1
|
Tsoi JYH, Cai J, Situ J, Lam WJ, Shun EHK, Leung JKY, Chen LL, Chan BPC, Yeung ML, Li X, Chan KH, Wong JSC, Kwan MYW, To KKW, Yuen KY, Sridhar S. Autoantibodies against angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) after COVID-19 infection or vaccination. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29313. [PMID: 38100626 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Autoantibodies against angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) are frequently reported in patients during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with evidence for a pathogenic role in severe infection. However, little is known of the prevalence or clinical significance of ACE2 autoantibodies in late convalescence or following COVID-19 vaccination. In this study, we measured ACE2 autoantibodies in a cohort of 182 COVID-19 convalescent patients, 186 COVID-19 vaccine recipients, and 43 adolescents with post-mRNA vaccine myopericarditis using two ACE2 enzymatic immunoassays (EIAs). ACE2 IgM autoantibody EIA median optical densities (ODs) were lower in convalescent patients than pre-COVID-19 control samples with only 2/182 (1.1%) convalescents testing positive. Similarly, only 3/182 (1.6%) convalescent patients tested positive for ACE2 IgG, but patients with history of moderate-severe COVID-19 tended to have significantly higher median ODs than controls and mild COVID-19 patients. In contrast, ACE2 IgG antibodies were detected in 10/186 (5.4%) COVID-19 vaccine recipients after two doses of vaccination. Median ACE2 IgG EIA ODs of vaccine recipients were higher than controls irrespective of the vaccine platform used (inactivated or mRNA). ACE2 IgG ODs were not correlated with surrogate neutralizing antibody levels in vaccine recipients. ACE2 IgG levels peaked at day 56 post-first dose and declined within 12 months to baseline levels in vaccine recipients. Presence of ACE2 antibodies was not associated with adverse events following immunization including myopericarditis. One convalescent patient with ACE2 IgG developed Guillain-Barre syndrome, but causality was not established. ACE2 autoantibodies are observed in COVID-19 vaccine recipients and convalescent patients, but are likely innocuous.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Yiu Hung Tsoi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianpiao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianwen Situ
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Winston Jim Lam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Estie Hon Kiu Shun
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joy Ka Yi Leung
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Lei Chen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brian Pui Chun Chan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man Lung Yeung
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok Hung Chan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joshua Sung Chih Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mike Yat Wah Kwan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin Kai Wang To
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siddharth Sridhar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chiu MC, Li C, Yu Y, Liu X, Huang J, Wan Z, Yuen KY, Zhou J. Establishing Bipotential Human Lung Organoid Culture System and Differentiation to Generate Mature Alveolar and Airway Organoids. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4657. [PMID: 37113328 PMCID: PMC10127040 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A robust in vitro model of the human respiratory epithelium, including the alveolar and the airway epithelium, is essential for understanding the biology and pathology of the human respiratory system. We previously described a protocol to derive human lung organoids from primary lung tissues. We now describe a protocol to induce bidirectional differentiation to generate mature alveolar or airway organoids. The lung organoids are consecutively expanded for over one year with high stability, while the differentiated alveolar and airway organoids morphologically and functionally simulate the human alveolar and airway epithelium to a near-physiological level. Thus, we establish a robust organoid culture system of the entire human respiratory epithelium, the first two-phase bipotential organoid culture system that enables long-term expansion and bidirectional differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells. The long-term expandable lung organoids and differentiated organoids generate a stable and renewable source of respiratory epithelial cells, enabling scientists to reconstruct and expand the human respiratory epithelium in culture dishes. The respiratory organoid system provides a unique and physiologically active in vitro model of the human respiratory epithelium for various applications, including studying respiratory viral infection, disease modeling, drug screening, and pre-clinical testing. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Chun Chiu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cun Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yifei Yu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhixin Wan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
- *For correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chan CM, Tse H, Wong SSY, Woo PCY, Lau SKP, Chen L, Zheng BJ, Huang JD, Yuen KY. Corrigendum to "Examination of seroprevalence of coronavirus HKU1 infection with S protein-based ELISA and neutralization assay against viral spike pseudotyped virus" Journal of Clinical Virology 45 (2009) 54-60. J Clin Virol 2022; 157:105295. [PMID: 36307272 PMCID: PMC9597574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2022.105295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C M Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Hong Kong; Research Center of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - Herman Tse
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Hong Kong; Research Center of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - S S Y Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Hong Kong; Research Center of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - P C Y Woo
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Hong Kong; Research Center of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - S K P Lau
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Hong Kong; Research Center of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - L Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - B J Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Hong Kong; Research Center of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - J D Huang
- Research Center of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K Y Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Hong Kong; Research Center of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li C, Zhang AJX, Yuen KY. Reply to Yau et al. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:742. [PMID: 35247262 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Can Li
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Anna J X Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao P, Wei Y, Wan RE, Wong KW, Iu HTV, Tai SSC, Li Y, Yam HCB, Halebeedu Prakash P, Chen JHK, Ho PL, Yuen KY, Davies J, Kao RYT. Subinhibitory Concentrations of Antibiotics Exacerbate Staphylococcal Infection by Inducing Bacterial Virulence. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0064022. [PMID: 35758685 PMCID: PMC9431598 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00640-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are widely used for the treatment of bacterial infections. However, injudicious use of antibiotics based on an empirical method may lead to the emergence of resistant strains. Despite appropriate administration of antibiotics, their concentrations may remain subinhibitory in the body, due to individual variations in tissue distribution and metabolism rates. This may promote bacterial virulence and complicate the treatment strategies. To investigate whether the administration of certain classes of antibiotics will induce bacterial virulence and worsen the infection under in vivo conditions. Different classes of antibiotics were tested in vitro for their ability to induce virulence in a methicillin-resistant S. aureus strain Mu3 and clinical isolates. Antibiotic-induced pathogenicity was assessed in vivo using mouse peritonitis and bacteremia models. In vitro, β-lactam antibiotics and tetracyclines induced the expression of multiple surface-associated virulence factors as well as the secretion of toxins. In peritonitis and bacteremia models, mice infected with MRSA and treated with ampicillin, ceftazidime, or tetracycline showed enhanced bacterial pathogenicity. The release of induced virulence factors in vivo was confirmed in a histological examination. Subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics belonging to β-lactam and tetracycline aggravated infection by inducing staphylococcal virulence in vivo. Thus, when antibiotics are required, it is preferable to employ combination therapy and to initiate the appropriate treatment plan, following diagnosis. Our findings emphasize the risks associated with antibiotic-based therapy and underline the need for alternative therapeutic options. IMPORTANCE Antibiotics are widely applied to treat infectious diseases. Empirically treatment with incorrect antibiotics, or even correct antibiotics always falls into subinhibitory concentrations, due to dosing, distribution, or secretion. In this study, we have systematically evaluated in vitro virulence induction effect of antibiotics and in vivo exacerbated infection. The major highlight of this work is to prove the β-lactam and tetracyclines antibiotics exacerbated disease is due to their induction effect on staphylococcal virulence. This phenomenon is common and suggests that if β-lactam antibiotics remain the first line of defense during empirical therapy, we either need to increase patient reliability or the treatment approach may improve in the future when paired with anti-virulence drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yuanxin Wei
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Rachel Evelyn Wan
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Ka Wing Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Ho Ting Venice Iu
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Sherlock Shing Chiu Tai
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yongli Li
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Hin Cheung Bill Yam
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Pradeep Halebeedu Prakash
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Jonathan Hon Kwan Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Pak Leung Ho
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Julian Davies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard Yi Tsun Kao
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chan JFW, Poon VKM, Chan CCS, Chik KKH, Tsang JOL, Zou Z, Chan CCY, Lee ACY, Li C, Liang R, Cao J, Tang K, Yuen TTT, Hu B, Huang X, Chai Y, Shuai H, Luo C, Cai JP, Chan KH, Sridhar S, Yin F, Kok KH, Chu H, Zhang AJ, Yuan S, Yuen KY. Low Environmental Temperature Exacerbates Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Golden Syrian Hamsters. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:e1101-e1111. [PMID: 34536277 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of low environmental temperature on viral shedding and disease severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is uncertain. METHODS We investigated the virological, clinical, pathological, and immunological changes in hamsters housed at room (21°C), low (12-15°C), and high (30-33°C) temperature after challenge by 105 plaque-forming units of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). RESULTS The nasal turbinate, trachea, and lung viral load and live virus titer were significantly higher (~0.5-log10 gene copies/β-actin, P < .05) in the low-temperature group at 7 days postinfection (dpi). The low-temperature group also demonstrated significantly higher level of tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-1β, and C-C motif chemokine ligand 3, and lower level of the antiviral IFN-α in lung tissues at 4 dpi than the other 2 groups. Their lungs were grossly and diffusely hemorrhagic, with more severe and diffuse alveolar and peribronchiolar inflammatory infiltration, bronchial epithelial cell death, and significantly higher mean total lung histology scores. By 7 dpi, the low-temperature group still showed persistent and severe alveolar inflammation and hemorrhage, and little alveolar cell proliferative changes of recovery. The viral loads in the oral swabs of the low-temperature group were significantly higher than those of the other two groups from 10 to 17 dpi by about 0.5-1.0 log10 gene copies/β-actin. The mean neutralizing antibody titer of the low-temperature group was significantly (P < .05) lower than that of the room temperature group at 7 dpi and 30 dpi. CONCLUSIONS This study provided in vivo evidence that low environmental temperature exacerbated the degree of virus shedding, disease severity, and tissue proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines expression, and suppressed the neutralizing antibody response of SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters. Keeping warm in winter may reduce the severity of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Fuk Woo Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Vincent Kwok Man Poon
