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Sontakke A, Dighe S, Sharma R, Yadav V, Jain S. Harnessing the potential of fatty Acid-Surfactant-Based micellar gel for enhanced topical delivery of Apremilast in psoriasis treatment. Int J Pharm 2024; 655:124026. [PMID: 38518872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Apremilast (APR) is a potent anti-psoriatic agent that inhibits the phosphodiesterase 4 enzyme. Due to the poor oral bioavailability and associated systemic side effects the clinical applicability of APR has been constrained. Nanotechnology-based carrier system presents a novel option to increase the efficacy of the topical treatment of APR. The current investigation deals with the development of fatty acid-surfactant conjugate-based hybrid mixed micellar gel (HMMG) for the topical delivery of APR. The developed micelles exhibited an average size of 83.59 ± 4.46 nm, PDI of 0.239 ± 0.047, % entrapment efficiency of ∼ 94.78 ± 3.98 %, with % practical drug loading of ∼11.37 ± 3.14 %. TEM analysis revealed the spherical shape of micelles. The hybrid micelles were further loaded in a carbopol®934P gel base for ease of application. Ex vivo permeation study revealed enhanced permeation and ∼ 38-fold higher retention in deeper layers of skin from a hybrid micellar gel. In vivo, assessment demonstrated augmented efficacy of APR-HMMG as compared to 0.1 % betamethasone valerate. Also, APR-HMMG showed no sign of irritation, suggesting superior safety as a topical application. Thus, the proposed formulation strategy represents a viable avenue for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of various anti-psoriatic moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Sontakke
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Sayali Dighe
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Reena Sharma
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Vivek Yadav
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
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Chandran V, Bessette L, Thorne C, Sheriff M, Rahman P, Gladman DD, Anwar S, Jelley J, Gaudreau AJ, Chohan M, Sampalis JS. Use of Apremilast to Achieve Psoriatic Arthritis Treatment Goals and Satisfaction at 1 Year in the Canadian Real-World APPRAISE Study. Rheumatol Ther 2024; 11:443-455. [PMID: 38416391 PMCID: PMC10920604 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-024-00641-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The APPRAISE study was conducted to better understand the 12-month effectiveness, tolerability, and patient satisfaction with apremilast treatment for patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in real-world settings. METHODS APPRAISE (NCT03608657), a prospective, multicenter, observational study, enrolled adults with active PsA prescribed apremilast per routine care between July 2018 and March 2020. Patients were followed for 12 months with visits suggested every 4 months. The primary outcome measure was achievement of remission (REM) or low disease activity (LDA), defined as a Clinical Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (cDAPSA) score ≤ 13. RESULTS Of the 102 patients who enrolled, 45 (44.1%) discontinued the study by 12 months. Most patients (75.5%) had moderate or high disease activity, and 24.5% were in REM/LDA at baseline based on cDAPSA score. Achievement of cDAPSA REM/LDA was 63.7%, 67.2%, and 53.8% at months 4, 8, and 12, respectively. In those continuing in the study, significant improvements were seen in swollen and tender joint counts, pain visual analog scale, psoriasis body surface area, and complete dactylitis resolution. Enthesitis reduction was also observed. Improvements in treatment satisfaction and patient-reported outcomes, including Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index and the 36-item Short Form physical and mental component scores, were observed over 12 months. The proportion of patients achieving a Patient-Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) increased significantly from baseline at months 4, 8, and 12 (P < 0.001). Apremilast was well tolerated; the most frequent adverse events (AEs) leading to discontinuation were diarrhea (9/102 [8.8%]), nausea (4/102 [3.9%]), and migraine (4/102 [3.9%]). CONCLUSION In this real-world study conducted in Canadian rheumatology clinics, apremilast demonstrated clinical effectiveness in patients with active PsA, along with patient satisfaction with treatment. Safety findings were consistent with previously reported clinical data. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT03608657.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Chandran
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St., 1E 416, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada.
| | - Louis Bessette
- Laval University, 2325 Rue de l'Université, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Carter Thorne
- Centre of Arthritis Excellence, 108-465 Davis Drive, Newmarket, ON, L3Y 7T9, Canada
| | - Maqbool Sheriff
- Nanaimo Regional General Hospital, 1200 Dufferin Crescent, Nanaimo, BC, V9S 2B7, Canada
| | - Proton Rahman
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St., 1E 416, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Sabeen Anwar
- Windsor Regional Hospital, 1030 Ouellette Ave, Windsor, ON, N9A 1E1, Canada
| | - Jennifer Jelley
- Amgen Canada Inc., 6775 Financial Dr #300, Mississauga, ON, L5N 0A4, Canada
| | | | - Manprit Chohan
- Amgen Canada Inc., 6775 Financial Dr #300, Mississauga, ON, L5N 0A4, Canada
| | - John S Sampalis
- McGill University and JSS Medical Research, 9400 Henri Bourassa Blvd W, Saint-Laurent, QC, H4S 1N8, Canada
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van den Reek JMPA, van der Leest RJT, Thomas SE, Prevoo R, Plantenga ME, de Jong EMGJ. Improved Quality of Life in Patients with Psoriasis Receiving Apremilast: Real-World Data from the Netherlands. Adv Ther 2024; 41:1594-1605. [PMID: 38402373 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory condition that can significantly impact the quality of life (QoL), regardless of the level of skin involvement. Apremilast is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis. Real-world data regarding the impact of apremilast on patient-reported outcomes in clinical practice in the Netherlands is lacking. METHODS The prospective, multicenter observational Apremilast in Real-Life Psoriasis Treatment (APRIL) study enrolled patients ≥ 18 years old with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis receiving apremilast in clinical practice in the Netherlands. Patients were followed-up for 12 months, with assessments scheduled at 6 and 12 months. The primary outcome was Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) response (score ≤ 5 or ≥ 5-point improvement from baseline) at 6 months. Secondary patient-reported outcomes included EQ-5D and skin-specific parameters; exploratory outcomes were Patient Benefit Index (PBI) and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI). RESULTS Of the 155 patients enrolled (February 2016-June 2019), 153 received apremilast; 69 (45%) and 39 (26%) continued treatment at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Psoriasis in special areas was common (scalp, 65%; nail, 51%; palmoplantar, 27%). Most patients (92%) had received prior systemic antipsoriatic therapies. Of the 151 patients with a baseline DLQI value, 56 (37%) achieved DLQI response at 6 months. Mean (standard deviation) PBI scores were 3.5 (1.2) and 3.8 (1.1) at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Improvements in DLQI, EQ-5D, and WPAI scores and disease signs and symptoms, including itch and special areas, were observed at 6 and 12 months. Adverse events were consistent with the known safety profile. CONCLUSIONS In the Netherlands, patients with moderate to severe psoriasis receiving apremilast for up to 12 months reported improved disease-related QoL, skin involvement, and patient-reported outcomes. These data add to the growing body of evidence demonstrating apremilast is an effective treatment for psoriasis, itch, and special areas (scalp and palms). TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02652494.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah E Thomas
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud Prevoo
- Zuyderland Medisch Centrum, Limburg, The Netherlands
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Jia Y, Chen X, Sun J. Correction for: Apremilast ameliorates IL-1α-induced dysfunction in epidermal stem cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5792-5794. [PMID: 38578657 PMCID: PMC11006465 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Jia
- Department of Dermatology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Xiangru Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Dermatology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
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Mansilla-Polo M, Gimeno E, Morgado-Carrasco D. Topical and Oral Roflumilast in Dermatology: A Narrative Review. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2024; 115:265-279. [PMID: 37709133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral roflumilast is a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor approved for the prevention of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis. In dermatology, topical roflumilast is authorized by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of plaque psoriasis and mild to moderate seborrheic dermatitis. Several studies have described the off-label use of roflumilast in dermatology, including a randomized controlled trial showing its usefulness in the treatment of psoriasis; case reports and small series have also reported successful outcomes in hidradenitis suppurativa, recurrent oral aphthosis, nummular eczema, lichen planus, and Behçet disease. Roflumilast has a favorable safety profile, similar to that of apremilast, and it is considerably cheaper than new generation drugs and even some conventional immunosuppressants. We review the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of topical and oral roflumilast and discuss potential adverse effects and both approved and off-label uses in dermatology. Roflumilast is a promising agent to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mansilla-Polo
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, España
| | - E Gimeno
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - D Morgado-Carrasco
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Figueres, Fundació Salut Empordà, Figueres, Girona, España.
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Mansilla-Polo M, Gimeno E, Morgado-Carrasco D. [Translated aticle] Topical and Oral Roflumilast in Dermatology: A Narrative Review. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2024; 115:T265-T279. [PMID: 38224734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral roflumilast is a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor approved for the prevention of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis. In dermatology, topical roflumilast is authorized by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of plaque psoriasis and mild to moderate seborrheic dermatitis. Several studies have described the off-label use of roflumilast in dermatology, including a randomized controlled trial showing its usefulness in the treatment of psoriasis; case reports and small series have also reported successful outcomes in hidradenitis suppurativa, recurrent oral aphthosis, nummular eczema, lichen planus, and Behçet disease. Roflumilast has a favorable safety profile, similar to that of apremilast, and it is considerably cheaper than new generation drugs and even some conventional immunosuppressants. We review the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of topical and oral roflumilast and discuss potential adverse effects and both approved and off-label uses in dermatology. Roflumilast is a promising agent to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mansilla-Polo
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - E Gimeno
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Morgado-Carrasco
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Figueres, Fundació Salut Empordà, Figueres, Girona, Spain.
