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Lee EJ, Kim SJ. Prevalence and Related Factors of Depression Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings From the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e74. [PMID: 36918028 PMCID: PMC10010913 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has greatly altered the daily lives of people in unprecedented ways, causing a variety of mental health problems. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depression among Korean adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and explore the factors associated with depressive mood using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES). METHODS We analyzed participants aged ≥ 19 years from KNHANES 2018 (n = 5,837) and 2020 (n = 5,265) to measure and compare the prevalence of depression before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Depression was defined as a score ≥ 10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Furthermore, we performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to investigate the independent predictors of depressive mood during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS The prevalence of depression was notably higher during the COVID-19 pandemic than in the pre-pandemic period (5.2% vs. 4.3%, P = 0.043). In a multivariate model, female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-2.41), age < 50 years (19-29 years: aOR, 7.31; 95% CI, 2.40-22.21; 30-39 years: aOR, 7.38; 95% CI, 2.66-20.47; 40-49 years: aOR, 4.94; 95% CI, 1.84-13.31 compared to ≥ 80 years), unemployment (aOR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.41-2.85), upper-middle class household income (aOR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.18-2.85 compared to upper-class income), being a beneficiary of Medicaid (aOR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.33-4.14), poor self-rated health (aOR, 4.99; 95% CI, 1.51-3.47 compared to good self-rated health), and current smoking (aOR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.51-3.47) were found to be significant risk factors for depression during the pandemic. CONCLUSION Depression was significantly more prevalent among Korean adults during the COVID-19 pandemic than in the pre-pandemic era. Therefore, more attention should be paid to individuals vulnerable to depression during pandemics. Implementing psychological support public policies and developing interventions to prevent the adverse outcomes of COVID-19-related depression should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eung-Joon Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Instituite of Public Health and Medical Care, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Jae Kim
- International Healthcare Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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Bahati R, Ashaba S, Sigmund CD, Rukundo GZ, Ainamani HE. Gender differences in substance use and associated factors among urban refugees in Uganda. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2023; 14:2238583. [PMID: 37534475 PMCID: PMC10402830 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2238583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol and other substances use related problems among refugees is a global public health concern. Although there is substantial research on the use of alcohol and other substances among the refugees, little is known about gender and other factors that might be associated with the use of alcohol and other substances. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of alcohol and substance use across gender and other specific associated factors among urban refugees living in Mbarara city, Southwestern Uganda. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 343 refugees were interviewed on the use of alcohol and other substances using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test and the Drug Abuse Screening Test. The associated factors included, age, marital status, occupation, duration (length of stay) in Uganda, educational levels, stigma and depression. Linear regression analysis was used to examine the associations between the predictor and outcome variables. RESULTS No significant gender difference in alcohol use was found, and the overall prevalence of hazardous, harmful or dependent alcohol use among our sample of refugees living in Mbarara city was 43%. There were however, statistically significant gender differences in the use of other substances, with a significantly higher percentage of men than women reporting intermediate, substantial, or severe substance use (45% among men, 37% among women). Higher levels of depression and being separated from one's spouse were associated with higher levels of alcohol and substance use. In addition, higher age and being male were associated with the use of substances other than alcohol. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate a high prevalence of problematic alcohol and substance use among both male and female refugees. Clinical interventions focused on the treatment and prevention of alcohol and substance use among the refugee communities may benefit from focusing on depressive symptoms as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Bahati
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
- Department of Public Health and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Bishop Stuart University, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Scholastic Ashaba
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Cathy Denise Sigmund
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
- Crown College, St. Bonifacius, MN, USA
| | - Godfrey Zari Rukundo
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Herbert Elvis Ainamani
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
- Department of Public Health and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Bishop Stuart University, Mbarara, Uganda
- Department of Mental Health, School of Medicine, Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda
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Mohammad-Rabei H, Ramin S, Lotfi S, Sabbaghi H, Karimian F, Abdi S, Hasan Shahriari M, Kheiri B, Sheibani K, Ali Javadi M. Risk Factors Associated with Keratoconus in an Iranian Population. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2023; 18:15-23. [PMID: 36937196 PMCID: PMC10020793 DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v18i1.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine associated factors for keratoconus (KCN) in the Iranian population. Methods In this retrospective case-control study, 100 KCN patients and 200 age- and sex-matched individuals, who were either candidates for photorefractive keratectomy or healthy referrals from the Torfeh Eye Hospital, were included as the case and control groups, respectively. KCN patients were all registered at the Iranian National Registry of Keratoconus (KCNRegⓇ). Demographic characteristics, patients' symptoms and their habits, as well as systemic and ocular disorders were documented. Clinical examinations included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and refractive error measurements, biomicroscopic examination, and corneal imaging. Results In this case group, the frequency of mild, moderate, and severe KCN was 38%, 28%, and 34%, respectively. Parental consanguinity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.758, P = 0.029), positive familial history in patients' first degree (OR = 12.533, P < 0.001) and second degree (OR = 7.52, P < 0.001) relatives, vernal keratoconjunctivitis (OR = 7.510, P = 0.003), severe eye rubbing (OR = 10.625, P < 0.001), and systemic diseases including migraine, hypertension, and thyroid disease (OR = 6.828, P = 0.021) were found as associated factors for KCN. Lesser frequency of KCN was observed in patients with Fars ethnicity (OR = 0.583, P = 0.042), with higher levels of wealth indices (OR = 0.31, P < 0.001) and higher levels of education (OR = 0.18, P = 0.024). Conclusion Severe eye rubbing, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, parental consanguinity and positive familial history of KCN, low socioeconomic status, and low levels of education were significantly associated with KCN in our study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mohammad-Rabei
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Torfeh Eye Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Ramin
