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Thamarath SS, Tee CA, Neo SH, Yang D, Othman R, Boyer LA, Han J. Rapid and Live-Cell Detection of Senescence in Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Micro Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:266-280. [PMID: 36988042 PMCID: PMC10184698 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Detection of cellular senescence is important quality analytics of cell therapy products, including mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). However, its detection is critically limited by the lack of specific markers and the destructive assays used to read out these markers. Here, we establish a rapid, live-cell assay for detecting senescent cells in heterogeneous mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) cultures. We report that the T2 relaxation time measured by microscale Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry, which is related to intracellular iron accumulation, correlates strongly with senescence markers in MSC cultures under diverse conditions, including different passages and donors, size-sorted MSCs by inertial spiral microfluidic device, and drug-induced senescence. In addition, the live-cell and non-destructive method presented here has general applicability to other cells and tissues and can critically advance our understanding of cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smitha Surendran Thamarath
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART-Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine (CAMP) IRG 1 Create Way, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART)-Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR) IRG 1 Create Way, Innovation Wing, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching Ann Tee
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART-Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine (CAMP) IRG 1 Create Way, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Tissue Engineering Program is NUS Tissue Engineering Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu Hui Neo
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART-Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine (CAMP) IRG 1 Create Way, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dahou Yang
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART-Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine (CAMP) IRG 1 Create Way, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rashidah Othman
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART-Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine (CAMP) IRG 1 Create Way, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Laurie A Boyer
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART-Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine (CAMP) IRG 1 Create Way, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jongyoon Han
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART-Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine (CAMP) IRG 1 Create Way, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART)-Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR) IRG 1 Create Way, Innovation Wing, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Wu TY, Hoh KL, Boonyaves K, Krishnamoorthi S, Urano D. Diversification of heat shock transcription factors expanded thermal stress responses during early plant evolution. Plant Cell 2022; 34:3557-3576. [PMID: 35849348 PMCID: PMC9516188 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The copy numbers of many plant transcription factor (TF) genes substantially increased during terrestrialization. This allowed TFs to acquire new specificities and thus create gene regulatory networks (GRNs) with new biological functions to help plants adapt to terrestrial environments. Through characterizing heat shock factor (HSF) genes MpHSFA1 and MpHSFB1 in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, we explored how heat-responsive GRNs widened their functions in M. polymorpha and Arabidopsis thaliana. An interspecies comparison of heat-induced transcriptomes and the evolutionary rates of HSFs demonstrated the emergence and subsequent rapid evolution of HSFB prior to terrestrialization. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses of M. polymorpha HSF-null mutants revealed that MpHSFA1 controls canonical heat responses such as thermotolerance and metabolic changes. MpHSFB1 also plays essential roles in heat responses, as well as regulating developmental processes including meristem branching and antheridiophore formation. Analysis of cis-regulatory elements revealed development- and stress-related TFs that function directly or indirectly downstream of HSFB. Male gametophytes of M. polymorpha showed higher levels of thermotolerance than female gametophytes, which could be explained by different expression levels of MpHSFA1U and MpHSFA1V on sex chromosome. We propose that the diversification of HSFs is linked to the expansion of HS responses, which enabled coordinated multicellular reactions in land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kar Ling Hoh
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Kulaporn Boonyaves
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, 117604, Singapore
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore
| | | | - Daisuke Urano
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117558, Singapore
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore
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Boonyaves K, Wu TY, Dong Y, Urano D. Interplay between ARABIDOPSIS Gβ and WRKY transcription factors differentiates environmental stress responses. Plant Physiol 2022; 190:813-827. [PMID: 35748759 PMCID: PMC9434291 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Different environmental stresses often evoke similar physiological disorders such as growth retardation; however, specific consequences reported among individual stresses indicate potential mechanisms to distinguish different stress types in plants. Here, we examined mechanisms to differentiate between stress types in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Gene expression patterns recapitulating several abiotic stress responses suggested abscisic acid (ABA) as a mediator of the common stress response, while stress type-specific responses were related to metabolic adaptations. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses identified Arabidopsis Gβ (AGB1) mediating the common stress-responsive genes and primary metabolisms under nitrogen excess. AGB1 regulated the expressions of multiple WRKY transcription factors. Gene Ontology and mutant analyses revealed different roles among WRKYs: WRKY40 is involved in ABA and common stress responses, while WRKY75 regulates metabolic processes. The AGB1-WRKY signaling module controlled developmental plasticity in roots under nitrogen excess. Signal transmission from AGB1 to a selective set of WRKYs would be essential to evoke unique responses to different types of stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting-Ying Wu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Yating Dong
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore
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Bourguignon T, Lo N, Šobotník J, Sillam-Dussès D, Roisin Y, Evans TA. Oceanic dispersal, vicariance and human introduction shaped the modern distribution of the termites Reticulitermes, Heterotermes and Coptotermes. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 283:20160179. [PMID: 27030416 PMCID: PMC4822470 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reticulitermes, Heterotermes and Coptotermes form a small termite clade with partly overlapping distributions. Although native species occur across all continents, the factors influencing their distribution are poorly known. Here, we reconstructed the historical biogeography of these termites using mitochondrial genomes of species collected on six continents. Our analyses showed that Reticulitermes split from Heterotermes + Coptotermesat 59.5 Ma (49.9-69.5 Ma 95% CI), yet the oldest split within Reticulitermes(Eurasia and North America) is 16.1 Ma (13.4-19.5 Ma) and the oldest split within Heterotermes + Coptotermesis 36.0 Ma (33.9-40.5 Ma). We detected 14 disjunctions between biogeographical realms, all of which occurred within the last 34 Ma, not only after the break-up of Pangaea, but also with the continents in similar to current positions. Land dispersal over land bridges explained four disjunctions, oceanic dispersal by wood rafting explained eight disjunctions, and human introduction was the source of two recent disjunctions. These wood-eating termites, therefore, appear to have acquired their modern worldwide distribution through multiple dispersal processes, with oceanic dispersal and human introduction favoured by the ecological traits of nesting in wood and producing replacement reproductives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bourguignon
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Nathan Lo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Jan Šobotník
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Sillam-Dussès
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Sorbonne Universités, iEES-Paris, Bondy U 242, France Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, LEEC, Villetaneuse EA 4443, France
| | - Yves Roisin
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Theodore A Evans
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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