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Larson EL, DeMeo DP, Young AB, Margevicius S, Rutter J, Davies AL, Rohan CA, Korman NJ, Travers JB, McCormick TS, Cooper KD. Circulating Monocytes Are Predictive and Responsive in Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis Subjects Treated with Apremilast. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00166-0. [PMID: 38431222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Monocytes play a critical role in the inflammation associated with psoriasis, and their abnormalities have been reported as biomarkers of cardiovascular event risk, a psoriasis comorbidity. Monocytic cells in chronic inflammatory disorders express elevated levels of cAMP phosphodiesterase. Restoring cAMP levels using the oral cAMP phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, apremilast, improves clinical outcomes for a subset of patients with psoriasis. We asked whether aberrant monocyte subsets or transcriptomic pathways can function as biomarkers of psoriasis endotypes that can predict enhanced clinical responses to cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibition. A 16-week open-label study of 22 patients with monocyte flow cytometric and transcriptomic analysis was performed. Subjects with elevated hyperadhesive monocyte doublets at baseline were more likely to be responders to apremilast (P < .0001); 82% of subjects with elevated hyperadhesive monocyte doublets achieved 50% reduction in PASI compared with 46% in those without elevated doublets. We observed a significant reduction in hyperadhesive monocyte-containing doublets and monocyte-platelet aggregates, suggesting an effect of apremilast on the adhesiveness of blood monocytes during chronic inflammation. Monocyte differentially expressed gene transcripts predictive of clinical response uncovered pharmacoendotypes with distinct patterns of nucleotide metabolism, energetics, and differentiation. Further study to understand the basis of drug responsiveness and to develop an apremilast psoriasis treatment algorithm using monocyte-refined gene expression is required to validate and become practical in clinical use, offering patients a test that personalizes their likelihood of clinical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Larson
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
| | - Dustin P DeMeo
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew B Young
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Seunghee Margevicius
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Joseph Rutter
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Amanda L Davies
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Craig A Rohan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton Ohio, Ohio, USA
| | - Neil J Korman
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Travers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton Ohio, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas S McCormick
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kevin D Cooper
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Armstrong AW, Jayade S, Rege S, Joshi N, Patel V, Kalirai S, Wolin D, Boyle K, Patel D, Seigel L. Evaluating Treatment Choice in Patients with Moderate to Severe Psoriasis in the United States: Results from a US Patient Survey. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2024; 14:421-439. [PMID: 38252376 PMCID: PMC10891029 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-023-01089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While multiple treatments are available for moderate to severe psoriasis, patient preferences are rarely systematically studied. This study aims to identify factors associated with choice of a new once-daily oral psoriasis treatment, elicit patient views on treatment characteristics, and rank treatment characteristics by importance. METHODS This noninterventional, cross-sectional survey study, conducted from December 2021 to June 2022, recruited US adults with moderate to severe psoriasis. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and perspectives on psoriasis treatment were collected. Factors associated with the choice of a new oral treatment were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Treatment characteristics and reasons for treatment choice were ranked using bivariate comparisons. RESULTS The study included 882 participants [mean (standard deviation; SD) age, 45.7 (12.8) years; female, 67.7%; White, 74.9%]; 92.7% were currently receiving treatment [mean (SD) duration, 2.9 (4.8) years]. Half of participants rated their psoriasis symptoms over the past week as mild, very mild, or nonexistent; 36.5% as moderate; and 12.7% as severe or very severe. Most (66.5%) indicated willingness to start a new oral treatment; 65.0% indicated that the new oral treatment would cause less anxiety than injections/infusions. Participants were significantly more likely to start the new oral treatment if they were currently receiving a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor [odds ratio (OR): 2.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4-3.1] or ustekinumab (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.6-5.0) versus apremilast (P < 0.001) or if they reported mild (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 2.0-4.9), moderate (OR: 5.0, 95% CI: 3.1-8.2), or severe (OR: 7.6, 95% CI: 3.9-15.0) psoriasis symptoms compared with those who reported no symptoms in the past week (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Most participants indicated willingness to start a new once-daily oral treatment, viewing it as less anxiety provoking than injections/infusions. Current treatment and psoriasis severity affected participants' willingness to start a new oral treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- April W Armstrong
- Division of Dermatology, David Geffen Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 200 Medical Plaza, Suite 450, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | | | - Sanika Rege
- OPEN Health Evidence & Access, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Namita Joshi
- OPEN Health Evidence & Access, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel Wolin
- RTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Dipen Patel
- OPEN Health Evidence & Access, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Gratacós-Masmitja J, Beltrán Catalán E, Álvarez Vega JL, Urruticoechea-Arana A, Fito C, Maceiras F, Belzunegui Otano JM, Fernández Melón J, Chamizo Carmona E, Abad Hernández MÁ, Ros Vilamajó I, Castro Oreiro S, Pascual Alfonso E, Torre Alonso JC. Real-world apremilast use in biologic-naïve psoriatic arthritis patients. Data from Spanish clinical practice. Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed) 2024; 20:24-31. [PMID: 38233009 DOI: 10.1016/j.reumae.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Apremilast is approved for treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Real-world evidence on apremilast effectiveness in clinical practice is limited. METHODS Observational study enrolling adult patients, across 21 Spanish centres, who had initiated apremilast in the prior 6 (±1) months and were biologic naive. Data were collected at routine follow-up visits 6 and 12 months after apremilast initiation. Primary outcome was 6 and 12-month persistence to apremilast. Secondary outcomes included Disease Activity for PsA (DAPSA), joint erosions, enthesitis, dactylitis, and patient-reported quality of life (QoL, measured using the PsA impact of disease [PsAID] questionnaire). RESULTS We included 59 patients. Most had oligoarticular PsA, moderate disease activity, and high comorbidity burden. Three-quarters were continuing apremilast at 6 months and two-thirds at 12 months; mean (SD) apremilast treatment duration was 9.43 (1.75) months. DAPSA scores showed improved disease activity: one-third of patients in remission or low activity at apremilast initiation versus 62% and 78% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Eleven of 46 patients with radiographic assessments had joint erosions at apremilast initiation and none at month 12. Median (Q1, Q3) number of swollen joints was 4.0 (2.0, 6.0) at apremilast initiation versus 0.0 (0.0, 2.0) at 12 months. Incidence of dactylitis and enthesitis decreased between apremilast initiation (35.6% and 28.8%, respectively) and month 12 (11.6% and 2.4%, respectively). Over two-thirds of patients had a PSAID-9 score <4 (cut-off for patient-acceptable symptom state) at month 12. CONCLUSIONS In Spanish clinical practice, two-thirds of PsA patients continued apremilast at 12 months, with clinical benefits at the joint level, no radiographic progression of erosions, and a positive impact on patient-reported QoL. Trial registration number Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03828045.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Gratacós-Masmitja
- Rheumatology Service, University Hospital Parc Taulí (I3PT), Medicine Department UAB, Barcelona, Spain
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Wolfel L, Franco J, Gillette TB, Chodosh J, Davis A. Bilateral punctate keratitis and hurricane keratopathy following apremilast therapy. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2023; 32:101905. [PMID: 38161516 PMCID: PMC10757167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2023.101905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report a unique case of bilateral punctate keratitis consistent with hurricane keratopathy during apremilast therapy. Observations A 49-year-old female presented with severe, painful, bilateral, punctate keratitis following five months of apremilast therapy. The past ocular history was noncontributory. The past medical history included psoriasis refractory to topical corticosteroids. The patient subsequently received systemic apremilast therapy and noted improvement in her psoriatic rash. Five months later the patient presented to an outside eye care provider complaining of three weeks of progressive photophobia associated with pain and redness in both eyes. On examination, the patient had decreased visual acuity with diffuse conjunctival injection and punctate epithelial erosions in a whorl-like pattern in both eyes. The remainder of the ophthalmic exam was unremarkable. The patient was started on topical moxifloxacin drops, erythromycin ointment, and preservative free artificial tears, but did not improve. Apremilast was then discontinued and topical prednisolone was added once per day. Ten weeks after discontinuation of apremilast and topical steroid therapy, the patient had recovered normal vision with an intact and normal corneal epithelium. Conclusions and Importance This is the first case report of cornea epithelial keratitis resembling hurricane keratopathy associated with apremilast treatment and should be recognized as a possible side effect of therapy with this class of drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan Wolfel
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jimena Franco
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Thomas Bradford Gillette
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - James Chodosh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Alexander Davis
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Wagh M, Mukhi J, Sontakke S, Dhok A, Turankar A, Kalikar M. Comparative evaluation of efficacy and tolerability of apremilast and methotrexate in patients of moderate-to-severe palmoplantar psoriasis: A randomized, parallel, open-label clinical trial. Indian J Pharmacol 2023; 55:356-362. [PMID: 38174531 PMCID: PMC10821693 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_190_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variable results about efficacy as well as safety of apremilast compared to methotrexate are reported in different trials. Hence, it is necessary to collect more evidence to prove the role of Apremilast in palmoplantar psoriasis. METHODOLOGY The study was a randomized, prospective, parallel-group, open-label study conducted in patients with moderate-to-severe palmoplantar psoriasis. They were randomized into two groups, methotrexate (n = 19) or apremilast (22) for 16 weeks. Primary efficacy parameter was reduction in modified palmoplantar psoriasis area and severity index (mPPPASI) score from week 0 to week 16. Other parameters were proportion of patients attaining Static Physician Global Assessment score of 0 (clear) or 1 (almost clear), proportion of patients attaining mPPPASI75 (75% reduction in mPPPASI score) at the end of 16 weeks, and proportion of patients showing at least 5-point decline in dermatology life quality index from baseline. RESULTS Decline in m-PPPASI score from 0 week to 16 weeks within the group was significant statistically though decline in score of m-PPPASI between these two groups was not statistically significant at 16 weeks. Similar results were obtained with the secondary efficacy parameters. In methotrexate group, there were 24 adverse events recorded including abnormal liver function tests in three patients. In apremilast group, 19 adverse events were recorded, in which two patients suffered from upper respiratory tract infection. CONCLUSION Apremilast is as effective as methotrexate for the management of moderate-to-severe palmoplantar psoriasis with better tolerability. Hence, it can be considered alternative to established drugs in patients having palmoplantar psoriasis not responding to or tolerating other drugs. REGISTRATION The study was registered with Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2020/05/025198).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitali Wagh
- Department of Pharmacology, RCSM GMC, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Smita Sontakke
- Department of Pharmacology, VNGMC, Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit Dhok
- Department of Pharmacology, GMC, Nagpur, India
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Das AK, Chang E, Paydar C, Broder MS, Orroth KK, Cordey M. Apremilast Adherence and Persistence in Patients with Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis in the Telehealth Setting Versus the In-person Setting During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2023; 13:1973-1984. [PMID: 37392261 PMCID: PMC10442297 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-023-00967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Limited access to healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic prompted patients to seek care using telehealth. In this study, we assessed whether treatment patterns differed for patients with psoriasis (PsO) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) initiating apremilast by either a telehealth or an in-person visit. METHODS We estimated adherence and persistence among US patients in the Merative© MarketScan© Commercial and Supplemental Medicare Databases who newly initiated apremilast between April and June 2020, categorized by the type of visit (telehealth or in-person) when apremilast was first prescribed. Adherence was defined as the proportion of days covered (PDC), with PDC ≥ 0.80 considered to indicate high adherence. Persistence was defined as having apremilast available to take without a 60-day gap during follow-up. Factors associated with high adherence and persistence were estimated with logistic and Cox regression. RESULTS Among apremilast initiators (n = 505), the mean age was 47.6 years, 57.8% were female, and the majority had PsO (79.6%). Telehealth index visits were more likely among patients residing in Northeast USA (odds ratio [OR] 3.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.63-6.71) and Western USA (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.07-5.93]), those with a prescribing rheumatologist (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.10-4.68), and those with any baseline telehealth visit (OR 1.91, 85% CI 1.20-3.04). Those initiating apremilast with a telehealth visit (n = 141) had similar mean PDC to those initiating apremilast with an in-person visit (n = 364) (0.695 vs. 0.728; p = 0.272). At the end of the 6-month follow-up, 54.3% of the overall population had high adherence (PDC ≥ 0.80) and 65.1% were persistent. After adjusting for potential confounders, patients initiating apremilast via telehealth had similar full adherence (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.52-1.21) and persistence as those initiating apremilast in-person. CONCLUSION Patients with PsO and patients with PsA initiating apremilast via telehealth or in-person during the COVID-19 pandemic had similar medication adherence and persistence during the 6-month follow-up period. These data suggest that patients initiating apremilast can be as effectively managed with telehealth visits as with in-person visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashis K. Das
- PHAR (Partnership for Health Analytics Research), 280 S Beverly Dr, Beverly Hills, CA 90212 USA
| | - Eunice Chang
- PHAR (Partnership for Health Analytics Research), 280 S Beverly Dr, Beverly Hills, CA 90212 USA
| | - Caleb Paydar
- PHAR (Partnership for Health Analytics Research), 280 S Beverly Dr, Beverly Hills, CA 90212 USA
| | - Michael S. Broder
- PHAR (Partnership for Health Analytics Research), 280 S Beverly Dr, Beverly Hills, CA 90212 USA
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Tsai YF, Chen CY, Yang SC, Syu YT, Hwang TL. Apremilast ameliorates acute respiratory distress syndrome by inhibiting neutrophil-induced oxidative stress. Biomed J 2023; 46:100560. [PMID: 36103985 PMCID: PMC10345255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is attributed to the dysregulation of oxidative stress and neutrophil recruitment. We aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of apremilast on human neutrophils and assess its efficacy for treating ARDS. METHODS We analysed superoxide anion generation, integrin expression, and adhesion in activated human neutrophils using spectrophotometry, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence microscopy. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was determined using immunoblotting. A murine lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS model was used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of apremilast. RESULTS Apremilast significantly decreased superoxide anion production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cluster of differentiation (CD)11 b expression, and neutrophil adhesion in formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine activated human neutrophils. Apremilast elevated cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and protein kinase A (PKA) activity in activated neutrophils. It reduced cellular cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity and selectively inhibited enzymatic PDE4 activity. The activated cAMP/PKA pathway suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK as well as Ca2+ mobilization in activated neutrophils. All inhibitory effects of apremilast on activated neutrophils were reversed by a PKA inhibitor. In vivo examinations indicated that apremilast alleviated lung neutrophil infiltration, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, pulmonary oedema, and alveolar damage in LPS-induced ARDS. CONCLUSION Apremilast inhibits inflammatory responses after neutrophil activation via cAMP/PKA-dependent inhibition of ERK and JNK activation. Our study revealed apremilast suppresses oxidative stress and chemotaxis by selectively inhibiting PDE4 in neutrophils and thus protects against endotoxin-induced ARDS in mice. Apremilast can be used as an alternative off-label drug in treating acute lung damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Fong Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Chin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Syu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei, Taiwan.
