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Singh B, Bogatcheva G, Krystofiak E, McKinley ET, Hill S, Rose KL, Higginbotham JN, Coffey RJ. Induction of apically mistrafficked epiregulin disrupts epithelial polarity via aberrant EGFR signaling. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:271860. [PMID: 34406412 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.255927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In polarized MDCK cells, disruption of the tyrosine-based YXXΦ basolateral trafficking motif (Y156A) in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand epiregulin (EREG), results in its apical mistrafficking and transformation in vivo. However, the mechanisms underlying these dramatic effects are unknown. Using a doxycycline-inducible system in 3D Matrigel cultures, we now show that induction of Y156A EREG in fully formed MDCK cysts results in direct and complete delivery of mutant EREG to the apical cell surface. Within 3 days of induction, ectopic lumens were detected in mutant, but not wild-type, EREG-expressing cysts. Of note, these structures resembled histological features found in subcutaneous xenografts of mutant EREG-expressing MDCK cells. These ectopic lumens formed de novo rather than budding from the central lumen and depended on metalloprotease-mediated cleavage of EREG and subsequent EGFR activity. Moreover, the most frequent EREG mutation in human cancer (R147stop) resulted in its apical mistrafficking in engineered MDCK cells. Thus, induction of EREG apical mistrafficking is sufficient to disrupt selective aspects of polarity of a preformed polarized epithelium. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuminder Singh
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center , Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Galina Bogatcheva
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Evan Krystofiak
- Cell Imaging Shared Resource, Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Eliot T McKinley
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center , Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Salisha Hill
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - James N Higginbotham
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center , Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Lee JS, An SY, Kwon IK, Heo JS. Transdifferentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells into pancreatic cell lineage. Cell Biochem Funct 2014; 32:605-11. [PMID: 25187163 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (PDLSCs) demonstrate self-renewal capacity and multilineage differentiation potential. In this study, we investigated the transdifferentiation potential of human PDLSCs into pancreatic islet cells. To form three-dimensional (3D) clusters, PDLSCs were cultured in Matrigel with media containing differentiation-inducing agents. We found that after 6 days in culture, PDLSCs underwent morphological changes resembling pancreatic islet-like cell clusters (ICCs). The morphological characteristics of PDLSC-derived ICCs were further assessed using scanning electron microscopy analysis. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis, we found that pluripotency genes were downregulated, whereas early endoderm and pancreatic differentiation genes were upregulated, in PDLSC-derived ICCs compared with undifferentiated PDLSCs. Furthermore, we found that PDLSC-derived ICCs were capable of secreting insulin in response to high concentrations of glucose, validating their functional differentiation into islet cells. Finally, we also performed dithizone staining, as well as immunofluorescence assays and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis for pancreatic differentiation markers, to confirm the differentiation status of PDLSC-derived ICCs. These results demonstrate that PDLSCs can transdifferentiate into functional pancreatic islet-like cells and provide a novel, alternative cell population for pancreatic repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Seok Lee
- Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, South Korea
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