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Visani de Luna LA, Loret T, He Y, Legnani M, Lin H, Galibert AM, Fordham A, Holme S, Del Rio Castillo AE, Bonaccorso F, Bianco A, Flahaut E, Kostarelos K, Bussy C. Pulmonary Toxicity of Boron Nitride Nanomaterials Is Aspect Ratio Dependent. ACS Nano 2023; 17:24919-24935. [PMID: 38051272 PMCID: PMC10753895 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Boron nitride (BN) nanomaterials have drawn a lot of interest in the material science community. However, extensive research is still needed to thoroughly analyze their safety profiles. Herein, we investigated the pulmonary impact and clearance of two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets and boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) in mice. Animals were exposed by single oropharyngeal aspiration to h-BN or BNNTs. On days 1, 7, and 28, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids and lungs were collected. On one hand, adverse effects on lungs were evaluated using various approaches (e.g., immune response, histopathology, tissue remodeling, and genotoxicity). On the other hand, material deposition and clearance from the lungs were assessed. Two-dimensional h-BN did not cause any significant immune response or lung damage, although the presence of materials was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the low aspect ratio h-BN nanosheets were internalized rapidly by phagocytic cells present in alveoli, resulting in efficient clearance from the lungs. In contrast, high aspect ratio BNNTs caused a strong and long-lasting inflammatory response, characterized by sustained inflammation up to 28 days after exposure and the activation of both innate and adaptive immunity. Moreover, the presence of granulomatous structures and an indication of ongoing fibrosis as well as DNA damage in the lung parenchyma were evidenced with these materials. Concurrently, BNNTs were identified in lung sections for up to 28 days, suggesting long-term biopersistence, as previously demonstrated for other high aspect ratio nanomaterials with poor lung clearance such as multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Overall, we reveal the safer toxicological profile of BN-based two-dimensional nanosheets in comparison to their nanotube counterparts. We also report strong similarities between BNNTs and MWCNTs in lung response, emphasizing their high aspect ratio as a major driver of their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Augusto Visani de Luna
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science
Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
- Lydia
Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology,
Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
| | - Thomas Loret
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science
Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
- Lydia
Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology,
Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
| | - Yilin He
- CNRS,
Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University
of Strasbourg, ISIS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Morgan Legnani
- CIRIMAT,
Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse INP, CNRS, Université
de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Hazel Lin
- CNRS,
Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University
of Strasbourg, ISIS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Marie Galibert
- CIRIMAT,
Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse INP, CNRS, Université
de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Alexander Fordham
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science
Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
- Lydia
Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology,
Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
| | - Sonja Holme
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science
Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
- Lydia
Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology,
Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
| | | | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- BeDimensional
S.p.A., Lungo Torrente
Secca 30r, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Graphene Laboratories, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS,
Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University
of Strasbourg, ISIS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT,
Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse INP, CNRS, Université
de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science
Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST,, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science
Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
- Lydia
Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology,
Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
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2
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Papadopoulou K, G. Christopoulos SR. Transition Metal Layer Substitution in Mo 2CS 2 MXene for Improving Li Ion Surface Kinetics. ACS Omega 2023; 8:22992-22997. [PMID: 37396219 PMCID: PMC10308511 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
We study the adsorption and mobility of a Li ion on the surface of the Mo2CS2 MXene by means of Density Functional Theory. We find that by substituting the Mo atoms of the upper MXene layer with V the mobility of the Li ion can be improved up to 95% while the material retains its metallic character. This fact indicates that MoVCS2 is a promising candidate for anode electrode in Li-ion batteries, where the materials need to be conductive and the Li ion needs to have a small migration barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina
A. Papadopoulou
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, U.K.
- Faculty
of Engineering, Environment and Computing, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, U.K.
| | - Stavros-Richard G. Christopoulos
- Department
of Computer Science, School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD4 6DJ, U.K.
- Centre
for Computational Science and Mathematical Modelling, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2TU, U.K.
