geng
- School
of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai
University, Yantai264005, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- School
of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai
University, Yantai264005, P.R. China
| | - Pinhua Zhang
- School
of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Linyi
University, Linyi276005, P.R. China
| | - Gaston Garbarino
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble38000, France
| | - Maosheng Miao
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California
State University, Northridge, California91330, United States
| | - Qingyang Hu
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing100094, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School
of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai
University, Yantai264005, P.R. China
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