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Aydin I, May M, Pisano F, Mpofu-Maetzig N, Grode L, Parekh S, Pujari P, Shewale S, Desai S, Sharma H, Rao H, Gautam M, Gairola S, Shaligram U. Safety and immunogenicity of SIIPL Tdap, a new tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine, in healthy subjects 4-65 years of age: A Phase II/III randomized, observer-blinded, active controlled, multicenter clinical study in Germany. Vaccine 2023:S0264-410X(23)01157-X. [PMID: 37827966 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed the safety and immunogenicity of a new booster vaccine against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis manufactured by Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd (SIIPL Tdap). METHODS The Phase II/III trial was randomized (2:1), observer blinded and active controlled. Healthy subjects aged 4-65 years received a single dose of either SIIPL Tdap or comparator Tdap vaccine (Boostrix®, GlaxoSmithKline, Belgium), and were followed-up for 30 days. Blood samples for safety and immunogenicity assessments were collected pre-vaccination and on day 30 post-vaccination. The study assessed safety and reactogenicity of SIIPL Tdap compared to the comparator Tdap as well as the co-primary immunogenicity outcomes: (i) seroprotection rates against diphtheria toxoid (DT) and tetanus toxoid (TT) and (ii) the booster response rates against pertussis toxoid (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and pertactin (PRN) 30 days post-vaccination in all study subjects. A margin of -10 % was used for non-inferiority testing. Secondary outcomes included the booster response rates against DT and TT, seropositivity rates against pertussis antigens, and antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) for all vaccine components. RESULTS At Day 30 post-vaccination, SIIPL Tdap was assessed as non-inferior to the comparator Tdap in terms of: i) seroprotection rates against DT (94.4 % vs. 94.9 %) and TT (99.9 % vs. 100 %) and ii) pertussis booster response rates (93.8 % vs. 88.4 % anti-PT, 89.7 % vs. 90.9 % anti-FHA and 86.3 % vs. 84.4 % anti-PRN), for SIIPL Tdap versus comparator Tdap, respectively. GMCs for anti-PT and anti-PRN were higher in subjects vaccinated with SIIPL Tdap compared to comparator Tdap. All other secondary outcomes were comparable. The overall frequency of local and systemic solicited AEs was comparable; no treatment related SAEs were reported. CONCLUSIONS Booster vaccination with SIIPL Tdap was non-inferior to comparator Tdap with respect to the immunogenicity of the vaccine components and was equally well tolerated. EudraCT number: 2019-002706-46.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inci Aydin
- Serum Life Science Europe GmbH, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Marcus May
- Serum Life Science Europe GmbH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fabio Pisano
- Serum Life Science Europe GmbH, Hannover, Germany.
| | | | | | - Sameer Parekh
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Pramod Pujari
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Sunil Shewale
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Shivani Desai
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Hitt Sharma
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Harish Rao
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Manish Gautam
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Sunil Gairola
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
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Shinde B, Patil D, Nandre V, Gautam M, Doshi P, Gairola S. Development and validation of a spectrophotometric method for quantification of residual cyclodextrin (DIMEB; Heptakis) in pertussis antigens. Biologicals 2023; 81:101663. [PMID: 36791626 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2023.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylated derivatives of cyclodextrins such as DIMEB (2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin or Heptakis is commonly used as culture medium modifier in manufacturing of pertussis antigens for promoting the growth of bacteria. We report here development and validation of a spectrophotometric method for estimation of DIMEB in different product matrices of pertussis vaccine antigens i.e. Filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA), Pertactin (PRN) and Pertussis toxin (PT). The detection is based on characteristic reaction of hydrolyzed sugars derivatives from DIMEB i.e., furfural derivatives with anthrone reagent to form colored complexes which could be quantified at 625 nm. Method showed excellent linearity with correlation coefficient (R2) > 0.995 over the concentration of 5.0-80.0 μg. LOD and LOQ of 1.47 μg and 4.46 μg respectively was reported. The overall precision (repeatability and intermediate precision) showed % RSD for DIMEB content <10.0% for all the matrices. % Recoveries for DIMEB after three different spike levels (low, middle and high) were within 90%-113%. The method was successfully applied for determination of residual DIMEB in different product matrices of FHA, PRN and PT protein antigens. This can be used to monitor residual DIMEB levels during manufacturing of acellular pertussis antigens.