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chris Chung Sing Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kenn Ka Heng Chik
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jessica Oi Ling Tsang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zijiao Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chris Chun Yiu Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Andrew Chak Yiu Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ronghui Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jianli Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kaiming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Terrence Tsz Tai Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Bingjie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xiner Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yue Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Huiping Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Cuiting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jian Piao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwok Hung Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Siddharth Sridhar
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Feifei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Academician Workstation of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Kin Hang Kok
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Hin Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Anna Jinxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Shuofeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Academician Workstation of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.,Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li C, Zhang AJX, Yuen KY. Reply to Correa et al. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:e927. [PMID: 34849653 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Can Li
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Anna J X Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tam AR, Zhang RR, Lung KC, Liu R, Leung KY, Liu D, Fan Y, Lu L, Lam AHY, Chung TWH, Yip CCY, Lo J, Wu AKL, Lee R, Sin S, Ng PY, Chan WM, Shum HP, Yan WW, Chan JFW, Cheng VCC, Lau CS, Kai-Wang K, Chan KH, Yuen KY, Hung IFN. Early Treatment of High-Risk Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients With a Combination of Interferon Beta-1b and Remdesivir: A Phase 2 Open-label Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 76:e216-e226. [PMID: 35762834 PMCID: PMC9278225 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early antiviral therapy was effective in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We assessed the efficacy and safety of combined interferon beta-1b and remdesivir treatment in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. METHODS We conducted a multicentre, prospective open-label, randomized-controlled trial involving high-risk adults hospitalized for COVID-19. Patients were randomly assigned to a 5-day interferon beta-1b 16 million units daily and remdesivir 200 mg loading on day 1 followed by 100 mg daily on day 2 to 5 (combination group), or to remdesivir only of similar regimen (control group) (1:1). The primary endpoint was the time to complete alleviation of symptoms (NEWS2 = 0). RESULTS Two-hundred and twelve patients were enrolled. The median days of starting treatment from symptom onset was 3 days. The median age was 65 years, and 159 patients (75%) had chronic disease. The baseline demographics were similar. There was no mortality. For the primary endpoint, the combination group was significantly quicker to NEWS2 = 0 (4 vs 6.5 days; hazard ratio [HR], 6.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.1-7.09; P < .0001) when compared to the control group. For the secondary endpoints, the combination group was quicker to negative nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) viral load (VL) (6 vs 8 days; HR, 8.16; 95% CI, 7.79-8.52; P < .0001) and to develop seropositive immunoglobulin G (IgG) (8 vs 10 days; HR, 10.78; 95% CI, 9.98-11.58; P < .0001). All adverse events resolved upon follow-up. Combination group (HR, 4.1 95% CI, 1.9-8.6, P < .0001) was the most significant independent factor associated with NEWS2 = 0 on day 4. CONCLUSIONS Early treatment with interferon beta-1b and remdesivir was safe and better than remdesivir only in alleviating symptoms, and in shortening viral shedding and hospitalization with earlier seropositivity in high-risk COVID-19 patients. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT04647695.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kwok Cheung Lung
- Department of Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Raymond Liu
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Ruttonjee Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Yi Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Danlei Liu
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yujing Fan
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Athene Hoi Ying Lam
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tom Wai Hin Chung
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cyril Chik Yan Yip
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jenny Lo
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Ruttonjee Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alan Ka Lun Wu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rodney Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Simon Sin
- Department of Intensive Care, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARChina,Department of Intensive Care, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pauline Yeung Ng
- Department of Intensive Care, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARChina
| | - Wai Ming Chan
- Department of Intensive Care, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARChina
| | - Hoi Ping Shum
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Wa Yan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jasper Fuk Woo Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Vincent Chi Chung Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chak Sing Lau
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kelvin Kai-Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwok Hung Chan
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ivan Fan Ngai Hung
- Correspondence to: Ivan Fan Ngai Hung, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chiu MC, Li C, Liu X, Yu Y, Huang J, Wan Z, Xiao D, Chu H, Cai JP, Zhou B, Sit KY, Au WK, Wong KKY, Li G, Chan JFW, To KKW, Chen Z, Jiang S, Clevers H, Yuen KY, Zhou J. A bipotential organoid model of respiratory epithelium recapitulates high infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. Cell Discov 2022; 8:57. [PMID: 35710786 PMCID: PMC9203776 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-022-00422-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The airways and alveoli of the human respiratory tract are lined by two distinct types of epithelium, which are the primary targets of respiratory viruses. We previously established long-term expanding human lung epithelial organoids from lung tissues and developed a ‘proximal’ differentiation protocol to generate mucociliary airway organoids. However, a respiratory organoid system with bipotential of the airway and alveolar differentiation remains elusive. Here we defined a ‘distal’ differentiation approach to generate alveolar organoids from the same source for the derivation of airway organoids. The alveolar organoids consisting of type I and type II alveolar epithelial cells (AT1 and AT2, respectively) functionally simulate the alveolar epithelium. AT2 cells maintained in lung organoids serve as progenitor cells from which alveolar organoids derive. Moreover, alveolar organoids sustain a productive SARS-CoV-2 infection, albeit a lower replicative fitness was observed compared to that in airway organoids. We further optimized 2-dimensional (2D) airway organoids. Upon differentiation under a slightly acidic pH, the 2D airway organoids exhibit enhanced viral replication, representing an optimal in vitro correlate of respiratory epithelium for modeling the high infectivity of SARS-CoV-2. Notably, the higher infectivity and replicative fitness of the Omicron variant than an ancestral strain were accurately recapitulated in these optimized airway organoids. In conclusion, we have established a bipotential organoid culture system able to reproducibly expand the entire human respiratory epithelium in vitro for modeling respiratory diseases, including COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Chun Chiu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cun Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yifei Yu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhixin Wan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ding Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hin Chu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Piao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Biao Zhou
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ko-Yung Sit
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, and Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Kuk Au
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, and Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth Kak-Yuen Wong
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, and Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Precision Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guang dong, China
| | - Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin Kai-Wang To
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shibo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hans Clevers
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), and University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China. .,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hu YF, Hu JC, Gong HR, Danchin A, Sun R, Chu H, Hung IFN, Yuen KY, To KKW, Zhang BZ, Yau T, Huang JD. Computation of Antigenicity Predicts SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Variants. Front Immunol 2022; 13:861050. [PMID: 35401572 PMCID: PMC8987580 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.861050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta can reduce neutralization by antibodies, resulting in vaccine breakthrough infections. Virus–antiserum neutralization assays are typically performed to monitor potential vaccine breakthrough strains. However, experiment-based methods took several weeks whether newly emerging variants can break through current vaccines or therapeutic antibodies. To address this, we sought to establish a computational model to predict the antigenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variants by sequence alone. In this study, we firstly identified the relationship between the antigenic difference transformed from the amino acid sequence and the antigenic distance from the neutralization titers. Based on this correlation, we obtained a computational model for the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein to predict the fold decrease in virus–antiserum neutralization titers with high accuracy (~0.79). Our predicted results were comparable to experimental neutralization titers of variants, including Alpha, Beta, Delta, Gamma, Epsilon, Iota, Kappa, and Lambda, as well as SARS-CoV. Here, we predicted the fold of decrease of Omicron as 17.4-fold less susceptible to neutralization. We visualized all 1,521 SARS-CoV-2 lineages to indicate variants including Mu, B.1.630, B.1.633, B.1.649, and C.1.2, which can induce vaccine breakthrough infections in addition to reported VOCs Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron. Our study offers a quick approach to predict the antigenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variants as soon as they emerge. Furthermore, this approach can facilitate future vaccine updates to cover all major variants. An online version can be accessed at http://jdlab.online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Fan Hu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing-Chu Hu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hua-Rui Gong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Antoine Danchin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Kodikos Labs, Paris, France
| | - Ren Sun
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hin Chu
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARS, China
| | - Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARS, China
| | - Kelvin Kai-Wang To
