Hu X, Meneses YE, Aly Hassan A. Integration of sodium hypochlorite pretreatment with co-immobilized microalgae/bacteria treatment of meat processing wastewater.
Bioresour Technol 2020;
304:122953. [PMID:
32087541 DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122953]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater with 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.0 mg/L free chlorine was biologically treated using co-immobilized microalgae/bacteria. In contrast, non-pretreated wastewater was treated with beads (control) and blank beads (blank) under the same operating condition. Results showed that NaClO pretreatment removed 8-33% total nitrogen (TN), 31-45% true color and 0.7-2.5 log CFU/mL aerobic-bacteria. At the end of treatment, maximum algal biomass (2,027 dry weight mg/L) was achieved with 0.2 mg/L free chlorine. Bacterial growth in wastewater was decreased by NaClO pretreatment before reaching 7.2-7.7 log CFU/mL on the fifth day. Beads with microorganisms (control) removed 15% more chemical-oxygen-demand (COD), 16% more TN, and 13% more total phosphate (PO43-) than blank. Pretreatment with 0.2 mg/L free chlorine increased TN removal from 75% to 80% while pollutants removal was substantially decreased with 0.4-1.0 mg/L free chlorine. Considering algal biomass growth and pollutants removal, 0.2 mg/L free chlorine pretreatment was recommended for microalgae/bacteria co-immobilized system.
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