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Sharma HJ, Parekh S, Pujari P, Shewale S, Desai S, Kawade A, Ravi M, Oswal J, James S, Mahantashetti N, Munshi R, Ghosh A, Rao V, Balsubramaniam S, Varughese P, Somshekhar A, Ginsburg AS, Rao H, Gautam M, Gairola S, Shaligram U. Safety and immunogenicity of an indigenously developed tetanus toxoid, diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) in adults, adolescents, and children in India. Expert Rev Vaccines 2023; 22:278-287. [PMID: 36883291 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2188942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed safety and immunogenicity of Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd (SIIPL)'s tetanus toxoid (TT), diphtheria toxoid (DT), and acellular pertussis booster vaccine (Tdap). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this Phase II/III, multicenter, randomized, active-controlled, open-label study, 1500 healthy individuals, aged 4-65 years, were randomized to receive a single dose of SIIPL Tdap or comparator Tdap vaccine (Boostrix®; GlaxoSmithKlines, India). Adverse events (AEs) during initial 30 minutes, 7-day, 30-day post-vaccination were assessed. Blood samples were taken before and 30 days post-vaccination for immunogenicity assessment. RESULTS No significant differences in incidence of local and systemic solicited AEs were observed between the two groups; no vaccine-related serious AEs were reported. SIIPL Tdap was non-inferior to comparator Tdap in achieving booster responses to TT and DT in 75.2% and 70.8% of the participants, respectively, and to pertussis toxoid (PT), pertactin (PRN), and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) in 94.3%, 92.6%, and 95.0% of the participants, respectively. Anti-PT, anti-PRN, and anti-FHA antibody geometric mean titers in both the groups, were significantly higher post-vaccination compared to pre-vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Booster vaccination with SIIPL Tdap was non-inferior to comparator Tdap with respect to immunogenicity against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis and was well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitt J Sharma
- Department of Clinical Research and Pharmacovigilance, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd, Pune, India
| | - Sameer Parekh
- Department of Clinical Research and Pharmacovigilance, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd, Pune, India
| | - Pramod Pujari
- Department of Clinical Research and Pharmacovigilance, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd, Pune, India
| | - Sunil Shewale
- Department of Clinical Research and Pharmacovigilance, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd, Pune, India
| | - Shivani Desai
- Department of Clinical Research and Pharmacovigilance, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd, Pune, India
| | - Anand Kawade
- Department of Pediatrics, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Vadu Rural Health Program, Pune, India
| | - Mandyam Ravi
- Department of Pediatrics, JSS Hospital, Mysore, India
| | - Jitendra Oswal
- Department of Pediatrics, Bharti Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College and Hospital, Pune, India
| | - Saji James
- Department of Pediatrics, Sri Ramchandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - N Mahantashetti
- Department of Pediatrics, KLE's Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belgavi, India
| | - Renuka Munshi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Topiwala National Medical College and Bai Yamunabai Laxman Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Apurba Ghosh
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health, Kolkata, India
| | - Venkateshwar Rao
- Department of Medicine, Global Gleneagles Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - P Varughese
- Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, India
| | - A Somshekhar
- Department of Pediatrics, M. S. Ramaiah Medical College & Hos, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Harish Rao
- Production Department, Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd, Pune, India
| | - Manish Gautam
- Department of Quality Control, Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd, Pune, India
| | - Sunil Gairola
- Department of Quality Control, Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd, Pune, India
| | - Umesh Shaligram
- Production Department, Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd, Pune, India