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Lotfi
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Sabbaghi
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Karimian
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Abdi
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Shahriari
- Department of Health Information, Technology and Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Kheiri
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Javadi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sabbaghi H, Kalantarion M, Yaseri M, Kheiri B, Rajavi Z, Safi S. Job Satisfaction among Ophthalmologists in Iran. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2022; 17:543-550. [PMID: 36620700 PMCID: PMC9806305 DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To estimate the level of job satisfaction among ophthalmologists in Iran and determine the associated factors that may impact their overall job satisfaction. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 181 ophthalmologists (79.0% male) were interviewed by the Warr-Cook-Wall questionnaire with 7-point-Likert scale, which transformed responses from a 0 (most dissatisfied) to 100 (most satisfied). Questionnaires were randomly distributed among registered ophthalmologists at the 29 t h Annual Congress of the Iranian Society of Ophthalmology in November 2019. Satisfaction under each scale was considered as a score of > 60% of the total score. Results A total of 181 ophthalmologists with a mean age of 47.8 ± 12.1 years and 16 ± 12 years of practice participated in the present study. They were mostly satisfied with their job as a whole (88.1%, mean score: 60.6 ± 20.7) and dissatisfied with their income (55.9%, mean score: 47.6 ± 20.3). High levels of job satisfaction was found among ophthalmologists with longer duration of practice (P < 0.001) while lower levels of satisfaction were identified among those who worked in academic centers (P = 0.004). Conclusion In this study,high levels of job satisfaction were found among ophthalmologists with longer duration of practice while low levels of satisfaction were identified among ophthalmologists who worked in academic centers. The factors of salary and working hours accounted for the least levels of job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Sabbaghi
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masomeh Kalantarion
- Department of Medical Education, Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Kheiri
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zhale Rajavi
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Negah Specialty Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sare Safi
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abdisa L, Girma S, Lami M, Hiko A, Yadeta E, Geneti Y, Balcha T, Assefa N, Letta S. Uncontrolled hypertension and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients on follow-up at public hospitals, Eastern Ethiopia: A multicenter study. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221104442. [PMID: 35769491 PMCID: PMC9234929 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221104442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of uncontrolled
hypertension and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients on
follow-up at public hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 415 hypertensive
patients in Eastern Ethiopia from June 15 to July 15, 2021. A systematic
random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data
were collected through face-to-face interviews and reviewing patients’
charts. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were
performed to identify factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension. Results: This study revealed that magnitude of uncontrolled hypertension was 48% (95%
confidence interval = 43.1%−52.8%). Being male (adjusted odds ratio = 2.05,
95% confidence interval = 1.29–3.26), age ⩾55 years (adjusted odds
ratio = 3.16, 95% confidence interval = 1.96–5.08), non-adherence to
medication (adjusted odds ratio = 1.83, 95% confidence
interval = 1.14–2.94), low diet quality (adjusted odds ratio = 4.04, 95%
confidence interval = 2.44–8.44), physically inactive (adjusted odds
ratio = 3.20, 95% confidence interval = 1.84–5.56), and having comorbidity
(adjusted odds ratio = 3.04, 95% confidence interval = 1.90–4.85) were
significantly associated with uncontrolled hypertension. Conclusions: In our sample of hypertensive patients on follow-up at public hospitals in
Eastern Ethiopia, half had uncontrolled hypertension. Older age, male sex,
non-adherence to antihypertensive medication, low diet quality, physically
inactive, and having comorbidity were found to be predictors of uncontrolled
hypertension. Therefore, sustained health education on self-care practices
with special emphasis on older, males, and patients with comorbid
conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemesa Abdisa
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
| | - Sagni Girma
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
| | - Magarsa Lami
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
| | - Ahmed Hiko
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
| | - Elias Yadeta
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
| | - Yomilan Geneti
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Tegenu Balcha
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Assefa
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
| | - Shiferaw Letta
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
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Cordero-Guevara JA, Parraza-Díez N, Vrotsou K, Machón M, Orruño E, Onaindia-Ecenarro MJ, Millet-Sampedro M, Regalado de Los Cobos J. Factors associated with the workload of health professionals in hospital at home: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:704. [PMID: 35619075 PMCID: PMC9134652 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the factors related to workload, could help hospital at home (HaH) managers to make decisions on the most appropriate and efficient use of the HaH services. Published studies on this topic are scarce, so we have conducted a systematic review to identify such factors according to published evidence. METHODS Due to the heterogeneity of HaH models, HaH was defined as a care that provides a set of medical and nursing care and attention of hospital rank to patients at home, when they no longer require hospital infrastructure but still need active monitoring and complex care. The electronic data base literature search was conducted in MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), and Cinahl (EBSCOhost) from inception to December 2021, including grey literature. Search terms related to `hospital at home´, `workload´ and `care time´ were used. There was no restriction on language, type of study or year of publication. Quality of included studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist and certainty in the body of evidence was assessed using the GRADE Pro Tool. Results were summarised in a tabulated format. RESULTS Eighteen studies with 56,706 patients were included. Workload was measured as time, number of visits or both. The predictive factors of the workload included variables related to patient characteristics and other valid and reliable patient classification systems, as well as characteristics of the institutions where the studies were conducted. The factors associated with higher workloads were: being older, male, living in a rural environment, presenting a higher number of diagnoses, having worse functional status and being unable to assume self-care. CONCLUSIONS The identified predictors of workload are mostly associated with home nursing care. The results could be useful and applicable to different organisational models of HaH health systems. More studies that include physicians and proxy measures of workload are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Cordero-Guevara
- Epidemiology and Public Health Group, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, C/ Isabel Orbe s/n., 01002, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba/Álava, Spain
| | - Naiara Parraza-Díez
- Epidemiology and Public Health Group, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, C/ Isabel Orbe s/n., 01002, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba/Álava, Spain.
