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Abstract
BACKGROUND. Restrictions implemented to control the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic may lead to disruptions in occupational balance among university students. PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a web-based time-use intervention on the occupational balance of university students. METHOD. A total of 60 participants were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received eight sessions of web-based time management intervention, while the control group received a single-session web-based time management intervention. Pre-and post-intervention occupational balance of the participants was evaluated with Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ). FINDINGS. The eight-session intervention was more effective than the single-session intervention in improving OBQ total scores and all individual OBQ item scores except for "Having sufficient things to do during a regular week." IMPLICATIONS. Occupational therapists can implement web-based time management interventions to promote the occupational balance of university students during the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Ben Hamouda A, Halayem S, BelHadj A, Cheour M. [Correlates of psychopathic personality traits in a sample of college students in Tunisia]. Encephale 2020; 46:427-435. [PMID: 32151454 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although psychopathy and its predictive factors are well documented in clinical samples, studies in non-clinical populations are relatively rare. We proposed to assess psychopathy traits in a population of Tunisian university students and to analyze their predictive factors. METHOD This was a cross-sectional study of 516 university students enrolled at three major Tunisian universities (Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Tunis, National Engineering School of Tunis, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis). Participants responded to a survey sheet containing sociodemographic data and the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale. RESULTS The students were female in 63.2 % of the cases, with a mean age of 22.7years. The socio-economic level was middle class in 62.4% of the cases. More than one-quarter of students (26.7%) consumed tobacco. The majority of students (81.4%) spent their free time on the Internet, while 11.8% participated in associative work. Psychopathy scores were relatively high (mean LSRPS scores=64.8) with no noticeable gender differences. Psychopathic traits were significantly associated with university (P=0.017), maternal occupational status (P=0.038), and tobacco use (P=0.029). In addition, the total psychopathy score was significantly lower among students sharing activities with their families (P=0.044) and among students participating in associational work (P=0.025). The multivariate multiple regression has retained as predictive factors of psychopathic traits the fact of being the eldest of his siblings and the associative work. CONCLUSION Prevention strategies should be put in place to prevent psychopathy and its individual and social impacts in young adults in general, and in university students in particular, especially promoting associative activity in the university environment which is currently lacking in our context.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fekih-Romdhane
- Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie; Hôpital Razi, La Manouba, Tunisie.
| | - A Ben Hamouda
- Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie; Hôpital Mongi Slim, La Marsa, Tunisie
| | - S Halayem
- Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie; Hôpital Razi, La Manouba, Tunisie
| | - A BelHadj
- Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie; Hôpital Mongi Slim, La Marsa, Tunisie
| | - M Cheour
- Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie; Hôpital Razi, La Manouba, Tunisie
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Bentouhami MR, Chakib A, El Fane M. Hepatitis B knowledge, attitudes and practices among Moroccan college students. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2019; 67:397-402. [PMID: 31561941 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral Hepatitis B (HBV) prevalence in Morocco is estimated at 1.81%. University students are an exposed population due to their risky behaviors. Their knowledge about HBV is still unknown. The aim of our study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of college students in Casablanca about HBV. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in January 2015 among the students of the eight schools of Hassan II University in Casablanca using a self-administered questionnaire. A knowledge score was calculated to compare the groups with sufficient and insufficient knowledge. A logistic regression adjusted on gender was performed to explore the factors associated with a sufficient knowledge about HBV (P<0.05). RESULTS The response rate was 90.2% (n=652). The median age was 21 years old. From our sample, 97.5% knew the existence of "hepatitis". The main means of information were media and relatives. The most known way of infection was blood transmission (50.3%) while 11.5% believed in the effectiveness of the traditional methods of treatment. Eating with an HBV infected person was thought to be a risky behavior for 38% of the students. A knowledge level that was deemed to be sufficient was scored by 31.1% of the students. The sufficient knowledge was correlated to being a health care student, being vaccinated and being married. CONCLUSION Casablanca's student knowledge about HBV remains limited. We believe that improvements in awareness and access to immunization are needed. These measures would likely help decreasing HBV incidence in students and ensure a better social integration of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Bentouhami
- Department of infectious diseases, Ibn Rochd Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - A Chakib
- Department of infectious diseases, Ibn Rochd Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - M El Fane