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Blanc P, Liu Y, Reveneau N, Cavell B, Gorringe A, Renauld-Mongénie G. The role of bactericidal and opsonic activity in immunity against Bordetella pertussis. Expert Rev Vaccines 2022; 21:1727-1738. [PMID: 36369768 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2137145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pertussis vaccines have drastically reduced the disease burden in humans since their implementation. Despite their success, pertussis remains an important global public health challenge. Bordetella pertussis resurgence could be a result of greater surveillance combined with improved diagnosis methods, changes in Bordetella pertussis biology, vaccine schedules, and/or coverage. Additionally, mechanisms of protection conferred by acellular pertussis (aP) and whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines differ qualitatively. There are no clear immune correlates of protection for pertussis vaccines. Pertussis antigens can induce toxin neutralizing antibodies, block adherence or engage complement mediated phagocytic/bactericidal killing. AREAS COVERED We reviewed the existing evidence on antibody-mediated serum bactericidal and opsonophagocytic activity and discussed the relevance of these functional antibodies in the development of next-generation pertussis vaccines. EXPERT OPINION Current paradigm proposes that wP vaccines may confer greater herd protection than aP vaccines due to their enhanced clearance of bacteria from the nasopharynx in animal models. Functional antibodies may contribute to the reduction of nasal colonization, which differentiates aP and wP vaccines. Understanding the intrinsic differences in protective immune responses elicited by each class of vaccines will help to identify biomarkers that can be used as immunological end points in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Blanc
- Research & Development, Sanofi, Marcy l'Etoile, France
| | - Yuanqing Liu
- Research & Development, Sanofi, Marcy l'Etoile, France
| | | | - Breeze Cavell
- Department of Research and Evaluation, United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency, Salisbury, UK
| | - Andrew Gorringe
- Department of Research and Evaluation, United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency, Salisbury, UK
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Alghounaim M, Alsaffar Z, Alfraij A, Bin-Hasan S, Hussain E. Whole-Cell and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine: Reflections on Efficacy. Med Princ Pract 2022; 31:313-321. [PMID: 35696990 PMCID: PMC9485965 DOI: 10.1159/000525468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pertussis is a common respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. Although most cases occur in developing countries, it is considered endemic globally. The World Health Organization estimates there are 20-40 million cases of pertussis annually. Pertussis vaccines played a pivotal role in reducing the burden of pertussis disease as well as infant morbidity and mortality. Although the two forms of pertussis vaccine are effective, each has its advantages and drawbacks. This review aims to review the current knowledge on pertussis vaccines, emphasizing vaccine effectiveness in different populations within a community. Clinical trials have shown favorable vaccine efficacy with acellular pertussis (aP)vaccine. However, observational and population-level studies showed that introducing at least a single dose of whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccine within the routine immunization schedule is associated with better disease protection and a longer duration of immunity. On the other hand, wP vaccine is more reactogenic and associated with higher adverse events. Therefore, the selection of vaccine should be weighed against the effectiveness, reactogenicity, and cost-effectiveness. Due to its safety profile, aP vaccine can be offered to wider population groups. Booster adolescent and pregnant immunization programs have been implemented globally to control outbreaks and protect vulnerable infants. Due to the variable effectiveness performance of both vaccines, different countries adopted distinctive immunization programs. Determining the right vaccination approach depends on financial consideration, immunization program infrastructure, adverse event monitoring, and pertussis surveillance in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alghounaim
- Department of Pediatrics, Amiri Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- *Mohammad Alghounaim,
| | - Zainab Alsaffar
- Department of Pediatrics, Farwaniya Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Abdulla Alfraij
- Department of Pediatrics, Farwaniya Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Saadoun Bin-Hasan
- Department of Pediatrics, Farwaniya Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Entesar Hussain
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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Asatryan A, Meyer N, Scherbakov M, Romanenko V, Osipova I, Galustyan A, Shamsheva O, Latysheva T, Myasnikova T, Baudson N, Dodet M, Xavier S, Harrington L, Kuznetsova A, Campora L, Van den Steen P. Immunogenicity, safety, and reactogenicity of combined reduced-antigen-content diphtheria-tetanus- acellular pertussis vaccine administered as a booster vaccine dose in healthy Russian participants: a phase III, open-label study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:723-730. [PMID: 32845735 PMCID: PMC7993191 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1796423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