- REDISSEC, Health Services Research On Chronic Patients Network, Madrid, Spain.
- Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Kalliopi Vrotsou
- REDISSEC, Health Services Research On Chronic Patients Network, Madrid, Spain
- Primary Care Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Mónica Machón
- REDISSEC, Health Services Research On Chronic Patients Network, Madrid, Spain
- Primary Care Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Estibalitz Orruño
- Epidemiology and Public Health Group, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, C/ Isabel Orbe s/n., 01002, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba/Álava, Spain
| | - Miren J Onaindia-Ecenarro
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Galdakao University Hospital, Home Hospitalisation Unit, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Manuel Millet-Sampedro
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Bidasoa Hospital, Home Hospitalisation Unit, Hondarribia, Spain
| | - José Regalado de Los Cobos
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, Home Hospitalisation Unit, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Gemeda ST, Woldemariam ZB. Assessment of self-care practice amongst patients with type II diabetes attending Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:132. [PMID: 35578229 PMCID: PMC9112547 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01049-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is almost no published data on the assessment of self-management practice among adult type II diabetes patients in Ethiopia. Hence, we aim to assess the level of self-management practice for people with type II diabetes patients attending Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia. METHOD The study was conducted from April 1 to August 30, 2021 in type II diabetes mellitus patients at Adama Hospital Medical College. The survey was performed using the diabetes mellitus self-Management questionnaire, which consists of four domains Physical activity, Physician contact, Medication adherence, glucose management and dietary management of the patients. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0. Descriptive statistics was performed. Fisher's Exact Test was used to determine the presence of association between adherence to self-care behavior and other variables. P-value less than 0.05 determines statistical significance. RESULT Majority (63.4%) of respondents do not perform self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Out of a total of 93 participants, 48 (51.6%) respondents adhered to insulin therapy. Sixty-two (66.7%) adhered to recommended diet management practice, 57 (61.3%) did not adhere to physical activity recommendations and 59 (63.5%) participants adhered to overall self-care practice (DMSQ). CONCLUSION Although the importance of self-care practices in the management of diabetes were recognized to be useful and effective for achieving glycemic control and preventing serious diabetes complications, our study found that most patients had not adhered to self-care practice especially in terms of SMBG and physical activity. Overall (DSMQ) adherence to self-care practice was optimal amongst type II diabetes patients in AHMC Chronic care unit.
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Tarekegn BT, Assimamaw NT, Atalell KA, Kassa SF, Muhye AB, Techane MA, Alemu TG, Wubneh CA, Belay GM, Tamir TT, Kassie DG, Wondim A, Terefe B, Ali MS, Fentie B, Gonete AT, Tekeba B, Desta BK, Dessie MT, Ayele AD. Prevalence and associated factors of double and triple burden of malnutrition among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia: Spatial and survey regression analysis. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:34. [PMID: 35449087 PMCID: PMC9027462 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00528-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence on double and triple burdens of malnutrition at household level among child-mother pairs is a key towards addressing the problem of malnutrition. In Ethiopia, studies on double and triple burdens of malnutrition are scarce. Even though there is a study on double burden of malnutrition at national level in Ethiopia, it doesn’t assess the triple burdens at all and a few forms of double burden of malnutrition. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of double and triple burdens of malnutrition among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia. Methods A total sample of 7,624 child-mother pairs from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) 2016 were included in the study. All analysis were performed considering complex sampling design. Anthropometric measures and hemoglobin levels of children, as well as anthropometric measurements of their mothers, were used to calculate double burden of malnutrition (DBM) and triple burden of malnutrition (TBM). Spatial analysis was applied to detect geographic variation of prevalence of double and triple burdens of malnutrition among EDHS 2016 clusters. Bivariable and multivariable binary survey logistic regression models were used to assess the factors associated with DBM and TBM. Results The overall weighted prevalence of DBM and TBM respectively were 1.8% (95%CI: 1.38–2.24) and 1.2% (95%CI: 0.83–1.57) among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia. Significant clusters of high prevalence of DBM and TBM were identified. In the adjusted multivariable binary survey logistic regression models, middle household economic status [AOR = 0.23, 95%CI: 0.06, 0.89] as compared to the poor, average birth weight [AOR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.09, 0.80] as compared to large birth weight and children aged 24–35 months [AOR = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.04,0.95] as compared to 6–12 months were less likely to experience DBM. Average birth weight [AOR = 0.20, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.91] as compared to large birth weight and time to water source <=30 min [AOR = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.19,0.89] as compared to on premise were less likely to experience TBM. Conclusion There is low prevalence of DBM and TBM among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia. Interventions tailored on geographic areas, wealth index, birth weight and child birth could help to control the emerging DBM and TBM at household level among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethelihem Tigabu Tarekegn
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Nega Tezera Assimamaw
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kendalem Asmare Atalell
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Selam Fisiha Kassa
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Addis Bilal Muhye
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Masresha Asmare Techane
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tewodros Getaneh Alemu
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Chalachew Adugna Wubneh
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Getaneh Mulualem Belay
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Tarik Tamir
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Destaye Guadie Kassie
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Wondim
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Bewuketu Terefe