- Department of infectious diseases, Ibn Rochd Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
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Ade S, Agodokpessi G, Hounkpatin SHR, Kemdjo Y, Alassani A, Adjobimey M, Adjibodé O. [Prevalence and control of asthma among medical students at Parakou, Benin]. Rev Mal Respir 2019; 36:664-71. [PMID: 31204234 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and to assess the control of asthma among students at the faculty of medicine of the university of Parakou in Benin. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out between January and November 2017. The Asthma Screening Questionnaire (ASQ) was filled out by medical students, followed by the Asthma Control Test questionnaire for those who were suspected of having clinical asthma (ASQ≥4). All students with clinical asthma or with a history of asthma were invited to perform a spirometry test. RESULTS Overall, 837 (73.7%) students out of 1136 were included. The prevalence was 9.1% for ever diagnosed asthma, 14% for clinical asthma and 5.3% for confirmed asthma. Among 761 students, without a previous asthma diagnosis, 10.4% had clinical asthma and 3.3% a confirmed asthma. Female sex (aOR=2.1; 95%CI =1.0-4.1), a previous diagnosis of asthma (aOR=7; 95% CI=3.2-15.2) and allergic rhinitis (aOR=3.9; 95% CI=1.9-7.8) were associated with confirmed asthma. Asthma symptoms were controlled in 92 (78.6%) students, partly controlled in 20 (17.1%), and not controlled in 5 (4.3%). CONCLUSION Clinical manifestations of asthma are frequent among medical students at Parakou. Some are not well controlled, suggesting a need for greater awareness and an improvement in clinical follow-up.
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Dugué M, Garncarzyk C, Dosseville F. [Psychological characteristics of stress in nursing student]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2018; 66:347-354. [PMID: 30318334 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Student nurses have perceived stress higher than students taking other training courses. The objective of this work was to investigate psychological characteristics of nursing students in an attempt to understand why they are more subject to stress than others. METHODS We carried out a self-administered questionnaire survey to compare students taking various training courses (i.e., sport sciences, psychology, medicine, and nursing). Perceived stress and health, high-risk behaviors, different psychological determinants of stress (i.e. coping, emotional skills, resilience, self-esteem, personality, chronotype) were assessed. RESULTS Multiple linear regression analysis yielded a model showing that seven independent variables were correlated with perceived stress among students: perceived health, neuroticism, stress tolerance, active coping, understanding of one's own emotions, chronotype amplitude, and use of one's own feelings. Moreover, medicine and nursing students were more stressed and perceived their health in a more negative way than students taking other training courses. Nursing students were also less stress tolerant. CONCLUSION The regression model suggests that psychological characteristics influence stress level among students. Moreover, the results show that medicine and nursing students differ from other students on resilience in stress tolerance dimension as well as on a set of behaviors. Practical perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dugué
- UFR STAPS, université Caen-Normandie, 2, boulevard du Maréchal-Juin, 14032 Caen cedex, France; EA4260, centre d'étude sport et actions motrices, 14032 Caen, France
| | - C Garncarzyk
- UFR STAPS, université Caen-Normandie, 2, boulevard du Maréchal-Juin, 14032 Caen cedex, France; EA4260, centre d'étude sport et actions motrices, 14032 Caen, France
| | - F Dosseville
- UFR STAPS, université Caen-Normandie, 2, boulevard du Maréchal-Juin, 14032 Caen cedex, France; EA4260, centre d'étude sport et actions motrices, 14032 Caen, France.
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Guihard G. Exploration of mental health of health students: Dental and medical formations promote anhedonia. Encephale 2018; 44:94-100. [PMID: 29395245 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Health students usually report to experience stress during their formation. This is due to their exposure to patient's disease or death, to their learning of interpersonal relationships, and to the discovery of health practitioner's responsibility. Anhedonia represents a deficit in experiencing pleasure that is promoted by stressful living conditions. We hypothesized that health formations promote anhedonia. Our objectives have consisted in measuring anhedonia and analyzing its variation and heterogeneity among health students. METHODS The Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) was used to assess anhedonia and its anticipatory and consummatory dimensions. TEPS corresponds to an 18-item questionnaire, the score of which is based on a 6-point Likert scale. Low score indicates a high anhedonia propensity. Score differences were analyzed by considering gender, curriculum and formation as independent variables. A cluster analysis was used to explore anhedonia heterogeneity among our sample. RESULTS We collected 1231 responses. Our data confirm French TEPS as a reliable tool for anhedonia evaluation in dental and medical students. Statistical analyses reveal a significant effect of gender (male>female), curriculum (clinical>preclinical) and formation (dental>medical) on anhedonia propensity. Cluster analysis highlights four sub-groups of students characterized by increasing anhedonia traits and by different gender, formation and curriculum proportions. CONCLUSION This work describes the first analysis of anhedonia manifestation during dental and medical studies in France. The consequences of our findings for the comprehension of dental and medical students' mental health during their formation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Guihard
- Laboratoire de neurophysiologie expérimentale, faculté de médecine, université de Nantes, 1, rue Gaston-Veil, 44000 Nantes, France.
