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Mäkinen EE, Lensu S, Wikgren J, Pekkala S, Koch LG, Britton SL, Nokia MS. Intrinsic running capacity associates with hippocampal electrophysiology and long-term potentiation in rats. Neurosci Lett 2024; 823:137665. [PMID: 38301912 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Good aerobic and metabolic fitness associates with better cognitive performance and brain health. Conversely, poor metabolic health predisposes to neurodegenerative diseases. Our previous findings indicate that rats selectively bred for Low Capacity for Running (LCR) show less synaptic plasticity and more inflammation in the hippocampus and perform worse in tasks requiring flexible cognition than rats bred for High Capacity for Running (HCR). Here we aimed to determine whether hippocampal electrophysiological activity related to learning and memory would be impaired in LCR compared to HCR rats. We also studied whether an exercise intervention could even out the possible differences. We conducted in vivo recordings from the dorsal hippocampus under terminal urethane anesthesia in middle-aged sedentary males and female rats, and in females allowed to access running wheels for 6 weeks. Our results indicate stronger long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA3-CA1 synapse in HCR than LCR rats, and in female than male rats. Compared to LCR rats, HCR rats had more dentate spikes and more gamma epochs, the occurrence of which also correlated positively with the magnitude of LTP. Voluntary running reduced the differences between female LCR and HCR rats. In conclusion, low innate fitness links to reduced hippocampal function and plasticity which can seems to improve with voluntary aerobic exercise even in middle age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina E Mäkinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Sanna Lensu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jan Wikgren
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Satu Pekkala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lauren G Koch
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Steven L Britton
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Miriam S Nokia
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Zhang J, Li L, Yu HY, Li Y, Wang FM, Di FS. [Study on the correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and aerobic exercise performance]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:1068-1074. [PMID: 38016772 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230517-00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To study the correlation between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in order to provide theoretical support for the treatment of NAFLD through aerobic exercise performance. Methods: 253 cases with T2DM combined with NAFLD were selected. 93 cases consented to undergo a liver biopsy. Among them, 74 cases with liver biopsy successfully passed the symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and respiratory quotient (RQ)≥1.05. Patients were divided into two groups according to the NAFLD activity score (NAS) of the pathological biopsy: the non-NASH group (NAS < 4) and the NASH group (NAS≥4). The differences in general clinical and biochemical indicators and exercise parameters were compared between the two groups. The relevant factors that affect aerobic exercise performance in NAFLD patients were explored by correlation and regression analysis. Results: The peak oxygen uptake [VO2 @ peak, (17.82 ± 5.61) ml·kg(-1)·min(-1) and (23.14 ± 5.86) ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)] and anaerobic threshold [VO2 @ AT, (11.47 ± 3.12) ml·kg(-1)·min(-1) and (13.81 ± 3.53) ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)] were lower in the NASH group than those in the non-NASH group in T2DM patients, with P < 0.01, indicating a significant decrease in aerobic exercise performance in NASH patients compared to non-NASH patients. Correlation analysis showed that patients with T2DM combined with NAFLD VO2@peak was positively correlated with RQ, carbohydrate oxidation rate (%CHO), daily carbohydrate energy supply (CHO Kcal/d), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) (r 0.360, 0.334, 0.341, 0.255, 0.294, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, respectively) and negatively correlated with NAS score, fat attenuation, liver stiffness, fat oxidation rate (%FAT), daily fat energy supply (FAT Kcal/d), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), body mass, and body mass index (BMI) (r -0.558, -0.411, -0.437, -0.340, -0.270, -0.288, -0.331, -0.295, -0.469, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, respectively). VO2@AT were positively correlated with RQ, %CHO, total cholesterol (TC), and HDL-C (r 0.351, 0.247, 0.303, 0.380, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, respectively), while it was negatively correlated with NAS score, fat attenuation, liver stiffness, %FAT, FAT (Kcal/d), ferritin (Fer), ALT, AST, body weight, and BMI (r -0.330, -0.384, -0.428, -0.270, -0.318, 0.320, -0.404, -0.416, -0.389, -0.520, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, respectively). Stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed that BMI, RQ, and NAS scores were independent correlated factors of aerobic exercise performance. Conclusion: Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis affect the aerobic exercise performance of patients with T2DM combined with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - L Li
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - H Y Yu