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Seid Ali
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Beletech Fentie
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Almaz Tefera Gonete
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Berhan Tekeba
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Bogale Kassahun Desta
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Melkamu Tilahun Dessie
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Demsie Ayele
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Yitbarek GY, Addis WD, Dagnaw FT, Ayehu GW, Melese BD, Amare TJ, Mulu AT, Bayih WA, Ashagrie BK, Zewde EA, Munye T, Chanie ES, Ebabu W, Alemayehu SA, Arage G, Teshome AA. Magnitude of Peripheral Sensory Neuropathy and Associated Factors Among HIV/AIDS Clients Receiving Care at Public Health Institutions, Northwest Ethiopia. Mol Pain 2022; 18:17448069221089593. [PMID: 35266800 PMCID: PMC9016588 DOI: 10.1177/17448069221089593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In the mid-1990s, the development of combination antiretroviral
therapy converted HIV infection into a chronic condition, with newly diagnosed
patients now living longer than the general population. HIV affects both the
central and peripheral nerve systems, resulting in a variety of clinical
problems, including peripheral neuropathy, which is a common neurological
consequence. Despite this, there is a scarcity of data on the extent of
peripheral sensory neuropathy and its underlying factors in Ethiopia,
necessitating this study. Objective: The primary goal of this study is to assess
the degree of peripheral sensory neuropathy and its related factors among
HIV/AIDS clients on follow up at public health institutions in Northwest
Ethiopia. Methodology: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted
from November 1 to 30 December 2020 at selected south Gondar zone public health
institutions ART clinic. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the
study participants. Standardized Questioner adapted from other study was used to
collect the data. Moreover, Brief Peripheral Neuropathy Screening tool (BPNS)
was used to assess peripheral sensory neuropathy. The data were entered with
epi-data manager version 4.4 and analyzed using STATA version 16. Result: A
total of 555 adult PLWHIV agreed to participate in the study, resulting in a
response rate of 96.8%. The prevalence of Peripheral sensory neuropathy was
32.25, 95% CI (28.28, 36.26). The participant’s age, DM comorbidity, viral load
level, and disease clinical stage were all found to have a statistically
significant association with peripheral sensory neuropathy. Conclusion:
Peripheral sensory neuropathy was incredibly common. Accordingly, peripheral
sensory neuropathy was found considerably associated with age, viral load level,
stage of the disease, and DM comorbidity. It is vital to integrate routine
peripheral sensory neuropathy screening strategies for clients who are on ART
follow up for prevention and early identification of the problem.
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Dhakal A, K C T, Neupane M. Adherence to lifestyle modifications and its associated factors in hypertensive patients. J Clin Nurs 2021; 31:2181-2188. [PMID: 34498336 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To find out the adherence to lifestyle modifications and its associated factors in hypertensive patients. BACKGROUND Low adherence to lifestyle modifications leads to poor therapeutic effectiveness, decreased quality of life, poor health outcomes and increased health care costs. Various factors play an important role in determining the adherence level varying among the different cultural, social and national contexts. DESIGN A cross-sectional analytical research design was carried out. METHODS Information from 264 patients with hypertension was collected at the Outpatient Department of Manmohan Cardiothoracic, Vascular and Transplant Center, Kathmandu. A standard tool of WHO Steps Survey Questionnaire and Hypertension Fact Questionnaire was used for data collection. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used for analysis using SPSS 16. RESULT The overall adherence to lifestyle modifications was determined as 20.8% with the adherence rate being lowest up to 30.3% for adequate intake of fruits and vegetables. Likewise, 52.5% of patients had average knowledge of hypertension management. Age (p = .021), education (p = .001), occupation(p = .026), household income (p = .007) and family history(p = .011) had statistically significant association with the level of adherence. Younger age (AOR = 1.85 CI = 0.79-4.33) remained as the independent predictor of high adherence to lifestyle modifications. The study followed the STROBE checklist for reporting cross-sectional study. CONCLUSION This study identified that adherence to lifestyle modification is low in older patients. More effective lifestyle modification counselling and educational approaches focusing on the older age groups as well as considering educational level, occupation, family income and family history of hypertension are required to improve their level of adherence. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Nurses are frequently acquainted with the hypertensive patients in hospitals where they need to provide health teaching on lifestyle modifications. This study identifies the factors that need to be considered while counselling the hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Dhakal
- Institute of Medicine, Pokhara Nursing Campus, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Takma K C
- Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj Nursing Campus, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj, Nepal
| | - Mahesh Neupane
- Government of Nepal, Federal Water Supply and Sewerage Management Project, Jumla, Nepal
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11
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Ehsanbakhsh A, Azarkar G, Ziaee M, Taghavieh A. Prevalence of Bone Density Reduction and Its Related Factors in Hemophilia Patients in South Khorasan Province in 2018. Galen Med J 2021; 9:e1711. [PMID: 34466574 PMCID: PMC8344027 DOI: 10.31661/gmj.v9i0.1711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of bone density reduction and its associated factors in hemophilia patients in South Khorasan Province in 2018. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on all patients with hemophilia type A with medical records in Hemophilia center in South Khorasan province. A number of 57 eligible subjects who met the criteria were selected based on census method. Thereafter, 60 non-hemophilic individuals who were similar to hemophilic patients in terms of age and body mass index were selected by convenience sampling method. DXA device was used to measure bone mineral density (BMD) in two locations of femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 19), using Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, and independent t-test. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence rate of bone density reduction in spine bone in hemophilia patients was measured at 31.6% and 13.3% in non-hemophilia subjects (P=0.02); moreover, this rate in hip bone was reported as 7% and 5%, respectively (P=0.65). Relative frequency of bone density reduction in the spine and hip bone was not significantly different among hemophilia patients based on age, severity of hemophilia, vitamin D, hepatitis and smoking (P>0.05). However, a significant difference was detected in terms of body mass index (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, the prevalence of bone density reduction in hemophilic patients was significantly higher, as compared to that of non-hemophilia patients. This necessitates the implementation of drastic preventive measures, prompt diagnosis, timely treatment, and appropriate therapeutic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ehsanbakhsh