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Al-Harbi NO, Imam F, Al-Harbi MM, Qamar W, Aljerian K, Khalid Anwer M, Alharbi M, Almudimeegh S, Alhamed AS, Alshamrani AA. Effect of Apremilast on LPS-induced immunomodulation and inflammation via activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathways in rat lungs. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:1327-1338. [PMID: 37323920 PMCID: PMC10267521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), the lipid component of gram-negative bacterial cell wall, is recognized as the key factor in acute lung inflammation and is found to exhibit severe immunologic reactions. Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitor: "apremilast (AP)" is an immune suppressant and anti-inflammatory drug which introduced to treat psoriatic arthritis. The contemporary experiment designed to study the protective influences of AP against LPS induced lung injury in rodents. Twenty-four (24) male experimental Wistar rats selected, acclimatized, and administered with normal saline, LPS, or AP + LPS respectively from 1 to 4 groups. The lung tissues were evaluated for biochemical parameters (MPO), Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), flowcytometry assay, gene expressions, proteins expression and histopathological examination. AP ameliorates the lung injuries by attenuating immunomodulation and inflammation. LPS exposure upregulated IL-6, TNF-α, and MPO while downregulating IL-4 which were restored in AP pretreated rats. The changes in immunomodulation markers by LPS were reduced by AP treatment. Furthermore, results from the qPCR analysis represented an upregulation in IL-1β, MPO, TNF-α, and p38 whereas downregulated in IL-10 and p53 gene expressions in disease control animals while AP pretreated rats exhibited significant reversal in these expressions. Western blot analysis suggested an upregulation of MCP-1, and NOS-2, whereas HO-1, and Nrf-2 expression were suppressed in LPS exposed animals, while pretreatment with AP showed down regulation in the expression MCP-1, NOS-2, and upregulation of HO-1, and Nrf-2 expression of the mentioned intracellular proteins. Histological studies further affirmed the toxic influences of LPS on the pulmonary tissues. It is concluded that, LPS exposure causes pulmonary toxicities via up regulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and stimulation of IL-1β, MPO, TNF-α, p38, MCP-1, and NOS-2 while downregulation of IL-4, IL-10, p53, HO-1, and Nrf-2 at different expression level. Pretreatment with AP controlled the toxic influences of LPS by modulating these signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif O. Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Imam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Matar Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaldoon Aljerian
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alharbi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Almudimeegh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S. Alhamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Srivastava D, Krishna A, David A. A Comparative Study of the Efficacy of Methotrexate versus Methotrexate with Apremilast in Moderate to Severe Chronic Plaque Psoriasis. Indian J Dermatol 2023; 68:393-398. [PMID: 37822410 PMCID: PMC10564189 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_813_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is an inflammatory systemic disease with a chronic relapsing course. Methotrexate, a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, and Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor, are currently the mainstay drugs in the treatment of psoriasis. Aims and Objectives To compare the efficacy of Methotrexate with a combination of Methotrexate and Apremilast in treating chronic plaque psoriasis. Materials and Methods The present study was a prospective comparative study conducted among 40 patients, aged above 18 years, with clinically diagnosed psoriasis attending Dermatology OPD of a tertiary care hospital in North India. The study utilised a pre-structured proforma to record a detailed demographic profile and clinical examination related to chronic plaque psoriasis. The patients were divided into two groups of 20 each. Group A was treated with oral Methotrexate, while Group B was treated with oral Apremilast and Methotrexate, and they were evaluated every 4 weeks for 12 weeks. Necessary investigations were done wherever indicated. Results The male-to-female ratio was 1.35, and the majority (55.0%) of patients belonged to the age group of 31-50 years. 27.5% of patients had comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension, etc., The mean PASI score of group A at the first, second and third follow-ups was higher than that of group B. The reduction in mean PASI score was statistically significant in group B at successive follow-ups, with a percentage improvement of 89.4% at the end of 12 weeks. Conclusions When comparing monotherapy with methotrexate and multidrug therapy with Methotrexate and Apremilast, multidrug therapy had better efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyanshu Srivastava
- From the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Naraina Medical College and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arvind Krishna
- From the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Naraina Medical College and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhinav David
- From the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Naraina Medical College and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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16
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Giofrè C, Fabbrocini G, Potenza C, Tiberio R, Gisondi P, Marasca C, Nuzzo CMA, Benincasa E, Bianchi L. Real-World Apremilast Use for Treatment of Plaque Psoriasis in Italy: Patient Perspective, Characteristics, and Clinical Outcomes from the DARWIN Study. Adv Ther 2023; 40:3021-3037. [PMID: 37171752 PMCID: PMC10175925 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While several European studies have reported real-world apremilast use, patient-perceived benefits, and treatment satisfaction, local reimbursement criteria for apremilast vary and data from Italy are limited. METHODS The cross-sectional DARWIN study enrolled consecutive patients who had initiated apremilast for plaque psoriasis 6 (± 1) months prior to enrolment at a single visit across 24 Italian dermatological sites. Disease severity was assessed using body surface area (BSA) and Physician Global Assessment (PGA). Patient-reported outcomes assessed 6 (± 1) months after apremilast initiation were Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Patient Benefit Index (PBI), and 9-item Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9). RESULTS Of 184 patients enrolled between July 2019 and January 2021, 180 were included in the analysis. At apremilast initiation, median (25th-75th percentile) time since psoriasis diagnosis was 8.6 (3.2-22.2) years; median BSA, 10.0% (5.0-16.0); mean (standard seviation, SD) DLQI total score, 13.5 (8.0). Over half (54.9%) of patients with available data reported psoriasis had a very or extremely large effect on their quality of life (QoL); half reported itching (50.6%) and/or special areas involvement (50.0%). Most (73.9%) had comorbidities and were biologic-naïve (81.5%). The most common reasons for initiating apremilast were lack of efficacy of previous treatment (56.7%) and contraindications to other treatments (44.4%). At 6 (± 1) months, most patients were continuing apremilast and/or reported a Global PBI score ≥ 1 (minimum clinical benefit) (86.1% and 90.0%, respectively); approximately half achieved BSA ≤ 3% and/or DLQI total score ≤ 5 (47.1% and 48.5%); 18.8% achieved PGA = 0; mean (SD) TSQM-9 global treatment satisfaction score was 59.0 (24.8). Apremilast was well tolerated; no new safety signals were identified. CONCLUSIONS Patients treated with apremilast for 6 months in Italian clinical practice reported improved QoL, clinically relevant improvements in symptoms, high treatment satisfaction, and high treatment persistence. Our data indicate apremilast is a valuable treatment option for moderate plaque psoriasis. STUDY REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT04031027.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Giofrè
- UOC Dermatologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Papardo, Messina, Italy.
| | | | - Concetta Potenza
- Dermatologia Polo Pontina, Ospedale A. Fiorini, Terracina, Italy
| | - Rossana Tiberio
- Dermatologia, AOU Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
- AUSL della Romagna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Paolo Gisondi
- UO Dermatologica, AOU Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Marasca
- UOC Dermatologia Clinica, AOU Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Bianchi
- UOSD Dermatologia, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Mahé E. Everolimus-induced aphthous stomatitis controlled by apremilast in a heart-transplant patient. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2023; 150:158-159. [PMID: 36739218 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Mahé
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Victor Dupouy, 69 rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100 Argenteuil, France.
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18
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Jullien D, Richard MA, Halioua B, Bessette C, Derancourt C, Bouloc A. The Needs of Patients with Psoriasis and Benefits of Apremilast in French Clinical Practice: Results from the Observational REALIZE Study. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2023:10.1007/s13555-023-00933-z. [PMID: 37204608 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-023-00933-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Real-world data on the needs of patients with psoriasis and patient-perceived benefits of apremilast are limited. We report such data from France. METHODS The multicenter, observational REALIZE study was conducted in real-life clinical practice in France and enrolled patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis who had initiated apremilast per French reimbursement criteria in the 4 weeks preceding enrollment (September 2018-June 2020). Physician assessments and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were collected at enrollment, 6 months, and 12 months. PROs included the Patient Benefit Index for skin diseases (PBI-S), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and 9-item Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9). The primary outcome was PBI-S ≥ 1 (minimum clinically relevant benefit) at month 6. RESULTS Of 379 enrolled patients who received ≥ 1 dose of apremilast, most [n = 270 (71.2%)] remained on apremilast at 6 months and over half [n = 200 (52.8%)] persisted at 12 months. Patients reported the following treatment goals as most important (≥ 70% reported goal as "very important" in the Patient Needs Questionnaire): get better skin quickly, regain disease control, be healed of skin alterations, and have confidence in the therapy. Most patients persisting on apremilast achieved a PBI-S ≥ 1 at months 6 and 12 (91.6% and 93.8%, respectively). Mean (SD) DLQI decreased from 11.75 (6.69) at enrollment to 5.17 (5.35) and 4.18 (4.39) at months 6 and 12, respectively. Most patients (72.3%) reported moderate-to-severe pruritus at enrollment and no/mild pruritus at months 6 and 12 (78.8% and 85.9%, respectively). Mean (SD) TSQM-9 Global Satisfaction scores were 68.4 (23.3) and 71.7 (21.5) at months 6 and 12, respectively. Apremilast was well tolerated; no new safety signals were identified. CONCLUSIONS REALIZE provides insights regarding the needs of patients with psoriasis and the patient-perceived benefits of apremilast. Patients who persisted on apremilast reported improvements in quality of life, high treatment satisfaction, and clinically relevant benefits. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03757013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Jullien
- Department of Dermatology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospital E. Herriot, HCL, 5 Pl. d' Arsonval, 69003, Lyon, France.
- Department of Dermatology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France.
- INSERM U1111-CIRI, Lyon, France.
| | - Marie-Aleth Richard
- Department of Dermatology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
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Sfikakis PP, Vassilopoulos D, Katsifis G, Vosvotekas G, Dimitroulas T, Sidiropoulos P, Vounotrypidis P, Bogdanos DP, Georgountzos AΙ, Bounas AG, Georgiou P, Gazi S, Kataxaki E, Liossis SN, Theodorou E, Papagoras C, Theotikos E, Vlachoyiannopoulos P, Voulgari PV, Kekki A, Antonakopoulos N, Boumpas DT. Apremilast for biologic-naïve, peripheral psoriatic arthritis, including patients with early disease: results from the APROACH observational prospective study. Rheumatol Int 2023; 43:889-902. [PMID: 36856816 PMCID: PMC10073163 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-022-05269-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor apremilast in biologic-naïve patients with early peripheral PsA in terms of disease activity, clinical manifestations, patient-perceived outcomes, as well as apremilast's safety profile in routine care settings of Greece. Non-interventional, multicenter, 52-week prospective cohort study, enrolling biologic-naïve patients with early active peripheral PsA who started apremilast after intolerance or inadequate response (within the first 12 months of treatment) to an initial conventional synthetic (cs)DMARD treatment. Non-responder imputation was applied for missing data.In total, 167 consecutive patients (mean age: 52.5 years; median PsA duration: 0.9 years) were analyzed. At baseline, the median (interquartile range) clinical Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis (cDAPSA) score was 22.0 (16.0-29.0), with 86.8% of patients having at least moderate (29.3% high) disease activity; 87.4% had skin psoriasis, 37.7% nail psoriasis, 30.7% enthesitis, and 12.4% dactylitis. At 16, 24, and 52 weeks, 28.7, 42.5, and 48.5% of patients, achieved ≥ 50% improvement in their baseline cDAPSA score, respectively. At week 52, 55.6, 50, and 26.8% of evaluable patients achieved complete resolution of enthesitis, dactylitis and nail psoriasis, respectively. Improvements were also observed in patient's health state assessed by the Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease 12-item questionnaire, and health-related quality of life. The 52-week drug survival rate was 75%, while 13.8% of patients experienced at least one adverse drug reaction.Biologic-naïve patients with early PsA, treated with apremilast experienced significant improvements in disease activity, extra-articular manifestations and patient-centered outcomes, accompanied by a favorable tolerability profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros P Sfikakis
- Department of Propedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17 Agiou Thoma Str., 115 27, Athens, Greece.