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARS, China
| | - Bao-Zhong Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Bao-Zhong Zhang, ; Thomas Yau, ; Jian-Dong Huang,
| | - Thomas Yau
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Bao-Zhong Zhang, ; Thomas Yau, ; Jian-Dong Huang,
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Bao-Zhong Zhang, ; Thomas Yau, ; Jian-Dong Huang,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chua GT, Wong JSC, Chung J, Lam I, Kwong J, Leung K, Law CY, Lam CW, Kwok J, Chu PWK, Au EYL, Lam CK, Mak D, Fong NC, Leung D, Wong WHS, Ho MHK, Tsao SSL, Wong CS, Yam JC, Tso WWY, To KKW, Tam PKH, Chan GCF, Leung WH, Yuen KY, Novelli V, Klein N, Levin M, Whitaker E, Lau YL, Ip P, Kwan MYW. Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2: a case report. Hong Kong Med J 2022; 28:76-78. [DOI: 10.12809/hkmj219689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert T Chua
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Joshua SC Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Jaime Chung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Ivan Lam
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Joyce Kwong
- Haematology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Kate Leung
- Haematology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - CY Law
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - CW Lam
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Janette Kwok
- Division of Transplantation and Immunogenetics, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Patrick WK Chu
- Division of Transplantation and Immunogenetics, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Elaine YL Au
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Crystal K Lam
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel Mak
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - NC Fong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wilfred HS Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Marco HK Ho
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sabrina SL Tsao
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Christina S Wong
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Jason C Yam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Winnie WY Tso
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kelvin KW To
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Paul KH Tam
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Dr Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong–Karolinska Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Godfrey CF Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - WH Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - KY Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Vas Novelli
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Klein
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Levin
- Section of Paediatrics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Whitaker
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases Department, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - YL Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Mike YW Kwan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang D, Li C, Chiu MC, Yu Y, Liu X, Zhao X, Huang J, Cheng Z, Yuan S, Poon V, Cai J, Chu H, Chan JF, To KK, Yuen KY, Zhou J. SPINK6 inhibits human airway serine proteases and restricts influenza virus activation. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e14485. [PMID: 34826211 PMCID: PMC9976594 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
SPINK6 was identified in human skin as a cellular inhibitor of serine proteases of the KLK family. Airway serine proteases are required to cleave hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza A viruses (IAVs) to initiate an infection in the human airway. We hypothesized that SPINK6 may inhibit common airway serine proteases and restrict IAV activation. We demonstrate that SPINK6 specifically suppresses the proteolytic activity of HAT and KLK5, HAT- and KLK5-mediated HA cleavage, and restricts virus maturation and replication. SPINK6 constrains the activation of progeny virions and impairs viral growth; and vice versa, blocking endogenous SPINK6 enhances HA cleavage and viral growth in physiological-relevant human airway organoids where SPINK6 is intrinsically expressed. In IAV-infected mice, SPINK6 significantly suppresses viral growth and improves mouse survival. Notably, individuals carrying the higher SPINK6 expression allele were protected from human H7N9 infection. Collectively, SPINK6 is a novel host inhibitor of serine proteases in the human airway and restricts IAV activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Cun Li
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Man Chun Chiu
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Yifei Yu
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Zhongshan Cheng
- Applied Bioinformatics CenterSt Jude Children’s Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA
| | - Shuofeng Yuan
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Vincent Poon
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Jian‐Piao Cai
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Hin Chu
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Jasper Fuk‐Woo Chan
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina,Carol Yu Centre for InfectionThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Kelvin Kai‐Wang To
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina,Carol Yu Centre for InfectionThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina,Carol Yu Centre for InfectionThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fletcher JR, Yuen KY, Stewart AJ, Young AC, Gibson JS, James OA, Medina-Torres CE, Forde BM, Sole-Guitart A. Successful treatment of a chronic oroantral fistula infected with extensively drug resistant bacteria using long-term oesophageal tube feeding and several non-conventional treatments in a horse. Aust Vet J 2021; 100:107-113. [PMID: 34859426 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic oroantral fistulae (OAF) with secondary sinusitis can occur following repulsion of cheek teeth in horses. CASE REPORT An 8-year-old Andalusian cross gelding presented with an iatrogenic clinical crown fracture of tooth 209, which underwent repulsion of its apical portion (day 0). The horse was treated with intramuscular penicillin and intravenous gentamicin (5 days), followed by oral trimethoprim-sulphonamide (10 days) and then oral doxycycline (14 days). The acute iatrogenic OAF created during the initial repulsion persisted; a chronic OAF was identified on day 24. On day 48, septic sinusitis with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli was confirmed. Although susceptible to enrofloxacin in vitro, 30 days of therapy was unsuccessful. Subsequent serial cultures grew multiple MDR and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) gram-negative microorganisms. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed multiple sequence types of E. coli, with a range of resistance and virulence genes. The orientation of the OAF, regional osteomyelitis and septic sinusitis were confirmed with computed tomography on day 70. On day 74, enteral nutrition was provided through a cervical oesophagostomy tube for 3 months for prevention of oral feed contamination. The OAF was treated with various alternative therapeutics, including apple cider vinegar, propolis and amikacin impregnated products, until resolution on day 116. CONCLUSION These non-conventional therapeutics, antimicrobials and long-term oesophagostomy contributed to the successful treatment of a complicated OAF. In the future, WGS may be useful to inform antimicrobial selection when MDR or XDR organisms are identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J R Fletcher
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia
| | - K Y Yuen
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia
| | - A J Stewart
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia
| | - A C Young
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia
| | - J S Gibson
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia
| | - O A James
- Australian Veterinary Equine Dentistry, Clayfield, Queensland, 4011, Australia
| | - C E Medina-Torres
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia
| | - B M Forde
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - A Sole-Guitart
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chua GT, Kwan MYW, Chui CSL, Smith RD, Cheung ECL, Tian T, Leung MTY, Tsao SSL, Kan E, Ng WKC, Man Chan VC, Tai SM, Yu TC, Lee KP, Wong JSC, Lin YK, Shek CC, Leung ASY, Chow CK, Li KW, Ma J, Fung WY, Lee D, Ng MY, Wong WHS, Tsang HW, Kwok J, Leung D, Chung KL, Chow CB, Chan GCF, Leung WH, To KKW, Yuen KY, Lau YL, Wong ICK, Ip P. Epidemiology of Acute Myocarditis/Pericarditis in Hong Kong Adolescents Following Comirnaty Vaccination. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 75:673-681. [PMID: 34849657 PMCID: PMC8767823 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-specific incidence of acute myocarditis/pericarditis in adolescents following Comirnaty vaccination in Asia is lacking. This study aimed to study the clinical characteristics and incidence of acute myocarditis/pericarditis among Hong Kong adolescents following Comirnaty vaccination. METHODS This is a population cohort study in Hong Kong that monitored adverse events following immunization through a pharmacovigilance system for COVID-19 vaccines. All adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years following Comirnaty vaccination were monitored under the COVID-19 vaccine Adverse Event Response and Evaluation Programme. The clinical characteristics and overall incidence of acute myocarditis/pericarditis in adolescents following Comirnaty vaccination were analysed. RESULTS Between 14 June 2021 and 4 September 2021, 33 Chinese adolescents who developed acute myocarditis/pericarditis following Comirnaty vaccination were identified. 29 (87.88%) were males and 4 (12.12%) were females, with a median age of 15.25 years. 27 (81.82%) and 6 (18.18%) cases developed acute myocarditis/pericarditis after receiving the second and first dose, respectively. All cases are mild and required only conservative management.The overall incidence of acute myocarditis/pericarditis was 18.52 (95% Confidence Interval [CI], 11.67-29.01) per 100,000 persons vaccinated. The incidence after the first and second doses were 3.37 (95%CI 1.12-9.51) and 21.22 (95%CI 13.78-32.28 per 100,000 persons vaccinated, respectively. Among male adolescents, the incidence after the first and second doses were 5.57 (95% CI 2.38-12.53) and 37.32 (95% CI 26.98-51.25) per 100,000 persons vaccinated. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant increase in the risk of acute myocarditis/pericarditis following Comirnaty vaccination among Chinese male adolescents, especially after the second dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert T Chua
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong Children's Hospital
| | - Mike Yat Wah Kwan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Celine S L Chui
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Edmund Chi-Lok Cheung
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Miriam T Y Leung
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sabrina Siu Ling Tsao
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong Children's Hospital
| | - Elaine Kan
- Department of Radiology, Hong Kong Children's Hospital
| | | | - Victor Chi Man Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shuk Mui Tai
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tak Ching Yu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok Piu Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joshua Sung Chih Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ying Kit Lin
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Chiu Shek
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Agnes Sze Yin Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chit Kwong Chow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Wah Li
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Johnny Ma
- Department of Radiology, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Radiology, North Landau Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Radiology, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai Yuk Fung
- Department of Radiology, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Radiology, North Landau Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Radiology, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniel Lee
- Department of Radiology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ming Yen Ng
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong.,Department of Medical Imaging, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, China
| | - Wilfred Hing Sang Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hing Wai Tsang
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Janette Kwok
