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Furukawa F, Aoyagi A, Sano K, Sameshima K, Goto M, Tseng YC, Ikeda D, Lin CC, Uchida K, Okumura SI, Yasumoto K, Jimbo M, Hwang PP. Gluconeogenesis in the extraembryonic yolk syncytial layer of the zebrafish embryo. PNAS Nexus 2024; 3:pgae125. [PMID: 38585339 PMCID: PMC10997050 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Yolk-consuming (lecithotrophic) embryos of oviparous animals, such as those of fish, need to make do with the maternally derived yolk. However, in many cases, yolk possesses little carbohydrates and sugars, including glucose, the essential monosaccharide. Interestingly, increases in the glucose content were found in embryos of some teleost fishes; however, the origin of this glucose has been unknown. Unveiling new metabolic strategies in fish embryos has a potential for better aquaculture technologies. In the present study, using zebrafish, we assessed how these embryos obtain the glucose. We employed stable isotope (13C)-labeled substrates and injected them to the zebrafish embryos. Our liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based isotope tracking revealed that among all tested substrate, glutamate was most actively metabolized to produce glucose in the zebrafish embryos. Expression analysis for gluconeogenic genes found that many of these were expressed in the yolk syncytial layer (YSL), an extraembryonic tissue found in teleost fishes. Generation 0 (G0) knockout of pck2, a gene encoding the key enzyme for gluconeogenesis from Krebs cycle intermediates, reduced gluconeogenesis from glutamate, suggesting that this gene is responsible for gluconeogenesis from glutamate in the zebrafish embryos. These results showed that teleost YSL undergoes gluconeogenesis, likely contributing to the glucose supplementation to the embryos with limited glucose source. Since many other animal lineages lack YSL, further comparative analysis will be interesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiya Furukawa
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan ROC
| | - Akihiro Aoyagi
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kaori Sano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Keita Sameshima
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Miku Goto
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Yung-Che Tseng
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan ROC
| | - Daisuke Ikeda
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Ching-Chun Lin
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan ROC
| | - Katsuhisa Uchida
- Department of Marine Biology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Sei-ichi Okumura
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Ko Yasumoto
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Jimbo
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Pung-Pung Hwang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan ROC
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Shiba K, Zhuang C, Minami K, Imamura G, Tamura R, Samitsu S, Idei T, Yoshikawa G, Sun L, Weitz DA. Visualization of Flow-Induced Strain Using Structural Color in Channel-Free Polydimethylsiloxane Devices. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 10:e2204310. [PMID: 36394203 PMCID: PMC9811489 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Measuring flow of gases is of fundamental importance yet is typically done with complex equipment. There is, therefore, a longstanding need for a simple and inexpensive means of flow measurement. Here, gas flow is measured using an extremely simple device that consists of an Ar plasma-treated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) slab adhered on a glass substrate with a tight seal. This device does not even have a channel, instead, gas can flow between the PDMS and the glass by deforming the PDMS wall, in other words, by making an interstice as a temporary path for the flow. The formation of the temporary path results in a compressive bending stress at the inner wall of the path, which leads to the formation of well-ordered wrinkles, and hence, the emergence of structural color that changes the optical transmittance of the device. Although it is very simple, this setup works sufficiently well to measure arbitrary gases and analyzes their flow rates, densities, and viscosities based on the change in color. It is also demonstrated that this technique is applicable to the flow-induced display of a pattern such as a logo for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Shiba
- Center for Functional Sensor & Actuator (CFSN)Research Center for Functional MaterialsNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0044Japan
- Department of Physics and John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied SciencesHarvard University9 Oxford StreetCambridgeMA02138USA
| | - Chao Zhuang
- Center for Functional Sensor & Actuator (CFSN)Research Center for Functional MaterialsNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0044Japan
- Materials Science and EngineeringGraduate School of Pure and Applied ScienceUniversity of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐8571Japan
| | - Kosuke Minami
- Center for Functional Sensor & Actuator (CFSN)Research Center for Functional MaterialsNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0044Japan
| | - Gaku Imamura
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0044Japan
- Graduate School of Information Science and TechnologyOsaka University1‐2 YamadaokaSuita565‐0871Japan
| | - Ryo Tamura
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0044Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of Tokyo5‐1‐5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba277‐8568Japan
- Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System (MaDIS)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐2‐1 SengenTsukubaIbaraki305‐0047Japan
| | - Sadaki Samitsu
- Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System (MaDIS)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐2‐1 SengenTsukubaIbaraki305‐0047Japan
| | - Takumi Idei
- Center for Functional Sensor & Actuator (CFSN)Research Center for Functional MaterialsNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0044Japan
- Department of Applied ChemistryFaculty of Science and TechnologyChuo University1‐13‐27 Kasuga, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo112‐8551Japan
| | - Genki Yoshikawa
- Center for Functional Sensor & Actuator (CFSN)Research Center for Functional MaterialsNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0044Japan
- Materials Science and EngineeringGraduate School of Pure and Applied ScienceUniversity of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐8571Japan
| | - Luyi Sun
- Polymer ProgramInstitute of Materials Science and Department of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT06269USA
| | - David A. Weitz
- Department of Physics and John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied SciencesHarvard University9 Oxford StreetCambridgeMA02138USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired EngineeringHarvard University3 Blackfan StreetBostonMA02115USA
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