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Mohd Khairuddin AN, Bogale B, Kang J, Gallagher JE. Impact of dental visiting patterns on oral health: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. BDJ Open 2024; 10:18. [PMID: 38448428 PMCID: PMC10917741 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-024-00195-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To systematically review longitudinal studies investigating the impact of dental visiting patterns on oral health across the life course. METHODS Five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL) were searched up to March 2023. Results were screened based on eligibility criteria in a two-stage process: title and abstract, and full-text review. A backward search of reference lists and a forward search of citations of the included papers was also conducted. The quality of the included papers was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Key study information was extracted and a narrative synthesis of the findings was performed. RESULTS Eleven papers from five longitudinal studies in five countries (Australia, Brazil, China, New Zealand, Sweden) met the inclusion criteria. Studies of moderate to high quality consistently reported that regular dental attendance was associated with having less dental caries experience, fewer missing teeth and better oral health-related quality of life. Inconsistent findings were observed for decayed teeth, and no association was found for periodontal condition. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights an association between regular dental visiting pattern and improved oral health, notably less dental caries experience and better oral health-related quality of life. Dental attendance emerges as an important predictor of oral health across the life course, underscoring the importance of routine dental care. REGISTRATION INFORMATION The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42023396380.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Najwa Mohd Khairuddin
- Dental Public Health, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- Department of Community Oral Health & Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Birke Bogale
- Dental Public Health, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, St Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Jing Kang
- Oral Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jennifer E Gallagher
- Dental Public Health, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Idris N, Leong KH, Wong EH, Abdul Rahim N. Unveiling synergism of polymyxin B with chloramphenicol derivatives against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2023; 76:711-719. [PMID: 37821539 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-023-00659-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymyxins are last-line antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae but using polymyxins alone may not be effective due to emerging resistance. A previous study found that combining polymyxin B with chloramphenicol effectively kills MDR K. pneumoniae, although the bone marrow toxicity of chloramphenicol is concerning. The aim of this study is to assess the antibacterial efficacy and cytotoxicity of polymyxin B when combined with chloramphenicol and its derivatives, namely thiamphenicol and florfenicol (reported to have lesser toxicity compared to chloramphenicol). The antibacterial activity was evaluated with antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broth microdilution and time-kill assays, while the cytotoxic effect on normal bone marrow cell line, HS-5 was evaluated using the MTT assay. All bacterial isolates tested were found to be susceptible to polymyxin B, but resistant to chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, and florfenicol when used alone. The use of polymyxin B alone showed bacterial regrowth for all isolates at 24 h. The combination of polymyxin B and florfenicol demonstrated additive and synergistic effects against all isolates (≥ 2 log10 cfu ml-1 reduction) at 4 and 24 h, respectively, while the combination of polymyxin B and thiamphenicol resulted in synergistic killing at 24 h against ATCC BAA-2146. Furthermore, the combination of polymyxin B with florfenicol had the lowest cytotoxic effect on the HS-5 cells compared to polymyxin B combination with chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol. Overall, the combination of polymyxin B with florfenicol enhanced bacterial killing against MDR K. pneumoniae and exerted minimal cytotoxic effect on HS-5 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurulain Idris
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok Hoong Leong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eng Hwa Wong
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- Medical Advancement for Better Quality of Life Impact Lab, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Nusaibah Abdul Rahim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Dubern JF, Romero M, Mai-Prochnow A, Messina M, Trampari E, Gijzel HNV, Chan KG, Carabelli AM, Barraud N, Lazenby J, Chen Y, Robertson S, Malone JG, Williams P, Heeb S, Cámara M. ToxR is a c-di-GMP binding protein that modulates surface-associated behaviour in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:64. [PMID: 35982053 PMCID: PMC9388670 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00325-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses multiple protein regulators that work in tandem to control the production of a wide range of virulence factors and facilitate rapid adaptation to diverse environmental conditions. In this opportunistic pathogen, ToxR was known to positively regulate the production of the major virulence factor exotoxin A and now, through analysis of genetic changes between two sublines of P. aeruginosa PAO1 and functional complementation of swarming, we have identified a previously unknown role of ToxR in surface-associated motility in P. aeruginosa. Further analysis revealed that ToxR had an impact on swarming motility by regulating the Rhl quorum sensing system and subsequent production of rhamnolipid surfactants. Additionally, ToxR was found to tightly bind cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) and negatively affect traits controlled by this second messenger including reducing biofilm formation and the expression of Psl and Pel exopolysaccharides, necessary for attachment and sessile communities matrix scaffolding, in P. aeruginosa. Moreover, a link between the post-transcriptional regulator RsmA and toxR expression via the alternative sigma factor PvdS, induced under iron-limiting conditions, is established. This study reveals the importance of ToxR in a sophisticated regulation of free-living and biofilm-associated lifestyles, appropriate for establishing acute or chronic P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Frédéric Dubern