- Division of Transplantation and Immunogenetics, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniel Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kin Lai Chung
- Quality & Safety Division, Hospital Authority Head office, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Bong Chow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Godfrey Chi Fung Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong Children's Hospital
| | - Wing Hang Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong Children's Hospital
| | - Kelvin Kai Wang To
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Lung Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong Children's Hospital
| | - Ian Chi Kei Wong
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yuen KY, Lo JYC. Gross negligence manslaughter and hindsight. Hong Kong Med J 2021; 27:384. [PMID: 34706992 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj219766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Y Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - J Y C Lo
- Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong SAR Government, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kwan MYW, Chua GT, Chow CB, Tsao SSL, To KKW, Yuen KY, Lau YL, Ip P. mRNA COVID vaccine and myocarditis in adolescents. Hong Kong Med J 2021; 27:326-327. [PMID: 34393110 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj215120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Y W Kwan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - G T Chua
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C B Chow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong.,Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S S L Tsao
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K K W To
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y L Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - P Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wong YC, Lau SY, Wang To KK, Mok BWY, Li X, Wang P, Deng S, Woo KF, Du Z, Li C, Zhou J, Chan JFW, Yuen KY, Chen H, Chen Z. Natural Transmission of Bat-like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Without Proline-Arginine-Arginine-Alanine Variants in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:e437-e444. [PMID: 32649739 PMCID: PMC7454488 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) contains the furin cleavage Proline-Arginine-Arginine-Alanine (PRRA) motif in the S1/S2 region, which enhances viral pathogenicity but is absent in closely related bat and pangolin coronaviruses. Whether bat-like coronaviral variants without PRRA (∆PRRA) can establish natural infections in humans is unknown. METHODS Here, we developed a duplex digital polymerase chain reaction assay to examine ∆PRRA variants in Vero-E6-propagated isolates, human organoids, experimentally infected hamsters, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. RESULTS We found that SARS-CoV-2, as currently transmitting in humans, contained a quasispecies of wild-type, ∆PRRA variants and variants that have mutations upstream of the PRRA motif. Moreover, the ∆PRRA variants were readily detected despite being at a low intra-host frequency in transmitted founder viruses in hamsters and in COVID-19 patients, including in acute cases and a family cluster, with a prevalence rate of 52.9%. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that bat-like SARS-CoV-2ΔPRRA not only naturally exists but remains transmissible in COVID-19 patients, which has significant implications regarding the zoonotic origin and natural evolution of SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yik Chun Wong
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Siu Ying Lau
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelvin Kai Wang To
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bobo Wing Yee Mok
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Pui Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaofeng Deng
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Kin Fai Woo
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenglong Du
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Cun Li
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jasper Fuk Woo Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Q, Ju B, Ge J, Chan JFW, Cheng L, Wang R, Huang W, Fang M, Chen P, Zhou B, Song S, Shan S, Yan B, Zhang S, Ge X, Yu J, Zhao J, Wang H, Liu L, Lv Q, Fu L, Shi X, Yuen KY, Liu L, Wang Y, Chen Z, Zhang L, Wang X, Zhang Z. Potent and protective IGHV3-53/3-66 public antibodies and their shared escape mutant on the spike of SARS-CoV-2. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4210. [PMID: 34244522 PMCID: PMC8270942 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24514-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) to SARS-CoV-2 hold powerful potentials for clinical interventions against COVID-19 disease. However, their common genetic and biologic features remain elusive. Here we interrogate a total of 165 antibodies from eight COVID-19 patients, and find that potent nAbs from different patients have disproportionally high representation of IGHV3-53/3-66 usage, and therefore termed as public antibodies. Crystal structural comparison of these antibodies reveals they share similar angle of approach to RBD, overlap in buried surface and binding residues on RBD, and have substantial spatial clash with receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) in binding to RBD. Site-directed mutagenesis confirms these common binding features although some minor differences are found. One representative antibody, P5A-3C8, demonstrates extraordinarily protective efficacy in a golden Syrian hamster model against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, virus escape analysis identifies a single natural mutation in RBD, namely K417N found in B.1.351 variant from South Africa, abolished the neutralizing activity of these public antibodies. The discovery of public antibodies and shared escape mutation highlight the intricate relationship between antibody response and SARS-CoV-2, and provide critical reference for the development of antibody and vaccine strategies to overcome the antigenic variation of SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Ju
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiwan Ge
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ruoke Wang
- NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Weijin Huang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Mengqi Fang
- NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Chen
- NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhou
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuo Song
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sisi Shan
- NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Baohua Yan
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Senyan Zhang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyang Ge
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiazhen Yu
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Qining Lv
- NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Fu
- NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanling Shi
- NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Youchun Wang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
| | - Linqi Zhang
- NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xinquan Wang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang BZ, Wang X, Yuan S, Li W, Dou Y, Poon VKM, Chan CCS, Cai JP, Chik KK, Tang K, Chan CCY, Hu YF, Hu JC, Badea SR, Gong HR, Lin X, Chu H, Li X, To KKW, Liu L, Chen Z, Hung IFN, Yuen KY, Chan JFW, Huang JD. A novel linker-immunodominant site (LIS) vaccine targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein protects against severe COVID-19 in Syrian hamsters. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:874-884. [PMID: 33890550 PMCID: PMC8118541 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1921621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is unlikely to abate until sufficient herd immunity is built up by either natural infection or vaccination. We previously identified ten linear immunodominant sites on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein of which four are located within the RBD. Therefore, we designed two linkerimmunodominant site (LIS) vaccine candidates which are composed of four immunodominant sites within the RBD (RBD-ID) or all the 10 immunodominant sites within the whole spike (S-ID). They were administered by subcutaneous injection and were tested for immunogenicity and in vivo protective efficacy in a hamster model for COVID-19. We showed that the S-ID vaccine induced significantly better neutralizing antibody response than RBD-ID and alum control. As expected, hamsters vaccinated by S-ID had significantly less body weight loss, lung viral load, and histopathological changes of pneumonia. The S-ID has the potential to be an effective vaccine for protection against COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuofeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Dou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Vincent Kwok-Man Poon
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Chris Chung-Sing Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Piao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Kenn KaHeng Chik
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiming Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Chris Chun-Yiu Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Fan Hu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Chu Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Smaranda Ruxandra Badea
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Rui Gong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuansheng Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Hin Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelvin Kai-Wang To
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China.,AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China.,AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chua GT, Wong JSC, Lam I, Ho PPK, Chan WH, Yau FYS, Rosa Duque JS, Ho ACC, Siu KK, Cheung TW, Lam DSY, Chan VCM, Lee KP, Tsui KW, Wong TW, Yau MM, Yau TY, Chan KCC, Yu MWL, Chow CK, Chiu WK, Chan KC, Wong WH, Ho MHK, Tso WW, Tung KT, Wong CS, Kwok J, Leung WH, Yam JC, Wong IC, Tam PKH, Chan GCF, Chow CB, To KKW, Lau YL, Yuen KY, Ip P, Kwan MYW. Clinical Characteristics and Transmission of COVID-19 in Children and Youths During 3 Waves of Outbreaks in Hong Kong. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e218824. [PMID: 33938934 PMCID: PMC8094012 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.8824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Schools were closed intermittently across Hong Kong to control the COVID-19 outbreak, which led to significant physical and psychosocial problems among children and youths. OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical characteristics and sources of infection among children and youths with COVID-19 during the 3 waves of outbreaks in Hong Kong in 2020. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cross-sectional study involved children and youths aged 18 years or younger with COVID-19 in the 3 waves of outbreaks from January 23 through December 2, 2020. Data were analyzed from December 2020 through January 2021. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Demographic characteristics, travel and contact histories, lengths of hospital stay, and symptoms were captured through the central electronic database. Individuals who were infected without recent international travel were defined as having domestic infections. RESULTS Among 397 children and youths confirmed with COVID-19 infections, the mean (SD) age was 9.95 (5.34) years, 220 individuals (55.4%) were male, and 154 individuals (38.8%) were asymptomatic. There were significantly more individuals who were infected without symptoms in the second wave (59 of 118 individuals [50.0%]) and third wave (94 of 265 individuals [35.5%]) than in the first wave (1 of 14 individuals [7.1%]) (P = .001). Significantly fewer individuals who were infected in the second and third waves, compared with the first wave, had fever (first wave: 10 individuals [71.4%]; second wave: 22 individuals [18.5%]; third wave: 98 individuals [37.0%]; P < .001) or cough (first wave: 6 individuals [42.9%]; second wave: 15 individuals [12.7%]; third wave: 52 individuals [19.6%]; P = .02). Among all individuals, 394 individuals (99.2%) had mild illness. One patient developed chilblains (ie, COVID toes), 1 patient developed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, and 1 patient developed post-COVID-19 autoimmune hemolytic anemia. In all 3 waves, 204 patients with COVID-19 (51.4%) had domestic infections. Among these individuals, 186 (91.2%) reported having a contact history with another individual with COVID-19, of which most (183 individuals [90.0%]) were family members. In the third wave, 18 individuals with domestic infections had unknown contact histories. Three schoolmates were confirmed with COVID-19 on the same day and were reported to be close contacts. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cross-sectional study found that nearly all children and youths with COVID-19 in Hong Kong had mild illness. These findings suggest that household transmission was the main source of infection for children and youths with domestic infections and that the risk of being infected at school was small.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert T. Chua
