1
|
Chen Y, Liu X, Liu X, Cui L, He Z, Gao Z, Liu L, Li Z, Wan Z, Yu Z. Correlation between TGF-β2/3 promoter DNA methylation and Smad signaling during palatal fusion induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:2019-2028. [PMID: 34053232 PMCID: PMC8474981 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211012288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent organic pollutant that is strongly associated with a number of human diseases and birth defects, including cleft palate. Transforming growth factor (TGF) plays a significant role during mammalian palatogenesis. However, the epigenetic mechanism of transforming growth factors in the process of TCDD-induced cleft palate is unclear. The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship and potential mechanism between TGF-β2/3 promoter DNA methylation and Smad signaling during TCDD-induced cleft palate. Pregnant C57BL/6N mice were exposed to 64 µg/kg TCDD on gestational day 10 (GD10) to establish the cleft palate model and palatal tissues of embryos were collected on GD13, GD14, and GD15 for subsequent experiments. TGF-β2/3 mRNA expression, TGF-β2/3 promoter methylation, and Smad signaling molecules expression were assessed in the palate of the two groups. The results showed that the incidence of cleft palate was 94.7% in the TCDD-treated group whereas no cleft palate was found in the control group. TCDD-treated group altered specific CpG sites of TGF-β2/3 promoter methylation. Compared to the control group, the proliferation of mouse embryonic palate mesenchymal stromal cells (MEPM), the expressions of TGF-β2/3, p-Smad2, and Smad4 were all reduced, while the expression of Smad7 was significantly increased in the atAR group. Smad signaling was downregulated by TCDD. Therefore, we suggest that TGF-β2/3 promoter methylation and Smad signaling may be involved in TCDD-induced cleft palate formation in fetal mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang
453003, China
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001,
China
| | - Xiaozhuan Liu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial
People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003,
China
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Henan University of
Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001,
China
| | - Lingling Cui
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001,
China
| | - Zhidong He
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001,
China
| | - Zhan Gao
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
450052, China
| | - Limin Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001,
China
| | - Zhitao Li
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Henan University of
Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001,
China
| | - Zengli Yu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang
453003, China
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001,
China
| |
Collapse
|