- Department of Radiology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ghodsiyeh Azarkar
- Department of Radiology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Correspondence to: Ghodsiyeh Azarkar, Department of Radiology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran Telephone Number: 00989155639854 Email Address:
| | - Masood Ziaee
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ali Taghavieh
- Department of Radiology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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12
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Mose A, Abebe H. Magnitude and associated factors of caesarean section deliveries among women who gave birth in Southwest Ethiopia: institutional-based cross-sectional study. Arch Public Health 2021; 79:158. [PMID: 34470668 PMCID: PMC8411533 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-021-00682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caesarean section is a life-saving comprehensive obstetric procedure of women and newborn performed during childbirth-related complications and should be universally accessible for all pregnant mothers globally. Appropriate use of caesarean section can reduce maternal and perinatal mortality. However, inappropriate use of caesarean section can negatively affect infant health, women health, and future pregnancies. The magnitude and factors associated with caesarean section delivery were not consistent and will vary between different hospitals of Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed at assessing the magnitude and factors associated with caesarean section deliveries in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS AND MATERIALS An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to February 29, 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 551 study participants. A pretested, structured, and face-to-face interview was used to collect data. Data were entered into Epi-data version 4.2.0 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify factors associated with caesarean section deliveries. P values < 0.05 result were considered as a statistically significant association. RESULTS The magnitude of caesarean section deliveries was found to be 32.5 % (95 % CI; 28.6%-36.7 %). Mothers resided in an urban area [AOR = 2.58, (95% CI; 1.66-4.01)], multiple pregnancies [AOR = 3.15, (95% CI; 1.89-5.23), malpresentation [AOR = 3.05, (95% CI; 1.77-5.24)], and previous history of caesarean section [AOR = 3.55, (95% CI; 2.23-5.64) were factors associated with caesarean section deliveries. CONCLUSIONS Caesarean section deliveries were found high in the study area. Mothers resided in an urban area, multiple pregnancies, malpresentation, and previous history of caesarean section were factors associated with caesarean section deliveries. Therefore, counselling of mothers on the risk of giving birth through elective caesarean section without absolute and relative medical indications and giving enough time for the trial of vaginal birth after caesarean section are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayenew Mose
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, P.O.Box; 07, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Haimanot Abebe
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
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13
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Cruz-Bacab LE, Perez-De la Cruz MC, Zaragoza-Vera CV, Zaragoza-Vera M, Arjona-Jimenez G, Lesher-Gordillo JM, Baak-Baak CM, Cigarroa-Toledo N, Machain-Williams CI, Garcia-Rejon JE, Gonzalez-Garduño R, Torres-Chable OM. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Ectoparasite Infestations in Dogs from the State of Tabasco, Mexico. J Parasitol 2021; 107:29-38. [PMID: 33535232 DOI: 10.1645/20-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to identify the ectoparasites that infest owned dogs in the state of Tabasco, Mexico. In total, 1,302 dogs were sampled in the 5 ecological regions of Tabasco. The dog owners were surveyed to identify the factors associated with infestations. Ectoparasites were identified using taxonomic keys. Eleven species of ectoparasites were observed. General prevalence was 26.65%. Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Ctenocephalides felis were the most prevalent and abundant ectoparasites. The most important factors associated with ectoparasite infestations in the studied dogs were living outdoors, being a non-purebred, having short hair, being dark-haired, and having a body condition <3. Ectoparasite studies such as the one presented herein generate important information to create control programs focused on decreasing infestations in companion animals and thus the likelihood of zoonotic transmission of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Eliezer Cruz-Bacab
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Tropicales y Transmitidas por Vectores, División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México ZC 86040
| | - Martha-Carolina Perez-De la Cruz
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Tropicales y Transmitidas por Vectores, División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México ZC 86040
| | - Claudia V Zaragoza-Vera
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Tropicales y Transmitidas por Vectores, División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México ZC 86040
| | - Maritza Zaragoza-Vera
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Tropicales y Transmitidas por Vectores, División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México ZC 86040
| | - Guadalupe Arjona-Jimenez
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Tropicales y Transmitidas por Vectores, División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México ZC 86040
| | - Julia Maria Lesher-Gordillo
- Laboratorio de Genómica, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México ZC 86150
| | - Carlos M Baak-Baak
- Laboratorio de Arbovirología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México ZC 97225
| | - Nohemi Cigarroa-Toledo
- Laboratorio de Arbovirología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México ZC 97225
| | - Carlos I Machain-Williams
- Laboratorio de Arbovirología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México ZC 97225
| | - Julian E Garcia-Rejon
- Laboratorio de Arbovirología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México ZC 97225
| | - Roberto Gonzalez-Garduño
- Unidad Regional Universitaria Sursureste, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 7.5 Carr, Teapa-Vicente Guerrero, Teapa, Tabasco, México ZP 86807
| | - Oswaldo M Torres-Chable
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Tropicales y Transmitidas por Vectores, División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México ZC 86040