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Joshua Sung Chih Wong
- Paediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ivan Lam
- Paediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Polly Po Ki Ho
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wai Hung Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Felix Yat Sun Yau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jaime S. Rosa Duque
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Alvin Chi Chung Ho
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ka Ka Siu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Tammy W.Y. Cheung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - David Shu Yan Lam
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Victor Chi Man Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwok Piu Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwing Wan Tsui
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Tak Wai Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Man Mut Yau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Tsz Yan Yau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kate Ching Ching Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Michelle Wai Ling Yu
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chit Kwong Chow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wah Keung Chiu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwok Chiu Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wilfred H.S. Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Marco Hok Kung Ho
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Winnie W.Y. Tso
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Keith T.S. Tung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Christina S. Wong
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Janette Kwok
- Division of Transplantation and Immunogenetics, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wing Hang Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jason C. Yam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ian C.K. Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Kwong Hang Tam
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Dr Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, University of Hong Kong-Karolinska, Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Godfrey Chi Fung Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chun Bong Chow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kelvin K. W. To
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yu Lung Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Mike Yat Wah Kwan
- Paediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wong YC, Chan SY, Yuen KY, Chong LC. Locally invasive and obstructive colonic leiomyosarcoma: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Hong Kong Med J 2021; 26:73-75. [PMID: 32077864 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj197873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y C Wong
- Department of Surgery, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - S Y Chan
- Department of Surgery, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Surgery, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - L C Chong
- Department of Surgery, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhao X, Li C, Liu X, Chiu MC, Wang D, Wei Y, Chu H, Cai JP, Hau-Yee Chan I, Kak-Yuen Wong K, Fuk-Woo Chan J, Kai-Wang To K, Yuen KY, Zhou J. Human Intestinal Organoids Recapitulate Enteric Infections of Enterovirus and Coronavirus. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:493-504. [PMID: 33626333 PMCID: PMC7940440 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Enteroviruses, such as EV-A71 and CVA16, mainly infect the human gastrointestinal tract. Human coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, have been variably associated with gastrointestinal symptoms. We aimed to optimize the human intestinal organoids and hypothesize that these optimized intestinal organoids can recapitulate enteric infections of enterovirus and coronavirus. We demonstrate that the optimized human intestinal organoids enable better simulation of the native human intestinal epithelium, and that they are significantly more susceptible to EV-A71 than CVA16. Higher replication of EV-A71 than CVA16 in the intestinal organoids triggers a more vigorous cellular response. However, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 exhibit distinct dynamics of virus-host interaction; more robust propagation of SARS-CoV triggers minimal cellular response, whereas, SARS-CoV-2 exhibits lower replication capacity but elicits a moderate cellular response. Taken together, the disparate profile of the virus-host interaction of enteroviruses and coronaviruses in human intestinal organoids may unravel the cellular basis of the distinct pathogenicity of these viral pathogens. An optimized differentiation protocol improves maturation of intestinal organoids SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infection triggers less robust response than enteroviruses Coronaviruses show lower sensitivity to type III IFNs than enteroviruses Intestinal organoids recapitulate disparate pathogenicity of CoVs and enteroviruses
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cun Li
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man Chun Chiu
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuxuan Wei
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hin Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Piao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ivy Hau-Yee Chan
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth Kak-Yuen Wong
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin Kai-Wang To
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li C, Chu H, Liu X, Chiu MC, Zhao X, Wang D, Wei Y, Hou Y, Shuai H, Cai J, Chan JFW, Zhou J, Yuen KY. Human coronavirus dependency on host heat shock protein 90 reveals an antiviral target. Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 9:2663-2672. [PMID: 33179566 PMCID: PMC7751432 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1850183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rapid accumulation of viral proteins in host cells render viruses highly dependent on cellular chaperones including heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). Three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses, including MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, have emerged in the past 2 decades. However, there is no approved antiviral agent against these coronaviruses. We inspected the role of Hsp90 for coronavirus propagation. First, an Hsp90 inhibitor, 17-AAG, significantly suppressed MERS-CoV propagation in cell lines and physiological-relevant human intestinal organoids. Second, siRNA depletion of Hsp90β, but not Hsp90α, significantly restricted MERS-CoV replication and abolished virus spread. Third, Hsp90β interaction with MERS-CoV nucleoprotein (NP) was revealed in a co-immunoprecipitation assay. Hsp90β is required to maintain NP stability. Fourth, 17-AAG substantially inhibited the propagation of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Collectively, Hsp90 is a host dependency factor for human coronavirus MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-COV-2. Hsp90 inhibitors can be repurposed as a potent and broad-spectrum antiviral against human coronaviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hin Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Chun Chiu
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Wei
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Hou
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiping Shuai
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianpiao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
To KK, Chua GT, Kwok KL, Wong JS, Au DCY, Lam YY, Wong WH, Ho MH, Chan GC, Chui CS, Li X, Tung KT, Wong RS, Tso WW, Wong IC, Wong CS, Fong CH, Chan KH, Yuen KY, Ip P, Kwan MY. False-positive SARS-CoV-2 serology in 3 children with Kawasaki disease. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 98:115141. [PMID: 32795776 PMCID: PMC7366972 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile and eruptive disease with systemic vasculitis predominantly affecting young East Asian children. Recent reports showed that children with KD-like disease from KD low prevalence regions had positive SARS-CoV-2 serology despite a negative SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in respiratory samples. OBJECTIVES To describe 3 pediatric Kawasaki Disease patients with false positive SARS-CoV-2 serology. STUDY DESIGN We retrospectively recruited children with KD diagnosed during the COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong. Clinical characteristics and laboratory test results including SARS-CoV-2 PCR results were retrieved. We performed a microparticle-based immunoassay for the detection of IgG against nucleoprotein (NP) and spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD), and a microneutralization assay for the detection of neutralizing antibodies. RESULTS Three Chinese children with typical KD were identified. They had no epidemiological links with COVID-19 patients and tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 NPA PCR. They were treated with IVIG and aspirin, and were discharged without complications. Subsequently 2 of them were tested positive against anti-RBD and anti-NP antibodies and 1 was tested positive against anti- RBD antibodies. However, microneutralization assay showed that neutralizing antibodies were absent, suggesting a false-positive IgG result. CONCLUSION Detection of neutralizing antibodies is recommended to confirm previous SARS-CoV-2 infection in IgG-positive but PCR-negative patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Kw To
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Gilbert T Chua
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ka Li Kwok
- Department of Paediatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Joshua Sc Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Dennis Chi Yu Au
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yuen Yu Lam
- Department of Paediatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Wilfred Hs Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Marco Hk Ho
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Godfrey Cf Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Celine Sl Chui
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China; Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China; Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Keith Ts Tung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Rosa S Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Winnie Wy Tso
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ian Ck Wong
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Carol Hy Fong
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Kwok Hung Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Mike Yw Kwan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bohn MK, Loh TP, Wang CB, Mueller R, Koch D, Sethi S, Rawlinson WD, Clementi M, Erasmus R, Leportier M, Grimmler M, Yuen KY, Mancini N, Kwon GC, Menezes ME, Patru MM, Gramegna M, Singh K, Najjar O, Ferrari M, Horvath AR, Lippi G, Adeli K. IFCC Interim Guidelines on Serological Testing of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 58:2001-2008. [PMID: 33027043 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Serological testing for the detection of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is emerging as an important component of the clinical management of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as well as the epidemiological assessment of SARS-CoV-2 exposure worldwide. In addition to molecular testing for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection, clinical laboratories have also needed to increase testing capacity to include serological evaluation of patients with suspected or known COVID-19. While regulatory approved serological immunoassays are now widely available from diagnostic manufacturers globally, there is significant debate regarding the clinical utility of these tests, as well as their clinical and analytical performance requirements prior to application. This document by the International Federation for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) Taskforce on COVID-19 provides interim guidance on: (A) clinical indications and target populations, (B) assay selection, (C) assay evaluation, and (D) test interpretation and limitations for serological testing of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection. These evidence-based recommendations will provide practical guidance to clinical laboratories in the selection, verification, and implementation of serological assays and are of the utmost importance as we expand our pandemic response from initial case tracing and containment to mitigation strategies to minimize resurgence and further morbidity and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Kathryn Bohn
- Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tze Ping Loh
- National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - David Koch
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sunil Sethi
- National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - William D Rawlinson
- Virology Division, SEALS Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, NSW, Randwick, Australia
| | | | - Rajiv Erasmus
- University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, Western Cape, Republic of South Africa
| | | | | | - K Y Yuen
- University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | | | - Gye Cheol Kwon
- Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | - Osama Najjar
- Allied Health Professions Ministry of Health, Palestine, Palestine
| | | | - Andrea R Horvath
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, New South Wales Health Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Khosrow Adeli
- Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ma BM, Hung IFN, Chan GCW, Tam AR, Chan SSK, Wong BCK, Fukuda K, Ohno T, Yuen KY, Chan TM. Case of "relapsing" COVID-19 in a kidney transplant recipient. Nephrology (Carlton) 2020; 25:933-936. [PMID: 32951300 PMCID: PMC7536982 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Clinical outcomes of COVID‐19 vary considerably between patients. Little was known about the clinical course and optimal management of immunosuppressed patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2. We report a kidney transplant recipient with COVID‐19 who presented with pneumonitis and acute kidney injury (AKI). She improved after reduction of immunosuppressive treatment and had two consecutive negative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) tests. Her respiratory tract samples turned positive again afterwards, and she was treated with lopinavir‐ritonavir. She had satisfactory virological and clinical response after a prolonged disease course. This case illustrates the risk of relapse or persisting shedding of SARS‐CoV‐2 in immunosuppressed patients, the important role of viral load monitoring in management, the challenges in balancing the risks of COVID‐19 progression and transplant rejection, and the pharmacokinetic interaction between immunosuppressive and antiviral medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Becky Mingyao Ma
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Ivan Fan Ngai Hung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Gary Chi Wang Chan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Anthony Raymond Tam
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | - Takanori Ohno
- Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Tak Mao Chan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang BZ, Hu YF, Chen LL, Yau T, Tong YG, Hu JC, Cai JP, Chan KH, Dou Y, Deng J, Wang XL, Hung IFN, To KKW, Yuen KY, Huang JD. Mining of epitopes on spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 from COVID-19 patients. Cell Res 2020; 30:702-704. [PMID: 32612199 DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.23.056853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a serious threat to global public health, and imposes severe burdens on the entire human society. The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause severe respiratory illness and death. Currently, there are no specific antiviral drugs that can treat COVID-19. Several vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are being actively developed by research groups around the world. The surface S (spike) protein and the highly expressed internal N (nucleocapsid) protein of SARS-CoV-2 are widely considered as promising candidates for vaccines. In order to guide the design of an effective vaccine, we need experimental data on these potential epitope candidates. In this study, we mapped the immunodominant (ID) sites of S protein using sera samples collected from recently discharged COVID-19 patients. The SARS-CoV-2 S protein-specific antibody levels in the sera of recovered COVID-19 patients were strongly correlated with the neutralising antibody titres. We used epitope mapping to determine the landscape of ID sites of S protein, which identified nine linearized B cell ID sites. Four out of the nine ID sites were found in the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Further analysis showed that these ID sites are potential high-affinity SARS-CoV-2 antibody binding sites. Peptides containing two out of the nine sites were tested as vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2 in a mouse model. We detected epitope-specific antibodies and SARS-CoV-2-neutralising activity in the immunised mice. This study for the first time provides human serological data for the design of vaccines against COVID-19.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Betacoronavirus/chemistry
- COVID-19
- Coronavirus Infections/blood
- Coronavirus Infections/immunology
- Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control
- Coronavirus Infections/virology
- Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Middle Aged
- Nucleocapsid Proteins/immunology
- Pandemics/prevention & control
- Phosphoproteins
- Pneumonia, Viral/blood
- Pneumonia, Viral/immunology
- Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control
- Pneumonia, Viral/virology
- SARS-CoV-2
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ye-Fan Hu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 4/F Professional Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin-Lei Chen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, 19/F T Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas Yau
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 4/F Professional Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Gang Tong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering (BAIC-SM), College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jing-Chu Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jian-Piao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, 19/F T Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Hung Chan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, 19/F T Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Dou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian Deng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 4/F Professional Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin Kai-Wang To
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, 19/F T Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, 19/F T Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang BZ, Hu YF, Chen LL, Yau T, Tong YG, Hu JC, Cai JP, Chan KH, Dou Y, Deng J, Wang XL, Hung IFN, To KKW, Yuen KY, Huang JD. Mining of epitopes on spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 from COVID-19 patients. Cell Res 2020; 30:702-704. [PMID: 32612199 PMCID: PMC7327194 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0366-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ye-Fan Hu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 4/F Professional Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin-Lei Chen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, 19/F T Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas Yau
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 4/F Professional Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Gang Tong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering (BAIC-SM), College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jing-Chu Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jian-Piao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, 19/F T Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Hung Chan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, 19/F T Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Dou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian Deng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 4/F Professional Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin Kai-Wang To
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, 19/F T Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, 19/F T Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Affiliation(s)
- K K W To
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cheng VC, Lo WK, Woo PC, Chan SB, Cheng SW, Ho M, Yuen KY. Polymicrobial Outbreak of Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis Peritonitis during External Wall Renovation at a Dialysis Center. Perit Dial Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/089686080102100311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate an outbreak of peritonitis in intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD) patients. Design An outbreak investigation was performed to identify the etiology of the polymicrobial outbreak, and a retrospective case-control study was conducted to assess the risk factors for development of peritonitis. Setting Renal dialysis center. Patients Ten episodes of peritonitis occurred in 8 of 61 patients over a 6-month period in which 669 IPD procedures were analyzed. Interventions Field visit to renal dialysis center to examine the entire IPD procedure, inspect the hospital environment, and perform air bacterial count. Main Outcome Measures The environmental factors and risk factors contributing to the polymicrobial peritonitis outbreak in IPD patients. The incidence of IPD peritonitis was determined before and after interventions. Results The causative organisms included Acinetobacter baumanii ( 6 ), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ( 2 ), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 1 ), Candida albicans ( 1 ), C. tropicalis ( 1 ), Enterococcus ( 3 ), and Enterobacteriaceae ( 2 ). Four episodes of peritonitis involved infection by more than one organism. Air sampling of the environment detected a median of 110 colony forming units of bacteria per cubic meter of air, 10% of which were found to be Acinetobacter baumanii. The source of this polymicrobial outbreak was attributed to the bamboo scaffolding structure covering the external wall of the hospital during renovation. A retrospective case-control study indicated that the absence of the flush-before-fill step was a risk factor for development of peritonitis. Conclusion In addition to invasive aspergillosis in transplant or oncology patients, Acinetobacter peritonitis in dialysis patients should be considered another microbial cause of outbreak associated with hospital renovation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent C.C. Cheng
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital
| | - Wai Kei Lo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tung Wah Hospital
| | - Patrick C.Y. Woo
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital
| | - Shiu Bing Chan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tung Wah Hospital
| | - Suk Wai Cheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tung Wah Hospital
| | - Melissa Ho
- Department of Pathology, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
To KKW, Zhou J, Song YQ, Hung IFN, Yuen KY. Innate immune defect predisposing to severe influenza in a Chinese population. Hong Kong Med J 2019; 25 Suppl 7:27-29. [PMID: 31761767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K K W To
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong
| | - J Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong
| | - Y Q Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong
| | - I F N Hung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhou J, Wang D, Wong BHY, Li C, Poon VKM, Wen L, Zhao X, Chiu MC, Liu X, Ye Z, Yuan S, Sze KH, Chan JFW, Chu H, To KKW, Yuen KY. Identification and characterization of GLDC as host susceptibility gene to severe influenza. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:emmm.201809528. [PMID: 30498026 PMCID: PMC6328914 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201809528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycine decarboxylase (GLDC) was prioritized as a candidate susceptibility gene to severe influenza in humans. The higher expression of GLDC derived from genetic variations may confer a higher risk to H7N9 and severe H1N1 infection. We sought to characterize GLDC as functional susceptibility gene that GLDC may intrinsically regulate antiviral response, thereby impacting viral replication and disease outcome. We demonstrated that GLDC inhibitor AOAA and siRNA depletion boosted IFNβ‐ and IFN‐stimulated genes (ISGs) in combination with PolyI:C stimulation. GLDC inhibition and depletion significantly amplified antiviral response of type I IFNs and ISGs upon viral infection and suppressed the replication of H1N1 and H7N9 viruses. Consistently, GLDC overexpression significantly promoted viral replication due to the attenuated antiviral responses. Moreover, GLDC inhibition in H1N1‐infected BALB/c mice recapitulated the amplified antiviral response and suppressed viral growth. AOAA provided potent protection to the infected mice from lethal infection, comparable to a standard antiviral against influenza viruses. Collectively, GLDC regulates cellular antiviral response and orchestrates viral growth. GLDC is a functional susceptibility gene to severe influenza in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Bosco Ho-Yin Wong
