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Qiu ZC, Zhang FX, Hu XL, Zhang YY, Tang ZL, Zhang J, Yang L, Wong MS, Chen JX, Xiao HH. Genistein Modified with 8-Prenyl Group Suppresses Osteoclast Activity Directly via Its Prototype but Not Metabolite by Gut Microbiota. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227811. [PMID: 36431913 PMCID: PMC9694937 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a significant threat to human health globally. Genistein, a soy-derived isoflavone, is regarded as a promising anti-osteoporosis drug with the effects of promoting osteoblastogenesis and suppressing osteoclastogenesis. However, its oral bioavailability (6.8%) is limited by water solubility, intestinal permeability, and biotransformation. Fortunately, 8-prenelylated genistein (8PG), a derivative of genistein found in Erythrina Variegate, presented excellent predicted oral bioavailability (51.64%) with an improved osteoblastogenesis effect, although its effects on osteoclastogenesis and intestinal biotransformation were still unclear. In this study, an in vitro microbial transformation platform and UPLC-QTOF/MS analysis method were developed to explore the functional metabolites of 8PG. RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells were utilized to evaluate the effects of 8PG on osteoclastogenesis. Our results showed that genistein was transformed into dihydrogenistein and 5-hydroxy equol, while 8PG metabolites were undetectable under the same conditions. The 8PG (10-6 M) was more potent in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis than genistein (10-5 M) and it down-regulated NFATC1, cSRC, MMP-9 and Cathepsin K. It was concluded that 8-prenyl plays an important role in influencing the osteoclast activity and intestinal biotransformation of 8PG, which provides evidence supporting the further development of 8PG as a good anti-osteoporosis agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Cheng Qiu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Feng-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xue-Ling Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yang-Yang Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zi-Ling Tang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Man-Sau Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Research Center for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Correspondence: (J.-X.C.); (H.-H.X.); Tel.: +86-20-85221323 (J.-X.C.); +86-755-26737139 (H.-H.X.)
| | - Hui-Hui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Research Center for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence: (J.-X.C.); (H.-H.X.); Tel.: +86-20-85221323 (J.-X.C.); +86-755-26737139 (H.-H.X.)
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Zhang Y, Zhou LP, Li XL, Zhao YJ, Ho MX, Qiu ZC, Zhao DF, Mok DKW, Shi Q, Wang YJ, Wong MS. 8-Prenylgenistein, a prenylated genistein derivative, exerted tissue selective osteoprotective effects in ovariectomized mice. Oncotarget 2018; 9:24221-24236. [PMID: 29849935 PMCID: PMC5966244 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study reported that the in vitro osteogenic effects of 8-prenylgenistein (8PG) were more potent than its parent compound genistein. This study aimed to evaluate the osteoprotective effects of 8PG in ovariectomized (OVX) mice as well as to characterize its estrogenic effects in uterus. Mature OVX mice were treated with phytoestrogen-free diet containing 8PG or genistein. Trabecular bone mass and most of the micro-structural parameters were ameliorated at the distal femoral metaphysis in OVX mice upon treatment with genistein and both doses of 8PG. The beneficial effects of 8PG on trabecular bone were confirmed by safranin O and ABHO staining. 8PG markedly inhibited the ovariectomy-induced mRNA expressions of RANKL/OPG, ALP, COL, OCN, cathepsin K and ER-α in bone. In contrast, genistein further increased the ovariectomy-induced ER-α expression in bone. The uterus index was increased in genistein-treated group. Genistein up-regulated the expression of ER-α and PR, while 8PG significantly down-regulated the ER-α and C3 expression in uterus of OVX mice. Moreover, genistein, but not 8PG, increased expressions of ER-α, PCNA and C3 in Ishikawa cell. This study suggested that 8PG improved trabecular bone properties in OVX mice without exerting uterotrophic effects and its estrogenic actions were distinct from those of genistein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Spine Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PRC
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PRC
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PRC
| | - Li-Ping Zhou
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PRC
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, PRC
| | - Yong-Jian Zhao
- Spine Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PRC
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PRC
| | - Ming-Xian Ho
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PRC
| | - Zuo-Cheng Qiu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PRC
| | - Dong-Feng Zhao
- Spine Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PRC
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PRC
| | - Daniel Kam-Wah Mok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PRC
| | - Qi Shi
- Spine Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PRC
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PRC
| | - Yong-Jun Wang
- Spine Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PRC
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PRC
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PRC
| | - Man-Sau Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PRC
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PRC
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