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Y Li
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - F M Wang
- The First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - F S Di
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin 300170, China
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Gross I, Hirsch HJ, Constantini N, Nice S, Pollak Y, Genstil L, Eldar-Geva T, Tsur VG. Physical activity and maximal oxygen uptake in adults with Prader-Willi syndrome. Eat Weight Disord 2018; 23:615-620. [PMID: 28299717 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-016-0356-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is the most common genetic syndrome causing life-threatening obesity. Strict adherence to a low-calorie diet and regular physical activity are needed to prevent weight gain. Direct measurement of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), the "gold standard" for assessing aerobic exercise capacity, has not been previously described in PWS. OBJECTIVES Assess aerobic capacity by direct measurement of VO2 max in adults with PWS, and in age and BMI-matched controls (OC), and compare the results with values obtained by indirect prediction methods. METHODS AND PATIENTS Seventeen individuals (12 males) age: 19-35 (28.6 ± 4.9) years, BMI: 19.4-38.1 (27.8 ± 5) kg/m2 with genetically confirmed PWS who exercise daily, and 32 matched OC (22 males) age: 19-36 (29.3 ± 5.2) years, BMI: 21.1-48.1 (26.3 ± 4.9) kg/m2. All completed a medical questionnaire and performed strength and flexibility tests. VO2 max was determined by measuring oxygen consumption during a graded exercise test on a treadmill. RESULTS VO2 max (24.6 ± 3.4 vs 46.5 ± 12.2 ml/kg/min, p < 0.001) and ventilatory threshold (20 ± 2 and 36.2 ± 10.5 ml/kg/min, p < 0.001), maximal strength of both hands (36 ± 4 vs 91.4 ± 21.2 kg, p < 0.001), and flexibility (15.2 ± 9.5 vs 26 ± 11.1 cm, p = 0.001) were all significantly lower for PWS compared to OC. Predicted estimates and direct measurements of VO2 max were almost identical for the OC group (p = 0.995), for the PWS group, both methods for estimating VO2 max gave values which were significantly greater (p < 0.001) than results obtained by direct measurements. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic capacity, assessed by direct measurement of VO2 max, is significantly lower in PWS adults, even in those who exercise daily, compared to OCs. Indirect estimates of VO2 max are accurate for OC, but unreliable in PWS. Direct measurement of VO2 should be used for designing personal training programs and in clinical studies of exercise in PWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itai Gross
- Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Kiryat Hadassah, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Harry J Hirsch
- Israel Multidisciplinary PraderWilli Syndrome Clinic, Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Naama Constantini
- Sports Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shachar Nice
- Sports Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yehuda Pollak
- The School of Education, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Larry Genstil
- Israel Multidisciplinary PraderWilli Syndrome Clinic, Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Talia Eldar-Geva
- Israel Multidisciplinary PraderWilli Syndrome Clinic, Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.,Reproductive Endocrinology and Genetics Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Varda Gross Tsur
- Israel Multidisciplinary PraderWilli Syndrome Clinic, Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
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Van Iterson EH, Smith JR, Olson TP. Alveolar Air and O 2 Uptake During Exercise in Patients With Heart Failure. J Card Fail 2018; 24:695-705. [PMID: 30103021 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peak exercise pulmonary oxygen uptake (V̇O2) is a primary marker of prognosis in heart failure (HF). The pathophysiology of impaired peak V̇O2 is unclear in patients. To what extent alveolar airway function affects V̇O2 during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to describe how changes in alveolar ventilation (V̇A), volume (VA), and related parameters couple with exercise V̇O2 in HF. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 35 patients with HF (left ventricular ejection fraction 20 ± 6%, age 53 ± 7 y) participated in CPET with breath-to-breath measurements of ventilation and gas exchange. At rest, 20 W, and peak exercise, arterial CO2 tension was measured via radial arterial catheterization and used in alveolar equations to derive V̇A and VA. Resting lung diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was assessed and indexed to VA for each time point. Resting R2 between V̇O2 and V̇A, VA, DLCO, and DLCO/VA was 0.68, 0.18, 0.20, and 0.07, respectively (all P < .05 except DLCO/VA). 20 W R2 between V̇O2 and V̇A, VA, DLCO, and DLCO/VA was 0.64, 0.32, 0.07, and 0.18 (all P < .05 except DLCO). Peak exercise R2 between V̇O2 and V̇A, VA, DLCO, and DLCO/VA was 0.55, 0.31, 0.34, and 0.06 (all P < .05 except DLCO/VA). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that alveolar airway function that is not exclusively related to effects caused by localized lung diffusivity affects exercise V̇O2 in moderate-to-severe HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik H Van Iterson
- Preventive Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation Section, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| | - Joshua R Smith