As vaccine-induced immunity and protection following natural pertussis infection wane over time, adults and adolescents may develop pertussis and become transmitters to unprotected infants. In Russia, diphtheria and tetanus but not pertussis-containing vaccines are registered for older children, adolescents, or adults. The reduced-antigen-content diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, and acellular pertussis (dTpa) vaccine (Boostrix, GSK) was developed for booster vaccination of children ≥4 years of age, adolescents, and adults. A phase III, open-label, non-randomized study was performed in eight centers in Russia between January and July 2018. The objective of this study was to assess immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of a single dose of dTpa vaccine in healthy Russian participants ≥4 years of age (age categories 4-9 years, 10-17 years, 18-64 years, and ≥65 years). At 1 month post-booster vaccination, across all age groups, >99.0% of participants were seroprotected against diphtheria and tetanus and >96.0% of participants were seropositive for anti-pertussis antibodies. For all antibodies across all age groups, antibody GMCs increased from pre- to 1 month post-booster vaccination and booster responses to diphtheria (in 71.5% of participants), tetanus (85.3%), and pertussis antigens (≥85.6%) were observed. One serious adverse event that was not causally related to the study vaccine was reported. No fatal cases were reported throughout the study period. In conclusion, administration of the dTpa vaccine as a booster dose in healthy Russian participants induced a robust immune response to all vaccine antigens and was generally well tolerated across all age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Anna Galustyan
- Medical Technologies Ltd, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Shamsheva
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Cho BH, Acosta AM, Leidner AJ, Faulkner AE, Zhou F. Tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine for prevention of pertussis among adults aged 19 years and older in the United States: A cost-effectiveness analysis. Prev Med 2020; 134:106066. [PMID: 32199910 PMCID: PMC7378888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends one-time tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination for all adults 19 years and older. This study is designed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Tdap vaccination for Tdap-eligible adults aged 19 through 85 in the United States. A cost-effectiveness model was developed to compute costs and health outcomes associated with pertussis among 100,000 Tdap-eligible persons of each age cohort. From the societal perspective, the cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) saved was evaluated under the vaccination scenarios. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted to evaluate the impacts of changes in key variables. All costs were adjusted to 2018 US$ with an annual discount rate of 3% applied to costs and outcomes. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) for vaccinating US adults aged 19 to 85 with Tdap ranged from $248,000/QALY to $900,000/QALY. The lowest cost per QALY was found to be $248,000 for the age 65 cohort, followed by $332,000 for the cohort of age 19, and followed by $477,000 for the age 50 cohort. Sensitivity analysis showed the most dramatic changes in ICER occurred when changing the underreporting factor, vaccine effectiveness and vaccination costs. While Tdap vaccination may not be as cost effective as predicted earlier, it remains the best available preventive measure against pertussis. Further investigation of the true burden of pertussis disease among adults and the effectiveness of Tdap vaccination in this population is needed to better estimate the impact of Tdap vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hyun Cho
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE Mailstop H24-4, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States of America.
| | - Anna M Acosta
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE Mailstop H24-6, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States of America
| | - Andrew J Leidner
- Berry Technology Solutions, 525 Westpark Dr Suite 310, Peachtree City, GA 30269, United States of America
| | - Amanda E Faulkner
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE Mailstop H24-6, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States of America
| | - Fangjun Zhou
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE Mailstop H24-4, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States of America