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Carton L, Cabé N, Ménard O, Deheul S, Caous AS, Devos D, Cottencin O, Bordet R. [Pharmaceutical cognitive doping in students: a chimeric way to get-a-head?]. Therapie 2017; 73:319-329. [PMID: 29224920 DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
For students, the pressing demands for memorization, top-level performance, and peer competition create an environment favorable for pharmaceutical cognitive doping behavior. We aimed to describe recent practices and the benefit / risk ratio of such behavior and to discuss the issues at stake. The prevalence of pharmaceutical cognitive doping among students has been reported from 1.3% to 33% across studies, with variations depending on country and definition of pharmaceutical cognitive doping. The therapeutic classes most frequently cited as being diverted for doping purposes are psychostimulants and nootropics (methylphenidate, modafinil, piracetam), corticosteroids, sedative drugs and beta-blockers. Some illegal substances such as cannabis, amphetamines and cocaine are also consumed in order to boost mental function. Finally, over-the-counter products, such as caffeine-based tablets or energy drinks, or alcohol, are also widely used by students whose motivations involve enhanced performance, concentration, memory, and staying awake during the revision and exam period. However, the expected (often fantasized) effectiveness of these products does not correspond to the reality of a modest controversial impact on cognitive performance. There appears to be an emerging profile of the student more inclined to doping behavior. Cognitive doping thus raises the question of its regulation, opening a debate opposing, on one hand, individual freedom and supposed collective benefits and, on the other hand, health consequences, educational (in)equality, and the risk of tarnished academic success. Strengthening school and university medicine, through prevention campaigns and the identification of subjects at risk, is essential to limit the extent, risk, and damages associated with such practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Carton
- Inserm, UMR S1171, service de pharmacologie médicale, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; CEIP-addictovigilance, service de pharmacologie médicale, CHRU de Lille, 59045 Lille cedex, France; Service d'addictologie et de psychiatrie, CHU de Lille, 59037 Lille, France.
| | - Nicolas Cabé
- Inserm, U1077, Unicaen, EPHE, neuropsychologie et imagerie de la mémoire humaine, PSL research university, Normandie université, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; Service universitaire d'addictologie, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Olivier Ménard
- Service d'addictologie et de psychiatrie, CHU de Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Sylvie Deheul
- Inserm, UMR S1171, service de pharmacologie médicale, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; CEIP-addictovigilance, service de pharmacologie médicale, CHRU de Lille, 59045 Lille cedex, France
| | - Anne-Sylvie Caous
- CEIP-addictovigilance, service de pharmacologie médicale, CHRU de Lille, 59045 Lille cedex, France
| | - David Devos
- Inserm, UMR S1171, service de pharmacologie médicale, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Licend Coen Center Lille, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Olivier Cottencin
- CNRS UMR 9193 SCALab PsyCHIC Team, université de Lille, 59045 Lille, France; Service d'addictologie et de psychiatrie, CHU de Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Régis Bordet
- Inserm, UMR S1171, service de pharmacologie médicale, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; CEIP-addictovigilance, service de pharmacologie médicale, CHRU de Lille, 59045 Lille cedex, France
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Risse J, Busato T, Dufrost V, Perri M, Zuily S, Wahl D. [Development of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) for evaluating clinical competence in vascular medicine]. J Med Vasc 2017; 42:141-147. [PMID: 28705402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdmv.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vascular medicine is now a clinical specialty in France. During their studies, students will acquire clinical reasoning in addition to technical skills. An Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is considered as the gold standard for evaluating clinical competence. Our main objective was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of OSCE for the evaluation of students, secondarily their performance. METHODS Three representative clinical cases of the specialty were developed. The OSCE consisted of a sequence of clinical situations presented in three stations of 7minutes each. The role of the simulated patient was played by medical students. At the end of the OSCE, observers and students completed the evaluation form. We compared the performances between junior and senior vascular medicine students. Written questionnaires were used to measure OSCE satisfaction. RESULTS We were able to develop and organize this examination without difficulties. Fifteen students were evaluated. All participants agreed that the clinical situations were representative of vascular medicine practice, the cases were realistic and standardized patients were convincing. The performance of senior students was statistically higher than junior students in one case. DISCUSSION Our study demonstrates the feasibility and acceptability of the OSCE in students in vascular medicine. The small number of stations and candidates requires further studies on a larger scale to evaluate their performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Risse
- Service de médecine vasculaire et centre de compétence régional des maladies vasculaires rares et systémiques auto-immunes, CHRU de Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France; Inserm, UMR S 1116, université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France.