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Thomas P Olson
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Ko KJ, Ha GC, Kim DW, Kang SJ. Effects of lower extremity injuries on aerobic exercise capacity, anaerobic power, and knee isokinetic muscular function in high school soccer players. J Phys Ther Sci 2017; 29:1715-1719. [PMID: 29184275 PMCID: PMC5683996 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.29.1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The study investigated the effects of lower extremity injuries on aerobic
exercise capacity, anaerobic power, and knee isokinetic muscular function in high school
soccer players. [Subjects and Methods] The study assessed U High School soccer players
(n=40) in S area, South Korea, divided into 2 groups: a lower extremity injury group
(n=16) comprising those with knee and ankle injuries and a control group (n=24) without
injury. Aerobic exercise capacity, anaerobic power, and knee isokinetic muscular function
were compared and analyzed. [Results] Regarding the aerobic exercise capacity test,
significant differences were observed in maximal oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold
between both groups. For the anaerobic power test, no significant difference was observed
in peak power and average power between the groups; however, a significant difference in
fatigue index was noted. Regarding the knee isokinetic muscular test, no significant
difference was noted in knee flexion, extension, and flexion/extension ratio between both
groups. [Conclusion] Lower extremity injury was associated with reduced aerobic exercise
capacity and a higher fatigue index with respect to anaerobic exercise capacity.
Therefore, it seems necessary to establish post-injury training programs that improve
aerobic and anaerobic exercise capacity for soccer players who experience lower extremity
injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Jun Ko
- Department of Sports Medicine, National Health Fitness Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Chul Ha
- Department of Sports Medicine, National Health Fitness Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine, SPOSA, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol-Jung Kang
- Department of Physical Education, Changwon National University: 20 Changwondaehak-ro, Uichang-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
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Moon HW, Sunoo S, Park HY, Lee DJ, Nam SS. Effects of various acute hypoxic conditions on metabolic parameters and cardiac function during exercise and recovery. Springerplus 2016; 5:1294. [PMID: 27547668 PMCID: PMC4977266 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2952-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Evaluation of metabolic parameters and cardiac function is important to determine the decrease in aerobic exercise capacity under hypoxic conditions. However, the variations in metabolic parameters and cardiac function and the reasons for the decrease in aerobic exercise capacity under hypoxic conditions have not been clearly explained. The purpose of this study was to compare the responses between sea level and various acute normobaric hypoxic conditions on metabolic parameters and cardiac function during exercise and recovery in order to evaluate aerobic exercise capacity. Methods Ten healthy male participants (21.3 ± 3.06 y) performed submaximal bicycle exercise (116.7 ± 20.1 W and 60 rpm) at sea level (20.9 % O2) and under various normobaric hypoxic conditions (16.5 % O2, 14.5 % O2, 12.8 % O2, and 11.2 % O2) in a random order. Metabolic parameters (arterial oxygen saturation; SPO2, oxygen consumption; VO2, blood lactate level) and cardiac function (heart rate; HR, stroke volume; SV, end-systolic volume; ESV, end-diastolic volume; EDV, ejection fraction; EF, cardiac output; CO) were measured at rest, during exercise (30 min), and recovery (30 min). We compared the responses on metabolic parameters and cardiac function between the different oxygen partial pressure conditions during exercise and recovery. Results The various acute normobaric hypoxic conditions did not affect VO2 and SV during exercise and recovery. SPO2 decreased (p < .05) and blood lactate level increased (p < .05) as the oxygen partial pressure decreased. HR, EF, CO increased (p < .05) and EDV, ESV decreased (p < .05) at oxygen partial pressures of 14.5 % O2 and below compared with 20.9 and 16.5 % O2 during exercise and recovery. Conclusion A decrease in the oxygen partial pressure to 14.5 % O2 and below might be associated with significant changes in metabolic parameters and cardiac function during exercise and recovery. These changes are an acute compensation response to reduced aerobic exercise capacity by decreased oxygen delivering and utilizing capacities under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwang-Woon Moon
- Department of Sports and Outdoors, Eulji University, Yangji-dong, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 461-713 Republic of Korea
| | - Sub Sunoo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kyunghee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Young Park
- Performance Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jun Lee
- Department of Physical Education, MyongJi University, Yongin Campus, Nam-dong, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 449-728 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Seok Nam
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kyunghee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104 Republic of Korea
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