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Cun Li
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | | | - Lei Wen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Man Chun Chiu
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Ziwei Ye
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Shuofeng Yuan
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kong-Hung Sze
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hin Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kelvin Kai-Wang To
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong .,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lui SL, Yap D, Cheng V, Chan TM, Yuen KY. Clinical practice guidelines for the provision of renal service in Hong Kong: Infection Control in Renal Service. Nephrology (Carlton) 2019; 24 Suppl 1:98-129. [PMID: 30900339 PMCID: PMC7167703 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Desmond Yap
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong
| | - Vincent Cheng
- Department of MicrobiologyQueen Mary HospitalHong Kong
| | - Tak Mao Chan
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Hong KongHong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chan JCY, Chiu MLS, Yeung CK, Yuen KY, Chan HHL. A Unique Pattern of Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome-Like Erosions in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: Dermatitis flammeus. Skinmed 2018; 16:309-313. [PMID: 30413224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We describe the clinical features of a novel complication in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Twenty patients, mean age 23 years, with AD who presented with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)-like lesions were included between January 2008 and September 2010. Skin lesions followed a triphasic progression pattern from erythema to hyperpigmentation and then erosions. A symmetric and predominant flexural involvement was observed. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) (38.9%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (38.9%) were the most frequently cultured bacteria from skin swabs. Complete resolution was evident in all cases, and the recurrence rate was 35%. In conclusion, a unique complication characterized by triphasic progression to painful erosions was found in a cluster of AD patients. We propose the new term "dermatitis flammeus" to describe this phenomenon, with PA being one of the etiologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Chun-Yin Chan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR;
| | - Mona Lai-Shan Chiu
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Chi Keung Yeung
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Henry Hin-Lee Chan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cheng VCC, Wong SC, Chen JHK, Wong SCY, Yuen KY. Mycobacterium chimaera-contaminated heater-cooler devices: the inner surface as the missing link? J Hosp Infect 2018; 100:e157-e158. [PMID: 30009867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V C C Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - S C Wong
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - J H K Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - S C Y Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chen JH, Lam HY, Yip CC, Cheng VC, Chan JF, Leung TH, Sridhar S, Chan KH, Tang BS, Yuen KY. Evaluation of the molecular Xpert Xpress Flu/RSV assay vs. Alere i Influenza A & B assay for rapid detection of influenza viruses. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 90:177-180. [PMID: 29262988 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new FDA-approved Xpert Xpress Flu/RSV assay has been released for rapid influenza virus detection. We collected 134 nasopharyngeal specimens to compare the diagnostic performance of the Xpert assay and the Alere i Influenza A & B assay for influenza A and B virus detection. The Xpert assay demonstrated 100% and 96.3% sensitivity to influenza A and influenza B virus respectively. Its specificity was 100% for both viruses. The Alere i assay demonstrated slightly lower sensitivity but similar specificity to the Xpert Xpress assay. Although the Xpert assay (30 min) required longer processing time than the Alere assay (15 min), the handling procedure of the Alere assay was more complicated than the Xpert assay. As the GenXpert system has higher throughput than the Alere system, it is more suitable for hospital clinical laboratories. Overall, the new Xpert Xpress Flu/RSV assay is a reliable and useful tool for rapid influenza detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - H Y Lam
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - C C Yip
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - V C Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - J F Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - T H Leung
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - S Sridhar
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - K H Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - B S Tang
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
To K, Ke YH, Dissanayake T, Ding V, Yip C, Sze KH, Yuen KY. Lipidomics Analysis of Rhinovirus Infection in Human Airway Epithelial Cells. Open Forum Infect Dis 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofx163.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
38
|
Leung K, Lipsitch M, Yuen KY, Wu JT. Monitoring the fitness of antiviral-resistant influenza strains during an epidemic: a mathematical modelling study. Lancet Infect Dis 2016; 17:339-347. [PMID: 27914853 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(16)30465-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antivirals (eg, oseltamivir) are important for mitigating influenza epidemics. In 2007, an oseltamivir-resistant influenza seasonal A H1N1 strain emerged and spread to global fixation within 1 year. This event showed that antiviral-resistant (AVR) strains can be intrinsically more transmissible than their contemporaneous antiviral-sensitive (AVS) counterpart. Surveillance of AVR fitness is therefore essential. Our objective was to develop a simple method for estimating AVR fitness from surveillance data. METHODS We defined the fitness of AVR strains as their reproductive number relative to their co-circulating AVS counterparts. We developed a simple method for real-time estimation of AVR fitness from surveillance data. This method requires only information on generation time without other specific details regarding transmission dynamics. We first used simulations to validate this method by showing that it yields unbiased and robust fitness estimates in most epidemic scenarios. We then applied this method to two retrospective case studies and one hypothetical case study. FINDINGS We estimated that the oseltamivir-resistant A H1N1 strain that emerged in 2007 was 4% (95% credible interval [CrI] 3-5) more transmissible than its oseltamivir-sensitive predecessor and the oseltamivir-resistant pandemic A H1N1 strain that emerged and circulated in Japan during 2013-14 was 24% (95% CrI 17-30) less transmissible than its oseltamivir-sensitive counterpart. We show that in the event of large-scale antiviral interventions during a pandemic with co-circulation of AVS and AVR strains, our method can be used to inform optimal use of antivirals by monitoring intrinsic AVR fitness and drug pressure on the AVS strain. INTERPRETATION We developed a simple method that can be easily integrated into contemporary influenza surveillance systems to provide reliable estimates of AVR fitness in real time. FUNDING Research Fund for the Control of Infectious Disease (09080792) and a commissioned grant from the Health and Medical Research Fund from the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Harvard Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (grant number U54 GM088558), Area of Excellence Scheme of the Hong Kong University Grants Committee (grant number AoE/M-12/06).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Leung
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Marc Lipsitch
- Department of Epidemiology, Centre for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joseph T Wu
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cheng VCC, Tai JWM, Li WS, Chau PH, So SYC, Wong LMW, Ching RHC, Ng MML, Ho SKY, Lee DWY, Lee WM, Wong SCY, Yuen KY. Implementation of directly observed patient hand hygiene for hospitalized patients by hand hygiene ambassadors in Hong Kong. Am J Infect Control 2016; 44:621-4. [PMID: 26777285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of compliance with hand hygiene by patients is increasingly recognized to prevent health care-associated infections. METHODS This descriptive study observed the effects of an education campaign, targeted to increase patients' self-initiated hand hygiene, and a hand hygiene ambassador-initiated directly observed hand hygiene program on patients' hand hygiene compliance in a university-affiliated hospital. RESULTS The overall audited compliance of patients' self-initiated hand hygiene was only 37.5%, with a rate of 26.9% (112/416 episodes) before meals and medications, 27.5% (19/69 episodes) after using a urinal or bedpan, and 89.7% (87/97 episodes) after attending toilet facilities. Patients referred from a residential care home for older adults had significantly lower hand hygiene compliance (P = .007). Comparatively, the overall audited compliance of ambassador-initiated directly observed hand hygiene was 97.3% (428/440 episodes), which was significantly higher than patients' self-initiated hand hygiene via a patient education program (37.5%, 218/582 episodes, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Directly observed hand hygiene can play an important role in improving compliance with hand hygiene by hospitalized patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent C C Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Josepha W M Tai
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - W S Li
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - P H Chau
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Simon Y C So
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Lisa M W Wong
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Radley H C Ching
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Modissa M L Ng
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Sara K Y Ho
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Doris W Y Lee
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - W M Lee
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Sally C Y Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Huang JD, Zheng BJ, Yuen KY. A bioshield against influenza virus infection by commensal bacteria secreting antiviral peptide. Hong Kong Med J 2016; 22:13-15. [PMID: 27390004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J D Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Hong Kong
| | - B J Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hung IFN, Cheng V, To K, Fw Chan J, Yuen KY. Clinical Characteristics of Rhinovirus Infection in Hospitalized Adults. Open Forum Infect Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofv133.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
42
|
Cheng VCC, Chen JHK, So SYC, Wong SCY, Yan MK, Chau PH, Lee WM, To KKW, Chan JFW, Hung IFN, Ho PL, Yuen KY. Use of fluoroquinolones is the single most important risk factor for the high bacterial load in patients with nasal and gastrointestinal colonization by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:2359-66. [PMID: 26373714 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2489-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal colonization by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MRAB) provides an important reservoir for clinical infections and hospital outbreaks. We conducted a 7-month study in a 3200-bed healthcare network to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal colonization of CRAB and MRAB in Hong Kong. Between 1 June and 31 December 2014, a total of 17,760 fecal specimens from 9469 patients were screened. Testing showed that 340 (1.9%) specimens from 224 (2.6%) patients were CRAB-positive, which included 70 (0.39%) MRAB-positive specimens from 54 (0.57%) patients. The presence of wound or ulcer, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in the preceding 6 months, and residence in elderly homes are independent risk factors for gastrointestinal colonization of CRAB. Quantitative bacterial counts in various body sites (rectal, nasal, axilla, wound, catheterized urine, if available) were performed in 33 (61.1%) of 54 MRAB patients. Ten (30.3%) and 8 (24.2%) patients had high bacterial load (defined as over 3 log10) in rectal and nasal swabs, with a median of 5.04 log10 cfu/ml of rectal swab and 4.89 log10 cfu/ml of nasal swab in saline diluent, respectively. Nine (81.8%) of 11 patients with wounds had high bacterial load in wound swabs, with a median of 5.62 log10 cfu/ml. Use of fluoroquinolones 6 months before admission was the only significant factor associated with high bacterial load in nasal and rectal swabs. With the implementation of directly observed hand hygiene before meals and medications to all conscious hospitalized patients, no hospital outbreaks were observed during our study period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V C C Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - J H K Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - S Y C So