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3
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Cai J, Griffin E, Guarochico-Moreira V, Barry D, Xin B, Huang S, Geim AK, Peeters FM, Lozada-Hidalgo M. Photoaccelerated Water Dissociation Across One-Atom-Thick Electrodes. Nano Lett 2022; 22:9566-9570. [PMID: 36449567 PMCID: PMC9756329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent experiments demonstrated that interfacial water dissociation (H2O ⇆ H+ + OH-) could be accelerated exponentially by an electric field applied to graphene electrodes, a phenomenon related to the Wien effect. Here we report an order-of-magnitude acceleration of the interfacial water dissociation reaction under visible-light illumination. This process is accompanied by spatial separation of protons and hydroxide ions across one-atom-thick graphene and enhanced by strong interfacial electric fields. The found photoeffect is attributed to the combination of graphene's perfect selectivity with respect to protons, which prevents proton-hydroxide recombination, and to proton transport acceleration by the Wien effect, which occurs in synchrony with the water dissociation reaction. Our findings provide fundamental insights into ion dynamics near atomically thin proton-selective interfaces and suggest that strong interfacial fields can enhance and tune very fast ionic processes, which is of relevance for applications in photocatalysis and designing reconfigurable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Cai
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, The University
of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- College
of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National
University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Eoin Griffin
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, The University
of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Victor Guarochico-Moreira
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, The University
of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Escuela
Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Donnchadh Barry
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Benhao Xin
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, The University
of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Shiqi Huang
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, The University
of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Andre K. Geim
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, The University
of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Francois. M. Peeters
- Departement
Fysica, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marcelo Lozada-Hidalgo
- National
Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, The University
of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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4
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Hu CX, Read O, Shin Y, Chen Y, Wang J, Boyes M, Zeng N, Panigrahi A, Kostarelos K, Larrosa I, Vranic S, Casiraghi C. Effects of Lateral Size, Thickness, and Stabilizer Concentration on the Cytotoxicity of Defect-Free Graphene Nanosheets: Implications for Biological Applications. ACS Appl Nano Mater 2022; 5:12626-12636. [PMID: 36185165 PMCID: PMC9513747 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.2c02403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we apply liquid cascade centrifugation to highly concentrated graphene dispersions produced by liquid-phase exfoliation in water with an insoluble bis-pyrene stabilizer to obtain fractions containing nanosheets with different lateral size distributions. The concentration, stability, size, thickness, and the cytotoxicity profile are studied as a function of the initial stabilizer concentration for each fraction. Our results show that there is a critical initial amount of stabilizer (0.4 mg/mL) above which the dispersions show reduced concentration, stability, and biocompatibility, no matter the lateral size of the flakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Xia Hu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Oliver Read
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Yuyoung Shin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Yingxian Chen
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, AV Hill Building, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- National
Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Matthew Boyes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Niting Zeng
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Adyasha Panigrahi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, AV Hill Building, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- National
Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), UAB Campus Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Igor Larrosa
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Sandra Vranic
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, AV Hill Building, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- National
Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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5
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Slizovskiy S, Garcia-Ruiz A, Berdyugin A, Xin N, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Geim AK, Drummond ND, Fal’ko V. Out-of-Plane Dielectric Susceptibility of Graphene in Twistronic and Bernal Bilayers. Nano Lett 2021; 21:6678-6683. [PMID: 34296602 PMCID: PMC8361429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We describe how the out-of-plane dielectric polarizability of monolayer graphene influences the electrostatics of bilayer graphene-both Bernal (BLG) and twisted (tBLG). We compare the polarizability value computed using density functional theory with the output from previously published experimental data on the electrostatically controlled interlayer asymmetry potential in BLG and data on the on-layer density distribution in tBLG. We show that monolayers in tBLG are described well by polarizability αexp = 10.8 Å3 and effective out-of-plane dielectric susceptibility ϵz = 2.5, including their on-layer electron density distribution at zero magnetic field and the interlayer Landau level pinning at quantizing magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Slizovskiy
- National
Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth St.E., M13 9PL Manchester, U.K.
- Dept.
of Physics & Astronomy, University of
Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Aitor Garcia-Ruiz
- National
Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth St.E., M13 9PL Manchester, U.K.
- Dept.
of Physics & Astronomy, University of
Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Alexey
I. Berdyugin
- National
Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth St.E., M13 9PL Manchester, U.K.
- Dept.
of Physics & Astronomy, University of
Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Na Xin
- National
Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth St.E., M13 9PL Manchester, U.K.
- Dept.
of Physics & Astronomy, University of
Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- National
Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- National
Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Andre K. Geim
- National
Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth St.E., M13 9PL Manchester, U.K.
- Dept.
of Physics & Astronomy, University of
Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Neil D. Drummond
- Department
of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, U.K.
| | - Vladimir
I. Fal’ko
- National
Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth St.E., M13 9PL Manchester, U.K.
- Dept.
of Physics & Astronomy, University of
Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute for Advanced Materials, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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