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Sumithrarachchi S, Athukorala I, Rumy F, Jayasinghe R. Prevalence of tobacco and areca-nut use among patients attending dental teaching hospital in the central province of Sri Lanka and its association with oral mucosal lesions; a cross sectional study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2024; 14:39-43. [PMID: 38179108 PMCID: PMC10764264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tobacco and areca-nut are risk factors for oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders. Oral cancer is ranked as the commonest among males in Sri Lanka (18.4 %). This research aims to determine the prevalence of tobacco and areca-nut use and its association with oral lesions. Method It is a cross-sectional study using 368 patients attending the Dental Diagnostic Clinic. Details of tobacco and areca-nut use were collected and participants were examined for mucosal lesions. Results It revealed that 23.9 % had tobacco use. Out of these, 41.1 %, 22.2 % and 36.7 % had smokeless-tobacco use, smoking and both, respectively. Similarly, 25.3 % had areca-nut/betel-quid use and majority (72.8 %) added tobacco to it. Tobacco (93.2 %) and areca-nut (79.6 %) use was higher among males (p < 0.05). Significant associations of areca-nut use with age (p = 0.001) and education level (p = 0.025) were noted. Oral lesions like de-pigmentation, white patches, ulcers, growths and oral sub-mucous fibrosis (OSF) had prevalences of 2.4 % each. Prevalence of pigmentation, lobulated tongue and erosive lesions was 10.6 %, 4.6 % and 1.4 %, respectively. 32.6 % had abnormalities like linea-alba, periodontal problems, pericoronitis and hairy tongue. The study revealed that >90 % of those who used tobacco and areca-nut had oral lesions (p < 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of tobacco and areca-nut use is high among patients attending the Dental Teaching Hospital, and its association with mucosal lesions is significant. Hence regular awareness programs on the adverse effects of tobacco and areca-nut use should be carried out at the Diagnostic clinic as a preventive measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumali Sumithrarachchi
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Isuru Athukorala
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Fazly Rumy
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Ruwan Jayasinghe
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer and Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
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He XF, Wang H, Tian Y, Zhang T, Qiu ZP, Cui XJ, Zhou JS, Yan XL, Wu YW, Pan YS, Ning YB, Chen L, Zhang KL, Zhao WH, Sharma D, Tan XD, Zhang MB. Evaluation of Copper Levels in Dental Calculus of OSF Patients with Chewing Dried Areca-Nut Quids in Hunan Province of Mainland China. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:677-682. [PMID: 35332437 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03210-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Dental calculus is a potential material that can be used for assessing chronic exposure to trace heavy metals in oral cavity as it is a long-term reservoir. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between dental calculus copper levels and risk of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) due to chewing dried areca-nut quids in Mainland China. This study included 34 OSF (grade 1) sufferers with dried areca-nut quids chewing as the patient group and 23 healthy individuals without areca-nut chewing as the control group. The dental calculus sample was obtained from all 57 participants and evaluated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for dental calculus level of copper. This work revealed that the mean copper level of dental calculus was significantly higher in OSF (grade 1) sufferers with areca-nut chewing than those in healthy individuals without areca-nut chewing (p < 0.001). This work provided an evidence to support that there may be a positive correlation between elevated levels of copper in dental calculus caused by chewing dried areca-nut quids and an increased risk of developing OSF in Mainland China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Fan He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Changsha Institute for Food and Drug Control & National Alcohol Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Tian
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Te Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Peng Qiu
- Changsha Institute for Food and Drug Control & National Alcohol Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Cui
- Changsha Institute for Food and Drug Control & National Alcohol Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Sha Zhou
- Changsha Institute for Food and Drug Control & National Alcohol Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Lan Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wei Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Sha Pan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Bo Ning
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun-Lun Zhang
- Hanwoo DNA Solutions Co., Ltd, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Hao Zhao
- Hanwoo DNA Solutions Co., Ltd, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - David Sharma
- Hanwoo DNA Solutions Co., Ltd, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dan Tan
- Hanwoo DNA Solutions Co., Ltd, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Legal Forensic Center, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael Bo Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Hanwoo DNA Solutions Co., Ltd, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
- Hunan Legal Forensic Center, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
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Kumar S, Mehrotra D, Mishra S, Goel MM, Kumar S, Mathur P, Choudhary K, Pandey CM. Epidemiology of substance abuse in the population of Lucknow. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2015; 5:128-33. [PMID: 26587377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Habit of consuming tobacco and areca-nut containing substances is in vogue in Lucknow as a part of the Nawabi culture. Hence, this study was planned with an aim to generate evidence for the prevalence of habits of substance abuse by the population of Lucknow and know their socio-demographic profile. METHODOLOGY Population based cross-sectional study was conducted by organizing oral health check-up camps in randomly selected rural and urban parts of Lucknow, the capital city of Uttar Pradesh, which is the most populated state of India. Patients were enrolled after obtaining informed consent. A structured and validated questionnaire based tool was administered by a team of trained dental surgeons for collecting the desired information through interview and their oral cavity examination. RESULTS A total of 3437 subjects were enrolled in the study, out of which 82.9% were male and 17.1% were female. Among them, 64.6% subjects belonged to rural domiciliary status, by religion, 80.6% and 18.5% of the subjects were Hindu and Muslims respectively. The most prevalent habit was consumption of smokeless tobacco substances, of which pan masala with tobacco (gutkha) was the most prevalent substance of abuse. CONCLUSION Smokeless tobacco consumption was highly prevalent in the population surveyed. It is recommended to formulate and implement strong preventive strategies. Also, steps should be taken to increase the awareness of the harmful consequences of these habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Divya Mehrotra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Shambhavi Mishra
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - M M Goel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | | | | | - C M Pandey
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Arakeri G, Brennan PA. Oral submucous fibrosis: an overview of the aetiology, pathogenesis, classification, and principles of management. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013;51:587-593. [PMID: 23107623 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a complex, debilitating, and precancerous condition. Formerly confined to the Indian subcontinent, it is now often seen in the Asian populations of the United Kingdom, USA, and other developed countries, and is therefore a serious problem for global health. The well-known causative agent of the disease, areca-nut is now recognised as a group one carcinogen. We review and discuss all components of OSMF, including the terminology, presentation, aetiology, and pathogenesis, and provide a brief overview of its management.
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