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - S C Y Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - M K Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - P H Chau
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - W M Lee
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - K K W To
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - J F W Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - I F N Hung
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - P L Ho
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cheung FMF, Tong Y, Wang Y, Cheung AN, Liu Y, Lau KK, Wong KK, Lo SK, Yuen KY. Epstein-Barr virus-positive T-cell-associated colitis mimicking inflammatory bowel disease: clinicopathological study of two cases. Histopathology 2015; 68:465-8. [PMID: 26156622 DOI: 10.1111/his.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florence M F Cheung
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Tong
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Annie N Cheung
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Keith K Lau
- Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kenneth K Wong
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Simon K Lo
- Department of Microbiology, Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chan TC, Cheng VCC, Hung IFN, Chan FHW, Ng WC, Yuen KY. The association between methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus colonization and mortality in Chinese nursing home older adults: a 2-year prospective cohort. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015; 16:796-7. [PMID: 26164076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuen Ching Chan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Fung Yiu King Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | - Ivan Fan Ngai Hung
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Felix Hon Wai Chan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Fung Yiu King Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Chun Ng
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Fung Yiu King Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Huang JD, Zheng BJ, Yuen KY. Live recombinant Salmonella oral vaccine against avian influenza viruses. Hong Kong Med J 2015; 21 Suppl 4:14-16. [PMID: 26157096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J D Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Hong Kong
| | - B J Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Cheng VCC, Lee WM, Sridhar S, Ho PL, Yuen KY. Prevention of nosocomial transmission of influenza A (H7N9) in Hong Kong. J Hosp Infect 2015; 90:355-6. [PMID: 26045132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V C C Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China; Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W M Lee
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S Sridhar
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P L Ho
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Cheng VCC, Chau PH, Lee WM, Ho SKY, Lee DWY, So SYC, Wong SCY, Tai JWM, Yuen KY. Hand-touch contact assessment of high-touch and mutual-touch surfaces among healthcare workers, patients, and visitors. J Hosp Infect 2015; 90:220-5. [PMID: 25929790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2014.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike direct contact with patients' body, hand hygiene practice is often neglected by healthcare workers (HCWs) and visitors after contact with patients' environment. Contact with hospital environmental items may increase risk of pathogen transmission. AIM To enumerate the number of hand-touch contacts by patients, HCWs and visitors with any hospital environmental items. METHODS All contact-episodes between person and item were recorded by direct observation in a six-bed cubicle of acute wards for 33 working days. High-touch and mutual-touch items with high contact frequencies by HCWs, patients, and visitors were analysed. FINDINGS In total, 1107 person-episodes with 6144 contact-episodes were observed in 66 observation hours (average: 16.8 person-episodes and 93.1 contact-episodes per hour). Eight of the top 10 high-touch items, including bedside rails, bedside tables, patients' bodies, patients' files, linen, bed curtains, bed frames, and lockers were mutually touched by HCWs, patients, and visitors. Bedside rails topped the list with 13.6 contact-episodes per hour (mean), followed by bedside tables (12.3 contact-episodes per hour). Using patients' body contacts as a reference, it was found that medical staff and nursing staff contacted bedside tables [rate ratio (RR): 1.741, 1.427, respectively] and patients' files (RR: 1.358, 1.324, respectively) more than patients' bodies, and nursing staff also contacted bedside rails (RR: 1.490) more than patients' bodies. CONCLUSION Patients' surroundings may be links in the transmission of nosocomial infections because many are frequently touched and mutually contacted by HCWs, patients, and visitors. Therefore, the focus of hand hygiene education, environmental disinfection, and other system changes should be enhanced with respect to high-touch and mutual-touch items.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V C C Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China; Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P H Chau
- School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W M Lee
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S K Y Ho
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - D W Y Lee
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S Y C So
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S C Y Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J W M Tai
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chan SSC, Leung DYP, Leung AYM, Lam C, Hung I, Chu D, Chan CK, Johnston J, Liu SH, Liang R, Lam TH, Yuen KY. A nurse-delivered brief health education intervention to improve pneumococcal vaccination rate among older patients with chronic diseases: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud 2014; 52:317-24. [PMID: 25012957 PMCID: PMC7094619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is recommended for elders, especially those with chronic conditions. Objective The aim of this study was to determine if an additional multi-component health education intervention increases the uptake rate of the pneumococcal vaccination among older patients with chronic diseases. Methods A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted from 3 December 2007 to 7 March 2008. The clusters were the individual weeks within five Hong Kong outpatient clinics over a 10-week period. A sample of 2517 patients aged 65 or above with chronic diseases was recruited. Intervention group received a 3-min brief telephone education intervention before and a 3-min face-to-face intervention during scheduled medical appointments at the respective clinics. All subjects received standard care including health education leaflets and/or a video show at the clinics. Pneumococcal vaccination rate and awareness of the vaccination at 3-month follow up were measured. Results The vaccination rate was higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (57% vs 48%; relative risk = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.06–1.37), but the two groups did not differ significantly in their awareness of the vaccination at 3-month follow up (65% vs 59%, relative risk = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.69–1.07). Discussion A nurse-delivered brief health education intervention was effective in increasing uptake of pneumococcal vaccination among older patients with chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia S C Chan
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, 4/F, William MW Mong Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
| | - Doris Y P Leung
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Room 830, Ester Lee Building, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Angela Y M Leung
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, 4/F, William MW Mong Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Cindy Lam
- Family Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 3/F, 161 Main Street, Ap Lei Chau Clinic, Ap Lei Chau, Hong Kong
| | - Ivan Hung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 4/F, Professorial Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel Chu
- Family Medicine & Primary Healthcare Services, Hong Kong East Cluster, Hospital Authority, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, 3 Lok Man Road, Chai Wan, Hong Kong
| | | | - Janice Johnston
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 5/F, William MW Mong Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Shao Haei Liu
- Quality & Safety Division, Hospital Authority, Hospital Authority Building, 147B Argyle Street, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Raymond Liang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 4/F, Professorial Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Tai Hing Lam
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 5/F, William MW Mong Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, University Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital Compound, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chan KH, Yan MK, To KKW, Lau SK, Woo PC, Cheng VCC, Li WS, Chan JFW, Tse H, Yuen KY. Use of the human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cell line for isolating respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal aspirates. J Med Virol 2013; 85:874-9. [PMID: 23508913 PMCID: PMC7167083 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The human colorectal adenocarcinoma‐derived Caco‐2 cell line was evaluated as a means isolating common respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal aspirates for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. One hundred eighty‐nine direct immunofluorescence positive nasopharyngeal aspirates obtained from patients with various viral respiratory diseases were cultured in the presence of Caco‐2 cells or the following conventional cell lines: LLC‐MK2, MDCK, HEp‐2, and A549. Caco‐2 cell cultures effectively propagated the majority (84%) of the viruses present in nasopharyngeal aspirate samples compared with any positive cultures obtained using the panel cells (78%) or individual cell line MDCK (38%), HEp‐2 (21%), LLC‐MK2 (27%), or A549 (37%) cell lines. The differences against individual cell line were statistically significant (P = < 0.000001). Culture in Caco‐2 cells resulted in the isolation of 85% (36/42) of viruses which were not cultivated in conventional cell lines. By contrast, 80% (24/30) of viruses not cultivated in Caco‐2 cells were isolated using the conventional panel. The findings indicated that Caco‐2 cells were sensitive to a wide range of viruses and can be used to culture a broad range of respiratory viruses. J. Med. Virol. 85:874–879, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K H Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zheng BJ, Chan CS, Poon KM, Ng F, Ho CM, Che CM, Yuen KY. Development of anti-influenza A compounds: a pilot study. Hong Kong Med J 2013; 19 Suppl 4:36-38. [PMID: 23775185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
1. There is no effective anti-H5N1 avian influenza agent. 2. A chemical compound— BFDBSC—can inhibit H5N1 virus infection in cell cultures, and such inhibition might be attributable to its halogenated benzoyl residues. 3. This pilot study assessed anti- H5N1 activity and toxicity of four chemical compounds with halogenated benzoyl residues in cell culture system. 4. Two compounds—FPBFDBSC and BFB-gallate— showed higher antiviral effectsthan BFDBSC, whearas the other two—BFB-borneol and BFB-menthol—showed lower antiviral effects. These compounds did not show toxicity. 5. The halogenated benzoyl residues may play a key role in anti-H5N1 effects. However, all these compounds showed poor solubility, which may limit their utility
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B J Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|