| | - T Busato
- Service de médecine vasculaire et centre de compétence régional des maladies vasculaires rares et systémiques auto-immunes, CHRU de Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France
| | - V Dufrost
- Service de médecine vasculaire et centre de compétence régional des maladies vasculaires rares et systémiques auto-immunes, CHRU de Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France
| | - M Perri
- Service de médecine vasculaire et centre de compétence régional des maladies vasculaires rares et systémiques auto-immunes, CHRU de Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France
| | - S Zuily
- Service de médecine vasculaire et centre de compétence régional des maladies vasculaires rares et systémiques auto-immunes, CHRU de Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France; Inserm, UMR S 1116, université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - D Wahl
- Service de médecine vasculaire et centre de compétence régional des maladies vasculaires rares et systémiques auto-immunes, CHRU de Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France; Inserm, UMR S 1116, université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
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Guérin A, Bussières JF. [A pilot study of the professional ethical thinking of Quebec hospital pharmacists and pharmacy students]. Ann Pharm Fr 2016; 75:67-76. [PMID: 27659415 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main objective was to assess the position of Quebec pharmaceutical community about pharmaceutical ethics statements. The second objective was to compare the level of agreement of pharmacy students and hospitals pharmacists. METHOD Survey conducted one day given in 2012 and 2013 for students in 2013 and from 29/08/2014 to 02/09/2014 for pharmacists. A questionnaire of eight themes and 43 statements was developed: training and education (5 questions), clinical research (7) advertising and marketing (5) evaluation (5) dispensing medication (4), pharmaceutical care (9) economic aspect (6) and code of ethics (2). A Likert scale with four choices was used to measure the level of agreement. The primary outcome was the difference between the level of agreement of pharmacy students and hospital pharmacists. The Chi2 test was used. RESULTS A total of 347 students and 398 pharmacists responded to the survey. There was a statistically significant difference regarding the level of agreement with 28 statements on 43. The differences focused on eight themes of the questionnaire, or training and education (3/5 significantly different questions), clinical research (2/7), advertising and marketing (2/5), Evaluation (4/5) dispensing medication (4/4), pharmaceutical care (5/9), economic aspect (6/6) and ethics (2/2). CONCLUSION This study shows that there is a difference between pharmacists and pharmacy students about pharmaceutical ethics statements.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guérin
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - J-F Bussières
- Pharmacy Department and Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), université de Montréal, 3175, chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5 Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Ricquebourg M, Bernède-Bauduin C, Mété D, Dafreville C, Stojcic I, Vauthier M, Galland MC. [Internet and video games among students of Reunion Island in 2010: uses, misuses, perceptions and associated factors]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013; 61:503-12. [PMID: 24210787 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.07.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Describe the uses of Internet and video games and quantify associated problematic uses. METHODS Information on student practices concerning the use of the Internet and video games was collected with a self-administered questionnaire. Problematic uses were identified with specific tools (Young criteria and Tejeiro criteria) and with self-evaluative questions. Information on life events with traumatic potential and use of psychoactive substances was also collected. Logistic regression models were applied to identify possible associated factors. RESULTS Based on a sample of 1119 subjects, this study showed that students in Reunion Island are very concerned by the uses of the Internet and video games (98% and 46% of respondents). The prevalence of problematic use of the Internet accounted for 6% of respondents. Problematic uses of video games involved 8% of students (18% of gamers). Young people seemed unaware of their problematic practices and were seeking informations. The public respondent was also characterized by vulnerable situations (traumatic events induring their lives, consumption of psychoactive substances). Significant associations (with no identified causality) were examined, in particular between problematic uses of Internet and video games, and life events with traumatic potential. CONCLUSION These first estimates of the prevalence of problematic use of Internet and video games on Reunion Island are important to promote locally collective awareness about these modern addictions. These results will be used to guide local actions of prevention and care, especially among younger generations. But it is necessary to conduct further work to better identify the factors associated with these problematic uses (determinants, comorbidities addictive…).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ricquebourg
- Observatoire régional de la santé (ORS), 12, rue Colbert, 97400 Saint-Denis, Réunion.