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Kaboré A, Bachir GA, Salifou Ibrahim A, Hien H, Yanogo P, Sié MAW, Ouédraogo M, Meda N. [Prevalence and factors associated with missed opportunities for vaccination at Niamey, Niger]. Mali Med 2021; 36:36-40. [PMID: 37973603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM determine the prevalence and factors associated with missed opportunities for vaccination of children 0-23 months old in the health district Niamey 2 (Niger) in 2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS It was a cross - sectional study conducted in the health district of Niamey 2 in 2018. All children aged of 0 - 23 months which had parents aged more than 15 years old, who accepted to answer our questions were included. RESULTS The prevalence of the missed opportunities immunization was 42.8%. Parent's perception on health services, the long waiting time, the refusal of immunization, the date of next appointment were the factors associated with the missed opportunities immunization. CONCLUSION Taking into consideration the results of this study, the missed opportunities immunization remain important public health problems in Niger. Some actions need to be taken to improve the sensitization of communities about children immunization completeness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kaboré
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la santé (UFR/SDS), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Burkina Faso
| | - Gonidit Am Bachir
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Direction de la Surveillance et de Riposte aux Épidémies
| | | | - Hervé Hien
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Institut de recherche en science de la santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Pauline Yanogo
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la santé (UFR/SDS), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Burkina Faso
| | - Moussa Aziz W Sié
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la santé (UFR/SDS), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Nicolas Meda
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la santé (UFR/SDS), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Burkina Faso
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15
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Bazmi E, Alipour A, Yasamy MT, Kheradmand A, Salehpour S, Khodakarim S, Soori H. Job Burnout and Related Factors among Health Sector Employees. Iran J Psychiatry 2019; 14:309-316. [PMID: 32071605 DOI: 10.18502/ijps.v14i4.1982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Job burnout can cause physical and psychological damage and reduce job efficiency, especially in difficult jobs such as health care fields. This study aimed to assess the association between the level of job burnout and some contributing factors among health care providers in Iran. Method : This study was performed on the data derived from 1807 participants from the first phase of the employees' health cohort in 2017-2018. The data were collected using as a self-administrated tool utilizing Maslach Burnout Inventory. The questionnaire scores ranged from never to everyday, with 3 levels of burnout as well as burnout itself; then, the scores were categorized as low, moderate, or high. Ordinal logistic regression model was used to adjust ordinal dependent variables. Results: The mean score of the total burnout was 16.5±7.77 and was associated with work experience and age group (p < 0.001). The components of burnout consisted of emotional exhaustion (8.9± 9.0), depersonalization (23± 2.9), and personal accomplishment (34± 8.6). Emotional exhaustion was related to sex (less among males, OR=0.48) and type of job (less among officials compared to health care staff, OR=0.488). Composite burnout was more common among younger staff (OR= 3.85). Depersonalization was associated with duty shift workers (OR=2.42). Conclusion: Job burnout is a major concern, and lack of personal accomplishment, as a component of burnout, was highly prevalent among Iranian health care employees. Being a single woman, health care provider, and having more than 20 years of work experience with a duty shift were contributing factors for burnout experience. Monitoring symptoms of burnout and its associated factors in the workplace and proposing an alternative organizational and behavioral system and sharing it with relevant authorities may help prevent or reduce job burnout and its deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Bazmi
- Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center. (SBMU Employees' Health Cohort center), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Alipour
- Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center. (SBMU Employees' Health Cohort center), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Taghi Yasamy
- Department of Psychiatry, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Kheradmand
- Department of Psychiatry, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soosan Salehpour
- Occupational Medicine Specialist, Poursina Occupational Medicine Services Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Khodakarim
- Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center. (SBMU Employees' Health Cohort center), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Soori
- Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center. (SBMU Employees' Health Cohort center), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Background Optimal breastfeeding is recommended up to two years, i.e, it prevents 1.4 million child deaths per year. Despite this prelacteal feeding is commonly practiced in Ethiopia due to different reasons. The objective of this study was to assess prelacteal feeding and associated factors among mothers who have infants less than six months of age. Method A community based quantitative cross sectional study was conducted from April 7, 2015 to May 7, 2015. Using simple random sampling method total of 423 mothers with infant less than six months old were included in this study. The data were collected by using an interviewer admini stered questionnaire. Both simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were computed to identify factors associated with prelacteal feeding. Results Prevalence of prelacteal feeding was 20.3% [95% CL: 16.38% – 24.02%]. The most common prelacteal feeding in the study area was butter (62.2%). Mothers with young infant who fed colostrum [AOR=3.540 (1.534, 8.173), initiated breastfeeding on time [AOR=4.4832 (1.823, 11.028)] and supported by husband's [AOR=2.686 (1.037, 6.953)] were less likely to practice prelacteal feeding to their infant than their counterparts. Conclusions Prelacteal feeding was common in the study area. Colostrum feeding, timely initiations of breastfeeding and husband support were the independent predictors of prelacteal feeding practices. Recommendation to avoid prelacteal feeding practices were: increasing the habit of mothers to initiate breastfeeding timely and to feed colostrum through education, empowering husbands regarding to breastfeeding and avoiding traditional practices that hinder optimal breastfeeding like colostrum avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilahun Tewabe
- Peaditrics and Childe Health Nursing, Bahir Dar Univesity, Ethiopia
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17
