1
|
Wang Z, Nie Q, Sun H, Wang Q, Borri S, De Natale P, Ren W. Cavity-enhanced photoacoustic dual-comb spectroscopy. Light Sci Appl 2024; 13:11. [PMID: 38177145 PMCID: PMC10767139 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Photoacoustic dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS), converting spectral information in the optical frequency domain to the audio frequency domain via multi-heterodyne beating, enables background-free spectral measurements with high resolution and broad bandwidth. However, the detection sensitivity remains limited due to the low power of individual comb lines and the lack of broadband acoustic resonators. Here, we develop cavity-enhanced photoacoustic DCS, which overcomes these limitations by using a high-finesse optical cavity for the power amplification of dual-frequency combs and a broadband acoustic resonator with a flat-top frequency response. We demonstrate high-resolution spectroscopic measurements of trace amounts of C2H2, NH3 and CO in the entire telecommunications C-band. The method shows a minimum detection limit of 0.6 ppb C2H2 at the measurement time of 100 s, corresponding to the noise equivalent absorption coefficient of 7 × 10-10 cm-1. The proposed cavity-enhanced photoacoustic DCS may open new avenues for ultrasensitive, high-resolution, and multi-species gas detection with widespread applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Qinxue Nie
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Haojia Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130033, Changchun, China.
| | - Simone Borri
- CNR-INO-Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, and LENS-European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Paolo De Natale
- CNR-INO-Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, and LENS-European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cai M, Wang Z, Xiao J, Hu X, Chen G, Yang C. XMAP: Cross-population fine-mapping by leveraging genetic diversity and accounting for confounding bias. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6870. [PMID: 37898663 PMCID: PMC10613261 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42614-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Fine-mapping prioritizes risk variants identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs), serving as a critical step to uncover biological mechanisms underlying complex traits. However, several major challenges still remain for existing fine-mapping methods. First, the strong linkage disequilibrium among variants can limit the statistical power and resolution of fine-mapping. Second, it is computationally expensive to simultaneously search for multiple causal variants. Third, the confounding bias hidden in GWAS summary statistics can produce spurious signals. To address these challenges, we develop a statistical method for cross-population fine-mapping (XMAP) by leveraging genetic diversity and accounting for confounding bias. By using cross-population GWAS summary statistics from global biobanks and genomic consortia, we show that XMAP can achieve greater statistical power, better control of false positive rate, and substantially higher computational efficiency for identifying multiple causal signals, compared to existing methods. Importantly, we show that the output of XMAP can be integrated with single-cell datasets, which greatly improves the interpretation of putative causal variants in their cellular context at single-cell resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511458, China
- Department of Mathematics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiashun Xiao
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Xianghong Hu
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511458, China
- Department of Mathematics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- WeGene, Shenzhen Zaozhidao Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518040, China
- Graduate Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Can Yang
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511458, China.
- Department of Mathematics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang W, Qi J, Wu Z, Zhai W, Pan Y, Bao K, Zhai L, Wu J, Ke C, Wang L, Ding M, He Q. On-chip electrocatalytic microdevices. Nat Protoc 2023; 18:2891-2926. [PMID: 37596356 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-023-00866-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
On-chip electrocatalytic microdevices (OCEMs) are an emerging electrochemical platform specialized for investigating nanocatalysts at the microscopic level. The OCEM platform allows high-precision electrochemical measurements at the individual nanomaterial level and, more importantly, offers unique perspectives inaccessible with conventional electrochemical methods. This protocol describes the critical concepts, experimental standardization, operational principles and data analysis of OCEMs. Specifically, standard protocols for the measurement of the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction of individual 2D nanosheets are introduced with data validation, interpretation and benchmarking. A series of factors (e.g., the exposed area of material, the choice of passivation layer and current leakage) that could have effects on the accuracy and reliability of measurement are discussed. In addition, as an example of the high adaptability of OCEMs, the protocol for in situ electrical transport measurement is detailed. We believe that this protocol will promote the general adoption of the OCEM platform and inspire further development in the near future. This protocol requires essential knowledge in chemical synthesis, device fabrication and electrochemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junlei Qi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zongxiao Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanghang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Bao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingkun Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chengxuan Ke
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mengning Ding
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qiyuan He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Sun M, Zhou J, Xiong Y, Zhang Q, Ye C, Wang X, Lu P, Feng T, Hao F, Liu F, Wang J, Ma Y, Yin J, Chu S, Gu L, Huang B, Fan Z. Atomic coordination environment engineering of bimetallic alloy nanostructures for efficient ammonia electrosynthesis from nitrate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306461120. [PMID: 37523530 PMCID: PMC10410719 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306461120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) to ammonia has been regarded as a promising strategy to balance the global nitrogen cycle. However, it still suffers from poor Faradaic efficiency (FE) and limited yield rate for ammonia production on heterogeneous electrocatalysts, especially in neutral solutions. Herein, we report one-pot synthesis of ultrathin nanosheet-assembled RuFe nanoflowers with low-coordinated Ru sites to enhance NO3RR performances in neutral electrolyte. Significantly, RuFe nanoflowers exhibit outstanding ammonia FE of 92.9% and yield rate of 38.68 mg h-1 mgcat-1 (64.47 mg h-1 mgRu-1) at -0.30 and -0.65 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode), respectively. Experimental studies and theoretical calculations reveal that RuFe nanoflowers with low-coordinated Ru sites are highly electroactive with an increased d-band center to guarantee efficient electron transfer, leading to low energy barriers of nitrate reduction. The demonstration of rechargeable zinc-nitrate batteries with large-specific capacity using RuFe nanoflowers indicates their great potential in next-generation electrochemical energy systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Mingzi Sun
