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Vončina D, Diaz-Lara A, Preiner D, Al Rwahnih M, Stevens K, Jurić S, Malenica N, Šimon S, Meng B, Maletić E, Fulgosi H, Cvjetković B. Virus and Virus-like Pathogens in the Grapevine Virus Collection of Croatian Autochthonous Grapevine Cultivars. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:1485. [PMID: 35684258 PMCID: PMC9182833 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine collections play an important role, especially in the study of viruses and virus-like pathogens. In 2009, after an initial ELISA screening for eight viruses (arabis mosaic virus, grapevine fanleaf virus, grapevine fleck virus, grapevine leafroll-associated viruses 1, 2, and 3, and grapevine viruses A and B), a collection of 368 grapevine accessions representing 14 different Croatian autochthonous cultivars and containing single or mixed infection of viruses was established to further characterize the viral pathogens. Subsequently, Western blot, RT-PCR, cloning, and sequencing revealed that grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus was frequently found in accessions of the collection, with isolates showing substantial genetic diversity in the helicase and coat protein regions. High-throughput sequencing of 22 grapevine accessions provides additional insight into the viruses and viroids present in the collection and confirms the fact that Croatian autochthonous grapevine cultivars have high infection rates and high virome diversity. The recent spread of "flavescence dorée" phytoplasma in Europe has not spared the collection. After the first symptoms observed in 2020 and 2021, the presence of phytoplasma was confirmed by LAMP in six grapevine accessions and some of them were lost. Single or multiple viruses and viroids, as well as own rooted grapevines in the collection, make the plants susceptible to various abiotic factors, which, together with the recent occurrence of "flavescence dorée", makes the maintenance of the collection a challenge. Future efforts will be directed towards renewing the collection, as 56% of the original collection has been lost in the last 13 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darko Vončina
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Alfredo Diaz-Lara
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Queretaro, Queretaro 76130, Mexico;
| | - Darko Preiner
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.P.); (E.M.)
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maher Al Rwahnih
- Foundation Plant Services, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (M.A.R.); (K.S.)
| | - Kristian Stevens
- Foundation Plant Services, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (M.A.R.); (K.S.)
- Departments of Computer Science and Evolution and Ecology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Snježana Jurić
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.J.); (H.F.)
| | - Nenad Malenica
- Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Silvio Šimon
- Directorate for the Professional Support for the Development of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Baozhong Meng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Edi Maletić
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.P.); (E.M.)
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Fulgosi
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.J.); (H.F.)
| | - Bogdan Cvjetković
- Department of Agricultural Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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