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Bandiera S, Lebas A, Canizares-Martinello L, Guinchard F, Lyonnais C, Perrin S, Nicolas M, Uhlrich S, Chabaud-Riou M. A single immunogenicity assay for testing potency of combination DTaP vaccines: Simultaneous quantitation of anti-DT, anti-TT, anti-PTxd and anti-FHA antibodies in Guinea-pig serum with a Luminex®-xMAP® bead-based serological assay. Biologicals 2019; 61:15-21. [PMID: 31451353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The diphtheria toxoid (DT), tetanus toxoid (TT), and acellular pertussis (aP) single immunogenicity assay (DTaP SIA) is a Luminex®-xMAP®-bead-based multiplex immunoassay for estimating the potency of DTaP pediatric combination vaccines in guinea pigs. This manuscript describes the validation of this assay for the simultaneous quantitation of anti-diphtheria toxoid (anti-DT), anti-tetanus toxoid (anti-TT), anti-pertussis toxoid (anti-PTxd), and anti-filamentous hemagglutinin (anti-FHA) antibodies in guinea pig serum following injection of a DTaP vaccine formulation. The results were expressed in arbitrary units/mL (AU/mL) using reference serum for comparison. Specificity was demonstrated by ≥ 75% homologous and ≤25% heterologous inhibition for all the antigens. The results were linear for anti-DT, anti-TT, anti-PTxd and anti-FHA antibodies. Accuracy was demonstrated with recovery of between 80% and 120% for all four antibodies. The relative standard deviation of repeatability was ≤20%. The results demonstrate that this SIA can be used for the linear, accurate, and precise simultaneous detection of all four antibodies, based on both the ICH Q2 and the EMA guidelines on bioanalytical method validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Bandiera
- Sanofi Pasteur, Campus Mérieux, 1541 Avenue Marcel Mérieux, 69280, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | - Annabelle Lebas
- Sanofi Pasteur, Campus Mérieux, 1541 Avenue Marcel Mérieux, 69280, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | | | - Fabien Guinchard
- Sanofi Pasteur, Campus Mérieux, 1541 Avenue Marcel Mérieux, 69280, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | - Corinne Lyonnais
- Sanofi Pasteur, Campus Mérieux, 1541 Avenue Marcel Mérieux, 69280, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | - Sophie Perrin
- Sanofi Pasteur, Campus Mérieux, 1541 Avenue Marcel Mérieux, 69280, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | - Marine Nicolas
- Sanofi Pasteur, Campus Mérieux, 1541 Avenue Marcel Mérieux, 69280, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | - Sylvie Uhlrich
- Sanofi Pasteur, Campus Mérieux, 1541 Avenue Marcel Mérieux, 69280, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | - Martine Chabaud-Riou
- Sanofi Pasteur, Campus Mérieux, 1541 Avenue Marcel Mérieux, 69280, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
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Kadam L, Patel K, Gautam M, Thorat S, Kale P, Ghule AK, Gairola A, Rao H, Shinde Y, Shaligram U, Gairola S. Development and validation of magnetic bead pentaplex immunoassay for simultaneous quantification of murine serum IgG antibodies to acellular pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus antigens used in combination vaccines. Methods 2019; 158:33-43. [PMID: 30690077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe here a magnetic bead-based multiplex (pentaplex) immunoassay (MIA) platform developed as an alternative to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) used in immunogenicity testing of DTaP/TdaP vaccine in animals. MIA simultaneously measures the concentration of serum (IgG) antibodies against B. Pertussis antigens; pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin (PRN) and tetanus (T) and diphtheria (D) toxoid in the Tdap vaccine immunized animals. Assay validation experiments were done using a panel of serum samples. The results are expressed in IU/ml using WHO reference mice serum. The standard curve was linear with 4PL logistic fit over an eight 2-fold dilution range with LOQ of 0.003, 0.022, 0.005 IU/ml for PT, FHA and PRN and 0.016 U/ml for T and D antigens indicating sensitivity. No interference was observed in monoplex versus multiplex measurements. Specificity was demonstrated by ≥90% homologous and ≤15% heterologous inhibition for all the antigens. The assay was reproducible, with a mean coefficient of variation (CV) of ≤10% for intra-assay duplicates and ≤25% for interassays using different lots of beads and analyst. Accuracy was demonstrated wherein the ratio of observed vs. assigned unitages were within 80-120%. The study suggests that the Pentaplex (MIA) platform meets all the criteria for the serological assay combination vaccines with additional advantages of high throughput, reduced sample volumes, faster analysis with reduced manpower in contrast to conventional monoplex ELISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmikant Kadam
- Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd., 212/2, Hadapsar, Pune, Maharashtra 411028, India
| | - Krunal Patel
- Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd., 212/2, Hadapsar, Pune, Maharashtra 411028, India
| | - Manish Gautam
- Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd., 212/2, Hadapsar, Pune, Maharashtra 411028, India.