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Choi HY, Oh IJ, Lee JA, Lim J, Kim YS, Jeon TH, Cheong YS, Kim DH, Kim MC, Lee SY. Factors Affecting Adherence to Antihypertensive Medication. Korean J Fam Med 2018; 39:325-332. [PMID: 30384549 PMCID: PMC6250947 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.17.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a major contributor to the global disease burden of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine demographic and clinical factors associated with adherence to antihypertensive medication. METHODS From August 2012 to February 2015, we recruited 1,523 Korean patients with hypertension who visited family physicians. The study was conducted in 24 facilities located in urban and metropolitan areas. Of these facilities, two were primary care clinics and 22 were level 2 or 3 hospitals. Adherence was assessed using the pill count method; a cut-off value of 80% was used as the criterion for good adherence. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were compared between the adherent and nonadherent groups using the chi-square test for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed with medication adherence as the outcome variable. RESULTS Of the 1,523 patients, 1,245 (81.7%) showed good adherence to antihypertensive medication. In the multivariate logistic analysis, age ≥65 years, exercise, treatment in a metropolitan-located hospital, being on ≥2 classes of antihypertensive medication and concomitant medication for diabetes, and a family history of hypertension or cardiovascular diseases were associated with good adherence. Patients who had a habit of high salt intake were less adherent to medication. CONCLUSION Multiple classes of antihypertensive medications, concomitant medication, and exercise were associated with good adherence to antihypertensive medication, and high salt intake was associated with poor adherence to antihypertensive medication. These factors should be considered to improve hypertension control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Yoon Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Im Jung Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ah Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jisun Lim
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sik Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Hee Jeon
- Department of Family Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo-Seock Cheong
- Department of Family Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Dae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Moon-Chan Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Sang Yeoup Lee
- Departments of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Medical Education, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
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18
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Lee SH, Kim EJ, Noh JW, Chae JH. Factors Associated with Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms in Students Who Survived 20 Months after the Sewol Ferry Disaster in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2018; 33:e90. [PMID: 29495137 PMCID: PMC5835586 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Sewol ferry disaster caused national shock and grief in Korea. The present study examined the prevalence and associated factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among the surviving students 20 months after that disaster. METHODS This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design and a sample of 57 students (29 boys and 28 girls) who survived the Sewol ferry disaster. Data were collected using a questionnaire, including instruments that assessed psychological status. A generalized linear model using a log link and Poisson distribution was performed to identify factors associated with PTSD symptoms. RESULTS The results showed that 26.3% of participants were classified in the clinical group by the Child Report of Post-traumatic Symptoms score. Based on a generalized linear model, Poisson distribution, and log link analyses, PTSD symptoms were positively correlated with the number of exposed traumatic events, peers and social support, peri-traumatic dissociation and post-traumatic negative beliefs, and emotional difficulties. On the other hand, PTSD symptoms were negatively correlated with psychological well-being, family cohesion, post-traumatic social support, receiving care at a psychiatry clinic, and female gender. CONCLUSION This study uncovered risk and protective factors of PTSD in disaster-exposed adolescents. The implications of these findings are considered in relation to determining assessment and interventional strategies aimed at helping survivors following similar traumatic experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hee Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- Maumtodoc Mental Health Clinic, Ansan, Korea.
| | - Jin Won Noh
- Department of Healthcare Management, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Chae
- Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Gao J, Peng D, Zhang X, Hao Z, Zhou J, Fan S, Zhang Y, Mao J, Dou X, Liang C. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Premature Ejaculation in the Anhui Male Population in China: Evidence-Based Unified Definition of Lifelong and Acquired Premature Ejaculation. Sex Med 2016; 5:e37-e43. [PMID: 28041923 PMCID: PMC5302376 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In 2014, new evidence-based definitions of lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE) and acquired premature ejaculation (APE) were proposed by the International Society for Sexual Medicine. Based on the new PE definitions, the prevalence of and factors associated with LPE and APE have not been investigated in China. Aim To evaluate the prevalence of and factors associated with LPE and APE in men with the complaint of PE in China. Methods From December 2011 to December 2015, a cross-sectional field survey was conducted in five cities in the Anhui province of China. Questionnaire data of 3,579 men were collected in our database. The questionnaire included subjects' demographic information and medical and sexual histories. Men who were not satisfied with their time to ejaculate were accepted as having the complaint of PE. Men with the complaint of PE who met the new definition of PE were diagnosed as having LPE or APE. Main Outcome Measures New definition of LPE and APE. Results Of 3,579 men who completed the questionnaire, 34.62% complained of PE. Mean age, body mass index, and self-estimated intravaginal ejaculatory latency time for all subjects were 34.97 ± 9.02 years, 23.33 ± 3.56 kg/m2, and 3.09 ± 1.36 minutes, respectively. The prevalences of LPE and APE in men with the complaint of PE were 10.98% and 21.39%, respectively. LPE and APE were associated with age, body mass index, and smoking and exercise rates (P < .001 for all comparisons). Men with APE reported more comorbidities than men with LPE, especially in the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and heart disease (P < .001 for all comparisons). Conclusion In this study, the prevalences of LPE and APE in men with the complaint of PE were 10.98% and 21.39%, respectively. Patients with APE were older and more likely to smoke, had more comorbidities, and had a higher body mass index than patients with LPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Gao
