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Yano T, Ito T, Kanehira Y, Yamada M, Kimura-Suda H, Wagatsuma H, Inoue D. Effects of risedronate, alendronate, and minodronate alone or in combination with eldecalcitol on bone mineral density, quality, and strength in ovariectomized rats. Bone Rep 2021; 14:101061. [PMID: 33898659 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy of active vitamin D3 with some bisphosphonates (BPs) has been reported to be clinically beneficial. However, combination therapy of eldecalcitol (ELD) with BP has to date not been validated as to whether it is beneficial in the clinical setting. Preclinical studies suggested that simultaneous treatment with ELD and some BPs is more effective than monotherapy. However, the relative potency of various BPs, when used in combination with ELD, is completely unknown. In this study, we examined and compared the effects of risedronate (RIS), alendronate (ALN), and minodronate (MIN) alone or in combination with ELD on bone mass, microarchitecture, strength, and material properties in ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats aged 13 weeks. RIS, ALN, MIN, and ELD were administered five times weekly for 16 weeks. Micro-computed tomography analysis, compression test, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging analysis were performed 16 weeks after treatment initiation. Trabecular and cortical bone mineral density (BMD) in the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4) significantly increased in the RIS + ELD, ALN + ELD, and MIN + ELD groups compared with the vehicle group. Moreover, the bone microarchitecture of L4 in all the BP + ELD groups also significantly improved. On mechanical testing of L4, the maximum load was significantly increased in the RIS + ELD and ALN + ELD groups. FTIR analysis revealed that the mineral-to-collagen ratio of trabecular bone in L3 of all the BP + ELD groups was significantly increased compared with the vehicle group. By contrast, the carbonate-to-phosphate ratio, a parameter of mineral immaturity, was significantly decreased in the RIS + ELD and ALN + ELD groups. BP + ELD improved the BMD and structural properties of the bone to a similar extent. RIS + ELD and ALN + ELD also improved bone strength. Furthermore, treatment with BP + ELD improved the bone material. These results suggest that the combination therapy of BP and ELD is beneficial and warrants further clinical trials. Combination of bisphosphonates and eldecalcitol was superior to either monotherapy. Bone quality on FTIR imaging analysis correlated with bone strength. Combined bisphosphonate and eldecalcitol may be useful in the clinical setting.
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Key Words
- ALF, alfacalcidol
- ALN, alendronate
- Alendronate
- BMD, bone mineral density
- BPs, bisphosphonates
- Combination therapy
- ELD, eldecalcitol
- Eldecalcitol
- FTIR imaging
- FTIR, Fourier transform infrared
- MIN, minodronate
- Minodronate
- OVX, ovariectomized
- RIS, risedronate
- Risedronate
- micro-CT, micro-computed tomography
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D'Oronzo S, Coleman R, Brown J, Silvestris F. Metastatic bone disease: Pathogenesis and therapeutic options: Up-date on bone metastasis management. J Bone Oncol 2019; 15:004-4. [PMID: 30937279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases negatively impact on patients’ quality of life (QoL). Skeletal related events have a detrimental effect on both QoL and survival. Both local and systemic treatments are often required to manage bone metastases. Bone turnover modulators reduce the risk of skeletal complications and improve pain. Novel agents may deserve further investigation for the management of bone metastases.
Bone metastases (BM) are a common complication of cancer, whose management often requires a multidisciplinary approach. Despite the recent therapeutic advances, patients with BM may still experience skeletal-related events and symptomatic skeletal events, with detrimental impact on quality of life and survival. A deeper knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the onset of lytic and sclerotic BM has been acquired in the last decades, leading to the development of bone-targeting agents (BTA), mainly represented by anti-resorptive drugs and bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals. Recent pre-clinical and clinical studies have showed promising effects of novel agents, whose safety and efficacy need to be confirmed by prospective clinical trials. Among BTA, adjuvant bisphosphonates have also been shown to reduce the risk of BM in selected breast cancer patients, but failed to reduce the incidence of BM from lung and prostate cancer. Moreover, adjuvant denosumab did not improve BM free survival in patients with breast cancer, suggesting the need for further investigation to clarify BTA role in early-stage malignancies. The aim of this review is to describe BM pathogenesis and current treatment options in different clinical settings, as well as to explore the mechanism of action of novel potential therapeutic agents for which further investigation is needed.