| | - Shrikant Thorat
- Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd., 212/2, Hadapsar, Pune, Maharashtra 411028, India
| | - Prathamesh Kale
- Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd., 212/2, Hadapsar, Pune, Maharashtra 411028, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Ghule
- Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd., 212/2, Hadapsar, Pune, Maharashtra 411028, India
| | - Akansha Gairola
- Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd., 212/2, Hadapsar, Pune, Maharashtra 411028, India
| | - Harish Rao
- Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd., 212/2, Hadapsar, Pune, Maharashtra 411028, India
| | - Yojana Shinde
- Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd., 212/2, Hadapsar, Pune, Maharashtra 411028, India
| | - Umesh Shaligram
- Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd., 212/2, Hadapsar, Pune, Maharashtra 411028, India
| | - Sunil Gairola
- Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd., 212/2, Hadapsar, Pune, Maharashtra 411028, India
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Patterson J, Kagina BM, Gold M, Hussey GD, Muloiwa R. Comparison of adverse events following immunisation with acellular and whole-cell pertussis vaccines: A systematic review. Vaccine 2018; 36:6007-16. [PMID: 30143272 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two types of vaccines are currently licensed for use against pertussis: whole-cell (wP) and acellular pertussis (aP). There is evidence that wP confers more durable immunity than aP, however wP has been more frequently associated with adverse events following immunisation (AEFI). A comparison of the frequency of AEFI with the first doses of wP and aP has not yet been clearly documented. This must be done in light of recent considerations to move towards a wP prime-aP boost vaccination strategy in low and middle-income countries. OBJECTIVES To compare the frequency of AEFI associated with the first dose of the wP and aP vaccines. We also compared the frequency of AEFI associated with subsequent doses of wP. METHODS This systematic review was carried out in strict accordance with the published protocol. RESULTS High heterogeneity amongst included one-armed studies did not allow for pooling of prevalence estimates. The prevalence estimates of AEFI at first vaccine dose of wP ranged from 0 to 75%, while the prevalence estimates of AEFI at first vaccine dose of aP ranges from 0 to 39%. The prevalence estimates of adverse events following second and third vaccine dose of wP ranged from 0 to 71% and 0 to 61%, respectively. Risk ratios among two-armed studies showed an increased risk of adverse events with first dose of wP compared to aP [local reaction RR 2.73 (2.33, 3.21), injection site pain RR 4.15 (3.24, 5.31), injection site swelling RR 4.38 (2.70, 7.12), fever over 38 °C RR 9.21 (5.39, 15.76), drowsiness RR 1.34 (1.18, 1.52) and vomiting RR 1.28 (0.91, 1.79)]. CONCLUSION Our results confirm that, when comparing the first dose, wP is more reacotgenic than aP. The proposed wP prime followed by aP boost pertussis vaccine strategy should be approached with caution.
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Agnolon V, Bruno C, Galletti B, Mori E, Ugozzoli M, Pergola C, O'Hagan DT, Baudner BC. Multiplex immunoassay for in vitro characterization of acellular pertussis antigens in combination vaccines. Vaccine 2016; 34:1040-6. [PMID: 26784684 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines characterization is required to ensure physical, chemical, and biological integrity of antigens and adjuvants. Current analytical methods mostly require complete antigen desorption from aluminum-based adjuvants and are not always suitable to distinguish individual antigens in multivalent formulations. Here, Luminex technology is proposed to improve the analytics of vaccine characterization. As proof of concept, TdaP (tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis) combination, adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide, was chosen as model formulation to quantify and determine the level of adsorption of acellular pertussis (aP) antigens onto adjuvant surface at the same time. The assay used specific antibodies bound to magnetic microspheres presenting unique digital signatures for each pertussis antigen, allowing the simultaneous recognition of respective antigens in the whole vaccine, avoiding laborious procedures for adjuvant separation. Accurate and reproducible quantification of aP antigens in TdaP vaccine has been achieved in the range 0.78-50 ng/mL, providing simultaneously information on antigen identity, quantity, and degree of adsorption to aluminum hydroxide. The current study could further be considered as a model to set up in vitro potency assays thus supporting the replacement of animal tests accordingly to the 3Rs concept.