- Medical School, Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios Vassilopoulos
- Medical School, Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Immunology-Rheumatology Unit, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 114 Vass. Sophias Ave., 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Gkikas Katsifis
- Naval Hospital of Athens, 70 Dinokratous Str., 115 21, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Vosvotekas
- Euromedica General Clinic of Thessaloniki, 11 Maria Kallas Str., 546 45, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodoros Dimitroulas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 49 Konstantinoupoleos Str., 546 42, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Prodromos Sidiropoulos
- Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, Crete, 711 10, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Periklis Vounotrypidis
- Department of Rheumatology, 424 General Army Hospital, Nea Efkarpia, 564 29, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Mezourlo, 411 10, Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Andreas G Bounas
- Olympion Private General Clinic of Patras, Volou & Meilichou Str., 264 43, Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Georgiou
- Rheumatology Unit, Agios Andreas Hospital, 37 Kalavriton Str., 263 32, Patras, Greece
| | - Souzana Gazi
- Department of Rheumatology, KAT General Hospital of Attica, 2 Nikis Str., Kifissia, 145 61, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Kataxaki
- Rheumatology Unit, Thriasio General Hospital of Elefsina, G. Gennimata Ave., 196 00, Magoula, Greece
| | - Stamatis-Nick Liossis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Patras University Hospital, University of Patras, Rio Achaia, 265 04, Patras, Greece
| | - Evangelos Theodorou
- Rheumatology Clinic 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, 3 Panagioti Kanellopoulou Ave., 115 25, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampos Papagoras
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 681 00, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Evangelos Theotikos
- Rheumatology Department, Asklepieion Voulas General Hospital, 1 Vasileos Pavlou Ave, 166 73, Athens, Greece
| | - Panayiotis Vlachoyiannopoulos
- Medical School, Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17 Agiou Thoma Str., 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi V Voulgari
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 451 10, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Angeliki Kekki
- Genesis Pharma SA, Athens, 274 Kifissias Ave., 152 32, Halandri, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios T Boumpas
- Medical School, Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini Str., 124 62, Athens, Greece
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Spencer RK, Jin JQ, Elhage KG, Davis MS, Hakimi M, Bhutani T, Liao W. Comparative efficacy of biologics and oral agents in palmoplantar psoriasis and palmoplantar pustulosis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023:S0190-9622(23)00746-6. [PMID: 37121476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Riley K Spencer
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ
| | - Joy Q Jin
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kareem G Elhage
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Mitchell S Davis
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Marwa Hakimi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Tina Bhutani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Wilson Liao
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
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21
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Cetkovská P, Dediol I, Šola M, Kojanová M, Trčko K, Čarija A, Čeović R, Ledić-Drvar D, Kaštelan M, Hrabar A, Missoup MC, Mamun K. Apremilast Use in Severe Psoriasis: Real-World Data from Central and Eastern Europe. Adv Ther 2023; 40:1787-1802. [PMID: 36862361 PMCID: PMC9979124 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The broad and sustained efficacy of apremilast for psoriasis has been demonstrated in randomized and real-world observational studies. Data from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) are lacking. Moreover, apremilast use in this region is limited by country-specific reimbursement criteria. This is the first study to report data on the real-world use of apremilast in the region. METHODS APPRECIATE (NCT02740218) was an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study assessing psoriasis patients 6 (± 1) months after apremilast treatment initiation. The study aimed to describe the characteristics of patients with psoriasis receiving apremilast, estimate treatment outcomes, including Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI), Body Surface Area (BSA), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and assess dermatologists' and patients' perspectives on treatment using questionnaires including the Patient Benefit Index (PBI). Adverse event reports were taken from the medical records. RESULTS Fifty patients (Croatia: 25; Czech Republic: 20; Slovenia: 5) were enrolled. In patients continuing apremilast at 6 (± 1) months, mean (± SD) PASI score was reduced from 16.2 ± 8.7 points at treatment initiation to 3.1 ± 5.2 at 6 (± 1) months; BSA from 11.9% ± 10.3% to 0.8% ± 0.9%; DLQI from 13.7 ± 7.4 points to 1.6 ± 3.2. PASI 75 was reached by 81% of patients. Physicians reported that the overall treatment success fulfilled their expectations in more than two thirds of patients (68%). At least three-quarters of patients reported apremilast had a quite or very high benefit on the needs they identified as being most important. Apremilast was well tolerated; no serious or fatal adverse events were identified. CONCLUSION Apremilast was effective in reducing skin involvement and improving quality of life in CEE patients having severe disease. Treatment satisfaction among physicians and patients was very high. These data add to the growing body of evidence showing consistent effectiveness of apremilast across the continuum of psoriasis disease severity and manifestations. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT02740218.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Cetkovská
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Edvarda Beneše 1128/13, 301 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
| | - Iva Dediol
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Šola
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Martina Kojanová
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Trčko
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Clinical Center Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Antoanela Čarija
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine Split, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Romana Čeović
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniela Ledić-Drvar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Kaštelan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Faculty, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Andina Hrabar
- Department of Medicine, Amgen Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Khalid Mamun
- Department of Medicine, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
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22
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Samanta J, Naidu G, Chattopadhyay A, Basnet A, Narang T, Dhir V, Dogra S, Jain S, Sharma A. Comparison between methotrexate and apremilast in Psoriatic Arthritis-a single blind randomized controlled trial (APREMEPsA study). Rheumatol Int 2023; 43:841-848. [PMID: 36961603 PMCID: PMC10037372 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-023-05315-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
To compare the efficacy of methotrexate and apremilast in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This Single blinded (physician), parallel group, randomized controlled trial was conducted at a single centre between October 2019 and December 2020. Adult PsA patients (age > 18 years), fulfilling CASPAR criteria, not on methotrexate/apremilast in last 3 months and never receiving bDMARDs or, JAK inhibitors, having active articular disease (one or more swollen joint or, having one or more tender entheseal point) were recruited. Primary outcome measure was rate of major cDAPSA response at week 24 and secondary outcome measures were ACR 20 response, change in PASI score, Maastricht enthesitis score, Leeds dactylitis index, and health assessment questionnaire-disability index (HAQ-DI) and number of adverse events at week 24 between methotrexate and apremilast groups. A total of 31 patients were recruited (15 in the apremilast arm and 16 in the methotrexate arm) amongst whom 26 patients completed 24 weeks follow up (13 patients in the apremilast arm and 13 patients in the methotrexate arm). Median cDAPSA score at baseline was 23 (9) in the apremilast group and 20 (21) in the methotrexate group. No difference in major cDAPSA response at week 24 was observed between apremilast and methotrexate arm (20% vs. 37.5%; p = 0.433). In the secondary outcome measures, there was no significant differences between both the groups. Both the drugs were safe without any serious adverse events. There was no significant difference between methotrexate and apremilast in terms of efficacy as measured by cDAPSA and ACR20 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeep Samanta
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gsrsnk Naidu
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arghya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Amal Basnet
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Tarun Narang
- Department of Dermatology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Varun Dhir
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunil Dogra
- Department of Dermatology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjay Jain
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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23
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Kim HJ, Del Duca E, Pavel AB, Singer GK, Abittan BJ, Chima MA, Kimmel G, Bares J, Baum D, Gagliotti M, Genece J, Chu J, Lebwohl MG, Guttman-Yassky E. Apremilast and narrowband ultraviolet B combination therapy suppresses Th17 axis and promotes melanogenesis in vitiligo skin: a randomized, split-body, pilot study in skin types IV-VI. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:215-221. [PMID: 35279741 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-022-02343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Improved repigmentation of generalized vitiligo in skin types IV-VI has been reported in clinical response to combined therapy with apremilast and narrowband (NB)-UVB; however, tissue responses to combined therapy versus NB-UVB monotherapy have not been elucidated. We compared the change from baseline in cellular and molecular markers in vitiligo skin after combined therapy versus NB-UVB monotherapy. We assessed lesional and nonlesional skin samples from enrolled subjects and evaluated for immune infiltrates, inflammatory, and melanogenesis-related markers which were compared across different treatment groups. Combined therapy resulted in significant reduction of CD8+T cells and CD11c+ dendritic cells, downregulation of PDE4B and Th17-related markers, and upregulation of melanogenesis markers. This study was limited to small sample size, skin types IV-VI, and high dropout rate. Our molecular findings support the clinical analysis that apremilast may potentiate NB-UVB in repigmentation of generalized vitiligo in skin types IV-VI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee J Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Ester Del Duca
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ana B Pavel
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Giselle K Singer
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Brian J Abittan
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Margot A Chima
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Grace Kimmel
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jennifer Bares
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Danielle Baum
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Matthew Gagliotti
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jordan Genece
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Justin Chu
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Mark G Lebwohl
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
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24
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Sun X, Mei X, Liu Y. Exacerbation of psoriasis induced by Nivolumab in a patient with stage IIIc gastric adenocarcinoma: A case report and literature review. J Transl Autoimmun 2023; 6:100193. [PMID: 36852017 PMCID: PMC9958049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2023.100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nivolumab, the programmed cell death 1 inhibitor, is a kind of immune checkpoint inhibitor commonly used to treat advanced cancers. Unfortunately, such drugs often induce various immune-related adverse events involving different body systems, with psoriasis being one of the skin toxicities. We report the clinical features of an exacerbated psoriasis induced by using nivolumab after three days in a patient with stage IIIc gastric adenocarcinoma. At the same time, we searched 27 case reports published from 2015 to 2021 over the world and systematically summarized the clinical manifestation of a total of 44 cases with psoriasis caused or exacerbated by Nivolumab. Commonly traditional treatment could be useful, and small molecule drugs such as apremilast are effective among some patients. However, more studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of biologics or small molecule drugs in treating psoriasis induced by nivolumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Sun
- Clinical Trial and Cosmetics Testing Center, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Xiaole Mei
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immunological Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Clinical Trial and Cosmetics Testing Center, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
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25
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Gomaa AA, Farghaly HSM, Ahmed AM, Hemida FK. Intermittent treatment with Apremilast, a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, ameliorates Alzheimer's-like pathology and symptoms through multiple targeting actions in aged T2D rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109927. [PMID: 36848793 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apremilast (Apre), a novel phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator, neuroprotective and senolytic properties, therefore, Apre like other PDE4 inhibitors may be a promising candidate for treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of Apre on Alzheimer's like pathology and symptoms in an animal model. METHODS The effects of Apre and cilostazol, a reference drug, on the behavioral, biochemical, and pathological features of Alzheimer's disease induced by a high-fat/high-fructose diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin (HF/HFr/l-STZ) were investigated. RESULT Apre 5 mg/kg IP/day for 3 consecutive days per week for 8 weeks attenuated memory and learning deficits tested by novel object recognition, Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests. Apre treatment significantly decreased the number of degenerating cells, and abnormal suppression of gene expression of AMPA and NMDA receptor subunits in the cortex and hippocampus of the AD rat model compared to rats that received vehicle. A significant decrease in elevated levels of hippocampal amyloid beta, tau-positive cell count, cholinesterase activity, and hippocampal caspase-3, a biomarker of neurodegeneration, was also observed after treatment with Apre in AD rats compared to rats that received placebo. Furthermore, a significant decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, insulin resistance and GSK-3 was demonstrated in AD aged rats treated by Apre. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that intermittent treatment with Apre can enhance cognitive function in HF/HFr/l-STZ rats which may be related to decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, insulin resistance and GSK-3β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel A Gomaa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Hanan S M Farghaly
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Fahmy K Hemida
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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26
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Spencer RK, Elhage KG, Jin JQ, Davis MS, Hakimi M, Bhutani T, Liao W. Apremilast in Palmoplantar Psoriasis and Palmoplantar Pustulosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2023; 13:437-451. [PMID: 36609960 PMCID: PMC9884725 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-022-00877-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review's goals were to investigate apremilast's efficacy versus placebo in palmoplantar psoriasis (PP) and palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP), and apremilast's efficacy versus methotrexate in PP. METHODS A literature search was conducted in PubMed, clinicaltrials.gov, and Embase in July 2022. Publications investigating subjects with PP or PPP, treated with apremilast, which reported palmoplantar-specific outcomes were used. Exclusion criteria included cases of drug-induced PP/PPP, case studies, non-English texts, omission of palmoplantar-specific outcomes, and incomplete publications. Studies were assessed for risk of bias using Cochrane Review Manager application and CASP checklist. Primary endpoints were a 50% improvement of the Palmoplantar Psoriasis/Pustulosis Area and Severity Index (PPPASI 50) and improvement of the Palmoplantar Physician Global Assessment (PPPGA) to 0 or 1 in patients with baseline PPPGA ≥ 3. RESULTS Seventeen original studies including five placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs), one phase II clinical trial, two randomized methotrexate comparative trials, six cohort studies, and three case series were analyzed, totaling 1117 participants. Meta-analysis of four placebo-controlled RCTs investigating PP found apremilast treatment to be superior to placebo in achieving a PPPGA of 0/1 (baseline PPPGA of ≥ 3) after 16 weeks of treatment (n = 244; OR = 2.69 [1.39-5.22]). Apremilast was superior to placebo in achieving PPPASI 50 at week 16 in the only placebo-controlled RCT of PPP (78.3 vs. 40.9%) [P = 0.0003]. Apremilast was comparable to methotrexate in achieving PPPASI 50 at week 16 in PP (59.5 vs. 64.3%; n = 84; [P = 0.65]). Non-randomized studies generally showed marked improvement in PPPASI, PPPGA, and DLQI scores following apremilast treatment. DISCUSSION Apremilast treatment in PP and PPP resulted in significant improvement in objective, palmoplantar-specific clinical parameters versus placebo, and comparable efficacy with methotrexate in PP. Limitations in interpreting these results include variations in palmoplantar-specific metrics used and risk of bias of included studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley K Spencer
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 515 Spruce Street, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA.
- Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, USA.
| | - Kareem G Elhage
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 515 Spruce Street, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Joy Q Jin
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 515 Spruce Street, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
- School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mitchell S Davis
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 515 Spruce Street, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Marwa Hakimi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 515 Spruce Street, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Tina Bhutani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 515 Spruce Street, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Wilson Liao
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 515 Spruce Street, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
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27
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Torre Alonso JC, Almodóvar González R, Montilla Morales C, Sanz Sanz J, Díaz González F, Pascual Alfonso E, Gratacós J. Expert recommendations for the use of apremilast in psoriatic arthritis. Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed) 2023; 19:34-44. [PMID: 35537933 DOI: 10.1016/j.reumae.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Despite the evidence, there are doubts about the positioning of apremilast in the psoriatic arthritis (PsA) treatment algorithm. The objective of this project was to collect the scientific evidence and the experience of a group of rheumatologists who are experts in the management of PsA with apremilast in clinical practice in Spain. MATERIAL AND METHODS A scientific committee made up of 6 experts proposed 5 clinical scenarios where the evidence on the use of apremilast in PsA was controversial: (i) Efficacy in peripheral PsA; (ii) Efficacy in enthesitis and dactylitis; (iii) Efficacy in PsA with skin involvement; (iv) Comorbidities; and (v) Apremilast safety. After this, a panel of 17 rheumatologists with expertise in PsA management discussed these scenarios and generated a questionnaire with 50 questions and 156 items following the Delphi methodology. This questionnaire was anonymously answered by the panel. RESULTS After 2 voting rounds, the panel of experts reached consensus in 93 of the 156 items raised (59.6%) (67 in agreement and 26 in disagreement). The degree of consensus was 53.3% in the area of "Efficacy in peripheral PsA"; 60.0% in "Efficacy in enthesitis and dactylitis"; 50.0% in "Efficacy in PsA with skin involvement"; 57.1% in "Management of comorbidities in patients with PsA"; and 67.3% in "Implications of safety in the use of apremilast". CONCLUSIONS The structured opinion of the experts complements the available evidence and contributes to the establishment of consensual guidelines for the use of apremilast in PsA.
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28
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Pinto-Pulido EL, Rodríguez-Villa Lario A, Vega-Díez D, González-Cañete M, García-Verdú E, Polo-Rodríguez I, Piteiro-Bermejo AB, Medina-Montalvo S, Trasobares-Marugán L. Apremilast and biologics: characteristics of patients treated with apremilast before, during or after a biological treatment. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15844. [PMID: 36124339 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Apremilast is an oral small molecule approved for the treatment of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and oral ulcers associated with Behçet's disease. This research was conducted to describe the characteristics of patients who received treatment with apremilast for a skin disorder, either before, during or after a biological treatment, with the aim of analyse the reasons that lead to start this drug in real clinical practice or suspend it for another. A total of 41 patients were enrolled: 9 (22.0%) had received biological treatment prior to apremilast, 7 (17.0%) both before and after apremilast and 25 (61.0%) after apremilast. One patient received concomitant treatment with adalimumab and apremilast. Most patients (85.4%) received apremilast as treatment for psoriasis. Reasons for starting apremilast were lack of efficacy with previous treatments (85.4%) and adverse effects or contraindication to previous treatments (14.6%), without statistically significant differences between patients who had received a previous biologic and those who had not. Drug survival was not influenced by previous biological treatment, but we found an increased risk of drug discontinuation in patients with chronic kidney disease (Log-Rank p=0.028). The main reason of apremilast withdrawal, was lack of adequate disease control (60.0%), most of whom required treatment with biologics. Therefore, despite the extensive development of new therapies for psoriasis and other dermatological conditions, apremilast is a widely used drug even in patients who are candidates for biologic treatment. Its initiation is more frequent due to poor disease control than because of other therapies contraindications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lucia Pinto-Pulido
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias. Carretera de Alcalá, s/n, 28805 Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Rodríguez-Villa Lario
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias. Carretera de Alcalá, s/n, 28805 Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Vega-Díez
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias. Carretera de Alcalá, s/n, 28805 Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta González-Cañete
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias. Carretera de Alcalá, s/n, 28805 Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena García-Verdú
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias. Carretera de Alcalá, s/n, 28805 Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Polo-Rodríguez
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias. Carretera de Alcalá, s/n, 28805 Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Piteiro-Bermejo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias. Carretera de Alcalá, s/n, 28805 Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Medina-Montalvo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias. Carretera de Alcalá, s/n, 28805 Meco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Trasobares-Marugán
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias. Carretera de Alcalá, s/n, 28805 Meco, Madrid, Spain
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Thangaraju P, Ty SS, Reddy L SS, Sasanka KSBSK. Repurposing Thalidomide, Its Analogue And Apremilast For Possible Antiviral In Situation Of Severe Covid Cytokine Syndrome. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2022:IDDT-EPUB-125427. [PMID: 35959615 DOI: 10.2174/1871526522666220811114816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19, caused by SARS-corona virus-2, is a global wide expanded public health risk at a bizarre level. In this current situation, COVID-19 became a serious emerging pandemic. Choosing drug reusing is a crucial step in identifying the new uses of old established drugs. To achieve a significant and healthy way of treatment in COVID patients within a short duration, drug repurposing is a novel method. OBJECTIVE The present study concentrated on the molecular docking of thalidomide and its analogues and Apremilast against Coronavirus infectious symptoms, evaluated on virus proteins (Spike Protein, 3cl Protease, Nucleocapsids). METHODS The present study explores the possibility of repurposing thalidomide for the treatment of SARS-COV-2 infection by assessing and confirming with docking affinity scores of thalidomide & its analogues and Apremilast, with spike protein, 3cl protease, and nucleocapsids. RESULTS From the study results, thalidomide, pomalidomide, lenalidomide, and Apremilast exhibited better binding affinity to N Protein (4KXJ), Protease (4WY3) and Spike Protein (5WRG). In comparison of targets, N Protein - 4KXJ is the best for the four ligands. It is finalized that all four ligands (Thalidomide - -8.6, Pomalidomide - -8.8, Lenalidomide,and - -8.2,and Apremilast - -8.1) have good docking scores with the target N Protein. CONCLUSION The present study shows confirmation that thalidomide and its analogues and apremilast as a better fit for treating high risk patients of COVID -19 viral infection which are supposed to promote beneficial effects for both respiratory illnesses like COVID-19 symptoms as well as improve the pathological state of condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pugazhenthan Thangaraju
- Department of Pharmacology, All India institute of medical sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sree Sudha Ty
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India. (Ex-Senior Resident, AIIMS, RAIPUR)
| | - Siva Sanker Reddy L
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Santhiram College of Pharmacy, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K S B S Krishna Sasanka
- Department of ENT, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deogarh, Jharkhand, India. (Ex- Senior Resident, AIIMS, Raipur)
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Quartuccio L, Sebastiani M, Spinelli FR, Di Marco F, Peluso R, D'Angelo S, Cauli A, Rossini M, Atzeni F. More than a random association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and psoriatic arthritis: shared pathogenic features and implications for treatment. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2022; 18:983-990. [PMID: 35881045 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2022.2106969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by skin and joints involvement, and with a great burden of comorbidity that could affect the choice of treatment. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality. Medical therapy can improve symptoms and the frequency and severity of exacerbations. A variety of evidence showed an increasing association between COPD and PsA. AREAS COVERED Psoriatic disease and COPD appear to have a possible pathophysiologic link. The inhibition of intracellular molecules responsible for pro-inflammatory responses could be a therapeutic approach for both psoriatic diseases and COPD. Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE-4) were developed to treat chronic inflammatory conditions such as psoriasis, PsA and COPD. Roflumilast has been used to treat COPD and asthma, while Apremilast to treat psoriasis and PsA. Given the efficacy and safety of these treatments, we can speculate that blocking PDE-4 might also provide clinical benefits in patients with co-existing COPD and PsA. EXPERT OPINION This hypothesis could offer the opportunity to screen patients for both diseases. Furthermore, this approach would increase the involvement of other specialists in the management of PsA, and it would improve the use of a tailored treatment for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Quartuccio
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marco Sebastiani
- Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Policlinico di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Spinelli
- Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiano Di Marco
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Peluso
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore D'Angelo
- Rheumatology Institute of Lucania (IReL) and Rheumatology Department of Lucania, San Carlo Hospital of Potenza, Potenza, Italy
| | - Alberto Cauli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, AOU and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Rossini
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Policlinico Borgo Roma, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabiola Atzeni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Experimental and Internal Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Ariani A, Parisi S, Del Medico P, Farina A, Visalli E, Molica Colella AB, Lumetti F, Caccavale R, Scolieri P, Andracco R, Girelli F, Bravi E, Colina M, Volpe A, Ianniello A, Franchina V, Platè I, Di Donato E, Amato G, Salvarani C, Lucchini G, De Lucia F, Molica Colella F, Santilli D, Ferrero G, Marchetta A, Arrigoni E, Mozzani F, Foti R, Sandri G, Bruzzese V, Paroli M, Fusaro E, Becciolini A. Apremilast retention rate in clinical practice: observations from an Italian multi-center study. Clin Rheumatol 2022. [PMID: 35796847 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are few real-world setting studies focused on apremilast effectiveness (i.e., retention rate) in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The main aim of this retrospective observational study is the assessment of apremilast 3-year retention rate in real-world PsA patients. Moreover, the secondary objective is to report the reasons of apremilast discontinuation and the factors related to treatment persistence. METHODS In fifteen Italian rheumatological referral centers, all PsA consecutive patients who received apremilast were enrolled. Anamnestic data, treatment history, and PsA disease activity (DAPSA) at baseline were recorded. The Kaplan-Meier curve and the Cox analysis computed the apremilast retention rate and treatment persistence-related risk factors. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The 356 enrolled patients (median age 60 [interquartile range IQR 52-67] yrs; male prevalence 42.7%) median observation period was 17 [IQR 7-34] months (7218 patients-months). The apremilast retention rate at 12, 24, and 36 months was, respectively, 85.6%, 73.6%, and 61.8%. The main discontinuation reasons were secondary inefficacy (34% of interruptions), gastro-intestinal intolerance (24%), and primary inefficacy (19%). Age and oligo-articular phenotype were related to treatment persistence (respectively hazard ratio 0.98 IQR 0.96-0.99; p = 0.048 and 0.54 IQR 0.31-0.95; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Almost three-fifths of PsA patients receiving apremilast were still in treatment after 3 years. This study confirmed its effectiveness and safety profile. Apremilast appears as a good treatment choice in all oligo-articular PsA patients and in those ones burdened by relevant comorbidities. Key Points • Apremilast retention rates in this real-life cohort and trials are comparable. • The oligo-articular phenotype is associated with long-lasting treatment (i.e., 3 years). • No different or more prevalent adverse events were observed.
