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Thomas C, Timofeeva I, Bouchoucha E, Canceill T, Champion C, Groussolles M, Arnaud C, Vayssière C, Nabet C, Laurencin-Dalicieux S. Oral and periodontal assessment at the first trimester of pregnancy: The PERISCOPE longitudinal study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2023; 102:669-680. [PMID: 37101411 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis) are chronic non-communicable inflammatory diseases. The risk of developing gingivitis and periodontitis increases during pregnancy. Also, periodontitis increases the risk of developing adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and preeclampsia. Early diagnosis of adverse pregnancy outcomes is essential and periodontitis could be an early sign to take into consideration. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a longitudinal observational study (PERISCOPE study: CNIL, no. 1 967 084 v 0; CER, no. 01-0416) on 121 pregnant women in the first trimester to determine their oral and periodontal health status. We explored the relations between oral and periodontal health status and sociodemographic and behavior characteristics, as well as their course and outcome of pregnancy. RESULTS A total of 47.1% of the women had periodontitis, of which only 66.7% presented clinical manifestations associated with the disease such as gingival bleeding. These women had a poorer oral and periodontal health, and a higher body mass index, and more of them developed gestational diabetes during the course of pregnancy. The remaining 33.3% showed only discreet and isolated inflammatory signs and, unless thoroughly examined, would have gone undiagnosed for periodontitis. Interestingly these women were more often primiparous, still active professionally and had had a recent oral examination. CONCLUSIONS The PERISCOPE study is one of the few studies that reports the oral and periodontal health status of pregnant women in the first trimester. Furthermore, the results highlight the need for early oral and periodontal assessment and treatment, even in the absence of exterior clinical signs, in order to prevent periodontal disease aggravation and also, by reducing low grade systemic inflammation, possibly adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Thomas
- Periodontology Department, Toulouse's Teaching Hospital (CHU de Toulouse), Toulouse, France
- InCOMM, INSERM UMR 1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, France
| | - Inessa Timofeeva
- Oral Biology Department, Toulouse's Teaching Hospital (CHU de Toulouse), Toulouse, France
| | - Elyes Bouchoucha
- Prosthesis Department, Toulouse's Teaching Hospital (CHU de Toulouse), Toulouse, France
| | - Thibault Canceill
- InCOMM, INSERM UMR 1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, France
- Biomaterials Department, Toulouse's Teaching Hospital (CHU de Toulouse), Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Champion
- INRAE, MetaGenoPolis Unit, Domaine de Vilvert, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Marion Groussolles
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Toulouse's Teaching Hospital (CHU de Toulouse), Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Arnaud
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Toulouse's Teaching Hospital (CHU de Toulouse), Toulouse, France
- CERPOP (Center for Epidemiology and Research in POPulation health), Toulouse University, INSERM, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Vayssière
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Toulouse's Teaching Hospital (CHU de Toulouse), Toulouse, France
- CERPOP (Center for Epidemiology and Research in POPulation health), Toulouse University, INSERM, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Cathy Nabet
- CERPOP (Center for Epidemiology and Research in POPulation health), Toulouse University, INSERM, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
- Epidemiology Department, Toulouse's Teaching Hospital (CHU de Toulouse), Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Sara Laurencin-Dalicieux
- Periodontology Department, Toulouse's Teaching Hospital (CHU de Toulouse), Toulouse, France
- CERPOP (Center for Epidemiology and Research in POPulation health), Toulouse University, INSERM, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
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