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Manuel Romero
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anne Mai-Prochnow
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marco Messina
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleftheria Trampari
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Hardeep Naghra-van Gijzel
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Genomic Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, UK
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Alessandro M Carabelli
- School of Pharmacy, Boots Science Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicolas Barraud
- Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Genetics of Biofilms Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - James Lazenby
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Ye Chen
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Q Squared Solutions, Crystal Plaza, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaun Robertson
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jacob G Malone
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Paul Williams
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Stephan Heeb
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Miguel Cámara
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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Sukri N, Ramdzan SN, Liew SM, Salim H, Khoo EM. Perceptions of childhood asthma and its control among Malays in Malaysia: a qualitative study. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med 2020; 30:26. [PMID: 32513948 PMCID: PMC7280185 DOI: 10.1038/s41533-020-0185-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with poor asthma control have poor health outcomes. In Malaysia, the Malays have the highest asthma prevalence and poorest control compared to other ethnicities. We aimed to explore Malay children with asthma and their parents' perceptions on asthma and its control. We conducted focus group discussions (FGD) using a semi-structured interview guide. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Sixteen children and parents (N = 32) participated. The perception of asthma was based on personal experience, cultural and religious beliefs, and there was mismatch between children and parents. Parents perceived mild symptoms as normal, some had poor practices, raising safety concerns as children were dependent on them for self-management. Conflicting religious opinions on inhaler use during Ramadhan caused confusion in practice. Parents perceived a lack of system support towards asthma care and asthma affected quality of life. Urgent intervention is needed to address misconceptions to improve asthma care in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nursyuhada Sukri
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nurkamilla Ramdzan
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Su May Liew
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hani Salim
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ee Ming Khoo
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Thiha A, Ibrahim F, Muniandy S, Madou MJ. Microplasma direct writing for site-selective surface functionalization of carbon microelectrodes. Microsyst Nanoeng 2019; 5:62. [PMID: 31754454 PMCID: PMC6859161 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-019-0103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon micro- and nanoelectrodes fabricated by carbon microelectromechanical systems (carbon MEMS) are increasingly used in various biosensors and supercapacitor applications. Surface modification of as-produced carbon electrodes with oxygen functional groups is sometimes necessary for biofunctionalization or to improve electrochemical properties. However, conventional surface treatment methods have a limited ability for selective targeting of parts of a surface area for surface modification without using complex photoresist masks. Here, we report microplasma direct writing as a simple, low-cost, and low-power technique for site-selective plasma patterning of carbon MEMS electrodes with oxygen functionalities. In microplasma direct writing, a high-voltage source generates a microplasma discharge between a microelectrode tip and a target surface held at atmospheric pressure. In our setup, water vapor acts as an ionic precursor for the carboxylation and hydroxylation of carbon surface atoms. Plasma direct writing increases the oxygen content of an SU-8-derived pyrolytic carbon surface from ~3 to 27% while reducing the carbon-to-oxygen ratio from 35 to 2.75. Specifically, a microplasma treatment increases the number of carbonyl, carboxylic, and hydroxyl functional groups with the largest increase observed for carboxylic functionalities. Furthermore, water microplasma direct writing improves the hydrophilicity and the electrochemical performance of carbon electrodes with a contact-angle change from ~90° to ~20°, a reduction in the anodic peak to cathodic peak separation from 0.5 V to 0.17 V, and a 5-fold increase in specific capacitance from 8.82 mF∙cm-2 to 46.64 mF∙cm-2. The plasma direct-writing technology provides an efficient and easy-to-implement method for the selective surface functionalization of carbon MEMS electrodes for electrochemical and biosensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aung Thiha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shalini Muniandy
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute of Graduate Studies, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Marc J. Madou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
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