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Okubo Y, Takahashi H, Hino R, Endo K, Kikuchi S, Ozeki Y, Nakamura T, Paris M, Abe M. Efficacy and Safety of Apremilast in the Treatment of Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Psoriasis in Japan: Results from PROMINENT, A Phase 3b, Open-Label, Single-Arm Study. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2022; 12:1469-1480. [PMID: 35689737 PMCID: PMC9209617 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-022-00747-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis often experience reduced quality of life and increased disease burden due to itch or involvement of psoriasis in special areas such as the scalp and nails. Systemic therapy may be used concurrently with topical therapy in patients with active disease not controlled by topical therapy alone. The objective of PROMINENT was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of apremilast in combination with topical therapy in patients with mild-to-moderate psoriasis in Japan. Methods PROMINENT, a phase 3b, open-label, single-arm study in Japan, enrolled adults ≥ 20 years of age with plaque psoriasis [static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA) 2 (mild) or 3 (moderate)] not adequately controlled by topical therapy. Patients received apremilast 30 mg twice daily for 16 weeks in addition to their existing topical therapy, with the option of topical therapy reduction at the discretion of their physician while continuing apremilast treatment from weeks 16 to 32. Results Of the 152 patients enrolled in the study, 136 completed week 32. The primary endpoint of sPGA response [score 0 (clear) or 1 (almost clear)] was achieved by 43.7% of patients at week 16, and 40.8% maintained response at week 32. Clinically meaningful improvements in skin, scalp, and nails were observed in > 40% of patients at weeks 16 and 32. Similarly, improvements in pruritus, quality of life, and treatment satisfaction were observed at week 16 and maintained at week 32. Common treatment-emergent adverse events through week 32 included gastrointestinal events, nasopharyngitis, and headache. Conclusions Apremilast in combination with topical therapy resulted in clinically meaningful and sustained efficacy in physician- and patient-reported outcomes at weeks 16 and 32 in Japanese patients with mild-to-moderate psoriasis. Tolerability was consistent with available prior safety data for apremilast. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT03930186.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Okubo
- Tokyo Medical University, 6 Chome-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
| | | | - Ryosuke Hino
- Hino Dermatology Clinic, Fukutsu, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Koki Endo
- Department of Dermatology, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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Parmar PK, Sharma N, Wasil Kabeer S, Rohit A, Bansal AK. Nanocrystal-based gel of apremilast ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis by suppressing inflammatory responses. Int J Pharm 2022; 622:121873. [PMID: 35640806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Apremilast is 'difficult-to-deliver' in stratum corneum and viable layers (viable epidermis, dermis) owing to its modest lipophilicity and poor aqueous solubility, respectively. The objective of the present research was to develop apremilast nanocrystal-based gel for enhanced anti-psoriatic efficacy for the treatment of psoriasis. Nanosuspension was generated by wet media milling with a mean particle size of 200 nm. In-vivoefficacy of nanocrystal-based gels was evaluated in the imiquimod-induced psoriatic plaque model. Nanocrystal-based gel (1% and 3% w/w) improved phenotypic, histopathological features of psoriatic skin and attenuated splenic hypertrophy, psoriasis area severity scoring. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to evaluate levels of psoriatic biochemical markers indicating a significant decrease in the concentration of cytokines such as IL-23, IL-17A, IL-6 and TNF-α by nanocrystal-based gels (1% and 3% w/w) over disease induced group. Skin irritation study revealed that nanocrystal-based gel was significantly less irritating than the positive control. These results suggest that nanocrystal-based gel of apremilast can be an effective strategy for the management of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashantkumar K Parmar
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Shaheen Wasil Kabeer
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Aastha Rohit
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Arvind K Bansal
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160 062, India.
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Galache-Osuna C, Reyes-García S, Salgueiro E, Bordallo-Landa J, Lozano A, Vázquez-López F, Santos-Juanes J. Retrospective study of apremilast drug survival in psoriasis patients in a daily practice setting: a long-term experience. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15583. [PMID: 35567525 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence about the real-world survival of apremilast in patients with psoriasis, especially over the long term. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the long-term survival of apremilast and its predictive factors when used to treat psoriasis. METHODS A retrospective hospital-based study, including data collected from 104 patients. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Proportional hazard Cox regression models were used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS The average duration of the treatment before discontinuation was 28.82 months (95% CI, 22.08-35.57 months) and the median was 12 months (95% CI, 2.68-21.31 months). The retention rates were 51% (1 year), and 33% (5 years). The survival study revealed statistically significant differences between patients with PASI<10 and those in the PASI≥10 group (log-rank test, p<0.001). The five-year prevalences were 64% for patients with a PASI of <10 and 5% for those with an index ≥10. In the PASI<10 patient group the retention rates were 77% (1 year) and 64% (5 years). Furthermore, 66% of patients who continued apremilast treatment for more than 2 years were receiving off-label doses (30 mg/day). CONCLUSIONS Apremilast may be a suitable and efficient alternative for the treatment of psoriasis patients in the PASI<10 group. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Galache-Osuna
- Dermatology Department of Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias.,Grider. Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología. Universidad de Oviedo
| | | | - Esther Salgueiro
- Grider. Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología. Universidad de Oviedo.,Area de Farmacologia. Departmento de Medicina. University of Oviedo
| | - Javier Bordallo-Landa
- Grider. Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología. Universidad de Oviedo.,Area de Farmacologia. Departmento de Medicina. University of Oviedo
| | - Ana Lozano
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Farmacia, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias
| | - Francisco Vázquez-López
- Dermatology Department of Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias.,Grider. Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología. Universidad de Oviedo.,Área de Dermatología, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Asturias
| | - Jorge Santos-Juanes
- Dermatology Department of Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias.,Grider. Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología. Universidad de Oviedo.,Area de Farmacologia. Departmento de Medicina. University of Oviedo.,Área de Dermatología, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Asturias.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario Oncológico del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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Sui D, Yu H. Protective roles of apremilast via Sirtuin 1 in atherosclerosis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:13872-13881. [PMID: 35707830 PMCID: PMC9276050 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2085390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease with a high level of cholesterol in the blood. Apremilast is a new anti-inflammatory drug that possesses a potential anti-atherosclerosis effect. RT-qPCR and western blot were undertaken to assay the levels of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 (LOX-1), and CD36 molecule (CD36). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were evaluated by 2’, 7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining, and Oil Red O staining was performed to show lipid accumulation. The result showed that apremilast treatment reduced the expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors and p-p65, as well as lipid accumulation. Meanwhile, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and free cholesterol (FC) levels declined in oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated macrophages. Mechanistically, apremilast targets SIRT1 and increases SIRT1 expression. The efficacy of apremilast on inflammatory response and lipid formation required the involvement of SIRT1. Additionally, apremilast treatment reduced scavenger receptors, LOX-1, and CD36 levels. These findings suggest the protective effects of apremilast via SIRT1 in atherogenesis and highlight the need for translational research from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkui Sui
- Ultrasonography Department, the Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
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de Vlam K, Toukap AN, Kaiser MJ, Vanhoof J, Remans P, Van den Berghe M, Di Romana S, Van den Bosch F, Lories R. Real-World Efficacy and Safety of Apremilast in Belgian Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: Results from the Prospective Observational APOLO Study. Adv Ther 2022; 39:1055-67. [PMID: 34977986 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-021-02016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Apremilast is approved for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Real-world evidence on the efficacy and safety of apremilast in clinical practice is limited. We assessed the use of apremilast in patients with PsA in Belgium clinical practice. Methods The multicentre, observational, prospective APOLO study enrolled patients with active PsA initiating apremilast in Belgium between April 2017 and December 2018. Primary outcome was PsA Response Criteria (PsARC) after 6 months of apremilast treatment. Secondary outcomes included PsA Impact of Disease 12 (PsAID12) and Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI). Disease-specific outcomes and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were analysed for patients who received apremilast within 30 days prior to their study inclusion and completed at least 150 days of treatment (reference set [REF]). Results Of 107 patients enrolled in the study, 106 received at least one dose of apremilast and 69 were included in the REF. PsARC response was achieved by 43.5% of patients (30/69) in the REF at month 6; mean global and composite scores including 68-joint count for pain/tenderness (68-TJC) and 66-joint count for swelling (66-SJC) improved, and 27% and 42% of patients with 68-TJC and 66-SJC > 0 at baseline had complete joint count resolution, respectively. Mean global and composite PsAID12 and HAQ-DI scores decreased at 6 months, indicating improved quality of life. Apremilast was well tolerated and the reported adverse events were in line with the known safety profile. Conclusion Results from the APOLO study indicate that treatment with apremilast in Belgian clinical practice improves the signs and symptoms of PsA as well as patient quality of life. Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT03096990. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12325-021-02016-x.