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Key Words
- ActRIIA, activin-A type IIA receptor
- BC, breast cancer
- BM, bone metastases
- BMD, bone mineral density
- BMPs, bone morphogenetic proteins
- BMSC, bone marrow stromal cells
- BPs, bisphosphonates
- BTA, bone targeting agents
- BTM, bone turnover markers
- Bone metastases
- Bone targeting agents
- CCR, chemokine-receptor
- CRPC, castration-resistant PC
- CXCL-12, C–X–C motif chemokine-ligand-12
- CXCR-4, chemokine-receptor-4
- DFS, disease-free survival
- DKK1, dickkopf1
- EBC, early BC
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- ET-1, endothelin-1
- FDA, food and drug administration
- FGF, fibroblast growth factor
- GAS6, growth-arrest specific-6
- GFs, growth factors
- GnRH, gonadotropin-releasing hormone
- HER-2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
- HR, hormone receptor
- IL, interleukin
- LC, lung cancer
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MCSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- MCSFR, MCSF receptor
- MIP-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha
- MM, multiple myeloma
- MPC, malignant plasma cells
- N-BPs, nitrogen-containing BPs
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB
- ONJ, osteonecrosis of the jaw
- OS, overall survival
- Osteotropic tumors
- PC, prostate cancer
- PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor
- PFS, progression-free survival
- PIs, proteasome inhibitors
- PSA, prostate specific antigen
- PTH, parathyroid hormone
- PTH-rP, PTH related protein
- QoL, quality of life
- RANK-L, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand
- RT, radiation therapy
- SREs, skeletal-related events
- SSEs, symptomatic skeletal events
- Skeletal related events
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor β
- TK, tyrosine kinase
- TKIs, TK inhibitors
- TNF, tumornecrosis factor
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- VEGFR, VEGF receptor
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
- non-N-BPs, non-nitrogen containing BPs
- v-ATPase, vacuolar-type H+ ATPase
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Ferreira A, Bettencourt M, Alho I, Costa A, Sousa A, Mansinho A, Abreu C, Pulido C, Macedo D, Vendrell I, Pacheco T, Costa L, Casimiro S. Serum YB-1 (Y-box binding protein 1) as a biomarker of bone disease progression in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases. J Bone Oncol 2017; 6:16-21. [PMID: 28194325 PMCID: PMC5294742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
YB-1 (Y-box binding protein 1) is a multifunctional cold-shock protein that has been implicated in all hallmarks of cancer. Elevated YB-1 protein level was associated with poor prognosis in several types of cancers, including breast cancer (BC), where it is a marker of decreased overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis-free survival across all subtypes. YB-1 is also secreted by different cell types and may act as an extracellular mitogen; however the pathological implications of the secreted form of YB-1 (sYB-1) are unknown. Our purpose was to retrospectively evaluate the association between YB-1 measured by ELISA in serum and disease characteristics and outcomes in patients with BC and bone metastases (BM). In our cohort, sYB-1 was detected in the serum of 22 (50%) patients, and was associated with the presence of extra-bone metastases (p=0.044). Positive sYB-1 was also associated with faster bone disease progression (HR 3.1, 95% CI 1.09–8.95, P=0.033), but no significant differences were observed concerning OS, and time to development of skeletal-related events. Moreover, patients with positive sYB-1 also had higher levels of IL-6, a known osteoclastogenic inducer. Therefore, detection of sYB-1 in patients with BC and BM may indicate a higher tumor burden, in bone and extra-bone locations, and is a biomarker of faster bone disease progression.
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Key Words
- BC, breast cancer
- BM, bone metastases
- BPs, bisphosphonates
- Bone metastases
- Breast cancer
- CSD, cold shock domain
- CT, computed tomography
- CTCs, circulating tumor cells
- CV, coefficient of variation
- EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- IL-6, interleukin 6
- IQR, interquartile range
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- NTX, N-terminal telopeptide
- OS, overall survival
- Prognostic factor
- SREs, skeletal related events
- Serum biomarker
- TAMs, tumor-associated macrophages
- TTBP, time to bone progression
- TTSRE, time to first skeletal-related event;
- Y-box binding protein 1
- YB-1, Y-box binding protein 1
- sYB-1, secreted/serum YB-1
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Affiliation(s)
- A.R. Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M. Bettencourt
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - I. Alho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A.L. Costa
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A.R. Sousa
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A. Mansinho
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C. Abreu
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C. Pulido
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D. Macedo
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - I. Vendrell
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - T.R. Pacheco
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L. Costa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - S. Casimiro
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence to: Luis Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
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