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Yuecheng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Chenliang Ye
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Xixi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Pengyi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Tianyi Feng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Fengkun Hao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Yangbo Ma
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Jinwen Yin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Shengqi Chu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Bolong Huang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Zhanxi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen518057, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao P, Wei Y, Wan RE, Wong KW, Iu HTV, Tai SSC, Li Y, Yam HCB, Halebeedu Prakash P, Chen JHK, Ho PL, Yuen KY, Davies J, Kao RYT. Subinhibitory Concentrations of Antibiotics Exacerbate Staphylococcal Infection by Inducing Bacterial Virulence. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0064022. [PMID: 35758685 PMCID: PMC9431598 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00640-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are widely used for the treatment of bacterial infections. However, injudicious use of antibiotics based on an empirical method may lead to the emergence of resistant strains. Despite appropriate administration of antibiotics, their concentrations may remain subinhibitory in the body, due to individual variations in tissue distribution and metabolism rates. This may promote bacterial virulence and complicate the treatment strategies. To investigate whether the administration of certain classes of antibiotics will induce bacterial virulence and worsen the infection under in vivo conditions. Different classes of antibiotics were tested in vitro for their ability to induce virulence in a methicillin-resistant S. aureus strain Mu3 and clinical isolates. Antibiotic-induced pathogenicity was assessed in vivo using mouse peritonitis and bacteremia models. In vitro, β-lactam antibiotics and tetracyclines induced the expression of multiple surface-associated virulence factors as well as the secretion of toxins. In peritonitis and bacteremia models, mice infected with MRSA and treated with ampicillin, ceftazidime, or tetracycline showed enhanced bacterial pathogenicity. The release of induced virulence factors in vivo was confirmed in a histological examination. Subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics belonging to β-lactam and tetracycline aggravated infection by inducing staphylococcal virulence in vivo. Thus, when antibiotics are required, it is preferable to employ combination therapy and to initiate the appropriate treatment plan, following diagnosis. Our findings emphasize the risks associated with antibiotic-based therapy and underline the need for alternative therapeutic options. IMPORTANCE Antibiotics are widely applied to treat infectious diseases. Empirically treatment with incorrect antibiotics, or even correct antibiotics always falls into subinhibitory concentrations, due to dosing, distribution, or secretion. In this study, we have systematically evaluated in vitro virulence induction effect of antibiotics and in vivo exacerbated infection. The major highlight of this work is to prove the β-lactam and tetracyclines antibiotics exacerbated disease is due to their induction effect on staphylococcal virulence. This phenomenon is common and suggests that if β-lactam antibiotics remain the first line of defense during empirical therapy, we either need to increase patient reliability or the treatment approach may improve in the future when paired with anti-virulence drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yuanxin Wei
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Rachel Evelyn Wan
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Ka Wing Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Ho Ting Venice Iu
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Sherlock Shing Chiu Tai
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yongli Li
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Hin Cheung Bill Yam
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Pradeep Halebeedu Prakash
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Jonathan Hon Kwan Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Pak Leung Ho
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Julian Davies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard Yi Tsun Kao
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Islam KA, Chow LKY, Kam NW, Wang Y, Chiang CL, Choi HCW, Xia YF, Lee AWM, Ng WT, Dai W. Prognostic Biomarkers for Survival in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2122. [PMID: 35565251 PMCID: PMC9103785 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aims to identify prognostic molecular biomarkers which demonstrate strong evidence and a low risk of bias in predicting the survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. The literature was searched for on PubMed to identify original clinical studies and meta-analyses which reported associations between molecular biomarkers and survival, including ≥150 patients with a survival analysis, and the results were validated in at least one independent cohort, while meta-analyses must include ≥1000 patients with a survival analysis. Seventeen studies fulfilled these criteria-two studies on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), three studies on methylation biomarkers, two studies on microRNA biomarkers, one study on mutational signature, six studies on gene expression panels, and three meta-analyses on gene expressions. The comparison between the hazard ratios of high-risk and low-risk patients along with a multivariate analysis are used to indicate that these biomarkers have significant independent prognostic values for survival. The biomarkers also indicate a response to certain treatments and whether they could be used as therapeutic targets. This review highlights that patients' genetics, epigenetics, and signatures of cancer and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a vital role in determining their survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazi Anisha Islam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.A.I.); (L.K.-Y.C.); (N.W.K.); (C.L.C.); (H.C.-W.C.); (A.W.-M.L.)