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Gambardella A, Licata G, De Rosa A, Calabrese G, Alfano R, Argenziano G. Is Apremilast a Safe Option in Patients with History of Melanoma? A Case Series and a Review of the Literature. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2022; 15:23-25. [PMID: 35309878 PMCID: PMC8884186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently it has been reported that apremilast might promote melanogenesis and it would therefore not be safe to use this drug in patients with psoriasis who have a history of melanoma. METHODS From January 2017 to December 2020, we retrospectively identified, within a cohort of 635 patients in follow-up care for melanoma, 16 cases of patients with psoriasis treated with apremilast and history of melanoma. Patients were monitored at our unit for a mean duration of 36 months of follow up. RESULTS The use of apremilast, in our case series was, thus, effective in managing psoriasis without causing recurrence of previous melanoma or any new suspicious lesions which would need removal. DISCUSSION It has been speculated that apremilast might not be safe in patients who have a history of melanoma as it would be involved in the stimulation of melanogenesis and consequent possibility of recurrence of previous melanoma. CONCLUSION Our data show that none of the patients treated with apremilast developed recurrence of melanoma at 36 months of follow-up. Further studies are necessary to confirm the safety of apremilast in a larger number of patients with concurrent malignancies, specifically melanoma, and for a longer follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Gambardella
- Drs. Gambardella, Licata, De Rosa, Calabrese, Argenziano are with the Dermatology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine at the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli in Naples, Italy
- Dr. Alfano is with the Department of Anesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency at the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli in Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Licata
- Drs. Gambardella, Licata, De Rosa, Calabrese, Argenziano are with the Dermatology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine at the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli in Naples, Italy
- Dr. Alfano is with the Department of Anesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency at the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli in Naples, Italy
| | - Alina De Rosa
- Drs. Gambardella, Licata, De Rosa, Calabrese, Argenziano are with the Dermatology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine at the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli in Naples, Italy
- Dr. Alfano is with the Department of Anesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency at the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli in Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Calabrese
- Drs. Gambardella, Licata, De Rosa, Calabrese, Argenziano are with the Dermatology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine at the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli in Naples, Italy
- Dr. Alfano is with the Department of Anesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency at the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli in Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Alfano
- Drs. Gambardella, Licata, De Rosa, Calabrese, Argenziano are with the Dermatology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine at the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli in Naples, Italy
- Dr. Alfano is with the Department of Anesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency at the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli in Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Argenziano
- Drs. Gambardella, Licata, De Rosa, Calabrese, Argenziano are with the Dermatology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine at the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli in Naples, Italy
- Dr. Alfano is with the Department of Anesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency at the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli in Naples, Italy
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Ghislain PD, Lambert J, Hoai XLL, Hillary T, Roquet-Gravy PP, de la Brassinne M, Segaert S. Real-Life Effectiveness of Apremilast for the Treatment of Psoriasis in Belgium: Results From the Observational OTELO Study. Adv Ther 2022; 39:1068-1080. [PMID: 34977985 PMCID: PMC8866388 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-021-01981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Apremilast is approved for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. However, data on the efficacy and safety of apremilast in clinical practice are limited. We assessed the real-world use and effectiveness of apremilast in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis visiting dermatologist practices in Belgium, from the perspectives of the patient and the physician. METHODS This prospective observational study enrolled adults aged 18 years or more initiating apremilast between 6 April 2017 and 30 June 2018, per Belgian reimbursement criteria. Primary outcome was the Patient Benefit Index for Skin Diseases (PBI-S). Secondary outcomes included the Patient Global Assessment (PtGA), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), and body surface area (BSA). Patients were followed up for up to 18 months. RESULTS Overall, 122 enrolled patients received at least one dose of apremilast, of which 89 received treatment for more than 150 days and were included in the reference population. Treatment goals most frequently identified (at least 70% of patients) as "very important" in the PBI-S were related to physical impairments. After 6 months of apremilast treatment, 61-78% of patients reported they had achieved these goals; only 12.5% assessed their disease as severe (PtGA, 53.6% at apremilast initiation) and over half reported a DLQI score of 5 or less, indicating improved quality of life. As assessed by the physician, 68.4% and 35.1% of patients achieved at least a 50% and 75% reduction in PASI, respectively, at month 6. Apremilast was well tolerated with no new safety signals identified. CONCLUSIONS Our real-world data indicate that apremilast fulfils the expectations of Belgian patients with moderate to severe psoriasis, and from the perspectives of both the patient and physician, apremilast has a positive impact on their disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03097003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Dominique Ghislain
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Saint-Luc, Av. Hippocrate 10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jo Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xuãn-Lan Lam Hoai
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Saint-Pierre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tom Hillary
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Bernardini N, Skroza N, Marchesiello A, Mambrin A, Proietti I, Tolino E, Maddalena P, Marraffa F, Rossi G, Volpe S, Potenza C. Psoriatic patients with a history of cancer: a real-life experience with Apremilast treatment for 104 weeks. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15306. [PMID: 35100460 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a multifactorial, chronic, auto- inflammatory disease, with a worldwide prevalence of around 2%, subtended by robust genetic predisposition and autoimmune pathogenic traits. The disease, mainly involving the skin and joints, is featured by erythemato-squamous lesions, with a chronic relapsing course and relevant systemic comorbidities. Apremilast is a novel oral agent that has recently been made available to dermatologists for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Although it is considered as relatively safe molecule with few contraindications, experience with Apremilast in the real-world setting for cancer patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis is lacking. Hence, we report the real-life experience in patients with psoriasis and a history of cancer who underwent treatment with Apremilast for 104 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Bernardini
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Dermatology Unit "Daniele Innocenzi", Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Italy
| | - Nevena Skroza
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Dermatology Unit "Daniele Innocenzi", Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Italy
| | - Anna Marchesiello
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Dermatology Unit "Daniele Innocenzi", Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mambrin
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Dermatology Unit "Daniele Innocenzi", Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Italy
| | - Ilaria Proietti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Dermatology Unit "Daniele Innocenzi", Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Italy
| | - Ersilia Tolino
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Dermatology Unit "Daniele Innocenzi", Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Italy
| | - Patrizia Maddalena
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Dermatology Unit "Daniele Innocenzi", Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Italy
| | - Federica Marraffa
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Dermatology Unit "Daniele Innocenzi", Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Rossi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Dermatology Unit "Daniele Innocenzi", Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Italy
| | - Salvatore Volpe
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Dermatology Unit "Daniele Innocenzi", Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Italy
| | - Concetta Potenza
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Dermatology Unit "Daniele Innocenzi", Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Italy
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Patro N, Panda M, Dash M, Das A. Apremilast in Paediatric Dermatoses - A Comprehensive Review. Indian J Dermatol 2022; 67:206. [PMID: 36092227 PMCID: PMC9455127 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_482_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Apremilast has recently garnered attention in the management of multiple dermatological conditions including psoriasis. The comparable effectiveness with immunosuppressive drugs and a favorable side effect profile makes the drug, a prudent alternative for managing a gamut of dermatoses. In this article, we have reviewed the literature on apremilast use in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nibedita Patro
- From the Department of Skin and VD, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Maitreyee Panda
- Department of Skin and VD, IMS and SUM Hospital, SOA University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mrityunjay Dash
- Department of Paediatrics, IMS and SUM Hospital, SOA University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Anupam Das
- Department of Dermatology, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Anupam Das, Department of Dermatology, KPC Medical College and Hospital, 1F, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Rd, Jadavpur, Kolkata - 700 032, West Bengal, India. E-mail:
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Tanaka M, Ozeki Y, Matsuyama F, Murata T, Imafuku S, Nakamura T. Apremilast Prolongs the Time to First Biologic Therapy in Japanese Patients with Psoriasis. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2021; 12:451-466. [PMID: 34951693 PMCID: PMC8850490 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-021-00659-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Biologic agents are used in patients with severe psoriasis who have not adequately responded to existing conventional systemic therapies. However, only a limited number of medical institutions in Japan are approved to use them, and their relatively high cost represents a substantial burden to patients. Apremilast is an oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor approved in Japan for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris in adult patients with an inadequate response to topical therapies and psoriatic arthritis in adult patients with active disease. To date, a large-scale real-world study of treatment patterns and costs associated with apremilast in Japan has not been conducted. The objective of this study was to assess whether apremilast can prolong time to first biologic therapy use and decrease total medical cost. Methods Using the Medical Data Vision hospital-based claims database, 506 psoriasis patients were propensity score matched and analyzed (apremilast: n = 253; non-apremilast: n = 253). Results The incidence rate of first biologic therapy use per 1000 patient-years was significantly lower in the apremilast group than in the non-apremilast group (30.3 vs. 107.6; P < 0.001), and the total medical costs per month were significantly lower in the apremilast group than in the non-apremilast group (76,594 yen/month vs. 102,411 yen/month, P < 0.001). In a sensitivity analysis of a propensity-score-matched subset of eligible patients prescribed biologics during the follow-up period (apremilast: n = 14; non-apremilast: n = 14), the incidence of first biologic therapy use was 2,797.6 per 1000 patient-years (95% CI: 1,656.9, 4,723.6) in the non-apremilast group and 856.1 per 1000 patient-years (95% CI: 507.0, 1,445.5) in the apremilast group. Conclusion These results suggest that apremilast prolongs the time to first biologic therapy use in patients with psoriasis, thereby reducing the total medical cost and decreasing the economic burden on patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13555-021-00659-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Tanaka
- Inflammation and Immunology, General Medicine, Medical Affairs, Research and Development, Amgen K.K., Midtown Tower 9-7-1 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Ozeki
- Inflammation and Immunology, General Medicine, Medical Affairs, Research and Development, Amgen K.K., Midtown Tower 9-7-1 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Taichi Nakamura
- Inflammation and Immunology, General Medicine, Medical Affairs, Research and Development, Amgen K.K., Midtown Tower 9-7-1 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Reich K, Korge B, Magnolo N, Manasterski M, Schwichtenberg U, Staubach-Renz P, Kaiser S, Roemmler-Zehrer J, Gómez NN, Lorenz-Baath K. Quality-of-Life Outcomes, Effectiveness and Tolerability of Apremilast in Patients with Plaque Psoriasis and Routine German Dermatology Care: Results from LAPIS-PSO. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2021; 12:203-221. [PMID: 34913153 PMCID: PMC8776950 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-021-00658-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease characterised by pruritic skin lesions that impair quality of life (QOL). Long-Term Documentation of the Utilization of Apremilast in Patients with Plaque Psoriasis under Routine Conditions (LAPIS-PSO; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02626793) was a 52-week, prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study conducted in real-world dermatology clinical settings in Germany. We evaluated physician- and patient-reported outcomes for QOL, effectiveness and tolerability in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis vulgaris in LAPIS-PSO. METHODS The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients achieving Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score ≤ 5 or ≥ 5-point improvement from baseline in DLQI score at visit 2 (~ 4 months after baseline). Secondary endpoints included assessments of symptoms and disease severity. Tolerability was evaluated based on adverse events (AEs). A pre-defined subgroup analysis based on baseline Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) score (2 or 3 versus 4) was performed. Data were examined descriptively through visit 5 (~ 13 months) using the last-observation-carried-forward (LOCF) approach and data as observed. RESULTS In total, 257 patients were included for efficacy assessment. On LOCF analysis, most patients achieved the primary endpoint at visit 2 (66.5%); DLQI response was maintained at visit 5 (72.4%). Earlier treatment response was observed in patients with a PGA score of 2 or 3 versus 4 (visit 1 PASI ≤ 3: 20.5% versus 10.8%). Adverse events were consistent with the known safety profile of apremilast. CONCLUSIONS In routine clinical care in Germany, patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis benefited from apremilast treatment up to ~ 13 months, consistent with findings from clinical trials, with a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Reich
- Translational Research in Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, Building West 38/Room 514, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Korge
- Hautarztpraxis Priv. Doz. Dr. med. Bernhard Korge, Düren, Germany
| | - Nina Magnolo
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Muenster, Münster, Germany
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Klein TM, Blome C, Kleyn CE, Conrad C, Sator PG, Ståhle M, Eyerich K, Radtke MA, Bundy C, Cordey M, Griffiths CEM, Augustin M. Real-World Experience of Patient-Relevant Benefits and Treatment Satisfaction with Apremilast in Patients with Psoriasis: An Analysis of the APPRECIATE Study. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2021. [PMID: 34813044 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-021-00628-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the real-world APPRECIATE study (NCT02740218), most patients with psoriasis demonstrated notable improvements on disease severity measures and reported clinically meaningful treatment benefits with apremilast. OBJECTIVE We aim to further describe patient-relevant needs and benefits and patient satisfaction with apremilast, including subgroup analyses based on patient characteristics. METHODS APPRECIATE, a multinational, retrospective, cross-sectional study, enrolled patients with chronic plaque psoriasis who started apremilast according to the European label. Patient Benefit Index (PBI; range 0 (no patient-relevant benefit) to 4 (maximum patient-relevant benefit), global PBI score ≥ 1 indicating minimum patient-relevant benefit and ≥ 3 indicating high benefit) and nine-item Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9; range 0-100) were assessed 6 (± 1) months after apremilast initiation and summarized descriptively. Relationships between global PBI and TSQM-9 assessments were analyzed by Pearson correlations. RESULTS Of 480 enrolled patients, 347 (72.3%) had remained on apremilast at 6 (± 1) months; 90.9% (300/330) achieved global PBI score ≥ 1. Mean (standard deviation) global PBI score was 2.8 (1.2). Higher achievement of global PBI score ≥ 3 was observed in patients with no prior treatments (61.1% (22/36)) or prior phototherapy (64.6% (42/65)) versus prior conventional systemic (54.4% (100/184)) or biologic (38.6% (17/44)) treatment. Strong correlations were observed between the global PBI score and the TSQM-9 global satisfaction and effectiveness subscale scores. CONCLUSION Patients continuing apremilast for 6 (± 1) months in APPRECIATE reported patient-relevant treatment benefits. Findings suggest that receiving apremilast earlier versus later in treatment management is consistent with greater improvements in patient-relevant treatment outcomes.