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dangwei Peng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiansheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Zongyao Hao
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Song Fan
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Mao
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xianming Dou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chaozhao Liang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Karimzadeh I, Heydari M, Ramzi M, Sagheb MM. Frequency and Associated Factors of Amphotericin B Nephrotoxicity in Hospitalized Patients in Hematology-Oncology Wards in the Southwest of Iran. Nephrourol Mon 2016; 8:e39581. [PMID: 27896234 PMCID: PMC5119430 DOI: 10.5812/numonthly.39581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nephrotoxicity is the most clinically significant adverse reaction of amphotericin B. Different aspects of amphotericin B (AmB) nephrotoxicity have not been studied well in our population. Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency, time onset, and possible associated factors of AmB nephrotoxicity in hospitalized patients in hematology-oncology wards in the southwest of Iran. Patients and Methods A cross-sectional, observational study was performed over a period of 9 months at 2 hematology-oncology and 1 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation wards at Namazi Hospital. Patients aged 15 years or older with no documented history of acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease who were scheduled to receive formulations of AmB intravenously for at least 1 week were included. The required demographic and clinical data of the patients were recorded. Urine urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, and magnesium levels were measured at days 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 of the AmB treatment. AmB nephrotoxicity based on serum creatinine increase, renal potassium wasting, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia were determined. Results Among the 40 patients recruited for the study, 11 (27.5%) patients developed AmB nephrotoxicity with a mean ± standard deviation onset of 6.73 ± 2.36 days. In 5 patients, AmB nephrotoxicity resolved spontaneously without any intervention. According to the multivariate logistic regression model, none of the studied demographic, clinical, and paraclinical variables were significantly associated with AmB nephrotoxicity. The duration of hospitalization (P = 0.541) and the mortality rate (P = 0.723) were comparable between the patients with and without AmB nephrotoxicity. Hypokalemia and renal potassium wasting were identified in 45% and 27.5% of the patients during AmB treatment, respectively. Conclusions Nearly one-third (27.5%) of our cohort developed nephrotoxicity within the first week of AmB treatment. Hypokalemia and renal potassium wasting were more notable, affecting about one-half and one-third of the AmB recipients, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Karimzadeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Marziyeh Heydari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Mani Ramzi
- Hematology Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Sagheb
- Nephrology-Urology Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Mohammad Mahdi Sagheb, Nephrology-Urology Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran. Tel: +98-7132351087, E-mail:
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Chartier KG, Scott DM, Wall TL, Covault J, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Mills BA, Luczak SE, Caetano R, Arroyo JA. Framing ethnic variations in alcohol outcomes from biological pathways to neighborhood context. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2014; 38:611-8. [PMID: 24483624 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health disparities research seeks to eliminate disproportionate negative health outcomes experienced in some racial/ethnic minority groups. This brief review presents findings on factors associated with drinking and alcohol-related problems in racial/ethnic groups. METHODS Those discussed are as follows: (i) biological pathways to alcohol problems, (ii) gene × stress interactions, (iii) neighborhood disadvantage, stress, and access to alcohol, and (iv) drinking cultures and contexts. RESULTS These factors and their interrelationships are complex, requiring a multilevel perspective. CONCLUSIONS The use of interdisciplinary teams and an epigenetic focus are suggested to move the research forward. The application of multilevel research to policy, prevention, and intervention programs may help prioritize combinations of the most promising intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen G Chartier
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Social Work , Richmond, Virginia
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Gao J, Zhang X, Su P, Liu J, Xia L, Yang J, Shi K, Tang D, Hao Z, Zhou J, Liang C. Prevalence and factors associated with the complaint of premature ejaculation and the four premature ejaculation syndromes: a large observational study in China. J Sex Med 2013; 10:1874-81. [PMID: 23651451 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although the new classification of premature ejaculation (PE) has been proposed by Waldinger et al., there have been few studies investigating the four PE syndromes in China. AIMS We investigated the prevalence and factors associated with the complaint of PE and the four PE syndromes in Anhui province, China. METHODS Between September 2011 and September 2012, subjects were selected from five cities in Anhui province, China. They participated in this survey by completing a detailed verbal questionnaire regarding their demographic data and medical and sexual history. Men with PE complaint were diagnosed as lifelong PE (LPE), acquired PE (APE), natural variable PE (NVPE), or premature-like ejaculatory dysfunction (PLED). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES PE complaint was divided into four PE syndromes. Anxiety, depression, and erectile dysfunction were independently assessed by the self-rating anxiety/depression scale and the international index of erectile function-5, respectively. RESULTS Of the 3,016 men evaluated, 25.80% complained of PE. The distribution of the four PE syndromes in men with PE complaint was in the order of NVPE (44.09%), PLPE (24.81%), APE (18.77%), and LPE (12.34%). Patients with PE complaint were older and more likely to smoke, had more comorbidities, and a higher body mass index (BMI) than patients without the complaint (P < 0.001 for all). Similar findings were also observed in patients with APE compared with other PE patients (depression P = 0.012, cardiovascular P = 0.003, others P < 0.001). In addition, the rates of counseling by a doctor in men with LPE and APE were higher than those in men with NVPE and PLED (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The prevalence of PE complaint in male population of Anhui province, China, was 25.80%, with the highest PE syndromes being NVPE and PLPE. Patients with PE complaint or APE were older and more likely to smoke, had more comorbidities, and a higher BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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