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Daley MF, Yih WK, Glanz JM, Hambidge SJ, Narwaney KJ, Yin R, Li L, Nelson JC, Nordin JD, Klein NP, Jacobsen SJ, Weintraub E. Safety of diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis and inactivated poliovirus (DTaP-IPV) vaccine. Vaccine 2014; 32:3019-24. [PMID: 24699471 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2008, a diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, and inactivated poliovirus combined vaccine (DTaP-IPV) was licensed for use in children 4 through 6 years of age. While pre-licensure studies did not demonstrate significant safety concerns, the number vaccinated in these studies was not sufficient to examine the risk of uncommon but serious adverse events. OBJECTIVE To assess the risk of serious adverse events following DTaP-IPV vaccination. METHODS The study was conducted from January 2009 through September 2012 in the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) project. In the VSD, electronic vaccination and encounter data are updated and aggregated weekly as part of ongoing surveillance activities. Based on previous reports and biologic plausibility, eight potential adverse events were monitored: meningitis/encephalitis; seizures; stroke; Guillain-Barré syndrome; Stevens-Johnson syndrome; anaphylaxis; serious allergic reactions other than anaphylaxis; and serious local reactions. Adverse event rates in DTaP-IPV recipients were compared to historical incidence rates in the VSD population prior to 2009. Sequential probability ratio testing was used to analyze the data on a weekly basis. RESULTS During the study period, 201,116 children received DTaP-IPV vaccine. Ninety-seven percent of DTaP-IPV recipients also received other vaccines on the same day, typically measles-mumps-rubella and varicella vaccines. There was no statistically significant increased risk of any of the eight pre-specified adverse events among DTaP-IPV recipients when compared to historical incidence rates. CONCLUSIONS In this safety surveillance study of more than 200,000 DTaP-IPV vaccine recipients, there was no evidence of increased risk for any of the pre-specified adverse events monitored. Continued surveillance of DTaP-IPV vaccine safety may be warranted to monitor for rare adverse events, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew F Daley
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, 10065 E. Harvard Avenue, Denver, CO 80231, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box 065, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
| | - W Katherine Yih
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 133 Brookline Avenue, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
| | - Jason M Glanz
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, 10065 E. Harvard Avenue, Denver, CO 80231, United States.
| | - Simon J Hambidge
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, 10065 E. Harvard Avenue, Denver, CO 80231, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box 065, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Community Health Services, Denver Health, 777 Bannock Street, Denver, CO 80204, United States.
| | - Komal J Narwaney
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, 10065 E. Harvard Avenue, Denver, CO 80231, United States.
| | - Ruihua Yin
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 133 Brookline Avenue, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
| | - Lingling Li
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 133 Brookline Avenue, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
| | - Jennifer C Nelson
- Biostatistics Unit, Group Health Research Institute, 1730 Minor Ave #1600, Seattle, WA 98101, United States; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, 5th Floor, 1107 NE 45th St., Seattle, 98105, United States.
| | - James D Nordin
- HealthPartners Institute for Education and Research, Mail stop 21111R, PO Box 1524, Minneapolis, MN 55440-1524, United States.
| | - Nicola P Klein
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, United States.
| | - Steven J Jacobsen
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, 100 South Los Robles Avenue, 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA 91101, United States.
| | - Eric Weintraub
- Immunization Safety Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30333, United States.
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Kandola K, Lea A, White W, Santos M. A comparison of pertussis rates in the Northwest Territories: Pre- and post acellular pertussis vaccine introduction in children and adolescents. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2005; 16:271-4. [PMID: 18159557 DOI: 10.1155/2005/642315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2005] [Accepted: 06/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the past decade, a trend toward increasing cases of Bordetella pertussis in older children and adults has been witnessed in Canada. The National Advisory Committee on Immunization now recommends that the adult formulation of the acellular pertussis (adult dTap) vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids be substituted for diphtheria and tetanus toxoids alone for the 14- to 16-year-old booster dose. In October 2000, the government of the Northwest Territories was one of the first to adopt adult dTap into their territorial immunization program free of charge. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of the acellular pertussis vaccine in children and adolescents on the epidemiology of pertussis in the Northwest Territories. METHODS Pertussis is a reportable disease in the Northwest Territories, and data on the incidence rates of pertussis are available from 1989 to 2004. The present study reviews pertussis cases during three four-year periods: the whole-cell vaccine era (1993 to 1996); the preadult dTap era (1997 to 2000); and the postadult dTap era (2001 to 2004). RESULTS The incidence of pertussis decreased from 18.0 cases per 10,000 population in 1993 to 0.2 cases per 10,000 population in 2004. The number of cases decreased from 186 to 129 to 19 cases in the three chronological time periods (ie, whole-cell vaccine era, preadult dTap era and postadult dTap era, respectively), with the most substantial reduction coming with the introduction of postadult dTap. CONCLUSIONS There appears to be a decrease in the incidence of pertussis with the targeted introduction of adult dTap in the Northwest Territories.
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