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Liang J, Zhuang R, Sun X, Zhang F, Zou B. Apremilast mitigates interleukin (IL)-13-induced inflammatory response and mucin production in human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs). Bioengineered 2021; 12:8583-8593. [PMID: 34607526 PMCID: PMC8806939 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1987818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-13-associated inflammatory response is important for the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR). Apremilast is a phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor approved for psoriasis treatment. Here, we investigated the potential effects of Apremilast against IL-13-induced injury in human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs). Firstly, Apremilast ameliorated oxidative stress in IL-13-challenged cells by decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the production of malondialdehyde (MDA). Secondly, Apremilast inhibited the expressions of IL-6 and IL-8. Moreover, Apremilast inhibited the expressions of the chemokines colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) and chemokine ligand 11 (CCL11). Interestingly, exposure to IL-13 increased the expressions of mucin 4 and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), which was ameliorated by treatment with Apremilast. Interestingly, we found that Apremilast inhibited the phosphorylation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK). Importantly, Apremilast reduced the levels of c-fos and c-Jun, the two AP-1 subfamilies. The luciferase reporter assay demonstrates that Apremilast reduced the transcriptional activity of activator protein 1 (AP-1). Lastly, we found that Apremilast prevented the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) by decreasing the levels of nuclear NF-κB p65 and the luciferase activity of the NF-κB reporter. In summary, we conclude that Apremilast possesses a protective effect against IL-13-induced inflammatory response and mucin production in hNECs by inhibiting the activity of AP-1 and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - RuoXiao Zhuang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - XueYao Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Bin Zou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
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Zhang Q, Li A, Yan Y, Wu Y, Zhang X. Systematic thermodynamic analysis of apremilast polymorphs via solubility measurement with modeling: Mechanism evaluation through molecular simulation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 165:105958. [PMID: 34314840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The polymorphism of apremilast has been investigated. Two polymorphs have been identified and characterized by differential scanning calorimeter, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffractometer. Solubilities of apremilast forms B and E in three binary solvents of methanol-water, acetonitrile-water, and acetonitrile-methanol have been measured using the static method at a temperature ranging from 288.15 K to 328.15 K under standard atmospheric pressure. Subsequently, the solubility data have been analyzed using the Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC thermodynamic models, respectively. Furthermore, the Gibbs energy of solution and the radial distribution function have been calculated using the molecular simulation method to evaluate the dissolution mechanism. The Gibbs energy of solution reveals that the rank of solute-solvent interaction correlated well with solubility order in binary solvent mixtures, and the radial distribution function indicates that weakening of solvent-solvent interaction led to an increase in solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yizhen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yanyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Romani M, Biela G, Farr K, Lazar R, Duval M, Trovillion V, Vlahovic TC. Plantar Psoriasis: A Review of the Literature. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 2021; 38:541-552. [PMID: 34538432 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Plantar psoriasis negatively affects the quality of life for patients due to its weight-bearing location. Most therapeutic studies for psoriasis focus on total body surface changes and rarely report specific effects of the plantar and palmar areas. This review focuses on therapeutic options for plantar psoriasis ranging from topical therapy to phototherapy to biological therapy. Treatment should be approached as a stepwise gradient beginning with topicals and progressing to systemics. As always, review of the patient's severity of condition, health status, and impact on quality of life is needed to individualize therapy for the best patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Romani
- Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, 148 North 8th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Garrett Biela
- Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, 148 North 8th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Kalen Farr
- Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, 148 North 8th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Ryan Lazar
- Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, 148 North 8th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Marcus Duval
- Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, 148 North 8th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Victoria Trovillion
- Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, 148 North 8th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Tracey C Vlahovic
- Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, 148 North 8th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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Uchida H, Kamata M, Shimizu T, Egawa S, Ito M, Takeshima R, Mizukawa I, Watanabe A, Tada Y. Apremilast downregulates interleukin-17 production and induces splenic regulatory B cells and regulatory T cells in imiquimod-induced psoriasiform dermatitis. J Dermatol Sci 2021; 104:55-62. [PMID: 34548208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apremilast, a selective inhibitor of the enzyme phosphodiesterase 4, is efficacious for psoriasis. However, detailed in vivo effects of apremilast on psoriasis remain to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE To examine the in vivo effects of apremilast on psoriasis. METHODS Psoriasiform dermatitis was induced by applying imiquimod (IMQ) on the murine shaved back skin for six days. Mice were treated with apremilast or vehicle intraperitoneally daily. RESULTS Apremilast alleviated IMQ-induced psoriasiform dermatitis clinically and pathologically on days 3-6 by reducing infiltration of antigen-presenting cells and interleukin (IL)-17A-positive cells and increasing infiltration of Foxp3-postive cells into the skin on day 6, although a significant increase in IL-10 mRNA level was not observed on day 2. In addition, mRNA expression of IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22 was lower in the skin of IMQ-applied mice treated with apremilast than in those without apremilast on day 2, and apremilast inhibited infiltration of IL-17A-producing γδ T cells into the dermis on day 6. Furthermore, apremilast induced regulatory T cells and regulatory B cells in the spleen but not in the draining lymph nodes. CONCLUSION Apremilast downregulated IL-17 production and induced splenic regulatory B cells and regulatory T cells in an IMQ-induced psoriasiform dermatitis mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Uchida
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kamata
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Teruo Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shota Egawa
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takeshima
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Itsumi Mizukawa
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayu Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yayoi Tada
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Mease PJ, Gladman DD, Kavanaugh A, McGonagle D, Nash P, Guerette B, Nakasato P, Brunori M, Teng L, McInnes IB. Articular and Extra-Articular Benefits in ACR20 Non-responders at Week 104 Treated With Apremilast: Pooled Analysis of Three Randomized Controlled Trials. Rheumatol Ther 2021; 8:1677-1691. [PMID: 34536218 PMCID: PMC8572179 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-021-00369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction PALACE 1, 2, and 3 were phase 3 studies aimed to evaluate apremilast efficacy and safety in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA) despite prior treatment with conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and/or biologics. The pooled analysis reported here further characterized the clinical outcomes associated with long-term apremilast exposure in patients failing to achieve ≥ 20% improvement in the American College of Rheumatology response criteria (ACR20) at Week 104. Methods Patients randomized to apremilast 30 mg twice daily at baseline and classified as ACR20 non-responders (ACR20NRs) or ACR20 responders (ACR20Rs) at Week 104 were included. Efficacy outcomes included change from baseline to Week 104 in ACR core components and other endpoints. Results At Week 104, a total of 109 patients were ACR20NRs and 193 were ACR20Rs. As expected, the ACR20R group had improvements in all indices assessed. The ACR20NR group demonstrated substantial mean improvements from baseline in swollen joint count (SJC; − 58%), tender joint count (TJC; − 42%), and Physician’s Global Assessment of Disease Activity (PhGA; − 44%); resolution of enthesitis (34%) and dactylitis (68%); and achievement of ≥ 75% reduction from baseline Psoriasis Area and Severity Index scores (among patients with psoriasis involving ≥ 3% of the body surface area) (36%). Conclusion Despite not fulfilling a formal ACR20 response at Week 104, ACR20NRs experienced sustained improvements in several PsA core domains, including SJC, TJC, enthesitis, dactylitis, and psoriasis, as well as the PhGA (visual analog scale) scores, with apremilast treatment. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01172938, NCT01212757, and NCT01212770.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Mease
- Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Seattle Rheumatology Associates, 601 Broadway, Suite 600, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA.
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arthur Kavanaugh
- University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Nash
- Griffith University School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Iain B McInnes
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Takeno M, Dobashi H, Tanaka Y, Kono H, Sugii S, Kishimoto M, Cheng S, McCue S, Paris M, Chen M, Ishigatsubo Y. Apremilast in a Japanese subgroup with Behçet's syndrome: Results from a Phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Mod Rheumatol 2021; 32:413-421. [PMID: 34894266 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Apremilast efficacy and safety was assessed in a prespecified subgroup of Japanese patients with oral ulcers associated with Behçet's syndrome from a Phase 3 randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of apremilast (RELIEF). METHODS The primary end point was area under the curve for number of oral ulcers during the 12-week placebo-controlled phase (AUCWk0-12). Key secondary end points were change from baseline in oral ulcer pain, complete oral ulcer resolution, and measures of disease activity and quality of life (QoL). RESULTS Thirty-nine Japanese patients were randomised (apremilast 30 mg BID: n = 19; placebo: n = 20). Improvements at Week 12 were observed for apremilast vs. placebo in AUCWk0-12 for the number of oral ulcers (115.9 vs. 253.3; nominal P = 0.0168); 57.9% vs. 25.0% achieved complete oral ulcer resolution, 47.4% vs. 0.0% achieved oral ulcer resolution by Week 6 and maintained oral ulcer-free status for ≥6 additional weeks; mean change from baseline in BSAS was -10.5 vs. 0.5. Favourable effects were observed for apremilast vs. placebo in other secondary end points, including QoL. Clinical benefits were sustained over 28 weeks of continued apremilast treatment. Adverse events were consistent with apremilast's known safety profile. CONCLUSIONS Apremilast reduced the number of oral ulcers and overall disease activity in this Japanese subgroup with Behçet's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Takeno
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Nippon Medical School, Musashi Kosugi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Dobashi
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | | | - Hajime Kono
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shouji Sugii
- Department of Rheumatic Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Kishimoto
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shannon McCue
- Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ, USA.,The First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | | | | | - Yoshiaki Ishigatsubo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Skin tissue is the natural barrier that protects our body, the damage of which can be repaired by the epidermal stem cells (ESCs). However, external factors abolish the self-repair ability of ESCs by inducing oxidative stress and severe inflammation. Apremilast is a small molecular inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 that was approved for the treatment of psoriasis. In the present study, the protective property of Apremilast against IL-1α-induced dysfunction on epidermal stem cells, as well as the preliminary mechanism, will be investigated. METHODS ESCs were isolated from neonatal mice. The expression levels of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-12, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were detected using real-time PCR and ELISA. MitoSOX Red assay was used to determine the level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Western blot and real-time PCR were utilized to determine the expression levels of IL-1R1, Myd88, and TRAF6. Activation of NF-κB was assessed by measuring the p-NF-κB p65 and luciferase activity. Capacities of ESCs were evaluated by measuring the gene expressions of integrin β1 and Krt19 using real-time PCR. RESULTS Firstly, the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-12, MMP-2, MMP-9 and IL-1R1, as well as the ROS level, were significantly elevated by IL-1α but greatly suppressed by treatment with Apremilast. Subsequently, we found that the activated Myd88/TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway induced by stimulation with IL-1α was significantly inhibited by the introduction of Apremilast. As a result, Apremilast protected ESCs against IL-1α-induced impairment in capacities of ESCs, this was verified by the elevated expression levels of integrin β1 and Krt19. CONCLUSIONS Apremilast might ameliorate IL-1α-induced dysfunction in ESCs by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation through inhibiting the activation of the Myd88/TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Jia
- Department of Dermatology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Xiangru Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Dermatology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
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