| | - Larry Ka-Yue Chow
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.A.I.); (L.K.-Y.C.); (N.W.K.); (C.L.C.); (H.C.-W.C.); (A.W.-M.L.)
| | - Ngar Woon Kam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.A.I.); (L.K.-Y.C.); (N.W.K.); (C.L.C.); (H.C.-W.C.); (A.W.-M.L.)
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.W.); (Y.-F.X.)
| | - Chi Leung Chiang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.A.I.); (L.K.-Y.C.); (N.W.K.); (C.L.C.); (H.C.-W.C.); (A.W.-M.L.)
| | - Horace Cheuk-Wai Choi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.A.I.); (L.K.-Y.C.); (N.W.K.); (C.L.C.); (H.C.-W.C.); (A.W.-M.L.)
| | - Yun-Fei Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.W.); (Y.-F.X.)
| | - Anne Wing-Mui Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.A.I.); (L.K.-Y.C.); (N.W.K.); (C.L.C.); (H.C.-W.C.); (A.W.-M.L.)
- Center of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518009, China
| | - Wai Tong Ng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.A.I.); (L.K.-Y.C.); (N.W.K.); (C.L.C.); (H.C.-W.C.); (A.W.-M.L.)
- Center of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518009, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.A.I.); (L.K.-Y.C.); (N.W.K.); (C.L.C.); (H.C.-W.C.); (A.W.-M.L.)
- Center of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518009, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kan RLD, Mak ADP, Chan SKW, Zhang BBB, Fong KNK, Kranz GS. Protocol for a prospective open-label clinical trial to investigate the utility of concurrent TBS/fNIRS for antidepressant treatment optimisation. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e053896. [PMID: 35144953 PMCID: PMC8845219 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with theta burst stimulation (i.e. TBS) of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is an innovative treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, fewer than 50% of patients show sufficient response to this treatment; markers for response prediction are urgently needed. Research shows considerable individual variability in the brain responses to rTMS. However, whether differences in individual DLPFC modulation by rTMS can be used as a predictive marker for treatment response remains to be investigated. Here, we present a research programme that will exploit the combination of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) with brain stimulation. Concurrent TBS/fNIRS will allow us to systematically investigate TBS-induced modulation of blood oxygenation as a proxy for induced brain activity changes. The findings from this study will (1) elucidate the immediate effects of excitatory and inhibitory TBS on prefrontal activity in TBS treatment-naïve patients with MDD and (2) validate the potential utility of TBS-induced brain modulation at baseline for the prediction of antidepressant response to 4 weeks of daily TBS treatment. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Open-label, parallel-group experiment consisting of two parts. In part 1, 70 patients and 37 healthy controls will be subjected to concurrent TBS/fNIRS. Intermittent TBS (iTBS) and continuous TBS (cTBS) will be applied on the left and right DLPFC, respectively. fNIRS data will be acquired before, during and several minutes after stimulation. In part 2, patients who participated in part 1 will receive a 4 week iTBS treatment of the left DLPFC, performed daily for 5 days per week. Psychometric evaluation will be performed periodically and at 1 month treatment follow-up. Statistical analysis will include a conventional, as well as a machine learning approach. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board. Findings will be disseminated through scientific journals, conferences and university courses. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04526002.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L D Kan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Arthur D P Mak
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sherry K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bella B B Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth N K Fong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Georg S Kranz
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|