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Lohouès-Kouacou MJ, Assi C, Nigué L, Biékré AR, Ouattara A, Koné S, Soro D, Allah-Kouadio E, Okon JBA, Diakité M, Doffou S, Camara BM. [Hepatitis B: cross-sectional study of knowledge and immunization among students at University of Cocody, Ivory Coast]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013; 61:494-8. [PMID: 24042047 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate knowledge about hepatitis B and vaccination coverage among students at Cocody's University, Ivory Coast. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted during the academic year 2005-2006 (2557 students). Parameters were collected by interview using a survey chart. Factors influencing knowledge and vaccination against hepatitis B were analyzed by logistic regression. RESULTS The majority of students (n=1174, 69.4% [95% CI 68-71]) knew about hepatitis B. Only 17.5% and 26.1% of students respectively were aware of sexual and blood transmission. None of the students were aware of maternal-fetal transmission. Factors associated with knowledge of hepatitis B were enrollment in health sciences (Odds Ratio=24.19 [95% CI 8.65-76.63]) and having a scholarship (Odds Ratio=2.34 [95% CI 1.54-3.56]). Vaccination coverage against hepatitis B was low (Odds Ratio=3.7% [95% CI 3-4]). Factors associated with vaccination were: knowledge of hepatitis B (Odds Ratio=6.83 [95% CI 4.57-10.27]), enrollment in health sciences (Odds Ratio=3.59 [95% CI 2.60-4.96]), marriage (Odds Ratio=2.04 [95% CI 1.13-3.64]) and having a scholarship (Odds Ratio=1.60 [95% CI 1.09-2.35]). CONCLUSION Knowledge and vaccination coverage against hepatitis B among students at Cocody's University is low. Students should be given information about hepatitis B and access to free vaccination. Students enrolled in health sciences should be vaccinated before admission because of specific risks of contamination, for themselves and for their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-J Lohouès-Kouacou
- Service de gastroentérologie, centre hospitalier universitaire de Cocody, BP V 13, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
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Hammoudi N, Arangalage D, Boubrit L, Renaud MC, Isnard R, Collet JP, Cohen A, Duguet A. Ultrasound-based teaching of cardiac anatomy and physiology to undergraduate medical students. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 106:487-91. [PMID: 23911833 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasonography is a non-invasive imaging modality that offers the opportunity to teach living cardiac anatomy and physiology. AIMS The objectives of this study were to assess the feasibility of integrating an ultrasound-based course into the conventional undergraduate medical teaching programme and to analyse student and teacher feedback. METHODS An ultrasound-based teaching course was implemented and proposed to all second-year medical students (n=348) at the end of the academic year, after all the conventional modules at our faculty. After a brief theoretical and practical demonstration, students were allowed to take the probe and use the ultrasound machine. Students and teachers were asked to complete a survey and were given the opportunity to provide open feedback. RESULTS Two months were required to implement the entire module; 330 (95%) students (divided into 39 groups) and 37 teachers participated in the course. Student feedback was very positive: 98% of students agreed that the course was useful; 85% and 74% considered that their understanding of cardiac anatomy and physiology, respectively, was improved. The majority of the teachers (97%) felt that the students were interested, 81% agreed that the course was appropriate for second-year medical students and 84% were willing to participate to future sessions. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac anatomy and physiology teaching using ultrasound is feasible for undergraduate medical students and enhances their motivation to improve their knowledge. Student and teacher feedback on the course was very positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadjib Hammoudi
- Institut de cardiologie, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Faculté de médecine Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, University Paris-6, Paris, France.
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